Abstract: A cathodic protection coating is disclosed that unexpectedly protects a treated metal substrate, notwithstanding the presence of a phosphate-containing conversion coating between the metal substrate and the cathodic protection compound. The cathodic protection coating includes sacrificial metallic particles less noble than metal in the metal substrate to be protected. The coating also includes inherently conductive polymer.

Abstract: A Si nanoparticle precursor, precursor fabrication process, and precursor deposition process are presented. The method for forming a silicon (Si) nanoparticle precursor provides a plurality of nanoparticle classes, including at least one Si nanoparticle class. The nanoparticles in each nanoparticle class are defined as having a predetermined diameter. A predetermined amount of each nanoparticle class is measured and combined. For example, a first Si nanoparticle class may be provided having a largest diameter and a second Si nanoparticle class having a second-largest diameter equal to about (0.43)×(the largest diameter). As another example, Si nanoparticle classes may foe provided having a diameter ratio of about 77:32:17.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a dielectric elastomer composite material comprising a plurality of elastomer-coated electrodes arranged in an assembly. Embodiments of the invention provide improved force output over prior DEs by producing thinner spacing between electrode surfaces. This is accomplished by coating electrodes directly with uncured elastomer in liquid form and then assembling a finished component (which may be termed an actuator) from coated electrode components.

Abstract: The negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes: a current collector 11 having a plurality of bumps 11a on a surface thereof; a first active material layer formed on the current collector 11; and a second active material layer 15 disposed on the first active material layer 12 and including a plurality of active material particles 14. Each of the plurality of active material particles 14 is located on a corresponding bump 11a of the current collector 11, and each of the first active material layer 12 and the plurality of active material particles 14 has a chemical composition represented as SiOx (0<x<1).

Abstract: The present invention provides a diamond electrode that, in waste water treatment or production of functional water by using electrolysis, does not cause contamination of a solution or release of toxic substances, achieves enhancement of the energy efficiency, has excellent durability, and can endure prolonged use without damage. The present invention further provides a treatment device where the above electrode is used, and a method for manufacturing the above electrode. In a diamond electrode according to the present invention, the electrode includes a conductive diamond film covering one surface of a substrate. Assuming that the thickness of the substrate is T (?m) and the thickness of the conductive diamond film is t1 (?m), the ratio between them is 0.0010?t1/T?0.022 and 10?t1?70.

Abstract: A method of preparing a transparent conductor for application on a polymeric substrate is described. The method includes introducing a functional group onto a surface of the conductor to form a modified conductor, and mixing the modified conductor with a dispersant at slightly elevated temperatures to form a conductive material composition. The dispersant is at least bifunctional. The conductive material composition may then be applied to the polymeric substrate. The dispersant acts as a linker, bonding the transparent conductor and polymeric substrate such that they are fully integrated.

Abstract: A method for increasing the number of carbon nanotubes exposed on the triode structure device of a field emission display uses the technology of casting surface treatment. For advancing the current density and magnitude of CNT emitters, the method of casting surface treatment on the CNT emitters includes the steps of coating an adhesive material on the surface of the device; heating the adhesive material for adhibitting the surface; and lifting the adhesive material off the surface.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer provided on a positive electrode collector, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode active material layer contains a polyvinylidene fluoride-containing binder and a nano ceramic particle having a primary particle size of not more than 100 nm; and the binder and the nano ceramic particle are complexed.

Abstract: A silver particle composite powder produced by mixing a silver particle powder (A) which bears on the surface of each silver particle, an organic protective layer comprising an amine compound having at least one unsaturated bond in one molecule and having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1000, and has a mean particle diameter DTEM, as determined by TEM, of at most 50 nm and a silver particle powder (B) which bears on the surface of each silver particle, an organic protective layer comprising a fatty acid having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1000 and an amine compound having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1000 with at least any one of the fatty acid and the amine compound having at least one unsaturated bond in one molecule, and has a mean particle diameter DTEM of at most 50 nm, in a blend ratio by mass, A/B of from 3/1 to 1/3 in terms of silver.

Abstract: A droplet discharge method includes performing a plurality of scans in which a discharge head and a substrate are scanned relative to each other, and discharging droplets of a plurality of types of functional liquid from the discharge head onto a plurality of prescribed portions on the substrate configured and arranged to hold the discharged functional liquid while the discharge head and the substrate are scanned. The performing of the plurality of scans includes performing at least one full discharge scan for each of the prescribed portions so that the functional liquid is discharged over an entire region of each of the prescribed portions, and performing a partial discharge scan so that the functional liquid is discharged so as to avoid at least part of peripheral edges of the prescribed portions.

Abstract: Encapsulated electrode catalyst particles 30 has electrode catalyst particles 20 encapsulated by a resin 15 with external stimulus responsiveness, specifically, it has a coated structure. The electrode catalyst particles 20 are particles for which a carbon supported catalyst 21 and an electrolyte 22 are almost uniformly dispersed. The electrode catalyst particles 20 are coated with a resin 15 which has external stimulus responsiveness. After forming a thin film using encapsulated electrode catalyst particles 30, an electrode sheet formed by removing the capsule element by applying an external stimulus to the thin film is transferred onto the electrolyte membrane, and an electrode catalyst layer is formed. By doing this, it is possible to suppress agglomeration of the electrode catalyst particles and degradation of the electrode catalyst, so it is possible to improve composition stability of the electrode catalytic ink and also possible to reduce costs.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a RRAM includes: forming a bottom electrode; forming a first metal layer, a first metal oxide layer, and a second metal layer on the bottom electrode in sequence; performing an RTO process followed by a top electrode formation; oxidizing the first metal layer to a second metal oxide layer comprising a second oxygen content; and oxidizing the second metal layer to a third metal oxide layer comprising a third oxygen content; wherein the first metal oxide layer has a first oxygen content after the RTO process is performed, the third oxygen content being higher than the first oxygen content and the first oxygen content being higher than the second oxygen content.

Abstract: Mixtures are provided of lithium salts with reducing agents for lithium evaporation. The mixtures may be particularly used in the manufacture of electroluminescent organic displays. Lithium dispensers based on the use of these mixtures are also provided.

Abstract: An electrode structure for a lithium secondary battery including: a main active material layer including a metal powder selected from silicon, tin and an alloy thereof that can store and discharge of lithium by electrochemical reaction, and a binder of an organic polymer; and a wherein the collector. The main active material layer includes a powder of a support material for supporting the electron conduction of the main active material layer in addition to the metal powder and the powder of the support material are particles having a spherical, pseudo-spherical or pillar shape with an average particle size of 0.3 to 1.35 times the thickness of the main active material layer. The support material is one or more selected from graphite, oxides of transition metals and metals that do not electrochemically form alloy with lithium. Organic polymer compounded with a conductive polymer is used for the binder.

Abstract: Methods and feedstock compositions for preparing porous electrodes as contained in lithium ion and lithium polymer batteries that comprise an electrolyte composition are described. The methods are characterized by depositing on a substrate a feedstock having a soluble pore former, precipitating at least a portion of the soluble pore former from the feedstock, and dissolving the solid pore former from the electrode using at least a portion or constituent of the electrolyte composition. The feedstock compositions are characterized by a pore former that forms a two-phase system with at least one constituent of the electrolyte composition. The feedstock does not contain materials that are not also substantially contained in the lithium ion battery.

Abstract: Particles of a silicon oxide of formula: SiOx wherein x is 0.5 to 1.6, a silicon composite comprising silicon dispersed in silicon dioxide and having a molar ratio Si/O from 1:0.5 to 1:1.6, or a mixture thereof are doped with 50-100,000 ppm of phosphorus. A negative electrode material comprising the phosphorus-doped particles is suited for use in non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. A lithium ion secondary battery having satisfactory cycle and rate properties is obtainable.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having a first lubricant layer formed on the surface thereof and a gas sensor are disposed in a housing. The gas sensor detects gas by adsorbing the gas on a detection surface thereof The detection surface is formed with a second lubricant layer made of the same lubricant agent as that of the first lubricant layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a positive electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery is provided. The positive electrode has a current collector and an active material layer formed on the current collector. The method includes: coating a slurry onto the current collector, the slurry having a pH of from 5 to 9 and containing a positive electrode active material, water as a dispersion medium, carboxymethylcellulose, and a pH adjuster; and drying the coated slurry to form the active material layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a highly-durable electrode tool for electrochemical machining, which can prevent the corrosion and abrasion of a conductive pattern at the time of electrochemical machining for forming dynamic pressure-generating grooves of a fluid dynamic bearing, and a method of manufacturing the same. The electrode tool for electrochemical machining includes: an electrode substrate on which a conductive pattern is formed to have protrusions corresponding to the fine grooves and to which negative current is applied; a nonconductive insulating layer, covering an entire top surface of the electrode substrate excluding the conductive pattern; and a conductive layer, which is formed on the conductive pattern to protect the conductive pattern, and a top surface of which is the same height as a top surface of the nonconductive insulating layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a pattern of an electroconductive member, comprises: a step of forming on a substrate surface a resin film containing acid group; a step of incorporating into the resin film a liquid containing a metal complex salt and having a pH value of 5 to 7; and a step of baking the resin film to form the electroconductive member from a metal component incorporated into the resin film, thereby improving uniformity and speed of an adsorbing of the metal component into the resin, and providing uniform characteristics of the electroconductive pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrocatalytic coating and an electrode having the coating thereon, wherein the coating is a mixed metal oxide coating, preferably ruthenium, titanium and tin or antimony oxides. The coating uses water as a solvent that provides for a smoother surface than alcohol based solvents. The electrocatalytic coating can be used especially as an anode component of an electrolysis cell and in particular a cell for the electrolysis of aqueous chlor-alkali solutions.

Abstract: A method for making a glow element, a spark element, or a heating element for combustion and/or heating devices, in particular a glow plug, a spark plug, or a heater, having a corrosion-protective coating for parts of the glow element, spark element, or heating element having a silicon-containing ceramic, and the element thereof. The corrosion-protective coating is composed of a mixture of SiO2 and at least one other substance.

Abstract: An ionic polymer composite device and methods for fabricating the ionic polymer composite device are provided. The ionic polymer composite device includes two extended electrode layers, each extended electrode layer including at least one ionic polymer with a plurality of electrically conductive particles, and a dielectric layer including at least one sulfonated poly ether sulfone polymer or a derivative between the two extended electrode layers.

Abstract: A multilayer material includes a solid substrate and at least two superimposed solid layers containing particles of an electrochemically active material, the first solid layer adhering to the solid substrate and the second solid layer adhering to the first solid layer. The multilayer material has a constant thickness of upper layer not less than 95% and a depth of penetration of the second layer into the first layer which is less than 10% of the thickness of the first layer, and enables as electrode constituent, generators having a low risk of overload degradation to be prepared.

Abstract: High surface area electrodes formed using sol-gel derived monoliths as electrode substrates or electrode templates, and methods for making high surface area electrodes are described. The high surface area electrodes may have tunable pore sizes and well-controlled pore size distributions. The high surface area electrodes may be used as electrodes in a variety of energy storage devices and systems such as capacitors, electric double layer capacitors, batteries, and fuel cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light-transmitting electric conductor including, on a surface of a light-transmitting support, a conductive material in which a multiplicity of carbon nanolinear structures are accumulated in two dimensions while making partial contact with each other, wherein the conductive material is a light-transmitting conductive material composed only of the carbon nanolinear structures, and direct bonds are formed between the surface of the light-transmitting support and the carbon nanolinear structures making contact with the surface, and between the carbon nanolinear structures making contact with each other.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for assembling a structure on a support having a pattern of binding sites. In accordance with the method, a first fluid is provided on the surface of the support with the first fluid being of a type that that increases viscosity when heated, the first fluid having first micro-components suspended therein each adapted to engage the binding sites. The first fluid proximate to selected binding sites is heated to increase the viscosity of the responsive fluid proximate to the selected binding sites so that the first micro-components suspended in the first fluid are inhibited from engaging the selected binding sites.

Abstract: A device is provided that includes a battery layer on a substrate, where a first battery cell is formed in the battery layer. The first battery cell includes a first anode, a first cathode, and a first electrolyte arranged between the first anode and the first cathode, where the first anode, the first cathode, and the first electrolyte are arranged in the battery layer such that perpendicular projections onto the substrate of each of the first anode and the first cathode are non-overlapping. A method of manufacturing such device is also provided. A system is also provide that includes such device for supplying power to an electronic device.

Abstract: An electroactivated film that includes: a first electrode that is spaced apart from a second electrode, a water insoluble electrically conductive medium which is permeable to moisture and oxygen and which contacts both electrodes, an electrocatalyst which can be reversibly oxidized and reduced and which facilitates the production of a peroxide when an electrical potential is imposed across the electrodes, and an optional peroxide-activating catalyst which converts the peroxide to an activated peroxide, wherein the first electrode, the conductive medium, the second electrode and the optional peroxide-activating catalyst are arranged in layers.

Abstract: Accordingly, in various embodiments, the present invention provides methods for making electrochemically active materials. Methods include making an electrochemically active material by reacting a platinum group metal salt in a organic solvent to yield a mixture, then heating the mixture to create a metal-organic solvent complex and an acid, followed by removing at least a portion of the acid, and yielding an electrochemically active material comprising the metal-organic solvent complex. In an exemplary embodiment, the resulting electrochemically active material may be used for coating an electrode.

Abstract: A sheet-like substrate (34) is coated with at least one thin film (36?) composed of at least one porous ceramic layer (S?1, S?2, S?3, . . . ). A solution or a suspension of an organic and/or inorganic metal composite as starting material (14) is admixed with a mixed-in, insoluble pore former (18) and the mixture (22) is sprayed on as layer (S?1, S?2, S?3, . . . ) of a thin film (36). The pore former (18) is at least partly thermally decomposed and/or burnt out to form an at least partly open-pored structure. The process is particularly suitable for producing miniaturized devices such as fuel cells and gas sensors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positive electrode for a rechargeable lithium ion battery comprised of single particles containing a compound of the formula LiMPCU, whereby M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Mn, Fe, Ti or combinations thereof, and whereby in a X-Ray diffraction chart of the electrode the ratio of the intensity I1:I2 of two selected peaks (1) and (2) is larger than (9:1) and wherein I1 represents essentially the intensity of peak (1) assigned to the (020) plane and I2 represents the intensity of peak (2) assigned to the (301) plane. The invention relates further to a process for the manufacture of such a positive electrode and to a battery comprising such an electrode.

Abstract: A method of forming a plurality of electrodes on a test sensor includes providing a substrate. The test sensor assists in determining an analyte concentration. At least one aperture is formed through the substrate. Catalytic ink or catalytic polymeric solution is applied in a pattern on two sides of the substrate. The catalytic ink or catalytic polymeric solution assists in defining the plurality of electrodes on the test sensor. After applying the catalytic ink or catalytic polymeric solution, the substrate is electrolessly plated to form the plurality of the electrodes of the substrate. The plurality of electrodes assists in determining the concentration of the analyte.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite electrodes for electrochemical devices, particularly to carbon nanotube composite electrodes for high performance electrochemical devices, such as ultracapacitors.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a thin film solid electrolyte including lithium ion conductive inorganic substance. The thin film solid electrolyte has thickness of 20 ?m or below and is formed directly on an electrode material or materials for the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode. The thin film solid electrolyte has lithium ion conductivity of 10?5 Scm?1 or over and contains lithium ion conductive inorganic substance powder in an amount of 40 weight % or over in a polymer medium. The average particle diameter of the inorganic substance powder is 0.5 ?m or below. According to a method for manufacturing the lithium ion secondary battery, the thin film solid electrolyte is formed by coating the lithium ion conductive inorganic substance directly on the electrode material or materials for the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a transparent electrode using a carbon nanotube(CNT) film, and more particularly, to a method for preparing a transparent electrode, the method comprising the steps of forming a CNT film on a desired substrate using a dispersed solution of CNT and then reducing/forming metal nanoparticles on the surface of the CNT film. According to the present invention, a transparent electrode in which gold nanoparticles are formed on the surface of high density CNT film having high purity, can be prepared. The inventive transparent electrode has high visible ray penetration and an excellent electrical conductivity by hyperfine metal particles uniformly formed on the surface thereof as well as a uniform increase in electrical conductivity over the whole CNT film, and thus it can be applied to various displays as well as image sensors, solar cells, touch panels, digital papers, electromagnetic shielding agents, static charge preventing agents and the like.

Abstract: A field emission device, including: a cathode substrate; a carbon nanotube array slice attached on the cathode substrate, the carbon nanotube array slice including a plurality of carbon nanotube segments arranged approximately parallel to each other, the carbon nanotube segments each having a first end and an opposite second end, the first ends thereof terminating at a common plane, and the second ends thereof being electrically connected to the cathode plant. A method for manufacturing the field emission devices based on carbon nanotube array is also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrode having an electrochemical catalyst layer is disclosed, which comprises providing a substrate with a conductive layer formed on the surface of a substrate, conditioning the surface of the substrate, immersing the substrate in a solution containing polymer-capped noble metal nanoclusters dispersed therein to form a polymer-protected electrochemical catalyst layer on the conditioned surface of the substrate, and thermally treating the polymer-protected electrochemical catalyst layer at a temperature approximately below 300° C.

Abstract: A method for producing at least one lead battery electrode, comprising the step of disposing an active paste on a support in such a manner as to form said electrode, and locating said electrode in a controlled atmosphere environment to expose said electrode to a gas enriched in ozone, characterised in that said electrode is exposed to an ozone-enriched gas of flow rate less than 100 litres per hour for each square metre of surface of said electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating formulation for manufacturing an electrode plate, which contains a solution of a hydroxyalkylchitosan and an organic acid and/or its derivative in an aprotic polar solvent, and an active material added to the solution and kneaded with the solution, the electrode plate, a manufacturing process of the electrode plate, a battery, a capacitor, and an undercoating formulation. According to this invention, a coating formulation for manufacturing an electrode plate for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery or an electrode plate for an electric double layer capacitor having excellent adhesion and improved contact resistance between an active material layer and a collector, the electrode plate, its manufacturing process, the battery and the capacitor can be provided.

Abstract: Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed. The devises are thin-film crystalline organic optoelectronic devices capable of generating a voltage when exposed to light, and prepared by a method including the steps of: depositing a first organic layer over a first electrode; depositing a second organic layer over the first organic layer; depositing a confining layer over the second organic layer to form a stack; annealing the stack; and finally depositing a second electrode over the second organic layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making an electrode. Firstly, a conducting substrate is provided. Secondly, a plurality of nano-sized structures is formed on the conducting substrate by a nano-imprinting method. Thirdly, a coating is formed on the nano-sized structures. The nano-sized structures are configured for increasing specific surface area of the electrode.

Abstract: Cathode compositions for lithium-ion electrochemical cells are provided that have excellent stability at high voltages. These materials include a plurality of particles having an outer surface and a lithium electrode material in contact with at least a portion of the outer surface of the particles. The particles includes a lithium metal oxide that includes manganese, nickel, and cobalt, and the lithium electrode material has a recharged voltage that is lower vs. Li/Li+ than the recharged voltage of the particles vs. Li/Li+. Also included are methods of making the provided compositions.

Abstract: An electrode for forming an electrochemical cell with a substrate and a method of forming said electrode. The electrode comprises a carrier (1) provided with an insulating layer (7) which is patterned at a front side. Conducting material in an electrode layer (4) is applied in the cavities of the patterned insulating layer and in contact with the carrier. An connection layer (5) is applied at the backside of the carrier and in contact with the carrier. The periphery of the electrode is covered by the insulating material.

Abstract: An electrode for forming an electrochemical cell with a substrate and a method of forming said electrode. The electrode comprises a carrier (1) provided with an insulating layer (7) which is patterned at a front side. Conducting material in an electrode layer (4) is applied in the cavities of the patterned insulating layer and in contact with the carrier. An connection layer (5) is applied at the backside of the carrier and in contact with the carrier. The periphery of the electrode is covered by the insulating material.

Abstract: A composition for producing an organic insulator is provided which comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material (as defined). The hybrid material shows high solubility in organic solvents and monomers, and superior adhesion to substrates. In addition, the hybrid material displays a high dielectric constant and a high degree of crosslinking. Based on these advantages, the composition comprising the organic-inorganic hybrid material can be utilized during the fabrication of various electronic devices by a wet process. A method for producing the organic insulator while utilizing the composition also is provided, as well as the resulting organic insulator, and an organic thin film transistor which incorporates the resulting insulating layer.

Abstract: A process for making an electrode sheet for a solid lithium electrochemical cells is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of: a) admixing a polyether polymer or copolymer, at least one lithium salt, at least one electrochemically active material and purified water to form an aqueous solution/suspension containing by weight at least 40% purified water, at least 20% active electrode material, up to 10% electrically conductive material, at least 5% polyether polymer or copolymer, and at least 1.5% lithium salt; b) coating the aqueous solution/suspension in the form of an electrode thin film onto an electrode support; and, c) evaporating the water from the electrode thin film to obtain an electrode sheet having less than 1000 ppm of residual water. The evaporation step is preferably carried out through a dryer/oven tunnel having incremental drying zones.

Abstract: A process for making an electrode sheet for lithium electrochemical cells is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of: a) admixing a polyether polymer or copolymer soluble in water, at least one lithium salt, at least one electrochemically active material, water and an organic solvent miscible with water in a water/organic solvent ratio of a maximum of 50% organic solvent by volume to form a water-based solution/suspension containing by weight at least 20% active electrode material, at least 5% of a polyether polymer or copolymer, and at least 1.5% lithium salt; b) coating the water-based solution/suspension in the form of an electrode thin film onto an electrode support; and, c) drying the electrode thin film to obtain an electrode thin sheet having less than 1000 ppm of residual water.

Abstract: Electrodes are constructed with pressure-bonding techniques that simplify alignment of various electrode components during lamination. In an exemplary embodiment, a current collector is made from aluminum foil that has been roughed or pitted on both surfaces. The surfaces of the current collector can be further treated to enhance adhesion properties of these surfaces. Layers of film that include active electrode material, such as activated carbon particles, are fabricated using non-lubricated techniques. Each film is coated on one side with an adhesive binder solution, such as a thermoplastic solution. The adhesive binder is dried, and the films are laminated to the current collector using a calender with heated rollers. The resulting electrode product is processed to shape electrodes, which can then be used in electrical energy storage devices, including double layer capacitors.

Abstract: A nanocarbon film that is produced in such a manner that, after a nanocarbon dispersion containing nanocarbon and a dispersant is used to form a film containing the nanocarbon and the dispersant, an external stimulus is applied to the film to at least partially decompose the dispersant contained in the film. Light irradiation is preferably applied as the external stimulus.