Abstract: The present invention provides a photo-curable composition that requires a small mold-releasing force in a method of producing a cured product and also provides a method of producing a cured product with a small mold-releasing force. The method of producing a cured product includes applying a photo-curable composition onto a base material; pressing a mold to the photo-curable composition to form a pattern in the photo-curable composition; irradiating the photo-curable composition provided with the pattern with first light to generate a cured product having the pattern; and releasing the mold from the cured product, wherein a gas-generating region is formed from a gas-generating agent between the cured product and the mold; the gas-generating region is irradiated with second light to generate a gas in the gas-generating region; and the mold is released from the cured product after the generation of the gas or simultaneously with the generation of the gas.

Abstract: A method for controlling a contact angle between a glue and a surface of a substrate during manufacture of microchip packages is disclosed. The method includes applying a glue to a surface of a substrate, and placing an electrode in electrical connection with the glue. A potential difference is applied between the electrode and the substrate. The potential difference is applied across the glue and causes a contact angle between the glue and the surface of the substrate to be altered.

Abstract: A transfer printing apparatus includes a mold, a stamper, a pressing roller and a curing unit. The mold has a first surface with first and second concavities, the second concavity has first and second planes, the first plane is perpendicular to the first surface, and the second plane is inclined to the first surface. The stamper having a second surface is disposed in the first concavity. The first and second surfaces are coplanar, and the second surface has transfer printing microstructures. The first and second surfaces are suitable for coated an adhesive layer. The pressing roller presses a base film onto the adhesive layer, such that the adhesive layer is integrated with the base film. The curing unit cures the adhesive layer on the base film, such that a taper corresponding to the second concavity and optical microstructures corresponding to the transfer printing microstructures are formed on the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A system for controlling a boundary of spreading liquid adhesive on a surface is disclosed. The system includes one or more ultra-violet (UV) sources configurable to emit UV light onto the liquid adhesive; and a control circuit coupled to the one or more UV sources and configured to control the one or more UV sources to selectively apply the UV light at selected locations on the liquid adhesive to cure the adhesive and prevent its further spread at those locations.

Abstract: Wetting and print transfer from a printing patterned transfer surface is enhanced by applying an ultraviolet radiation responsive material to the patterned transfer surface. Ultraviolet activation of the ultraviolet responsive coating is performed during a transfer of printing material to a substrate. The technique increases precision of the printing process and is useful for transfer of printing material to a substrate in order to establish printed circuit components such as circuit traces and printed circuit elements on the substrate. In a particular configuration the ultraviolet radiation responsive material can be made of azobenzene material or free radical initiators.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transfer film for in-mold injection, comprising a substrate, a UV curing layer, a hard coating layer, a printed layer, and an adhesive layer, wherein the UV curing layer comprises a three-dimensional pattern and a releasing agent composition. In addition, the present invention provides a preparation method of a transfer film for in-mold injection comprising the steps of: forming a substrate; forming a UV curing layer comprising a releasing agent composition on the substrate; forming a three-dimensional pattern on the UV curing layer, and curing the same using a UV lamp; forming a hard coating layer on the releasing layer; forming a printed layer on the hard coating layer; and forming an adhesive layer on the printed layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for forming nanoparticle films using electrophoretic deposition. The methods comprise exposing a substrate to a solution, the solution comprising substantially dispersed nanoparticles, an organic solvent, and a polymer characterized by a backbone comprising Si—O groups. The methods further comprise applying an electric field to the solution, whereby a nanoparticle film is deposited on the substrate. Suitable polymers include polysiloxanes, polysilsesquioxanes and polysilicates. Coated glass windows and methods of forming the coated glass windows using the solutions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a fiber with periodically spaced beads includes the steps of: coating a base fiber with a settable coating; thereafter allowing the settable coating to form periodically spaced beads on the base fiber; and stabilizing the periodically spaced beads into periodically spaced beads thus creating a fiber with beads-on-a-string morphology.

Abstract: A method of forming a polymer film includes dispensing a substrate and coating the substrate with a composition that is curable using actinic radiation. In an example, the method further includes exposing the composition to actinic radiation in presence of an atmosphere including 1 vol % to 37 vol % oxygen, whereby the surface of the composition forms an undulating morphology. In another example, the method further includes applying an oxygen-containing overlay over the composition, exposing the composition to actinic radiation through the oxygen-containing overlay, and removing the oxygen-containing overlay, whereby the surface of the composition forms an undulating morphology.

Abstract: A cured film is formed by using a curable composition comprising a liquid repellent polymer having units (u1) based on a liquid repellent compound represented by the following formula (m1): wherein Cf is a C1-20 fluoroalkyl group or a C1-20 fluoroalkyl group having an etheric oxygen atom between carbon atoms, each of R1 and R2 which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group or a phenyl group, X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom or NH, n in an integer of from 0 to 4, m is 1 when X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NH, or 2 when X is a nitrogen atom, Z is R4R5C?CR3—CO—, and each of R3, R4 and R5 which are independent of one another, is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Abstract: A method for building three-dimensional articles using a thermal polymerization process in provided. The articles are built by using a composition that includes a thermally polymerizable composition, a thermal initiator, and a nonlinear light-to-heat conversion material such as a reverse saturable dye. The article is built by the sequential exposure of adjacent voxels with a laser beam. Microlens arrays can be used to expose more than one voxel at a time.

Abstract: The disclosed mold includes recessed parts which have a shape corresponding to embossed portions of the barrier rib to be fabricated, and protruding parts which have a shape corresponding to depressed portions of the barrier rib to be fabricated, protrude adjacent to the recessed parts, and are tapered. The protruding parts and the recessed parts are arranged at regular intervals. It is possible to simply fabricate the two-layered barrier rib for inkjet application through a single embossing process at low cost using the mold for fabricating the barrier rib of the present invention.

Abstract: Ultraviolet light-curable deposits are printed onto a substrate in a predetermined pattern to make tactile marks (e.g. Braille-like resin dots) for use by people with impaired vision to, for example, recognize the denominations of banknotes. The deposit demonstrates high adhesion due to: (1) presence of 20-80% (wt.) of a low viscosity acrylate component to provide a substrate-penetrating property; and, (2) 2-30% (wt.) of an adhesion-promoting acid acrylate. The deposit material further includes 1-30% (wt.) of urethane acrylate, 1-30% by weight of reactive diluent, photoinitiator and 1-10% (wt.) of rheological adsorbing additive. Optimally, the adhesion promoter is added after the other components have been mixed with the rheological additive. The printing step may be followed by heating before the curing step to increase penetration of the ink into the substrate. The deposit may comprise a taggant for use as a security feature.

Abstract: To provide a curable composition which has favorable insulating property and liquid repellency, and from which a cured film having liquid repellency capable of being sufficiently converted to be liquid-philic even by irradiation with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of at least 300 nm, can be formed; an article having a cured film obtained by curing the curable composition and its production process. A cured film is formed by using a curable composition comprising a polymer having units (u1) based on a compound represented by the following formula (m1): wherein R1=a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or the like; R2=a bivalent organic group or the like; Cf=a C1-20 fluoroalkyl group or the like, X?O, S, N or NH; m=1 to 2; n=0 to 4; k=0 to 1; and Z=a (meth)acryloyl group or the like.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing coated panels of the type including at least a substrate and a top layer, provided on the substrate, with a motif, may involve providing a synthetic material layer on the substrate, and providing a relief on the surface of the synthetic material layer. The relief may show a pattern of recesses and/or protrusions. The pattern may be at least partially determined using a light-projection technique.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nail sticker including a UV gel layer and a method for preparing same. In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the need of soaking a nail in a harmful solution for a long time for removal of a UV gel may be avoided while maintaining the advantages of the UV gel. Also, the problems that the opposite end of the cuticle is chipped or the end of the cuticle is peeled may be solved while maintaining the advantages of the UV gel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a substrate with a metal film includes preparing an insulative substrate having the first surface and the second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, forming in the insulative substrate a penetrating hole having the inner wall tapering from the first surface of the insulative substrate toward the second surface, forming a layer of a composition containing a polymerization initiator and a polymerizable compound on the inner wall of the penetrating hole, irradiating the layer of the composition with energy such that a polymer is formed on the inner wall of the penetrating hole, applying a plating catalyst on the polymer, and forming a plated-metal film on the inner wall of the penetrating hole.

Abstract: A photocurable resin composition for sealing an organic EL device is provided, which can seal the organic EL device without exerting any bad influence on the device, thereby suppress the formation and growth of dark spots positively, and which can ensure a high transmittance of light, thereby maintain a stable light emitting characteristic over a long period of time. The composition comprises (A) an epoxy resin containing at least two glycidyl groups in each molecule thereof and having a molecular weight of 200 to 7000, (B) an epoxy resin containing at least one glycidyl group in each molecule thereof and having a molecular weight of 20000 to 100000, (C) a latent acid photo catalyst adapted to be activated and produce an acid upon being irradiated with energy beam, and (D) a silane coupling agent containing a glycidyl group in each molecule thereof, the composition exhibiting non-fluidity at 25° C., but exhibiting fluidity in a temperature range of 50° to 100° C.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a pattern formation method includes coating a polymer material on a film to be processed, the polymer material having a first segment and a second segment, the second segment containing a functional group that causes a cross-linking reaction, performing microphase separation of the polymer material to form a self-assembly pattern having a first polymer portion that contains the first segment and a second polymer portion that contains the second segment, performing irradiation with energy rays toward the self-assembly pattern in a cooling state; and selectively removing the first polymer portion.

Abstract: The invention provides a resin composition for laser engraving, having a binder polymer containing at least one of a structure unit represented by the following Formula (I) or a structure unit represented by the following Formula (II). In the Formulae, Q represents a partial structure which provides an acid group having an acid dissociation constant pKa of 0 to 20 when it is in the form of -Q-H; R1 to R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group; and A and B each independently represent a bivalent organic connecting group. The invention further provides a relief printing plate precursor having a relief forming layer containing the resin composition, a method for manufacturing a relief printing plate having crosslinking components of the relief forming layer and laser engraving the relief forming layer, and a relief printing plate formed thereby.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curable resin composition comprising a polymer (A) that has a main chain comprising carbon atoms and a side chain having a polymerizing unsaturated linking group and has a cyclic structure in the main chain and/or the side chain, and a compound having a polymerizing unsaturated group. The curable resin composition has good optical characteristics, good heat resistance and good moldability.

Abstract: A method of glass edge coating includes supplying a coating material to a jetting dispenser. Droplets are jetted from a nozzle of the jetting dispenser. Beads of coating material are deposited on a perimeter edge of the glass article by arranging for the droplets to drop on the perimeter edge after falling through a standoff distance between the nozzle and the perimeter edge, whereafter each bead flows in a plurality of directions on the perimeter edge, thereby forming a coating on the perimeter edge. During the jetting, a relative motion is effected between the nozzle and the perimeter edge such that the beads are deposited at a plurality of locations along the perimeter edge.

Abstract: A method of patterning a block copolymer layer, the method including: providing a substrate including a topographic pattern on a surface of the substrate, wherein the topographic pattern includes a trench and a mesa; forming, on the surface of the substrate, an underlayer including a polymer, wherein the polymer includes a repeating unit derived from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic vinyl monomer and has an anchoring group; heat-treating the underlayer to anchor the underlayer to the surface of the substrate via the anchoring group; irradiating the heat-treated underlayer with light to form a crosslinked polymer with a crosslink between carbon atoms of main chains of the polymer; forming a block copolymer layer on the underlayer including the crosslinked polymer; and heat-treating the block copolymer layer to form a self-assembled structure of the block copolymer directed by the topographic pattern.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a nanovoided article, a nanovoided coating, and a low refractive index coating is described. The process includes providing a first solution of a polymerizable material in a solvent; at least partially polymerizing the polymerizable material to form a composition that includes an insoluble polymer matrix and a second solution, wherein the insoluble polymer matrix includes a plurality of nanovoids that are filled with the second solution; and removing a major portion of the solvent from the second solution. An apparatus for the process is also described, and includes a webline, a coating section, a partial polymerization section, and a solvent removal section.

Abstract: A coating agent (60) comprising an ultraviolet ray hardening resin composite (62) to be applied on a water pressure transfer film (20) contains no organic solvent, but contains at least photo-polymerization pre-polymer, photo-polymerization monomer and photo-polymerization initiator and having a viscosity of 10 to 100 CPS (25° C.) and an ink solubility of 10 or more at an SP value. This can positively and effectively perform the operation of recovering the adhesion of the dried print pattern of the water pressure transfer film and also imparting the ultraviolet ray hardenability to the print pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for applying a colored or colorless micropattern to a support, in which a) a die form (40) is prepared whose surface exhibits an arrangement of elevations (42) and depressions (44) in the form of the desired micropattern, b) the depressions (44) in the die form are filled with a curable colored or colorless lacquer (26), c) the support (20, 30) is pretreated for a good anchoring of the colored or colorless lacquer (26), d) the surface of the die form (40) is brought into contact with the support (20, 30), e) the lacquer (26) that is in contact with the support (20, 30) in the depressions in the die form (40) is cured and, in the process, joined with the support (20, 30), and f) the surface of the die form (40) is removed from the support (20, 30) again such that the cured lacquer (26) that is joined with the support (20, 30) is pulled out of the depressions (44) in the die form (40).

Abstract: A method for forming a molecularly imprinted polymer biosensor includes: (a) preparing a reaction solution including an imprinting molecule, a functional monomer, an initiator, and a crosslinking agent; (b) disposing the reaction solution in a space between upper and lower substrates each of which is made of a light-transmissible material; (c) disposing on the upper substrate a photomask having a patterned hole; (d) irradiating the reaction solution through the patterned hole of the photomask and the upper substrate so that the reaction solution undergoes polymerization to form a polymer between the upper and lower substrates; (e) removing the upper substrate after the polymer is formed on the lower substrate; and (f) extracting the imprinting molecule from the polymer so that a patterned molecularly imprinted polymer film is formed on the lower substrate.

Abstract: Dental curing systems, apparatuses, and methods may include a light source, a perforated plate, and a dental composite. The perforated plate may be positioned between the light source and the dental composite. The perforated plate may include a plurality of perforations that convert a first curing light beam from the light source into multiple curing light beams before reaching the dental composite. The multiple curing light beams come in contact with the dental composite to begin the curing process at certain locations on the dental composite. The perforated plate may then be removed, and a second curing light beam from the light source may be applied to the dental composite to complete the curing process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for forming a surface relief microstructure, especially an optically variable image on a paper substrate are provided, the method comprising the steps of: A) applying a curable composition to at least a portion of the frontside of the paper substrate; B) contacting at least a portion of the curable composition with surface relief microstructure, especially optically variable image forming means; C) curing the composition by using at least one UV lamp (1, 2, 3) which is arranged on the backside of the paper substrate; D) optionally depositing a layer of a transparent high refractive index material and/or a metallic layer on at least a portion of the cured composition, wherein the lamp (1, 2, 3) having emission peak(s) in the UV-A and near VIS range and the curable composition comprises at least a photoinitiator which absorbs in the UV-A region and preferably in the near VIS range.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a tape-like pattern medium, with which a tape-like pattern medium with improved mechanical strength is manufactured.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of forming undertone layer of optical fiber with single-layer coating is provided. The optical fiber with single-layer coating includes, from the center outwards, glass core, cladding layer (outer diameter 80 um-125 um) and permanent coating (thickness 4 um-8 um). The method of forming undertone layer over permanent coating includes: placing optical fiber in a coloring machine so that coloring machine guiding optical fiber moving forwards, coloring machine having at least a mask device and a UV curing device; coating an undertone layer on permanent coating of optical fiber when optical fiber passing mask device, the thickness of undertone layer being 3-200 um; irradiating UV onto optical fiber passing UV curing device to solidify the undertone layer on permanent layer; and coloring machine collecting processed optical fiber, the coating strip force of undertone layer of optical fiber being less than 1 Newton.

Abstract: A molding method includes: drawing cross-section elements of a three-dimensional object as a molding target on a drawing surface of a drawing stand with a liquid whose curing is precipitated by receiving activation energy as cross-section patterns; applying the activation energy to the liquid configuring the cross-section patterns in a state in which the cross-section patterns is pinched between the drawing stand and a molding stand; and detaching the cross-section patterns after being applied with the activation energy from the drawing stand and transferring the cross-section patterns to the molding stand side, wherein the drawing surface has a liquid repellent area that is an area representing liquid repellency for the liquid and a lyophilic area that is independently formed in an island shape within the liquid repellent area and is an area representing lyophillicity stronger than that of the liquid repellent area for the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides an extrusion casting method for making composite light guide plates with a thickness of more than about 1 mm, for use in LCD backlights or in general illumination devices. In the fabrication method of the present invention the extrusion roll molding process is combined with coating and lamination steps to enable a cost effective roll-to-roll or roll-to-sheet manufacture of thick composite light guide plates wherein one or both principal surfaces of the light guide plate contain a pattern to enable extraction and redirection of light by the light guide plate from a light source or multiple light sources placed at one or multiple edges of the light guide plate. The composite light guide plate comprises a patterned film and a pre-cut sheet joined together by an adhesive layer.

Abstract: Thermally cross-linkable photo-hydrolyzable inkjet printable polymers are used to print microfluidic channels layer-by-layer on a substrate. In one embodiment, for each layer, an inkjet head deposits droplets of a mixture of hydrophobic polymer and cross-linking agent in a pattern lying outside a two-dimensional layout of the channels, and another inkjet head deposits droplets of a mixture of poly(tetrahydropyranyl methacrylate) PTHPMA (or another hydrophobic polymer which hydrolyzes to form a hydrophilic material), cross-linking agent, and a photoacid generator (PAG) in a pattern lying inside the two-dimensional layout of the channels. After all layers are printed, flood exposure of the entire substrate to UV radiation releases acid from the PAG which hydrolyzes PTHPMA to form hydrophilic poly(methacrylic acid) PMAA, thereby rendering the PTHPMA regions hydrophilic. The layers of these now-hydrophilic patterned regions together define the microfluidic channels. The cross-linking agent (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides structures including a substrate, a crosslinked polymer film disposed over the substrate, and a patterned diblock copolymer film disposed over the crosslinked polymer film. The crosslinked polymer comprises a random copolymer polymerized from a first monomer, a second monomer, and a photo-crosslinkable and/or thermally crosslinkable third monomer, including epoxy-functional or acrylyol-functional monomers. Also disclosed are methods for forming the structures.

Abstract: A method of forming patterns on transparent substrates using a pulsed laser is disclosed. Various embodiments include an ultrashort pulsed laser, a substrate that is transparent to the laser wavelength, and a target plate. The laser beam is guided through the transparent substrate and focused on the target surface. The target material is ablated by the laser and is deposited on the opposite substrate surface. A pattern, for example a gray scale image, is formed by scanning the laser beam relative to the target. Variations of the laser beam scan speed and scan line density control the material deposition and change the optical properties of the deposited patterns, creating a visual effect of gray scale. In some embodiments patterns may be formed on a portion of a microelectronic device during a fabrication process. In some embodiments high repetition rate picoseconds and nanosecond sources are configured to produce the patterns.

Abstract: A primer-less coating composition for facestock comprises: a binder being a water-dispersible polymer; an ethylenically unsaturated compound which is aqueous-dispersible and miscible with or bonded to the water-dispersible polymer, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated compound is able to form a covalent bond with an ink; and a crosslinker that is suitable for binding the coating to the facestock. The coating composition may be applied to a substrate to form a printable film. A printed film having the coating may be used in a label, for example for use on a container such as a bottle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coated-product with marking. The coated-product is obtained by the steps of forming a coating layer having brightness higher than the brightness of a bare surface of a molding on the surface of the molding made of resin colored with dye, and removing a predetermined portion of the coating layer by laser marking and exposing the bare surface of the coated-product to form a marking portion.

Abstract: Provided are a random wrinkle structure-formable compound, a composition including the same, a film including a random wrinkle structure, a method of forming the film, and an organic light emitting device including the film. A compound according to the present invention is coated and then, a film having a surface structure of random wrinkles may be simply formed through simple ultraviolet (UV) curing or thermosetting. When the film thus formed is used in an organic light emitting device, light generated from the organic light emitting device is scattered on surfaces of the random wrinkles to prevent light guide or total reflection, and thus, light is extracted to the outside. That is, a random structure disposed at the outside of the device performs a light extraction function and consequently, light efficiency of the organic light emitting device may be increased.

Abstract: The photocuring efficiency of a photoinitiator is increased by mixing it with an organic phosphite and an aldehyde. This mixture or photoinitiator composition can be used to cure acrylates or other photocurable compounds, particularly in an oxygen-containing environment.

Abstract: Provided are a photosensitive resin composition which is soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution and which has a good propagation loss in a visible light wavelength region, a photosensitive resin cured matter, a photosensitive resin film, a photosensitive resin film cured matter and an optical waveguide obtained by using the same. Provided are, to be specific, a photosensitive resin composition comprising (A) a vinyl polymer having at least one chain-polymerizable functional group in a molecule, (B) a polymerizable compound and (C) a polymerization initiator, wherein the component (C) is at least one selected from the group consisting of 2-[2-oxo-2-phenylacetoxyethoxy]ethyl oxyphenylacetate, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl oxyphenylacetate and oligo{2-hyroxy-2-methyl-1-[4-(1-methylvinyl)phenyl]}propanone, a photosensitive resin cured matter, a photosensitive resin film, a photosensitive resin film cured matter and an optical waveguide obtained by using the same.

Abstract: Building panels, especially floor panels and a method to produce such building panels that include a decorative surface and a transparent protective layer, which is applied by a digital coating. Also, a vision control system that may be used to adapt a digital print or a digital embossing to a specific panel surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocurable polyethylene glycol silsesquioxane, a polyethylene glycol silsesquioxane network prepared therefrom, an anti-biofouling device including the polyethylene glycol silsesquioxane network, and a method of preparing a nanopattern. The polyethylene glycol silsesquioxane network has a high anti-biofouling property, low viscosity, high optical transparency, good hydrophilicity, high resistance to swelling in organic solvents/aqueous solutions, high stability under biological, chemical, and thermal stress, and high mechanical strength, and can be useful in a wide range of biomedical devices because it enables the manufacture of micro-nanopatterns.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a fabrication method of a microlens array (MLA) and an MLA fabricated using the same. The fabrication method of an MLA comprises: providing a substrate with an interface hydrophilic modified polymer layer; using light, gas or liquid with the property of converting the polymer' hydrophilicity to create a hydrophilic zone on the interface hydrophilic modified polymer layer; coating the substrate with a liquid material to condense a plurality of liquid microlenses in the hydrophilic zone; and curing the plurality of liquid microlenses to form a plurality of microlenses. Therefore, the fabrication method of an MLA has advantages of fast speed, low cost, no etch transfer and low temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a prepreg which contains reinforcing fibers and a matrix resin composition with the weight per square meter of the reinforcing fibers being 250-2,000 g/m2. The production method comprises the following steps (1)-(3): (1) a matrix resin composition blending step for obtaining a matrix resin composition by mixing an epoxy resin, a radically polymerizable unsaturated compound, an epoxy resin curing agent and a polymerization initiator that generates radicals, in said step the content of the radically polymerizable unsaturated compound relative to 100% by mass of the total of the epoxy resin and the radically polymerizable unsaturated compound being 10-25% by mass; (2) a matrix resin composition impregnating step; and (3) a surface viscosity increasing step.

Abstract: A method of forming low dielectric contrast structures by imprinting a silsesquioxane based polymerizable composition. The imprinting composition including: one or more polyhedral silsesquioxane oligomers each having one or more polymerizable groups, wherein each of the one or more polymerizable group is bound to a different silicon atom of the one or more polyhedral silsesquioxane oligomers; and one or more polymerizable diluents, the diluents constituting at least 50% by weight of the composition.

Abstract: A template washing method and a photowashing apparatus which ensure removal of resist residual remaining on a pattern surface of a template, a pattern forming method and a nanoimprint apparatus which ensure formation of patterns with fewer defects are provided. The template washing method of the invention for photowashing the pattern surface of the template used in nanoimprint includes a vacuum-ultraviolet light irradiation process for irradiating the pattern surface of the template with vacuum ultraviolet light under an atmosphere of dry air.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a patterned retarder plate including a liquid crystal sheet on which a retarding pattern with a ?/4 wavelength by forming a patterned align layer on a photo align layer by performing an align process once. The method for manufacturing a retarder plate according to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can implement the photoalign through a single process during the photoalign process using the mask, thereby reducing the defect rate due to the existing method and reducing the process costs.

Abstract: A nozzle for producing a liquid jet or a single-file stream of droplets of a fluid, methods using the nozzle, and an injector comprising the nozzle of the invention for providing the liquid jet or single-file stream of a fluid to a vacuum system are described.

Abstract: A laminate includes a base and a moth-eye film in a combined manner. The laminate can be easily bonded to a polarizer without performing a saponification treatment and can provide pencil hardness and scratch resistance without disposing a hard coat layer. The laminate of an embodiment of the present invention is directed to a laminate including an anti-reflection film including a plurality of protruding portions arranged so that a width between peaks of adjacent protruding portions is less than or equal to a wavelength of visible light and an acrylic base on which the anti-reflection film is placed. In the laminate, the anti-reflection film and the acrylic base are directly bonded to each other.