Abstract: A process is provided whereby radiation curable compositions comprising N-vinylformamide and an oligomer selected from the group consisting of epoxy-acrylate resins, polyester acrylate resins, polyurethane acrylate resins, acrylic acrylate resins, silicone acrylate resins, unsaturated polyester resins, maleate ester resins, vinyl ether resins and mixtures thereof are applied to the surface of a substrate and subsequently exposed to a radiation source until an adherent dry polymerized film is formed on the substrate. These compositions are useful for a wide range of applications including pigmented and unpigmented coatings, printing inks, adhesives and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for imparting anti-sticking surface-releasability to the surface of a substrate which comprises: coating the surface with a novel radiation-curable (meth)acryloxy-containing organopolysiloxane; and curing the coating layer by the irradiation with radiation such as electron beams and ultraviolet light. Different from conventional radiation-curable (meth)acryloxy-containing organopolysiloxanes, the novel organopolysiloxane here used is characteristic in comprising at least one trifunctional organosiloxane unit in a molecule, by virtue of which the (meth)acryloxy-containing organopolysiloxane has good curability by the irradiation to exhibit excellent surface-releasability with high durability against aging.

Abstract: The release film-forming organopolysiloxane composition in accordance with the present invention is characterized by its ability to cure rapidly at relatively low temperatures not exceeding 100.degree. C. to yield a cured film that is strongly adherent for the surface of various types of substrates (e.g., synthetic films, paper, polyethylene-laminated paper, etc.) and that also exhibits excellent release properties for tacky substances.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic vertical dip coater with simultaneous UV curing. The invention includes a method of automatically dip-coating and simultaneously UV curing a conformal coating on both sides of a circuit board including the steps of positioning a circuit board, to be coated on both sides with a conformal coating, on a tool; advancing said tool towards a dip-coating tank containing a UV curable conformal coating so that both sides of said circuit board are immersed in said conformal coating to a predetermined position; advancing said tool passed opposed UV lamps so that the conformal coating on both sides of said circuit board is simultaneously cured by ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A composite films which exhibit low oxygen transmission rates. The film comprises a silane resin coated on a plastic substrate then cured by ultraviolet radiation. For the silane coating, this invention relies on a class of organosilicon compounds derived from 1) organohydrogensilanes or organohydrogensiloxanes and 2) propargyl esters of carboxylic acids containing a terminal aromatic hydrocarbon radical, where the carbopropynoxy group of the ester and the aromatic hydrocarbon radical are separated by at least two adjacent ethylenically unsaturated carbon atoms. If more than two of these carbon atoms are present they form a sequence of conjugated ethylenic double bonds which allows the polymer to cross-link upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ultraviolet light curable coating composition having a shorter curing time and an excellent abrasion resistance, which comprises:(A) an aqueous-alcoholic base resin dispersion containing, based on the weight of the total solids present in the base resin dispersion,(a) 5 to 75% by weight of a colloidal silica and(b) 25 to 95% by weight of a partial condensate of a silanol of formula:R SI(OH).sub.3whereinR is a C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-20 aryl or hydroxy group; and(B) an ultraviolet light curable catalyst of formulaAr.sub.3 S.sup.+ MX.sub.n.sup.-whereinAr.sub.3 is a triphenyl, tri(4-methoxy)phenyl, tri(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl), diphenyl-2,5-dimethylphenyl or tri(4-methyl) phenyl group; andMX.sub.n.sup.- is a metallic halide anion.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing an improved barrier laminate structure composed of an oxygen barrier silicone coating on a paper or paperboard substrate. The process comprises hydrolyzing a silane formulation with water to form a corresponding silanol. A photoinitiator is added to the silanol to form an ultraviolet sensitive formulation. The formulation is coated onto a paper or paperboard substrate and allowed to dry. Once dryed, the formulation is exposed to ultraviolet radiation to form a cured formulation.

Abstract: A single or multilayer ceramic or ceramic-like coating process is provided which can be applied to heat sensitive substrates such as electronic devices. The process includes the steps of coating the substrate with a solution comprising a hydrogen silsesquioxane resin diluted in a solvent and then evaporating the solvent, thereby depositing a preceramic coating on the substrate. The preceramic coating is then ceramified to a silicon dioxide-containing ceramic by heating the preceramic coating to a temperature of between about 40.degree. to about 400.degree. C. in the presence of ozone which enhances the rate at which the ceramification proceeds and permits the ceramification of the coating to proceed at low temperatures. Additional layers of ceramic materials may be deposited over the initial layer and act as passivating and/or barrier protective layers.

Abstract: A coating composition which includes an ionizing radiation-polymerizable oligomer, an ionizing radiation-polymerizable monomer and a releasing agent. The composition has a viscosity regulated to 1000 cps or less, can be rapidly and continuously produced and has excellent surface characteristics. A process for forming a decorative material using the coating composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Organosilicon compounds with a siloxane portion and groups of the general formula --OR'OCH.dbd.CHR" (i) linked via an Si--O--C bond, wherein R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical or a group --R.degree.--(OR.degree.).sub.n --, wherein R.degree. is alkylene and n is from 1 to 12, R" is H or alkyl are useful in radiation curable compositions, in which they are mixed with an initiator. The compositions are particularly useful in UV radiation curable relase coatings.

Abstract: In forming a resist pattern by forming a resist film containing an acid generator on a spin on glass film or a silicon resin film and subsequent exposure of light, an inhomogeneous distribution of an acid in the resist film caused by the spin on glass film or the silicon resin film is remedied by adding an acid generator beforehand into the spin on glass film or the silicon resin film or by using an organic polymer containing an acid generator. As a result, a profile defect in a cross section of the resist pattern caused by inhomogeneous acid distribution is prevented and the resist pattern has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a photoconductor coupled liquid crystal valve comprising the step of; deposing a transparent electrode on a transparent substrate; forming on said transparent electrode a photoconductive layer formed of amorphous silicon by the ECR; forming on said photoconductive layer an optical shielding layer formed of amorphous silicon by the ECR; forming on said optical shielding layer an optical reflection layer; forming an orientation film on said optical reflection layer; laminating on said orientation film a transparent substrate having a transparent electrode and another orientation film stoked thereon by the above method in such a manner that the two orientation films face each other with a spacer interposed therebetween; and disposing liquid crystals into said spacer.

Abstract: A method for making an optical recording medium having an optically responsive polydiacetylene monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film is provided. In the method, a substrate having a hydrophilic surface is immersed in a solution, in organic solvent, of a substance containing a diacetylene group and an --Si--Cl group to form a monomolecular film of the substance on the substrate by chemical adsorption. The diacetylene groups are polymerized by energy beam irradiation to obtain the optically responsive polydiacetylene film. This medium is usable as a write-once or rewriteable medium.

Abstract: A fiber/resin composite whose resin phase is formed by at least initial actinic radiation curing of a resin composition comprising an actinic radiation curable first resin component and a second resin component which is non-cured under curing conditions effective for the first resin component. The actinic radiation exposure of the fiber/resin composition effects curing of the first resin component to immobilize the composite and impart structural integrity thereto, whereby the composite may be handled, packaged, or further processed. Filament wound, braided, and pultruded articles are described, together with associated methods for forming such articles by filament winding, braiding and pultrusion. As a specific embodiment, a solid fuel rocket motor is disclosed comprising a solid fuel body in a filament wound fiber-resin composite casing formed by filament winding of the solid fuel body with resin-impregnated filament or rovings thereof.

Abstract: A process gas atmosphere consisting essentially of (a) organosiloxanes and inert gas, or (b) pure silane or (c) silane plus inert gas is introduced into a vacuum chamber and exposed to microwaves to produce an electro-cyclotron resonance in a plasma for coating substrates. The process is useful for producing an adherent coating on a plastic substrate, especially an intermediate coating for a reflective coating in an automotive headlamp.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for forming a pattern coating, the method including the steps of:applying to a substrate a radiation curable composition containing a resin (a) which contains, per kilogram of said resin (a) about 1.5 to about 4.5 moles of a polyermizable unsaturated group, about 0.4 to about 2.5 moles of a carboxyl group and 0.2 to about 3.5 moles of a thioether group, the resin having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 50,000; selectively irradiating a portion of the applied coating with actinic rays; and subjecting the coating to development with an alkali aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the coating weight, uniformity, defects or markings present in a coating of a composition applied to a substrate comprises the steps:a) providing a substrate with a functional coating of a composition comprising an effective amount of uvescer that absorbs radiant energy, i.e., has an excitation energy, of wavelength .lambda..sub.1 and emits radiant energy of wavelength .lambda..sub.2 ;b) scanning the coating with radiant energy having a wavelength within wavelength .lambda..sub.1 ;c) detecting the radiant energy of wavelength .lambda..sub.2 emitted by the coating; andd) optionally, correlating the emitted radiant energy to independently measured standard coating weights or thicknesses, of the coating so as to measure coating weight, thickness, uniformity, defects, or markings.

Abstract: A UV-curable composition suitable for coating polycarbonate molded articles is disclosed. Accordingly the composition containsA) from 10 to 100% by weight of a polysiloxane which contains epoxy groups and is free from OH groups, and optionallyB) from 0 to 90% by weight of compounds other than A) which also contain epoxy groups and are free from OH groups, and/or optionallyC) from 0 to 40% by weight of compounds which are free from epoxy groups but contain hydroxyl groups, where components A)+B)+C) add up to 100% by weight, together withD) from 0.1 to 15% relative to the weight of A+B+C of photoinitiators and optionallyE) from 0 to 0.5% relative to the weight of A+B+C of sensitizers.In accordance with the invention , the composition is applied to the moldings of thermoplastic polycarbonates and then cured.

Abstract: A method of permanently modifying the surface of a substrate material so as to develop a microscopically smooth, biocompatible surface thereon comprises covalently grafting a biocompatible polymeric material to the surface of the substrate material by radio frequency plasma-induced grafting. The biocompatible polymeric material is preferably the same as the substrate material. In addition, a method of permanently modifying the surface of a substrate material comprises subjecting the substrate surface to radio frequency plasma sufficient to raise the temperature at the substrate material to just above the glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) of the substrate material for a time sufficient to produce a microscopically smooth, biocompatible surface on the substrate material. Further, a prosthesis used in mammals, including an intraocular lens, comprises a polymeric material core and a biocompatible polymeric material covalently grafted to the polymer core by radio frequency plasma induction.

Abstract: A method of making a UV curable hardcoat composition uses a strip-free process and produces hardcoats having good scribed tape-pull adhesion, high resistance to scratching and a low delta taber haze after abrading for 500 cycles with a 500 gram weight. UV curable hardcoat compositions are also provided which contain high solids contents and high mole percentages of photoinitiator. Compositions containing methoxypropanol as a water miscible alcohol and methylbenzoylformate as a photoinitiator exhibit high taber hardness and can be made by processes which obviate the need for a time and energy consuming solvent-strip step. The processes are not only shorter, but safer than processes which include a solvent-strip step.

Abstract: Related operations are performed on workpieces, e.g., coating and curing circuit boards, of different types in random order in assembly line fashion on a rotary table of an apparatus under programmed control. The table is rotated stepwise to move successive sections thereof from a load-unload station at which the respective workpieces are loaded and unloaded in random order, to a sensing station at which the type and orientation of the workpiece is sensed, next to an initial work station at which initial work, e.g., coating, is performed on the workpiece in dependence upon its type and orientation previously sensed at the sensing station, then to a subsequent work station at which related subsequent work is performed on the workpiece, e.g., curing of the coating, and in turn back to the load-unload station to complete a cycle. The workpiece is either changed in orientation on the table section for a repeat cycle to perform further work thereon or is replaced by another workpiece in random order.

Abstract: Novel siloxane copolymers are described having an average of at least two alkenyloxy groups of the formula--OCR.sup.2 .dbd.CH.sup.2 CH.sub.3,in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or a methyl radical.These siloxane copolymers are prepared by reacting in a first stage, an organic compound (1) containing more than two aliphatic double bonds of the formula OCHR.sup.2 CR.sup.2 =CH.sub.2 where R.sup.2 is the same as above, with an organopolysiloxane (2) having at least one Si-bonded hydrogen atom per molecule in the presence of a catalyst (3) which promotes addition of the Si-bonded hydrogen to an aliphatic double bond and in a second stage heating the siloxane copolymer in the presence of a catalyst (4) which promotes shifting of the terminal double bond to form copolymers having an internal double bond.

Abstract: Radiator-Curable coating compositions which form transparent, abrasion-resistant, tintable coatings upon curing by exposure to high intensity irradiation, such as ultraviolet light or electron beam irradiation. The coating composition comprises a combination of effective amounts of (a) colloidal silica, (b) the hydrolysis product of a silane compound having a polymerizable functional group such as acryloxy-functional silanes or glycidoxy-functional silanes or mixtures of both, (c) polyfunctional, polymerizable, non-acrylate-functional ethers, (d) at least one radiation sensitive initiator and, preferably, (e) a monofunctional monomer. When the surface of a substrate coated with the cured coating composition is immersed in a colored dye bath for a sufficient period of time, the coating absorbs or transmits to the substrate a desired amount of dye.

Abstract: An elastomeric composition having high resistance to laser radiation and to thermal radiation, which consists essentially of a phenylpolysiloxane and an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, boron nitride, and mixtures thereof, particularly titanium dioxide, in a proportion of about 10 to about 30 pats of the additive per 100 parts of the polysiloxane. When such elastomer composition is coated on an aerospace vehicle such as a missle, the composition then cured and subjected to high intensity laser radiation or thermal radiation, the composition forms a substantially white char which is effectively reflective to such radiation, thereby protecting such vehicle from the adverse effects of such radiation.

Abstract: An adhesion promoter for use with ultraviolet radiation curable siloxane composition is made by combining an alkoxysilicon compound of the formula(RO).sub.3 Si--X--Si(OR).sub.3and a compound capable of catalyzing the reaction between two alkoxy groups or an alkoxy group and a hydroxyl group. Ultraviolet radiation curable siloxane compositions with the improved adhesion are obtained by mixing the adhesion promoter with a mixture which has at least one ultraviolet radiation activatable siloxane polymer and a photoinitiator. These compositions can be used as optical fiber coatings, conformal coatings, and other coating application where adhesion to a substrate is important.

Abstract: An article capable of repeatedly releasing ice from its surface is provided. Also provided is a composition capable of providing such release. The article and composition employ a polysiloxane having terminal ethylenic unsaturation, a polyhydrosiloxane, a platinum- or other metal-containing hydrosilation catalyst, and optionally, a non-functional polysiloxane free from ethylenic unsaturation. When applied to a surface and crosslinked, the article has a coating having a coating weight of at least 3 g/m.sup.2.