Abstract: A process for controlling fatigue debit when coating an article includes the steps of: cleaning at least one surface of an article including a structural material; depositing a bond coat material upon at least one cleaned surface of the article to form a bond coat layer substantially free of the structural material; depositing an oxidation resistant material in the presence of an activator upon the bond coat layer at a temperature range from about 1,775° F. (968° C.) to about 1,825° F. (996° C.) to form an additive layer substantially free of the structural material; and wherein the bond coat layer and the additive layer together form a thin film, oxidation resistant coating having a thickness of at least about 0.5 mils.

Abstract: A process for applying an adhesion primer to a window. The process includes the steps of directing light (11) onto the window (10) to illuminate a portion (13) of the window and then applying an adhesion primer along the illuminated portion of the window. If the adhesion primer contains a component that evaporates, then the process can further include the step of forming an infrared image (19) of the window as the component evaporates to indicate the area of application (20) of the adhesion primer. If the adhesion primer contains a component that fluoresces when illuminated by ultraviolet light, then the process can further include the step of illuminating the window with ultraviolet light (22) to indicate the area of application (23) of the adhesion primer.

Abstract: A process for forming an asymmetric membrane comprises applying a polymer comprising electron beam reactive groups onto a porous base membrane to form a coating; irradiating the coated porous base membrane with a high energy source; and permanently grafting the electron beam reactive groups to the porous base membrane to form a coating that fills the pores of the membrane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to design, manufacture and structure a multi-component energy device having a unified structure, wherein the individual components are chosen from the list consisting of electrochemical cells, photovoltaic cells, fuel-cells, capacitors, ultracapacitors, thermoelectric, piezoelectric, microelectromechanical turbines and energy scavengers. Said components are organized into a structure to achieve an energy density, power density, voltage range, current range and lifetime range that the single components could not achieve individually, i.e. to say the individual components complement each other. The individual components form a hybrid structure, wherein the elements are in electrical, chemical and thermal conduction with each other.

Abstract: A lamp according to one or more embodiments includes a tube which forms a light-emitting space, an electrode main body which is disposed in the tube, and an emitter surface metal layer which includes an alkali metal oxide and/or an alkaline earth metal oxide, and covers the electrode main body. The emitter surface metal layer may include cesium (Cs) and may further include at least one selected from the group consisting of beryllium oxide (BeO), magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), strontium oxide (SrO), barium oxide (BaO), cesium oxide (CsO) and radium oxide (RaO). Therefore, discharge may be easily activated because of a high secondary electron emission coefficient. Thus, a light-emitting efficiency may be enhanced and dark start characteristics may be improved.

Abstract: The disclosure related to a method for making a nanowire structure. The method includes fabricating a free-standing carbon nanotube structure, introducing reacting materials into the carbon nanotube structure, and activating the reacting materials to grow a nanowire structure.

Abstract: Methods for depositing, at a very high deposition rate, a biaxially-textured film on a continuously moving metal tape substrate are disclosed. These methods comprise: depositing a film on the substrate with a deposition flux having an oblique incident angle of about 5° to about 80° from the substrate normal, while simultaneously bombarding the deposited film using an ion beam at an ion beam incident angle arranged along either a best ion texture direction of the film or along a second best ion texture direction of the film, thereby forming the biaxially-textured film, wherein a deposition flux incident plane is arranged parallel to a direction along which the biaxially-textured film has a fast in-plane growth rate. Superconducting articles comprising a substrate, a biaxially-textured film deposited on said substrate by said methods above; and a superconducting layer disposed on the biaxially-textured film are also disclosed.

Abstract: A piezo-electric film forming method includes (1) a first moving step of moving a nozzle with respect to a substrate along a first direction to form a first piezo-electric band extending along the first direction, (2) a measuring step of measuring thickness distribution along the width of the first piezo-electric band, (3) a calculating step of calculating a shifting distance based on the thickness distribution, (4) a shifting step of moving the nozzle with respect to the substrate along a second direction by the calculated shifting distance, wherein the second direction intersects with the first direction, and (5) a second moving step of moving the nozzle with respect to the substrate along the first direction to form a second piezo-electric band extending along the first direction. The piezo-electric film is formed such that the first piezo-electric band and the second piezo-electric band are overlapped.

Abstract: A transparent, electrically conductive composite includes a layer of molybdenum oxide or nickel oxide deposited on a layer of zinc oxide layer. The molybdenum component exists in a mixed valence state in the molybdenum oxide. The nickel component exists in a mixed valence state in the nickel oxide. The composite may be utilized in various electronic devices, including optoelectronic devices. In particular, the composite may be utilized as a transparent conductive electrode. As compared to conventional transparent conduct oxides such as indium tin oxide, the composite exhibits superior properties, including a higher work function.

Abstract: A method of making a layered component with an improved surface finish by a shape metal deposition process is provided. The method comprises the steps of discriminating a first set of vectors on an exterior portion of the component from a second set of vectors on an interior portion of the component, and depositing a layer of metal material based on the vectors discriminated at different rates, wherein the material is deposited on the exterior portion at a high resolution and a slow rate, and the material is deposited on the interior portion at a low resolution and a fast rate.

Abstract: A stator vane is provided that includes an airfoil and a coating. The airfoil comprises a polymer matrix fiber composite having a melting point, glass transition temperature, or maximum exposure temperature that is less than about 150° C. The coating is formed over the airfoil and comprises a material that is more erosion-resistant than the polymer matrix fiber composite, where the material is the selected from a group of constituents consisting of titanium, chromium, vanadium, and zirconium, and nitrides, carbides, mixed carbonitrides, oxides, oxynitrides, oxycarbides, and oxycarbonitrides thereof. Methods for making the stator vane are provided as well.

Abstract: A system for applying a target track material to an x-ray tube target includes a controller configured to direct a beam of energy toward an x-ray tube target, and direct a solid stock material toward the beam of energy to cause the solid stock material to melt and deposit as a melted material on the x-ray tube target.

Abstract: An article having a thermal barrier coating includes a superalloy substrate having a columnar grained ceramic coat formed thereon. The ceramic coat includes a nanolaminate region comprising repeating layers of ceramic material with each layer being less than 500 nm in thickness, with dispersions of metal oxide doping material situated between each of the layers. The ceramic coat further includes a non-doped region having a thickness greater than 500 nm adjacent to the nanolaminate region, the non-doped region including one layer or a plurality of adjacent layers of ceramic material without dispersions of metal oxide doping material situated between each of the layers. In one embodiment, and by way of example only, a bond coat is formed between the substrate and the columnar grained ceramic coat. According to another embodiment, the superalloy substrate forms an adherent alumina scale, and no bond coat is necessary.

Abstract: The present invention provides a titanium oxide photocatalytic thin film having a surface layer containing silicon oxide and titanium oxide and a production method for producing a titanium oxide photocatalytic thin film having a surface layer containing silicon oxide and titanium oxide and comprising a step of radiating excimer beam to the titanium oxide thin film while heating substrate on which the titanium oxide thin film is disposed in vacuum or gas atmosphere in the presence of a silicon-including compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a branched nanowire having parasitic nanowires grown at a surface of the branched nanowire, and a method for fabricating the same. The branched nanowire may be fabricated in a fractal form and seeds of the parasitic nanowires may be formed by thermal energy irradiation and/or a wet-etching process. The branched nanowire may effectively be used in a wide variety of applications such as, for example, sensors, photodetectors, light emitting elements, light receiving elements, and the like.

Abstract: A tip of an electron beam source includes a core carrying a coating. The coating is formed from a material having a greater electrical conductivity than a material forming the surface of the core.

Abstract: There are provided a method for imparting a high-durability function to a polymer formed article, which can efficiently impart various function-imparting agents to the polymer formed article, can decrease processing waste liquid as much as possible and recover the waste liquid and the function-imparting agents, can also reuse them as needed, and moreover, can impart the function-imparting agents to the polymer formed article by a continuous system, not by a batch system; and an apparatus thereof. A method for imparting a function to a polymer formed article, which comprises spraying a supercritical fluid to the polymer formed article to firmly fix a function-imparting agent to the polymer formed article.

Abstract: Optical information media containing a metal material layer and a carbon material layer are disclosed. The layering of the metal material layer and the carbon material layer are designed to reduce or eliminate problems associated with oxidation and berm formation during writing of data to the media.

Abstract: A method includes imparting energy to a target in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at room temperature to provide a substrate facing the target with a carbonaceous coating that includes nested carbon structures.

Abstract: An electron beam vapor deposition apparatus includes a coating chamber having a first chamber section with a first coating zone for depositing a first coating and a second chamber section with a second coating zone for depositing a second coating. At least one electron beam source is associated with the first chamber section and the second chamber section. A first crucible is adjacent to the first coating zone for presenting a first source coating material, and a second crucible is adjacent to the second coating zone for presenting a second source coating material. A transport is operative to move a work piece between the first coating zone of the first chamber section and the second coating zone of the second chamber section.

Abstract: A method to apply nano-crystalline diamond onto a selected substrate, including preparing Nanodiamond slurry of nanodiamond particles dispersed in a medium. The medium may include a liquid or a sol-gel. The selected substrate is immersed in the Nanodiamond slurry for a predetermined period of time. Then the substrate is removed from the slurry. The substrate is then dried with a flow of inert gas. The substrate is left coated with a coating of the nanodiamond particles that are highly adherently held by van der Waals forces.

Abstract: A method of growing a plurality of free-standing structures comprises providing a plurality of free-standing structures, each free-standing structure having a first end coupled to a substrate, and a terminal end; providing at least one laser beam, the laser beam having a beam waste at a point proximate to the terminal end of the free-standing structure; and moving one of the plurality of freestanding structures or the beam waste to provide a growth zone proximate to the terminal end of each of the free-standing structures such that the free-standing structures grow into the growth zones by addition of decomposing precursor components. The growth rates of each of the free-standing structures are substantially the same.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a field emission element, the method includes providing one supporting member and wrapping a carbon nanotube (CNT) film around an outer surface of the supporting member at least once. The CNT film includes a plurality of bundles of carbon nanotubes connected in series.

Abstract: A Si nanoparticle precursor, precursor fabrication process, and precursor deposition process are presented. The method for forming a silicon (Si) nanoparticle precursor provides a plurality of nanoparticle classes, including at least one Si nanoparticle class. The nanoparticles in each nanoparticle class are defined as having a predetermined diameter. A predetermined amount of each nanoparticle class is measured and combined. For example, a first Si nanoparticle class may be provided having a largest diameter and a second Si nanoparticle class having a second-largest diameter equal to about (0.43)×(the largest diameter). As another example, Si nanoparticle classes may foe provided having a diameter ratio of about 77:32:17.

Abstract: A method is provided of laser marking a graphic design in an unassembled multi-component structure. A graphic design to be laser marked in a multi-component structure is partitioned into a plurality of graphic design sections, with each of the graphic design sections being assigned to a corresponding component of the multi-component structure. The graphic design sections are laser marked in their corresponding components of the multi-component structure while the multi-component structure is in an unassembled state. The laser-marked components are adapted for assembly together into an assembled state in which the multi-component structure has a viewable expansive surface with the graphic design sections collectively simulating an overall appearance of a graphic design spanning across the corresponding components of the multi-component structure. A kit for assembling laser-marked components into a multi-component structure is also provided.

Abstract: A process of coating an article includes the steps of (1) applying a ceramic compound to at least one surface of an article to form a layer of ceramic compound; (2) applying at least one inert compound upon the ceramic compound layer to form a protective layer, wherein the at least one inert compound is composed of a first inert compound having a cubic crystalline structure of formula (I) A3B2X3O12, or a second inert compound comprising a hexagonal crystalline structure of formula (II) A4B6X6O26, or a mixture of the first inert compound and the second inert compound; (3) optionally drying the coated article; (4) optionally repeating steps (2) and (3); and (5) heat treating the coated article.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transparent conductive nanostructured thin-film by oblique-angle deposition and method of the same. An electron beam system is utilized to evaporate the target source. Evaporation substrate is disposed on a plurality of adjustable sample stage. Multiple gas control valve and heat source is provided to control the gas flow and temperature within the process chamber. An annealing process is performed after the evaporation to improve the thin-film structure and optoelectronic properties.

Abstract: A precursor composition for the deposition and formation of an electrical feature such as a conductive feature. The precursor composition advantageously has a low viscosity enabling deposition using direct-write tools. The precursor composition also has a low conversion temperature, enabling the deposition and conversion to an electrical feature on low temperature substrates. A particularly preferred precursor composition includes silver metal for the formation of highly conductive silver features.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing electrically conductive surfaces on a nonconductive substrate, comprising the following steps: a) transferring a dispersion containing electrolessly and/or electrolytically coatable particles from a support onto the substrate by irradiating the support with a laser, b) at least partially drying and/or curing the dispersion transferred onto the substrate, so as to form a base layer, c) electrolessly and/or electrolytically coating the base layer.

Abstract: Films of magnesium mixed with titanium are produced by non-equilibrium alloying processes such as electron beam evaporation of magnesium and titanium ingots in a very low pressure chamber. Such magnesium-titanium films form as single phase solid solutions. Titanium is inherently resistant to corrosion and its admixture with magnesium in solid solution provides a new composition that is less subject to intra-film galvanic corrosion. The magnesium-titanium films also provide relatively hard and strong coatings.

Abstract: The present invention provides polymeric substrates comprising a biocompatible coating and methods of preparation thereof. In particular, the coating may be a ceramic material, especially a calcium phosphate material, which may be functionally graded. The invention provides the ability to apply high quality coatings to polymeric substrates without damaging the substrate (e.g., melting the polymeric material). The functionally graded coating can provide crystalline calcium phosphate near the coating interface with the substrate and provide amorphous calcium phosphate at the outer surface of the coating.

Abstract: A vapor deposition apparatus capable of forming an organic thin film having a good film quality is provided. The vapor deposition apparatus of the present invention possesses an evaporating chamber and a vapor deposition case; and the vapor deposition case is connected with the evaporating chamber by a small hole. Since a vapor deposition material is fed into the evaporating chamber based on an amount necessary for each substrate, a large amount of the vapor deposition material is not heated for a long time period. Since the vapor deposition material is evaporated in the evaporating chamber, no liquid drops reach a substrate even during bumping. When the vapor deposition material is evaporated by irradiation with a laser beam, the vapor deposition material can be less chemically denatured.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern of electrical conductors on a receiving substrate (110) comprises forming metal nanoparticles of a conductive material. A donor substrate (45) is formed. A layer of release material (75) is deposited on a first side of the donor substrate. The metal nanoparticles are deposited on the release material. The metal nanoparticulate layer are placed in contact with the receiving substrate. A pattern is written on a sandwich formed by the donor substrate and the receiving substrate, causing metal nanoparticles from the nanoparticulate layer (90) to anneal and transfer to the receiving substrate to form the pattern of electrical conductors on the receiving substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an object, in particular a security element for security papers, bank notes, identity card or the like, as well as a security paper and a document of value with such a security element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing the object, in particular the security element or the security paper and the document of value with such a security element. The method in particular serves for manufacturing a precious-metal-coloured, preferably gold-coloured coating on a substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a deformable substrate with microstructured surface composed of applied material, wherein the applied material is configured as individual pixels which have been printed onto the substrate.

Abstract: A method of growing carbon nanotubes and a method of manufacturing a field emission device using the same is provided. The method of growing carbon nanotubes includes steps of preparing a substrate, forming a catalyst metal layer on the substrate to promote growing of carbon nanotubes, forming an inactivation layer on the catalyst metal layer to reduce the activity of the catalyst metal layer, and growing carbon nanotubes on a surface of the catalyst metal layer. Because the inactivation layer partially covers the catalyst metal layer, carbon nanotubes are grown on a portion of the catalyst metal layer that is not covered by the inactivation layer. Thus, density of the carbon nanotubes can be controlled. This method for growing carbon nanotubes can be used to make an emitter of a field emission device. The field emission device having carbon nanotube emitter made of this method has superior electron emission characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to metal oxide fibers and nanofibers, the processes for making same, and uses thereof. Such metal oxide nanofibers possess the ability to absorb and decompose chemical warfare agents and other toxic chemicals. These nanofibers can be incorporated into protective clothing and devices for breathing or in another example may be used in lithium-ion batteries. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to titania, alumina, and/or magnesia fibers and nanofibers, and to processes for making same. In another instance, alpha-phase aluminum oxide is utilized as one material in nanofibers.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite material, the method comprising: growing a layer of reinforcement; and impregnating the layer with a matrix. The reinforcement layer may be formed by a chemical vapour deposition process. The method can be used as an additive layer manufacturing technique to form a component with a desired shape and physical characteristics, or can be used to form a thin sheet material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forming components with thermal barrier coatings are provided. In this regard, a representative method includes: providing a component having a first side and an opposing second side; and using a preformed mask to obstruct vapors from being deposited on the second side of the component while moving the component relative to the vapors such that the vapors form a thermal barrier coating on the first side of the component.

Abstract: A method of printing an ink on a wafer surface configured with a set of non-rounded peaks and a set of non-rounded valleys is disclosed. The method includes exposing the wafer including at least some non-rounded peaks and at least some of the non-rounded valleys in a region to an etchant. The method further includes depositing the ink on the region, wherein a set of rounded peaks and a set of rounded valleys are formed.

Abstract: A one-step and room-temperature process for depositing nanoparticles or nanocomposite (nanoparticle-assembled) films of metal oxides such as crystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) onto a substrate surface using ultrafast pulsed laser ablation of Titania or metal titanium target. The system includes a pulsed laser with a pulse duration ranging from a few femtoseconds to a few tens of picoseconds, an optical setup for processing the laser beam such that the beam is focused onto the target surface with an appropriate average energy density and an appropriate energy density distribution, and a vacuum chamber in which the target and the substrate are installed and background gases and their pressures are appropriately adjusted.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible, biocompatible transparent sheet (8) which has high biocompatibility and a high ability to adsorb a biologically relevant substance, which can be used as a novel biomaterial, and which can be used to observe the propagation, differentiation, and/or the like of living cells in real time. The biocompatible transparent sheet (8) is produced in such a manner that a biocompatible ceramic film (2) is formed on a substrate (1) soluble in a solvent (11) incapable of dissolving biocompatible ceramics by using exemplary a laser ablation process, the substrate (1) depositing the film (2) is dipped in the solvent (11) and dissolved off, and the isolated film (2) is then dried. The biocompatible transparent sheet (8) is utilizable of producing a flexible cultured cell sheet which can be directly transplanted to an affected area. The cell sheet can be prepared in such a manner that cells are seeded on the biocompatible transparent sheet (8) and then propagated.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a reactive graphite-like layered material with high chemical reactivity while maintaining stability of a base material. In the preparation process according to this invention, first, the treatment for reducing the number of dangling bonds in the vicinity of the vacancy to form an introducing site is conducted by binding atoms together with each other, which atoms are adjacent to a vacancy in a graphite-like layered material. Then, atoms 3 and 4 to be introduced, i.e., a diatomic molecule made of atoms constituting the graphite-like layered material are introduced into the introducing site formed in advance. Then, new bonds are generated between introduced atoms 3, 4 and the graphite-like layered material.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrically-conductive inorganic coating includes depositing, on a substrate, a coating-precursor containing a plurality of inorganic particles and at least one kind of organic component by a liquid-phase method by using a material-liquid containing the inorganic particles and an organic solvent. The inorganic particles are coated with a dispersant binding to the surfaces of the inorganic particles by chemical bonds that can be broken by oxidation. Further, the method includes oxidizing the coating-precursor at a temperature exceeding 100° C., and that is less than or equal to the pyrolysis initiation temperature of an organic component that has the highest pyrolysis initiation temperature among the at least one kind of organic component and less than or equal to the heat-resistance temperature of the substrate, thereby breaking the chemical bonds to eliminate the dispersant from the surfaces, and decomposing the at least one kind of organic component.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method of suspending a graphene membrane across a gap in a support structure includes attaching graphene to a substrate. A pre-fabricated support structure having the gap is attached to the graphene. The graphene and the pre-fabricated support structure are then separated from the substrate which leaves the graphene membrane suspended across the gap in the pre-fabricated support structure. An embodiment of a method of depositing material includes placing a support structure having a graphene membrane suspended across a gap under vacuum. A precursor is adsorbed to a surface of the graphene membrane. A portion of the graphene membrane is exposed to a focused electron beam which deposits a material from the precursor onto the graphene membrane. An embodiment of a graphene-based structure includes a support structure having a gap, a graphene membrane suspended across the gap, and a material deposited in a pattern on the graphene membrane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for laser cladding of a curved surface comprising: (a) an elongated arm having first and second ends and defining a chamber through the arm from the first end to the second end; (b) a laser delivery source connected to a focusing lens mounted in a housing within an opening on the first end of the arm for delivering a laser beam through the chamber; (c) a delivery head mounted on the second end of the arm comprised of (i) an enclosure having an inlet for receiving the laser and an outlet for delivering the laser to the curved surface, (ii) a powder nozzle for delivering a cladding powder to an inner surface of the curved surface, and (iii) a reflective surface for reflecting the laser to exit through the outlet; (d) mounting means for rotating the curved surface for the cladding of the curved surface; and (e) indexing means for moving the arm substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the curved surface so as to clad the curved surface during the rotation of

Abstract: A turbine component formed from a niobium silicide-based composition is described. The component can be compositionally-graded through at least a portion of its structure. A turbine blade formed from a composition which includes a niobium silicide alloy is also described. The blade includes an airfoil; an airfoil tip region; a platform on which the airfoil is mounted; and a dovetail root attached to an underside of the platform. The niobium silicide alloy in at least one portion of the turbine blade is compositionally different from the niobium silicide alloy in another portion of the blade. Processes for fabricating a niobium silicide-based turbine article are also described, using laser cladding techniques. Repair methods are also set forth in the application.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coating particles of a plastic, metal and/or ceramic powder material for producing an adhesive-containing coating material, in particular for producing appropriate particles by compressing a 3D binder. Said coating is applied to fluidized particles in a gaseous phase by means of a coating solution, at least the particles and/or coated particles being exposed to ionized particles. A method for producing bodies or sintered bodies from organic liquid binders by compressing the 3D binder and the use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a method of manufacturing a light-emitting device, which improves use efficiency of an evaporation material and increases accuracy in forming an evaporated pattern by using an evaporation donor substrate by which a material layer to be a transfer layer is prevented from being excessively evaporated and a desired evaporated pattern can be formed. In a method of manufacturing an evaporation donor substrate, a first substrate which is an evaporation donor substrate is irradiated with first light (laser light) through a second substrate which is a mask substrate, whereby a material layer over the first substrate is patterned. In addition, in a method of manufacturing a light-emitting device, the first substrate provided with the material layer which is patterned by the above method is irradiated with second light, whereby the material layer can be evaporated onto a third substrate which is a deposition target substrate.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer structured particle which can transmit or reflect light having a specific wavelength selectively within a wide range and a simple and easy method for producing the same. The multilayer structured particle of the present invention is characterized in that a central layer (L0) is provided as a core and two or more layers (Ln) are disposed concentrically with respect to the center of the core, wherein every pair of adjacent layers has a refractive index difference of from 0.01 to 1.5 and at least one layer of the central layer (L0) and the layers (Ln) is a metal oxide layer (M).