Magnetic Field Or Force Utilized Patents (Class 427/598)
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Patent number: 6447855Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for dusting smooth or sheet-like products, comprising at least one duster for spraying an air/powder mixture on said products. In order to ensure efficient dusting with no dirt accumulation in the printer or the surrounding area, it is suggested that part of the powder particles be magnetized and means be provided for creating a magnetic field in the powder deposit area so that said powder particles are subjected to a force drawing them towards the product.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 2000Date of Patent: September 10, 2002Assignee: Weitmann & Konrad GmbH & Co. KGInventors: Reiner Haas, Günther Hess
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Publication number: 20020122873Abstract: In one aspect, a method of nanolithography is provided using a driving force to control the movement of a deposition compound from a scanning probe microscope tip to a substrate. Another aspect of the invention provides a tip for use in nanolithography having an internal cavity and an aperture restricting movement of a deposition compound from the tip to the substrate. The rate and extent of movement of the deposition compound through the aperture is controlled by a driving force.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 28, 2002Publication date: September 5, 2002Inventors: Chad A. Mirkin, Seunghun Hong, Vinayak P. Dravid
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Publication number: 20020114900Abstract: A method for modifying a porous mechanical component by using an ER or MR substance including the steps of providing at least one porous component having a porosity sufficient to receive the MR substance within a plurality of pores and impregnating the component with the MR substance.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 18, 2002Publication date: August 22, 2002Applicant: Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Norman Szalony
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Patent number: 6428860Abstract: A method for impregnating a porous surface with a magneto-rheological substance includes the steps of providing a porous surface with a porosity sufficient to receive the magneto-rheological substance within the pores and covering a portion of one side of the porous surface with the magneto-rheological substance. The method further includes the step of providing a magnet on the opposite side of the porous surface to apply a magnetic field and draw the magneto-rheological substance into the porous surface.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 2001Date of Patent: August 6, 2002Assignee: Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Norman Szalony
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Publication number: 20020094389Abstract: A simple, relatively inexpensive, yet effective PLD method is provided for forming extremely clean films with reduced particulate densities and size. A PLD system is used for producing the thin films and includes a PLD chamber wherein a laser beam ablates a target material creating an ionized plasma plume of ions and electrons which is diverted and deposited onto a substrate using a confinement magnet and a deflection magnet. Each of the confinement magnet and the deflection magnet generates an axial magnetic field which is generally parallel to the laser beam plume ejection direction. The charged constituents of the plume are influenced by the magnetic fields and are thus deflected to the substrate, while the larger atomic clusters and particulates are advantageously not deflected. An electric field can also be used to aid in the deflection of the charged plume species. The electric field can be separately modulated to control the film deposition onto the substrate.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2002Publication date: July 18, 2002Applicant: Research Foundation of the City University of New YorkInventor: Fred J. Cadieu
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Patent number: 6416824Abstract: A method of deposing a carbon-containing substance in the pores of a porous body comprises establishing an open varying magnetic field flux loop and placing the body such that a magnetic field flux generated by the open magnetic field flux loop passes through a region of said body and heats that region, creating a thermal gradient across the body and bringing a thermally decomposable carbon-containing gas into contact with the heated region, thereby depositing a carbon-containing substance in the pores if said heated region.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2000Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignee: Dunlop AerospaceInventors: Ronald Fisher, Alan Frank Tibbatts
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Patent number: 6403169Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides a method of producing a security document, including the steps of: (a) forming a sheet-like substrate of plastics material having first and second opposing surfaces, (b) coating a first layer of polymer material containing magnetic particles on the first opposing surface, (c) melting at least a portion of the first layer such that the magnetic particles can orient under the influence of a magnetic field, (d) applying the magnetic field so as to form a magnetic watermark, and (e) allowing the first layer portion to cool so as to fix the orientation of the magnetic particlesType: GrantFiled: March 13, 2000Date of Patent: June 11, 2002Assignee: Securency Pty Ltd.Inventors: Bruce Alfred Hardwick, Gary Power
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Patent number: 6379747Abstract: A method and an apparatus for forming a thin film are provided to achieve precise control of a film thickness. In a thin film forming apparatus a shutter provided between a target and a substrate is rotated a plurality of times during a film forming process so that a slit of the shutter passes between the target and the substrate a plurality of times. A thin film forming substance thereby arrives at the substrate from the target a plurality of times in an intermittent manner. A thin film having a predetermined thickness is thus formed on the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1998Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: TDK CorporationInventor: Junichi Sato
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Patent number: 6375860Abstract: The occurrence of internally-formed contaminants or negatively-charged particulates within a plasma is minimized by preventing such from becoming trapped in the plasma. The plasma is formed in a plasma chamber having control electrodes and reference electrodes. The control electrodes are biased with a negative potential. The plasma assumes a potential more positive than the control electrodes. The reference electrodes are then biased to be more positive than the plasma. Hence, negative ions or negatively-charged particulates in the plasma are attracted to the more positive reference electrodes, and thus escape the plasma without being trapped therein, and are not available to serve as nucleation or agglomeration points for contaminants. A pair of Helmholtz coils produce a magnetic field having magnetic field lines that run longitudinally between the control electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1995Date of Patent: April 23, 2002Assignee: General AtomicsInventors: Tihiro Ohkawa, Stanley I. Tsunoda
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Patent number: 6368673Abstract: A method for forming a conductive thin film on an insulating substrate, particularly, a method for selectively heating to conductive thin film on an insulating substrate by using of an induced current is disclosed. The method for forming a conductive thin film on an insulating substrate is characterized by installing a heating means at a predetermined distance from the insulating substrate in a vacuum chamber or on a surface of the insulating substrate opposite to a surface to be formed the conductive thin film for generating Joule heat by inducing currents on the conductive thin film generated by a means for generating alternating magnetic fluxes due to current change and selective heating of the conductive thin film by the heating means during forming the conductive thin film. The selective heating and accelerating particles to be formed the conductive thin film are executed simultaneously or alternatingly.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2000Date of Patent: April 9, 2002Assignee: ITM Platron Co., Inc.Inventor: Yong-Woon Seo
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Patent number: 6355313Abstract: A hollow work having a hole communicating with the outside and a fine metal powder producing material are placed into a treating vessel, where the fine metal powder producing material is brought into flowing contact with the surface of the work, thereby adhering a fine metal powder produced from the fine metal powder producing material to the surface of the work. The hollow work may be a ring-shaped bonded magnet. Thus, a film having an excellent corrosion resistance can be formed without use of a third component such as a resin and a coupling agent by providing an electric conductivity to the entire surface of the magnet, i.e., not only to the outer surface (including end faces) but also to the inner surface of the magnet and subjecting the magnet to an electroplating treatment.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2000Date of Patent: March 12, 2002Assignee: Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kohshi Yoshimura, Takeshi Nishiuchi, Fumiaki Kikui
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Patent number: 6342273Abstract: The invention relates to a process for coating a substrate with a powder paint composition. The powder paint particles are first charged by friction or induction in the presence of magnetic or nonmagnetic particles, are next transported and are then applied to the substrate or applied to a transfer medium and subsequently transferred to the substrate, by means of an electric field between the substrate respectively the transfer medium and the means of transport whereafter the ponder paint composition is cured or fused to obtain a powder coating.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2000Date of Patent: January 29, 2002Assignees: DSM N.V., Michael Huber Munchen GmbHInventors: Johannes W. H. Handels, Paulus A. M. Steeman, Detlef Schulze-Hagenest, Burkard Huber, Tosko A. Misev, Jorg Buchweitz
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Publication number: 20020007784Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a metallic coating on an object (4) emerging from a bath of molten metal (5). The object can for example be a wire or a plate. A magnetic field is created near the point of exit of the object. The object leaves the bath of molten metal via an exit channel (3) containing a meniscus of the said bath of molten metal. The thickness of the metallic coating is controlled as a function of the second derivative of the curve of the meniscus (6) and of a capillary number Ca representing the ratio between the viscous forces of the molten metal and the forces of surface tension at the surface of the molten metal.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 28, 2001Publication date: January 24, 2002Inventors: Gerald Sanchez, Jose Delot
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Publication number: 20020004106Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and effect transport and separation of different species of materials. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, a cell, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities. Some composites can be used to make a dual sensor for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a redox species and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 8, 2001Publication date: January 10, 2002Inventors: Johna Leddy, Sudath Amarasinghe
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Patent number: 6331330Abstract: Methods for depositing a material onto a substrate include the steps of: feeding a material solution including one or more precursor compounds, a solvent and a pH-modifying catalyst to an outlet to provide a stream of droplets of the material solution; generating an electric field to electrostatically attract the droplets from the outlet towards the substrate; and providing an increase in temperature between the outlet and the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1998Date of Patent: December 18, 2001Assignee: Imperial College of Science, Technology, and MedicineInventors: Kwang-Leong Choy, Wei Bai
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Patent number: 6329025Abstract: The present invention provides a method for depositing powder particles on a substrate. The method comprises forming a planar plasma armature, accelerating the plasma armature, accelerating a column of gas with the plasma armature; and accelerating the powder particles with the column of gas. The present invention provides for a railgun, comprising first and second conducting rails, and first and second insulating rails. The insulating and conducting rails form a bore of the railgun. The first and second conducting rails are separated by the insulating rails. At least one of the rails has a port in the wall thereof, the port is adapted to introducing powder particles into the bore.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1998Date of Patent: December 11, 2001Assignee: University of Texas System Board of RegentsInventors: James L. Bacon, Darwin G. Davis, Robert L. Sledge, Robert J. Polizzi, John R. Uglum, Jr., William F. Weldon, Raymond C. Zowarka
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Patent number: 6294224Abstract: A non-magnetic substance particle arrangement method is provided which can regularly arrange non-magnetic substance particles such as abrasive particles very easily and very cost effectively and can be applied to techniques such as micro grinding work, micro component assembly, and micro decorating work. The method includes the steps of: coating a magnetic fluid mixed with the non-magnetic substance particles on a surface of a magnetic recording medium recorded with a magnetic pattern; and applying a uniform d.c. magnetic field or an a.c. magnetic field superposed upon the d.c. magnetic field to the surface of the magnetic recording medium to form the non-magnetic substances in an in-plane of the magnetic recording medium or cubically on the magnetic recording medium.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1998Date of Patent: September 25, 2001Assignee: Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Government Agency of JapanInventors: Jun Akedo, Tetsuya Suto
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Patent number: 6274022Abstract: A method for producing electro- or electroless-deposited-film, in which the crystal orientation of the film is controlled to provide improved product properties. A paramagnetic material or diamagnetic material in its electrolytic-state is deposited on a substrate by an electro- or electroless-deposition process. A magnetic field having an intensity at least on the order of 7 T is applied in a predetermined direction, so as to perform the deposition in environment added with the magnetic field. A porous plate is preferably arranged adjacent to the substrate, for suppressing flow of an electrolytic liquid that may occur during the application of the magnetic field.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1999Date of Patent: August 14, 2001Assignee: Nagoya UniversityInventors: Shigeo Asai, Kensuke Sassa, Takahisa Taniguchi
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Patent number: 6274205Abstract: Process for the at least partial direct coating of an extensible backing material with a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, the backing material being guided by a transporting apparatus against a coating apparatus in such a way that the coating apparatus applies the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition to the backing material, characterized in that the coating apparatus is abhesively treated.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 1998Date of Patent: August 14, 2001Assignee: Beiersdorf AGInventors: Peter Himmelsbach, Peter Jauchen, Klaus Keite-Telgenbüscher, Matthias Lehder
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Publication number: 20010006709Abstract: A method of depositing a carbon-containing substance in the pores of a porous body comprises establishing an open varying magnetic field flux loop and placing the body such that a magnetic field flux generated by the open magnetic field flux loop passes through a region of said body and heats that region, creating a thermal gradient across the body and bringing a thermally decomposable carbon-containing gas into contact with the heated region, thereby depositing a carbon-containing substance in the pores of said heated region.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2000Publication date: July 5, 2001Applicant: DUNLOP AEROSPACE LIMITEDInventors: Ronald Fisher, Alan Frank Tibbatts
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Patent number: 6248434Abstract: The invention concerns a composite body consisting of a hard metal, cermet or ceramic substrate body and at least one layer of a mechanically resistant material, a ceramic substance, a diamond-like layer, amorphous carbon and/or hexagonal boron nitride. The invention also concerns a method of producing this composite body, wherein, when the green compact has been dewaxed, with its pores still open and whilst it continues to be heated as from a temperature of between 600° C. and 1100° C., it is acted upon by sublimable solids and/or reaction gases which are necessary for coating purposes. The temperature of the green compact is then further increased and the latter is fully compressed by sintering, before one or more layers of the above-mentioned type is/are applied.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1999Date of Patent: June 19, 2001Assignee: Widia GmbHInventors: Klaus Rödiger, Hartmut Westphal, Klaus Dreyer, Thorsten Gerdes, Monika Willert-Porada
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Publication number: 20010002289Abstract: Process for the at least partial, direct coating of an extensible backing material with a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, the backing material being guided by a transporting apparatus against a coating apparatus in such a way that the latter applies the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition to the backing material, characterized in that there are adhesion devices or holding devices present on the transporting apparatus so that the properties of the backing are not altered in the course of coating.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 4, 1998Publication date: May 31, 2001Inventors: PETER HIMMELSBACH, PETER JAUCHEN, KLAUS KEITE-TELGENBUSCHER, MATTHIAS LEHDER
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Patent number: 6194022Abstract: A process for stabilizing strip in a plant for coating strip material, in which a metal strip is taken through a container holding molten coating material that has, below the melt surface, a through channel, in which induction currents are induced by an electromagnetic travelling field in the coating material and, in interaction with the electromagnetic travelling field, generate an electromagnetic force to retain the coating material. In the region of the through channel, a controllable magnetic field superimposed on the modulation of the electromagnetic travelling field is applied, whose field strength and/or frequency are adjustable as a function of sensor-detected position of the strip in the coating channel.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1998Date of Patent: February 27, 2001Assignee: Mannesmann AktiengesellschaftInventor: Eckart Schunk
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Patent number: 6190589Abstract: A molded magnetic article and fabrication method are provided. Particles of ferromagnetic material embedded in a polymer binder are molded under heat and pressure into a geometric shape. Each particle is an oblate spheroid having a radius-to-thickness aspect ratio approximately in the range of 15-30. Each oblate spheroid has flattened poles that are substantially in perpendicular alignment to a direction of the molding pressure throughout the geometric shape.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2000Date of Patent: February 20, 2001Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventors: Robert G. Bryant, Min Namkung, Russell A. Wincheski, Robert L. Fox
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Patent number: 6180226Abstract: The present invention provides a number of interrelated methods for the production of random and ordered arrays of particles and recesses as well as films containing such arrays and recesses. The present invention also relates to the random and ordered arrays of particles and films prepared therefrom. The ordered arrays are obtained by the use of ferrofluid compositions which may be curable, solidifiable on non-curing/non-solidifiable. The arrays and films may contain electrically-conductive particles useful in electronic applications for effecting contact between leads or pads.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1998Date of Patent: January 30, 2001Assignee: Loctite (R&D) LimitedInventors: Ciaran B. McArdle, Joseph Burke, Edward K. Welch, II
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Patent number: 6127002Abstract: The present invention provides pressure-sensitive adhesive beads that comprise a tacky pressure-sensitive adhesive core and a non-tacky shell material that surrounds the area wherein the beads are capable of being positioned via magnetic means. The present invention also provides method(s) of preparing adhesive coated substrates using pressure-sensitive adhesive bead(s) that are magnetically responsive, electrostatically responsive, or both by using magnetic forces, electrostatic forces or both.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1997Date of Patent: October 3, 2000Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Joseph P. Callahan, Jr., Rudyard M. Enanoza, Michael S. Groess, Mark D. Weigel
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Patent number: 6126790Abstract: An electromagnet assembly magnetically orients a thin magnetic film deposited onto a surface of a substrate. The magnetic orientation can take place in a low-pressure processing environment such as during the deposition of the thin magnetic film or during a subsequent operation such as annealing. The electromagnet assembly includes a plate-shaped core located adjacent to the substrate and two or more electromagnetic coils that are wrapped in different directions around the core. Electrical currents conveyed through the electromagnetic coils are controlled for orienting a substantially uniaxial magnetic field throughout a range of angular positions in a plane of the substrate surface.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 2000Date of Patent: October 3, 2000Assignee: CVC Products, Inc.Inventors: Mehrdad M. Moslehi, Shiyuan Cheng, Cecil J. Davis, Dorian Heimanson
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Patent number: 6120856Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for the manufacture of magnetically responsive particles, also called ferrofluids. The improved method involves a heat treatment step, which may occur at various times during the preparation of the materials, including during subdivision of the magnetic starting material, during the addion of a coating material, after formation of a magnetically responsive particle, or some combination thereof. The materials formed by such a process have numerous advantages over materials formed by other processes, including enhanced salt stability, increased coating uptake, and increased binding capacity. These ferrofluids have applications in a variety of preparative and diagnostic techniques, including immunoassay, cell separations, toxicity testing, food testing, environmental analysis, and MRI.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1997Date of Patent: September 19, 2000Assignee: Immunivest CorporationInventors: Paul A. Liberti, Galla C. Rao, Joseph N. Chiarappa
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Patent number: 6110538Abstract: A method of making rotating element sheet material utilizing magnetic latching is provided. The first step is providing a sheet of sheet material comprising a substrate with a surface and rotatable elements disposed therein. The elements each have an optical and electrical anisotropy, and comprise at least two portions. One of the portions is magnetizable. After the magnetizable portions have been oriented in a common direction, they are magnetized substantially uniformly. The elements can be oriented such that the magnetized portions are disposed towards the surface of the substrate. A layer of hardenable mixture containing a plurality of magnetic particles is then applied to the surface of the substrate. The hardenable liquid is kept liquid for a period of time to allow the migration magnetic particles to the area of the layer in the vicinity of the magnetized portions of the rotatable elements.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1998Date of Patent: August 29, 2000Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Nicholas K. Sheridon
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Patent number: 6110539Abstract: A method for creating a magnetically permeable film on a substrate surface by deposition of successive layers of a magnetic material, during deposition of each layer a magnetic field being provided near said surface having a field direction substantially parallel to the surface. In order to tune the permeability of the magnetic material the method builds up the magnetically permeable film by forming each layer by depositing a ferromagnetic material to a thickness maximally corresponding to substantially ##EQU1## where L.sub.ex is equal to ##EQU2## with A being the exchange constant of the ferromagnetic material and K.sub.u being the uniaxial anisotropy constant, and changing the magnetic field direction during formation of said layer by an angle other than substantially 180.degree..Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1999Date of Patent: August 29, 2000Assignee: U.S. Philips CorporationInventors: Pascal J.H. Bloemen, Jacobus J.M. Ruigrok
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Patent number: 6103361Abstract: Smooth, patterned substrates useful in producing decorative cookware are formed by coating a base with a mixture of fluoropolymer and magnetic flakes and magnetically inducing an image in the polymer coating composition. The baked fluoropolymer release coating contains magnetizable flakes, a portion of the flakes being oriented in the plane of the substrate and a portion of said flakes being magnetically reoriented to form a pattern in the coating which is observed in reflected light, the flakes having a longest dimension which is greater than the thickness of said coating. The patterned substrate is formed by applying magnetic force through the edges of a magnetizable die positioned under a coated base to induce an imaging effect or pattern. The coating composition is then cured resulting in a smooth surface, patterned nonstick finish on the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1998Date of Patent: August 15, 2000Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Kenneth Batzar, Jeffrey Hugh Hamilton, Alan C. Herzer, Thomas J. Leck, Christopher Mark Rey
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Patent number: 6083572Abstract: A method of forming a low-dielectric constant film on a substrate. The method includes placing the substrate within a plasma processing chamber. Gas within the chamber is removed. A combination of hydrocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon gasses are flowed into the chamber. A high density plasma is created in the chamber. The high density plasma is extinguished. Finally, all gas is removed from the chamber. The method can additionally include a heating step after the film has been formed.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1998Date of Patent: July 4, 2000Assignee: Hewlett-Packard CompanyInventors: Jeremy A. Theil, Gary W. Ray, Karen L. Seaward, Francoise F. Mertz
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Patent number: 6074707Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a magnetoresistive element in which a laminate including a free ferromagnetic layer in which at least magnetization is freely rotated according to an external magnetic field, a non-magnetic layer, and a pinned ferromagnetic layer in which reversal of magnetization is pinned is formed, and is heat-treated for setting different directions of the easy axis of magnetization of the free ferromagnetic layer and the pinned ferromagnetic layer under different conditions. In the heat treatment, first annealing is performed at the predetermined temperature in a magnetic field applied in a first direction, and second annealing is performed in a magnetic field applied in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction so that the easy axis of magnetization of the free ferromagnetic layer is substantially perpendicular to that of the pinned ferromagnetic layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1998Date of Patent: June 13, 2000Assignee: Alps Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yukie Nakazawa, Masamichi Saito, Naoya Hasegawa, Akihiro Makino
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Patent number: 6055929Abstract: Methods and devices for producing plasmas of more uniform density and greater height than plasmas generated by previously known magnetron-type plasma-generating devices. The present invention utilizes electrodes containing multiple magnets positioned such that like magnetic poles of the magnets are all facing in substantially the same direction.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1999Date of Patent: May 2, 2000Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Ing-Feng Hu
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Patent number: 6037019Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for adhering a powder to a substrate. The process includes the steps of: a) providing an oscillating magnetic field, b) continuously introducing into the magnetic field coating material, a substrate, and a means of affixing the coating material to the substrate by forming a fluidized bed of at least the coating material and providing sufficient force to cause the coating material to adhere to the surface of the substrate, and c) continuously collecting the coated substrate.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1998Date of Patent: March 14, 2000Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Richard L. Kooyer, William A. Hendrickson
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Patent number: 6001430Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect film is disclosed. This magnetoresistance effect film comprises a substrate, at least two ferromagnetic thin films stacked one over the other on the substrate with a non-magnetic thin film interposed therebetween, and an antiferromagnetic thin film arranged adjacent to one of the ferromagnetic thin films. The antiferromagnetic thin film is a superlattice formed of at least two oxide antiferromagnetic materials selected from NiO, Ni.sub.x Co.sub.1-x O (0.1.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.9) and C.sub.o O. A biasing magnetic field Hr applied to the one ferromagnetic thin film located adjacent the antiferromagnetic thin film is greater than coercive magnetic force Hc.sub.2 of the other ferromagnetic thin film.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1998Date of Patent: December 14, 1999Assignee: NEC CorporationInventors: Jun-ichi Fujikata, Kazuhiko Hayashi, Hidefumi Yamamoto, Kunihiko Ishihara
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Patent number: 5965220Abstract: An installation for coating the surface of a web of material with a paste. A printing screen has a doctor blade lying within for applying the print paste through holes in the printing screen onto the web. A counter roll cooperates with an electromagnet to producing a controllable level of contact pressure of the doctor blade against the printing screen. The roll body of the counter roll is provided with a coating that has piezoelectric elements and is divided into sections specific to the width, each section being individually controllable. This permits dynamic control of the application of paste over the width of the web.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1998Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignee: Firma Carl FreudenbergInventor: Gerhard Schopping
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Patent number: 5965210Abstract: A hot dip coating apparatus and method, enables stable and continuous production of a coated steel strip having a high degree of uniformity of the coating quality over the breadth of the steel strip and clean coated surfaces free of deposition of dross. The hot dip coating apparatus has a bottom slit through which a steel strip to be coated is introduced and pulled upward through the coating tank, and an electromagnetic sealing device which applies a magnetic field to the molten metal in the coating tank so as to hold the molten metal inside the tank. The coating tank is provided at its top with an overflow dam for allowing the molten metal to overflow out of the coating tank. The apparatus also has a molten metal supply system which produces a circulating flow of the molten metal through the coating tank. The molten metal supply system has molten metal buffers which communicate with a molten metal supply passage and from which the molten metal is discharged towards the steel strip.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1997Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignees: Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Masahiko Tada, Chiaki Kato, Toshitane Matsukawa, Kazumasa Mihara, Kenichi Unoki
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Patent number: 5961729Abstract: A vacuum arc evaporation method of disposing a vacuum arc evaporation source and a substrate in a vacuum chamber, and introducing ions generated by arc discharge on the surface of the vacuum arc evaporation source to the substrate by means of magnetic fields, thereby forming a film, wherein the substrate is cleaned before forming the film by generating the arc disc while supplying a gas mixture of a nitrogen gas and an argon gas, a xenon gas, or a gas mixture of nitrogen gas and a xenon gas in the vacuum chamber. A film with improved adhesion and surface roughness can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1996Date of Patent: October 5, 1999Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko ShoInventor: Koichiro Akari
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Patent number: 5962082Abstract: The present invention provides a process for adhering a liquid to a particulate substrate. The process comprises the steps of:a) providing an apparatus which can create an oscillating magnetic field within a chamber,b) providing particulate magnetic material within the chamber of said apparatus while said oscillating field is active,c) having in the chamber within the oscillating magnetic field a liquid coating material and a particulate substrate to be coated with said liquid,d) and having said magnetic field form a fluidized bed of at least said particulate magnetic material, said liquid coating material coating the surface of the particulate substrate, ande) optionally continuously collecting the coated particulate substrate.The particulate magnetic material may be added to the chamber before or after the magnetic field has been activated to oscillate.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1997Date of Patent: October 5, 1999Assignee: Aveka, Inc.Inventors: William A. Hendrickson, James Abbott
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Patent number: 5916641Abstract: The present invention provides for a number of interrelated methods for the production of random and ordered arrays of particles as well as films containing the same. In another aspect, the present invention relates to the random and ordered arrays of particles and films prepared therefrom. The ordered arrays are obtained by the use of ferrofluid compositions which may be curable, solidifiable or non-curing/non-solidifiable. Especially preferred arrays and films contain electrically conductive particles for use in electronic applications for effecting contact between leads or pads.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1996Date of Patent: June 29, 1999Assignees: Loctite (Ireland) Limited, Loctite CorporationInventors: Ciaran B. McArdle, Joseph Burke, Edward K. Welch, II
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Patent number: 5900284Abstract: Methods and devices for producing plasmas of more uniform density and greater height than plasmas generated by previously known magnetron-type plasma-generating devices. The present invention utilizes electrodes containing multiple magnets positioned such that like magnetic poles of the magnets are all facing in substantially the same direction.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1997Date of Patent: May 4, 1999Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Ing-Feng Hu
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Patent number: 5895691Abstract: A magnetic conveyor system for transporting ferro-magnetic cans through an immersion or electro-immersion coating bath includes a magnetic infeed conveyor for transporting the cans toward an inlet end of the coating bath, a magnetic coating conveyor for removing the cans from the infeed conveyor and transporting them through the coating bath, and a magnetic outfeed conveyor for removing the cans from the coating conveyor at an outlet end of the coating bath. The magnetic coating conveyor includes an endless conveyor belt which defines inclined inlet and outlet runs relative to a surface of the coating bath. The cans are transported on the conveyor belt with a closed bottom of each can magnetically held to the conveyor belt and an open top of each can facing outwardly from the belt. The cans are transported into the coating bath at the inlet run with the closed bottom of each can entering the bath before the open top.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1998Date of Patent: April 20, 1999Assignee: Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc.Inventors: Bryan R. Boger, Joseph G. Vanden-Eynden
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Patent number: 5885667Abstract: A protective mask is formed of an annular magnetic sheet. Such a sheet may be used to cover annular surfaces to be protected. Adhesive is formed on one side of the sheet. In use, a fluid impervious sheet is adhered to the first side and across the central opening of the annular magnetic sheet. A method of protecting a metallic workpiece during treatment, the metallic workpiece having a portion to be protected during treatment, for example a raised face of a flanged pipe, the method comprising the steps of magnetically attaching a protective mask to the portion of the metallic workpiece to be protected, the protective mask being formed of an annular magnetic sheet and treating the workpiece, such as by painting or sandblasting. A method of protecting a pipe during transportation of the pipe, the pipe having a flanged pipe end and a pipe bore, the method comprising the steps of magnetically attaching a circular protective sheet to the flanged pipe end over the pipe bore; and transporting the pipe.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1997Date of Patent: March 23, 1999Inventor: Richard Calfat
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Patent number: 5876848Abstract: A method of forming a magnetic structure having layers with different magnetization orientations provided by a common magnetic bias layer includes the steps of depositing an antiferromagnetic layer between first and second ferromagnetic layers. During the deposition of the first and second ferromagnetic layers, magnetization fields of different orientations are employed separately to induce different directions of magnetization in the first and second layers. The different directions of magnetization in the first and second layers are sustained, through the process of exchange coupling, by the interposed antiferromagnetic layer which serves as the bias layer. A magnetic structure thus fabricated, can be used as a read transducer capable of generating differential signals with common mode noise rejection, and can be used as a magnetic pole for a magnetic head with reduced Barkhausen noise.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 1997Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Read-Rite CorporationInventors: Minshen Tan, Hua-Ching Tong, Francis H. Liu, Swie-In Tan
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Patent number: 5871625Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different chemical species. Devices utilizing the composites include an electrode and improved fuel cells, batteries. Some composites, disposed on the surface of electrodes, prevent passivation of those electrodes and enable direct reformation of liquid fuels. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1996Date of Patent: February 16, 1999Assignee: University of Iowa Research FoundationInventors: Johna Leddy, Lois Anne Zook, Sudath Amarasinghe
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Patent number: 5869148Abstract: A process for the in-line, high speed manufacturing of magnetic products is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of printing onto a substrate, drying the ink print, making the appropriate cuts or scores on the substrate, applying a slurry of magnetizable material onto the substrate to create the magnet, drying the applied material, magnetizing the magnetic material and cutting and forming the substrate to the desired dimensions. Each of these steps may be performed in a single, in-line manufacturing operation running at high speeds.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1993Date of Patent: February 9, 1999Assignee: Webcraft Technologies Inc.Inventors: Stanford B. Silverschotz, Louis Rua, Jr., Christopher Tararuj, Armin A. Apel, George P. Hipko
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Patent number: 5858477Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for the deposition of an improved diamond-like carbon material, particularly for the production of magnetic recording media. The diamond-like carbon material of the present invention is highly tetrahedral, that is, it features a large number of the sp.sup.3 carbon--carbon bonds which are found within a diamond crystal lattice. The material is also amorphous, providing a combination of short-range order with long-range disorder, and can be deposited as films which are ultrasmooth and continuous at thicknesses substantially lower than known amorphous carbon coating materials. The carbon protective coatings of the present invention will often be hydrogenated. In a preferred method for depositing of these materials, capacitive coupling forms a highly uniform, selectively energized stream of ions from a dense, inductively ionized plasma.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1996Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignee: Akashic Memories CorporationInventors: Vijayen Veerasamy, Manfred Weiler, Eric Li
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Patent number: 5858478Abstract: The present invention relies upon a free space magnetic field in a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) chamber for forming high quality thin films made from diverted ions from a plume evaporated from an ablated target illuminated by a pulsed laser beam. The magnetic field exerts a qv.times.B Lorentz force upon the ions that is orthogonal to the magnetic field and to their direction of travel in the plume, and curves the ions toward the substrate, while neutral particulates continue to pass by the substrate so that the large neutral particulates are not deposited on the substrate. A shield prevents the deposition of plume species in direct line of sight between the target and the substrate so that only charged ions curved by the magnet are deposited on the substrate. A permanent magnet is used to separate charged species from neutral species.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 1997Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignee: The Aerospace CorporationInventor: Gouri Radhakrishnan
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Patent number: 5851660Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a method of fabricating a thin film magnetic recording medium where excellent read/write characteristics and high productivity are obtained and also to provide the thin film magnetic recording medium. The present invention is a method of fabricating a thin film magnetic recording medium where vapor evaporation is given by a vacuum evaporation device onto a traveling substrate to form a magnetic layer. The temperature of a reevaporation member, disposed so as to be opposed to the substrate on the downstream side of a magnetic layer formation start portion where the magnetic layer begins to form, is raised to higher than the melting point of an evaporation material. Atoms, which are evaporated from an evaporation source and reach said reevaporation member for forming said magnetic layer, are reevaporated by the raised temperature of the reevaporation member.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1996Date of Patent: December 22, 1998Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kiyokazu Tohma, Kazunari Yoshimoto, Ryuji Sugita