Abstract: A metal negative electrode secondary battery at least includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode at least includes a support and a first metal. The support at least includes a carbon particle. The carbon particle is provided with a plurality of open pores. The first metal is held in the open pores. The first metal is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. The negative electrode is configured to exchange an electron through dissolution reaction and deposition reaction of the first metal.

Abstract: A cobalt deposition process, including: volatilizing a cobalt precursor selected from among CCTBA, CCTMSA, and CCBTMSA, to form a precursor vapor; and contacting the precursor vapor with a substrate under vapor deposition conditions effective for depositing on the substrate (i) high purity, low resistivity cobalt or (ii) cobalt that is annealable by thermal annealing to form high purity, low resistivity cobalt. Such cobalt deposition process can be used to manufacture product articles in which the deposited cobalt forms an electrode, capping layer, encapsulating layer, diffusion layer, or seed for electroplating of metal thereon, e.g., a semiconductor device, flat-panel display, or solar panel.

Abstract: A composite electrode and a lithium-based battery are disclosed, wherein the composite electrode comprises: a substrate and a conductive layer formed on the substrate, wherein the conductive layer comprises graphite powders, Si-based powders, Ti-based powders, or a combination thereof embedded in a conductive matrix and coated with diamond films, and the diamond films are formed of diamond grains. The novel electrodes of the present invention when used in the Li-based battery can provide superior performance including excellent chemical inertness, physical integrity, and charge-discharge cycling life-time, and exhibit high electric conductivity and excellent lithium ion permeability.

Abstract: Plasmonic graphene is fabricated using thermally assisted self-assembly of plasmonic nanostructure on graphene. Silver nanostructures were deposited on graphene as an example.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a composite field emission source is provided. A first stage of film-forming process is performed by using RF magnetron sputtering, so as to form a nano structure film on a substrate, in which the nano structure film is a petal-shaped structure composed of a plurality of nano graphite walls. Afterward, a second stage of film-forming process is performed for increasing carbon accumulation amount on the nano structure film and thereby growing a plurality of nano coral-shaped structures on the petal-shaped structure. Therefore, the composite field emission source with high strength and nano coral-shaped structures can be obtained, whereby improving the effect and life of electric field emission.

Abstract: A method of producing a solid oxide fuel cell comprising tape casting an anode support and spraying layers onto the anode support. The layers that can be sprayed onto the anode support include an anode functional layer, an electrolyte layers, and a cathode functional layer.

Abstract: A thin film solid state battery configured with barrier regions formed on a flexible substrate member and method. The method includes forming a bottom thin film barrier material overlying and directly contacting a surface region of a substrate. A first current collector region can be formed overlying the bottom barrier material and forming a first cathode material overlying the first current collector region. A first electrolyte can be formed overlying the first cathode material, and a second current collector region can be formed overlying the first anode material. The method also includes forming an intermediary thin film barrier material overlying the second current collector region and forming a top thin film barrier material overlying the second electrochemical cell. The solid state battery can comprise the elements described in the method of fabrication.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for reducing image artifacts that arise when a display is exposed to sunlight over time. Various implementations disclosed herein can be implemented to prevent charge injection from inducing a negative offset voltage shift for display elements in the display. In one aspect, a buffer layer is applied to block electrons from being photoelectrically ejected from a movable reflective layer of a display element and into a stationary optical stack of the display element.

Abstract: A method for producing a surface structure with a lightning strike protective system involves providing a support structure based on a fiber-reinforced composite material. At least one arrangement of a lightning strike protective material made from or with a conductive material is applied onto the support structure so that the lightning strike protective material arrangement adheres to the support structure in such a way that it is held securely in its position. A cover material is applied in such a way that it embeds the at least one arrangement of a lightning strike protective material that is held securely in its position on the support structure, and the cover material is solidified.

Abstract: The negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes: a current collector 11 having a plurality of bumps 11a on a surface thereof; a first active material layer formed on the current collector 11; and a second active material layer 15 disposed on the first active material layer 12 and including a plurality of active material particles 14. Each of the plurality of active material particles 14 is located on a corresponding bump 11a of the current collector 11, and each of the first active material layer 12 and the plurality of active material particles 14 has a chemical composition represented as SiOx (0<x<1).

Abstract: A powder discharge passage (51) formed in a cover member (50) that covers a part of a powder feeding disk (45), and a first gas feeding passage (52) are formed so as to face each other across a gap (GP) between the cover member (50) and the powder feeding disk (45), so as to extend along the bottom surface of a receiver (47) located in the gap (GP).

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to devices for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to devices for measurement of glucose in a host that incorporate a cellulosic-based resistance domain.

Abstract: There is provided a positive electrode active material including a particle containing a lithium-containing compound, and an inorganic oxide layer provided on at least part of a surface of the particle. An average thickness of the inorganic oxide layer falls within a range of 0.2 nm or more and 5 nm or less.

Abstract: An ESD protection device providing highly reliable insulation and having good discharge characteristics is provided. An ESD protection device has opposing first and second discharge electrodes, an auxiliary discharge electrode (18) astride between the first and second discharge electrodes, and an insulating substrate (12) supporting the first and second discharge electrodes and the auxiliary discharge electrode (18). The auxiliary discharge electrode (18) is composed of an assembly of core-shell metal particles (24) that have a core portion (22) mainly composed of a first metal and a shell portion (23) mainly composed of a metal oxide that contains a second metal. The metal particles (24) are substantially completely covered with the shell portion (23) mainly composed of the metal oxide, and this improves the insulation reliability of the device against discharge. Preferably, the metal particles (24) have a bond with each other with a vitreous substance (27) therebetween.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor-based planar micro-tube discharger structure is provided, including the steps of forming on a substrate two patterned electrodes separated by a gap and at least one separating block arranged in the gap, forming an insulating layer over the patterned electrodes and the separating block., and filling the insulating layer into the gap. At least two discharge paths are formed. The method can fabricate a plurality of discharge paths in a semiconductor structure, the structure having very high reliability and reusability.

Abstract: A composite anode active material, a method of preparing the composite anode active material, and a lithium battery including the lithium battery. According to the method of preparing the composite anode active material, carbon nanotubes are formed on a Si particle without a separate operation of applying a catalyst. Furthermore, high adherence is provided between the Si particle and carbon nanotubes, and therefore the composite anode active material is used as an anode material of the lithium battery.

Abstract: Dual absorber electrodes are disclosed. In some embodiments, a dual absorber electrode includes a first absorber material, such as silicon, having a first bandgap, and a second absorber material, such as hematite, deposited on a surface of the first absorber material, the second absorber material having a second bandgap larger than the first bandgap of the first absorber. In some embodiments, the dual absorber electrodes of the present embodiment may be utilized in an electrolytic cell for water splitting.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for multi-transition metal-containing cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Processes encompass providing a composition which can be a mixture of molecular precursor compounds having the formulas [LiM(x+)(OR)1+x] and [Li2M(x+)(OR)2+x]. The metal atoms, M, can be Ni, V, Co, Mn, or Fe, and the —OR groups can be alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, alkenyloxy, siloxy, phosphinate, phosphonate, and phosphate. The compositions can be converted and annealed to provide cathode materials.

Abstract: A fabricating method of an electron-emitting device includes at least the following steps. A substrate having a first side and a second side is provided. The first side is opposite to the second side. A first electrode pattern layer is formed on the first side of the substrate. A conductive pattern layer is formed on the substrate and the first electrode pattern layer, and the conductive pattern layer partially covers the first electrode pattern layer. An electron-emitting region is formed in the conductive pattern layer. A second electrode pattern layer is formed on the second side of the substrate. The second electrode pattern layer partially covers the conductive pattern layer. The fabricating method has a simple fabricating process and a low fabricating cost.

Abstract: In a method for forming an electrolyte film on an electrode surface, the liquid electrolyte is sprayed into a cavity to form an electrolyte mist; the electrolyte mist exits the cavity through an opening and then flows across the electrode surface, which is directed downward at an angle behind the opening, whereby an electrolyte film is formed on the electrode surface and wherein the thickness of the electrolyte film is set by means of the angle of inclination of the electrode surface. A corresponding device includes an electrolyte tank communicating with a mist chamber for accommodating sprayed electrolyte by means of a spraying apparatus, wherein the mist chamber comprises a mist outlet. Furthermore, a retainer for fixing the electrode surface at a specifiable angle of inclination is provided, so that electrolyte mist, which can exit through the mist outlet, flows across the electrode surface to form an electrolyte film.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a semiconductor-based planar micro-tube discharger structure and a method for fabricating the same. The method comprises steps: forming on a substrate two patterned electrodes separated by a gap and at least one separating block arranged in the gap; forming an insulating layer over the patterned electrodes and the separating block and filling the insulating layer into the gap. Thereby are formed at least two discharge paths. The method can fabricate a plurality discharge paths in a semiconductor structure. Therefore, the structure of the present invention has very high reliability and reusability.

Abstract: Provided is a method of forming a metal oxide film on a CNT and a method of fabricating a carbon nanotube transistor using the same. The method includes forming chemical functional group on a surface of the CNT and forming the metal oxide film on the CNT on which the chemical functional group is formed.

Abstract: A microchannel plate includes a substrate defining a plurality of channels extending from a top surface of the substrate to a bottom surface of the substrate. A resistive layer is formed over an outer surface of the plurality of channels that provides ohmic conduction with a predetermined resistivity that is substantially constant. An emissive layer is formed over the resistive layer. A top electrode is positioned on the top surface of the substrate. A bottom electrode positioned on the bottom surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An electrode comprising a polyphosphazene cyclomatrix and particles within pores of the polyphosphazene cyclomatrix. The polyphosphazene cyclomatrix comprises a plurality of phosphazene compounds and a plurality of cross-linkages. Each phosphazene compound of the plurality of phosphazene compounds comprises a plurality of phosphorus-nitrogen units, and at least one pendant group bonded to each phosphorus atom of the plurality of phosphorus-nitrogen units. Each phosphorus-nitrogen unit is bonded to an adjacent phosphorus-nitrogen unit. Each cross-linkage of the plurality of cross-linkages bonds at least one pendant group of one phosphazene compound of the plurality of phosphazene compounds with the at least one pendant group of another phosphazene compound of the plurality of phosphazene compounds. A method of forming a negative electrode and an electrochemical cell are also described.

Abstract: A method for growing an array of carbon nanotubes includes the steps of: (a) providing a substrate having a first substrate surface and a second substrate surface opposite to the first substrate surface; (b) forming a catalyst film on the first substrate surface; (c) flowing a mixture of a carrier gas and a first carbon source gas over the catalyst film on the first substrate surface; (d) focusing a laser beam on the second substrate surface to locally heat the substrate to a predetermined reaction temperature; and (e) growing an array of the carbon nanotubes on the first substrate surface via the catalyst film.

Abstract: Disclosed are a positive active material that includes a core particle including a lithium-containing compound configured to reversibly intercalate and deintercalate lithium, and a coating layer on a surface of the core particle, the coating layer including a material including a carbon-fluorine (C—F) bond, a method of manufacturing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the positive active material.

Abstract: Provided are a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery in which short circuits between the positive- and negative-electrode layers can be suppressed with certainty and a method for producing the battery. A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery 100 includes a positive-electrode active-material layer 12 containing a Li-containing oxide; a negative-electrode active-material layer 22 on which deposition of Li metal can occur; and a sulfide-solid-electrolyte layer (SE layer) 3 disposed between these active-material layers 12 and 22. The SE layer 3 of the nonaqueous-electrolyte battery 100 includes a powder-formed layer 31 and a dense-film layer 32 formed on a surface of the powder-formed layer 31 by a vapor-phase process.

Abstract: An electrode includes a conductive substrate and a plurality of conductive structures providing a compressible matrix of material. An active material is formed in contact with the plurality of conductive structures. The active material includes a volumetrically expanding material which expands during ion diffusion such that the plurality of conductive structures provides support for the active material and compensates for volumetric expansion of the active material to prevent damage to the active material.

Abstract: An evaporation apparatus that is capable of stably forming a good quality thin film and is highly suitable for mass production is provided. The evaporation apparatus include an evaporation source discharging an evaporation material by heating, a retention member retaining an evaporation object, and a heat shield member that is located between the evaporation source and the evaporation object retained by the retention member, has an opening for passing the evaporation material in a state of vapor phase from the evaporation source to the evaporation object, and shields the evaporation object from part of radiation heat of the evaporation source. The heat shield member is located closer to the evaporation source than to the retention member.

Abstract: The present invention is in relation to a composition of electrode material in the form of a coating, said composition represented by formula Mn1-xO/C, wherein Mn1-xO is the monoxide of manganese with x is ?0 and ?0.1 and C is carbon. In addition, the invention also provides a process for deposition of aforementioned composition in the form of a nanocomposite coat on the electrode of an electrochemical capacitor in the fields of automobile, aerospace engineering and applications, very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI) technology, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for characteristics of glass components through use of one or more coatings are disclosed. The coatings are typically thin coatings, such as thin film coatings. The coatings can serve to increase strength of the glass components and/or provide durable user interfacing surfaces. Accordingly, glass articles that have received coatings are able to be not only thin but also sufficiently strong so as to resist damage from impact events. The coated glass articles are well suited for use in consumer products, such as consumer electronic devices (e.g., electronic devices).

Abstract: To provide a power storage device having excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics and a high charge/discharge capacity. The following electrode is used as an electrode of a power storage device: an electrode including a current collector and an active material layer provided over the current collector. The active material layer includes a plurality of whisker-like active material bodies. Each of the plurality of whisker-like active material bodies includes at least a core and an outer shell provided to cover the core. The outer shell is amorphous, and a portion between the current collector and the core of the active material bodies is amorphous. Note that a metal layer may be provided instead of the current collector, the active material bodies do not necessarily have to include the core, and a mixed layer may be provided between the current collector and the active material layer.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing electrodes for electrolysis, including the steps of forming an arc ion plating undercoating layer comprising valve metal or valve metal alloy including a crystalline tantalum component and a crystalline titanium component on the surface of the electrode substrate comprising valve metal or valve metal alloy, by an arc ion plating method; heat sintering the electrode substrate to transform only the tantalum component of the arc ion plating undercoating layer into an amorphous substance; and forming an electrode catalyst layer on the surface of the arc ion plating undercoating layer including the valve metal or valve metal alloy including the tantalum component transformed to the amorphous substance and the crystalline titanium component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode absorbing and releasing lithium ions, a negative electrode, a porous insulating layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte with lithium ion conductivity. The negative electrode includes a current collector having a plurality of protrusions on a surface thereof, and particulate bodies being respectively supported on the protrusions, and including an alloy-type active material. The negative electrode has gaps between the particulate bodies adjacent to each other. The particulate bodies extend outwardly from surfaces of the protrusions of the current collector, and are each an aggregate of a plurality of clusters including the alloy-type active material.

Abstract: A field electron emitter includes a thin film layer including a carbon nanotube (“CNT”) disposed on a substrate, wherein the thin film layer includes nucleic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an energy storage apparatus including a magnetic layer formed on any one of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, or an exterior frame, and a method for manufacturing the same. With the energy storage apparatus, the magnetic layer is provided in a vicinity of the separator in order to increase ion conductivity or a magnetic material is contained on surfaces of positive electrode and negative electrode current collectors or in positive electrode and negative electrode active materials, such that conductivity and mobility of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode are increased, thereby making it possible to improve a charging and discharging speed. In addition, a shortage due to an ion trap and a defect according to shrinkage ratio may be improved.

Abstract: Methods and devices for enhanced energy storage in an electrochemical cell are provided. In some embodiments, an electrode for use in a metal-air electrochemical cell can include a plurality of nanofiber (NF) structures having high porosity, tunable mass, and tunable thickness. The NF structures are particularly suited for energy storage and can provide the electrode with exceptionally high gravimetric capacity and energy density when used in an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solid oxide fuel cell including: a) an anode support; b) a solid electrolyte layer formed on the anode support; and c) a nanostructure composite cathode layer formed on the solid electrolyte layer, wherein the nanostructure composite cathode layer includes an electrode material and an electrolyte material mixed in molecular scale, which do not react with each other or dissolve each other to form a single material, and a method for fabricating the same. The fuel cell is operable at low temperature and has high performance and superior stability.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, a program storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine for performing operations, said operations including: depositing a first layer having a first metal on a surface of a semiconductor structure, where depositing the first layer creates a first intermix region at an interface of the first layer and the semiconductor structure; removing a portion of the deposited first layer to expose the first intermix region; depositing a second layer having a second metal on the first intermix region, where depositing the second layer creates a second intermix region at an interface of the second layer and the first intermix region; removing a portion of the deposited second layer to expose the second intermix region; and performing at least one anneal on the semiconductor structure.

Abstract: A silicon-based anode comprising silicon, a carbon coating that coats the surface of the silicon, a polyvinyl acid that binds to at least a portion of the silicon, and vinylene carbonate that seals the interface between the silicon and the polyvinyl acid. Because of its properties, polyvinyl acid binders offer improved anode stability, tunable properties, and many other attractive attributes for silicon-based anodes, which enable the anode to withstand silicon cycles of expansion and contraction during charging and discharging.

Abstract: Provided is a cathode for molten carbonate fuel cells, including a porous nickel-based electrode containing nickel particles, and metal particles coated on the electrode, wherein at least a part of the metal particles are attached to the surface of the nickel particles. A method for preparing the same is also provided. The cathode for molten carbonate fuel cells accelerates the cathodic oxygen reduction and reduces polarization resistance occurring at the cathode, thereby providing a fuel cell with improved performance even at low temperature. Additionally, it is possible to improve the service life of a molten carbonate fuel cell due to such low operation temperature.

Abstract: A binder material, inorganic polymer, is used to formulate carbon nanotube pastes. This material can be cured at 200° C. and has a thermal-stability up to 500° C. Low-out gassing of this binder material makes it a good candidate for long life field emission devices. Due to better adhesion with this binder material, a strong adhesive peelable polymer from liquid form can be applied on the CNT cathode to achieve a uniform activation with even contact and pressure on the surface. The peelable polymer films may be used both as an activation layer and a mask layer to fabricate high-resolution patterned carbon nanotube cathodes for field emission devices using lithographic processes.

Abstract: Disclosed is anode for use in a lithium ion secondary battery. The anode includes an anode current collector and an anode active material arranged thereon, in which the anode active material contains amorphous carbon and at least one metal dispersed in the amorphous carbon, and the at least one metal is selected from: 30 to 70 atomic percent of Si; and 1 to 40 atomic percent of Sn. The anode gives a lithium ion secondary battery that has a high charge/discharge capacity and is resistant to deterioration of its anode active material even after repetitive charge/discharge cycles.

Abstract: An electrode in which a silicon layer is provided over a current collector, a thin film layer having a thickness within a certain range is provided on a surface of the silicon layer, and the thin film layer contains fluorine, is used for a power storage device. The thickness of the thin film layer containing fluorine is greater than 0 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm, preferably greater than or equal to 4 nm and less than or equal to 9 nm. The fluorine concentration of the thin film layer containing fluorine is preferably as high as possible, and the nitrogen concentration, the oxygen concentration, and the hydrogen concentration thereof are preferably as low as possible.

Abstract: A method for making a solid state cathode comprises the following steps: forming an alkali free first solution comprising at least one transition metal and at least two ligands; spraying this solution onto a substrate that is heated to about 100 to 400° C. to form a first solid film containing the transition metal(s) on the substrate; forming a second solution comprising at least one alkali metal, at least one transition metal, and at least two ligands; spraying the second solution onto the first solid film on the substrate that is heated to about 100 to 400° C. to form a second solid film containing the alkali metal and at least one transition metal; and, heating to about 300 to 1000° C. in a selected atmosphere to react the first and second films to form a homogeneous cathode film. The cathode may be incorporated into a lithium or sodium ion battery.

Abstract: An atomic layer deposition method for forming a barrier layer over a thermoelectric device comprises providing a thermoelectric device in a reactor, introducing a pulse of a first precursor into the reactor, introducing a pulse of a second precursor into the reactor, introducing an inert gas into the reactor after introducing the first precursor and after introducing the second precursor, wherein the acts of introducing the first precursor and introducing the second precursor are repeated to form a barrier layer over exposed surfaces of the thermoelectric device.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using a vapor phase catalyst of directly growing aligned carbon nanotubes on a metal surfaces. The method allows for fabrication of carbon nanotube containing structures that exhibit a robust carbon nanotube metal junction without a pre-growth application of solid catalytic materials to the metal surface or the use of solder or adhesives in a multi-step fabrication process.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising electrodes including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a separator positioned between the electrodes, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the electrodes have a collector carrying an active substance material, and the collector of at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is a three-dimensional structure formed of a resin fiber covered with a metal film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a separator. The method includes (S1) preparing a porous planar substrate having a plurality of pores, (S2) preparing a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and a polymer solution including a first binder polymer and a second binder polymer in a solvent, and coating the slurry on at least one surface of the porous substrate, (S3) spraying a non-solvent incapable of dissolving the second binder polymer on the slurry, and (S4) simultaneously removing the solvent and the non-solvent by drying. According to the method, a separator with good bindability to electrodes can be manufactured in an easy manner. In addition, problems associated with the separation of inorganic particles in the course of manufacturing an electrochemical device can be avoided.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium ion battery 10 includes a negative electrode current collector 11, a negative electrode active material layer 14, and a lithium silicate layer 15. The negative electrode active material layer 14 contains silicon. The lithium silicate layer 15 contains lithium, oxygen, and silicon forming a Li—O—Si bond, and is formed at the interface between the negative electrode current collector 11 and the negative electrode active material layer 14. The negative electrode active material layer 14 and the lithium silicate layer 15 may be composed of columnar bodies.