Abstract: A process for optical alignment in which an alignment layer is irradiated with polarized light from a light source and optical alignment is carried out, and in which polarized light is emitted within the light irradiation area of the light source with differently aligned polarization axes. In doing so, the alignment layer and the light irradiation area are moved relative to one another so that the divergence of the polarization axes of the polarized light is essentially cancelled relative to one another and the direction of optical alignment in the alignment layer is made uniform.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high contrast reflective display comprising a substrate, at least one electronically modulated imaging layer, wherein the electronically modulated imaging layer comprises a uniformly thick, close-packed, ordered monolayer of domains of electrically modulated material in a fixed polymer matrix, at least one barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer is conductive in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, and at least one electrically conductive layer. The invention also relates to a method of making the display with a barrier layer comprising anisotropic particles and orienting the anisotropic conductor to produce a barrier layer conductive in a direction perpendicular to the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display screen includes a first substrate, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second substrate. The first substrate is opposite to the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are respectively disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer respectively include a plurality of parallel first grooves and second grooves. An alignment direction of the first grooves is perpendicular to that of the second grooves. Furthermore, at least one of the alignment layers includes a carbon nanotube layer and a fixing layer. The fixing layer is disposed on the carbon nanotube layer, and facing the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a polymer adhesive layer interposed between a substrate and a pattern or between one pattern and another pattern, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The polymer adhesive layer is interposed where peeling problems occur. The polymer adhesive layer reduces process errors and improves reliability. The device includes: a first substrate; gate lines, data lines, TFTs, and pixel electrodes on a surface of the first substrate; a second substrate bonded to the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; a black matrix layer and a color filter layer on a surface of the second substrate; a sealant formed along an edge of a substrate that bonds the first and second substrates to each other; spacers that maintain a cell gap between the first and second substrates; and a polymer adhesive layer that improves adhesive characteristics.

Abstract: Photoreactive dendrimers comprising a core portion, branching units and terminal groups, wherein at least one terminal group and/or branching unit is a photoreactive group and wherein the photo reactive groups include preferably cinnamates, coumarins, benzylidenephthalimidines, benzylideneacetophenones, diphenylacetylenes stilbazoles, uracyl, quinolinone, maleinimides, or cinnamylidene acetic acid derivatives and are able to undergo photocyclization, in particular [2+2]-photocyclization.

Abstract: Such a polymerizable liquid crystal composition is to be provided that is excellent in stability in a solution state, shows good coating property on a supporting substrate, and has a uniform homeotropic alignment property. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition contains an acrylate compound, an epoxy compound and a bisphenol fluorene compound. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition contains a compound selected from a group of compounds represented by formulae (1-1) and (1-2) as a component (A), a compound selected from a group of compounds represented by formula (2) as a component (B), a compound selected from a group of compounds represented by formulae (3-1) to (3-3) as a component (C) and a compound selected from a group of compounds represented by formulae (4-1A), (4-1B), (4-2), (4-3), (4-4) and (4-5) as a component (D), and may optionally contain a compound selected from a group of compounds represented by formulae (5-1) and (5-2) as a component (E).

Abstract: Generally, the presently disclosed subject matter relates to a liquid crystal display including one or more layers of a polymeric material. More particularly, the polymeric material is a low surface energy polymer material fabricated from a mold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light guide panel using a laser stamper, and a method and a device for producing the same. The light guide panel using a laser stamper, which is used as a rear surface light source of a liquid crystal display, is characterized in that a substrate for the light guide panel, made of an acryl-based material allowing light to penetrate therethrough, is cut into a plurality of light guide panels, and an uneven pattern on a lateral surface of the light guide panel is formed by transcribing a reverse uneven pattern of the laser stamper onto the lateral surface of the light guide panel through a laser direct recording process. Furthermore, the device for producing the light guide panel, includes a laser stamper producing part to produce a laser stamper capable of conducting a laser direct recording process, and a light guide panel producing part to produce a substrate for the light guide panel and the light guide panel in commercial quantity using the laser stamper.

Abstract: The invention is to provide such a polymerizable liquid crystal composition that is excellent in stability in a solution state, shows good coating property on a supporting substrate, and has uniform homeotropic alignment property. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition of the invention contains an acrylate compound and a bisphenol fluorene compound. The bisphenol fluorene compound is effective for controlling uniform homeotropic alignment of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photoalignable material comprising a photoactive stilbazolium-containing polymer of formula I: wherein, Ma, Mb, Mc are monomer units making up the polymer; x, y, z, are mole fractions of the monomer units Ma, Mb, Mc, wherein in each case 0<x?1; 0?y<1, 0?z<1; Sa and Sb are spacer units; Za is a stilbazolium unit which can undergo photochemical isomerization/dimerization reactions; Zb is a stilbazole unit, and n varies from 4 to 10,000. The present invention also relates to a display using a layer of the photoaligned material and methods for aligning the orientation layer as well as orienting a liquid crystal layer applied to the photoaligned orientation layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate; a second substrate which opposes to the first substrate; a first alignment film which is provided on the first substrate; a second alignment film which is provided on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer which is interposed between the first alignment film and the second alignment film. The first alignment film and the second alignment film are formed by an oblique deposition method, and are formed by chemically bonding alcohols to a hydroxyl group which exists on at least a surface of an inorganic oxide film having a plurality of micropores, and the average molecular weight of alcohols of the first alignment film is different from the average molecular weight of alcohols of the second alignment film.

Abstract: A retarder comprising a substrate, a first optically anisotropic layer formed of a composition comprising a rod-like liquid-crystal compound substantially generating a phase difference of ? at 550 nm, and a second optically anisotropic layer formed of a composition comprising a rod-like liquid-crystal compound substantially generating a phase difference of ?/2 at 550 nm is disclosed. At least either one of the rod-like liquid-crystal compounds is denoted by Formula (I) Q1-L1-A1-L3-M-L4-A2-L2-Q2: where Q1 and Q2 denote polymerizable groups; L1 to L4 denote single bonds or divalent linking groups provided that at least either of L3 and L4 represents —O—CO—O—; A1 and A2 denote C2-20 spacer groups and M denotes a mesogen group; and an in-plane slow axis of the second layer and an in-plane slow axis of the first layer cross substantially at 60 degrees.

Abstract: The main object of the invention is to provide an organic semiconductor material whose material designing is easy, and is capable to secure satisfying purity, so that it can be easily used industrially. And further, also to provide an organic semiconductor structure and an organic semiconductor device using the organic semiconductor material.

Abstract: A polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal dispersion including a cholesteric liquid crystal dispersed in a polymer. A perpendicular aligning component that aligns the cholesteric liquid crystal in a direction perpendicular to the boundary between the cholesteric liquid crystal and the polymer is provided at least one of at the boundary between the cholesteric liquid crystal and the polymer and in the polymer.

Abstract: A disclosed liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal composition contained in a cell having a liquid crystal alignment film. The liquid crystal alignment film has a lamellar structure and includes at least one type of a triphenylene compound (I) represented by general formula (1): In general formula (1), L represents —O— or —S—; R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 represent the same or different hydrocarbon radicals with 4 or more carbon atoms; R6 represents a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 4 or more carbon atoms; and R7 represents —SiR8R9R10 or —P(?O)(OH)2 where R8, R9, and R10 each individually represents —Cl, —OH, —OCH3, or —OC2H5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polarizing liquid crystal film having no alignment layer and a method for manufacturing the same, a light guide plate integrated with the polarizing liquid crystal film, and a backlight unit. The polarizing liquid crystal film of the present invention includes an adhesive layer, a liquid crystal layer aligned on one side of the adhesive layer, and a protection film arranged on an opposite side of the adhesive layer to protect the liquid crystal layer. Further, the method for manufacturing a polarizing liquid crystal film includes preparing a liquid crystal alignment film, aligning liquid crystal on the liquid crystal alignment film, providing an adhesive layer on the liquid crystal, attaching a protection film protecting the liquid crystal on the adhesive layer, and exfoliating the liquid crystal alignment film. Furthermore, there is provided a light guide plate integrated with the polarizing liquid crystal film and a backlight unit including the same.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal composition includes a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group, wherein the composition includes from 0.1 to 6.0% by weight of a (meth)acrylic copolymer (H), which 1) has a side chain containing a fluorine group, and a side chain containing a group represented by a general formula (h): 2) has a fluorine group content of 3 to 30% by weight, 3) has a ratio of side chains containing the group represented by the general formula (h) relative to the combined total of all side chains that falls within a range from 9 to 95 mol %, and 4) has a weight average molecular weight within a range from 10,000 to 300,000.

Abstract: The present invention concerns functionalized photoreactive compounds of formula (I), that are particularly useful in materials for the alignment of liquid crystals. Due to the adjunction of an electron withdrawing group to specific molecular systems bearing an unsaturation directly attached to two unsaturated ring systems, exceptionally high photosensitivities, excellent alignment properties as well as good mechanical robustness could be achieved in materials comprising said functionalized photoreactive compounds of the invention.

Abstract: There is provided an optical film obtained by laminating a polarizing film protective layer and a retardation film comprising a liquid crystalline compound layer, a retardation film protective layer and a polymer film, wherein the retardation film protective layer comprising a cured product of a UV-curable resin composition is inserted between the polymer film and the liquid crystalline compound layer to control or block the migration to the liquid crystalline compound layer of a material present in the polymer film and affecting the optical properties of the liquid crystalline compound layer by migrating to the liquid crystalline compound layer, in such a manner that the protective layer side of the polarizing film and the liquid crystalline compound layer side of the retardation film are opposed to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a first field-generating electrode and a second field-generating electrode formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrates, a homeotropic alignment layer formed on the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode and a liquid crystal material formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display panel further includes a polymer fixing a pre-tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal material, wherein the polymer is formed by polymerizing at least one selected from monomers represented by Chemical Formulas (I), (II), (III), and (IV). wherein, each of R1 and R2 includes at least one of acrylate, a vinyl group, and an epoxy group, n is 0 to 2, each of X1 to X4 is hydrogen or fluorine, Y is at least one selected from —CH2—, —O—, —CO—, —C(CF3)2—, and a single bond.

Abstract: The optical compensatory sheet has a transparent support and an optically anisotropic layer formed from liquid crystal molecules aligned in an average inclined angle of less than 5°. The optical compensatory sheet gives the retardation value in plane (Re) in the range of 10 to 1,000 nm and the retardation value along the thickness direction (Rth) in the range of 10 to 1,000 nm.

Abstract: A UV-curable resin composition for alignment film and an alignment film which is prepared by curing the composition with UV rays. The migration of a material which is present in a polymer film and capable of affecting the optical properties of a liquid crystalline compound layer to the liquid crystalline compound layer is controlled or blocked. The composition comprises at least one (meth)acrylate compound having one or more polar groups and one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule and a photoinitiator. A protective layer is inserted between a polymer film and a liquid crystalline compound layer for controlling or blocking the migration of the material which is present in the polymer film and capable of affecting the optical properties of the liquid crystalline compound layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyanopyridone derivatives, to their use in liquid crystal media, liquid crystal devices, anisotropic polymers, optical, electrooptical, decorative, security, cosmetic, diagnostic, pharmaceutic, electric, electronic, charge transport, semiconductor, optical recording, electroluminescent, photoconductor and electrophotographic applications, and to liquid crystal media, polymers and displays comprising them.

Abstract: Cholesteric liquid crystal compositions are disclosed that produce high clarity cholesteric liquid crystal films. The cholesteric liquid crystal compositions are a reaction product of a cholesteric liquid crystal compound of formula (I) R—R1—R2R3R4nR5—R6??(I) as defined herein, and a thiol compound.

Abstract: An optical compensation film is provided and includes a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer. It is characterized in that the first optically anisotropic layer includes discotic liquid crystal and the second optically anisotropic layer has an Re(550) value of 15 to 150 nm and an Rth(550) value of ?40 to 10 nm, and a polarizing plate using such an optical compensation film.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymerised liquid crystal (LC) film comprising at least one photoisomerisable compound and having a pattern of regions with different retardation and/or different orientation of the LC material, to methods of preparing such a film, and to its use as alignment layer, optical retardation film or optical waveguide in liquid crystal displays or other optical or electrooptical components or devices, or for decorative or security applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to a photopolymer mixture capable of use for a liquid crystal alignment layer and to an alignment layer formed from such a photopolymer mixture. The mixture comprises at least two polymerisable materials which are blended together in proportion so as to give a predetermined, preferably low, surface energy. A low surface energy, e.g. less than 4×10?2 N/m can result in an alignment layer which imparts a particular orientation to liquid crystal molecules with out requiring any post cure treatments. The polymerisable materials may be monomers, oligomers or diluents that form long chain molecules when cured and the mixture may contain additives to lower the overall surface energy.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a first alignment layer on the first substrate, the first alignment layer including a first additive; a second alignment layer on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal alignment film composition including at least one type of triphenylene compound (I) represented by the following general formula (1): wherein L represents —O— or —S—, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 may be identical or different and represent a hydrocarbon group having four or more carbon atoms, R6 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having four or more carbon atoms, R7 represents —SiR8R9R10 or —P(?O)(OH)2, and R8, R9 and R10 may be identical or different and represent —Cl, —OH, —OCH3 or —OC2H5).

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display using a ferroelectric liquid crystal, showing the mono-stability operation mode using a material showing the chiral smectic C phase via the smectic A phase in the temperature cooling process as the ferroelectric liquid crystal.

Abstract: Provided are a photoreactive compound represented by formula (1), a liquid crystal alignment layer using the compound, a method of manufacturing the alignment layer, and a liquid crystal display device including the alignment layer: where n is an integer of 20-1000; m is an integer of 1-5; and R is a hydrogen atom, CN, a C1-C5 alkyloxy group, a halogen atom, or a maleimide group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal mixed-composition comprising one or more cellulose derivatives and one or more liquid crystal compounds (preferably low-molecular liquid crystal compound) which can be oriented in a specific direction differing from that of the cellulose derivative, wherein the ratio by weight of the both is preferably in a range from 1:9 to 9:1, a retardation film produced using the composition, a circularly or elliptically polarizing film using the retardation film and an image display device provided with a circularly or elliptically polarizing film. The liquid crystal mixed-composition can be easily oriented in a specific direction on a rubbed substrate. If this orientation is fixed, a retardation film can be easily obtained which has such wavelength dispersion characteristics that the same level of retardation can be imparted to each wavelength in a wide visible region.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel photochromic liquid crystal materials which may be used in various electro-optic devices including liquid crystal devices. The materials can be converted into another form on irradiation by light which may make it feasible for them to be addressed by light in electro-optic devices. The materials are based on 5-membered heterocycles.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display using a ferroelectric liquid crystal, showing the mono-stability operation mode using a material showing the chiral smectic C phase via the smectic A phase in the temperature lowering process as the ferroelectric liquid crystal. The present invention achieves the object by providing a reactive liquid crystal layer having a reactive liquid crystal fixed on at least one facing surface of the two alignment films in a liquid crystal display comprising two aligned substrates comprising a substrate, an electrode layer and an alignment film, disposed so as to have the alignment films face with each other, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between the aligned substrates.

Abstract: A flat panel display comprising a liquid crystal module, a backlight module, and a transition film is disclosed. The backlight module provides light to the liquid crystal module, and the transition film is disposed above the liquid crystal module. The transition film comprises a material capable of filtering light of specific wavelengths. The material can be organic dye material phthal-ocyanine Copper (CuPc) or C32H16N8Cu. The transition film can be an evaporation layer, so the transition film can be formed on the polarizer of the liquid crystal module. The transition film has a transparency ratio with respect to blue light and a transparency ratio with respect to red light, and the ratios range from 0.5 to 0.95. The transparency ratio with respect to blue light is greater than that with respect to red light. The backlight module comprises one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) to provide light.

Abstract: Provided is a polymeric fluorescent substance showing fluorescence in solid state, which has a specific carrier drift mobility, a specific repeating unit, and specific number-average molecular weight. The polymeric fluorescent substance is excellent in solubility to organic solvents, and has higher efficiency and longer lifetime in applying as a polymer LED.

Abstract: A dope containing cellulose acylate as a main content of polymer is cast on a front surface of a moving belt in a method of producing a film from a solution. A drying apparatus is confronted to a back surface of said belt to evaporate a solvent in the gel-like film. Further, a condensers are confronted to a cast surface of said gel-like film to condense a solvent vapor for recovery. A wind speed above and near the gel-like film is from 0.01 m/s to 0.5 m/s, and the belt is transported downwards at the casting position PS. When d (mm) is a distance between the casting surface and each condenser, Tw (° C.) is a temperature of each condenser, and Ts (° C.) is a temperature of the casting dope, conditions are satisfied: Q=(Ts?Tw)/d and 5<Q<100. The obtained film is excellent in thickness uniformity and optical properties, and therefore adequate for the optical film.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods for manufacturing complex, anisotropic materials with desirable properties for information storage, processing, and display. Certain of these methods involve employing a magnetic field during manufacture to induce desired orientations of precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies. The applied magnetic field steers the precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies into desirable orientations while the precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies are assembled or self-assemble into a complex, anisotropic material. One embodiment of the present invention is a class of new, complex, well-ordered, network-like materials that include a ferromagnetic-material-based framework in which organic and/or organometallic compounds are organized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high contrast reflective display comprising at least one substrate, at least one electrically conductive layer and at least one close-packed, ordered monolayer of domains of electrically modulated material in a fixed, preferably crosslinked, polymer matrix and a method of making the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display comprising at least one substrate and at least one electronically modulated imaging layer and at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein the electronically modulated imaging layer comprises a self-assembled, close-packed, ordered monolayer of domains of electrically modulated material in a water insoluble, hydrophobic polymer matrix and the at least one electrically conductive layer comprises electronically conductive polymer and a conductivity enhancing agent.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an LCD device includes forming an alignment layer and an overcoat layer substantially simultaneously. The method includes, coating a mixture of an alignment layer material and an overcoat layer material on a substrate and at least partially separating the overcoat layer material and the alignment layer material by the curing the mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to optical devices for producing and/or transforming polarized electromagnetic emission by means of anisotropic absorption and/or optical rotation effects and/or birefringence and can be used as different polarizers (dichroic, reflecting), lagging layers (retarders), liquid-crystal displays and indicators and also for producing polarizing glass for building construction and for sun and antiglare glasses, masks, aprons and faceplates. The inventive optical device is based on at least one molecularly oriented layer of a low-molecular or oligomeric dichroic material which can form a stable lyotropic liquid crystal structure. The projection of at least one anisotropically absorbing fragment of a molecule of the dichroic material on the surface of the molecularly oriented layer of a dipole moment of optical transition is disposed in a parallel position to the optical axis of the molecularly oriented layer at least within several ranges of wavelength of the electromagnetic emission.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display which can give mono-domain alignment of the ferroelectric liquid crystal without forming alignment defects. The liquid crystal display has a UV curable liquid crystal side substrate having a first substrate, an electrode layer formed on the first substrate, a first alignment layer formed on the electrode layer, and a UV curable liquid crystal layer with a UV curable liquid crystal fixed and formed on the first alignment layer; and a counter substrate having a second substrate, an electrode layer formed on the second substrate, and a second alignment layer formed on the electrode layer. The UV curable liquid crystal layer of the UV curable liquid crystal side substrate and the second alignment layer of the counter substrate are disposed so as to face each other such that a ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between the UV curable liquid crystal side substrate and the counter substrate.

Abstract: A structure and related method of providing a morphing appearance of a surface of such a structure can be implemented in relation to a wireless communication device such as a cellular telephone. In at least one embodiment, the structure is implemented in a cellular telephone and includes a first layer and a second layer positioned behind the first layer. The first layer is configured to restrict a viewing of the second layer from a first location in front of the first layer when a view path between the first location and the structure forms an angle relative to an axis extending from the structure that exceeds an angular threshold, whereby first and second images that differ from one another are respectively provided by the structure and visible at the first location depending upon whether the view path exceeds or does not exceed the angular threshold, respectively.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided, which includes first and second substrates, a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates, an alignment layer formed on at least one of the first and second substrates, and a blocking layer formed between at least one of the first and second substrates and the alignment layer and including a water soluble conductive polymer and a clay.

Abstract: A polymerisable mixture that can be applied as a layer, an orientation layer of the mixture, and an optical component, such as a retarder or a liquid crystal display, having a layer of which the mixture is a precursor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid-crystal display of the PSA (polymer sustained alignment) type, and to novel liquid-crystal media and novel polymerizable compounds for use in PSA displays.

Abstract: A method of making a liquid crystal alignment layer comprising the steps of: (i) providing a layer on a substrate, the layer comprising a polythiophene according to formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl group or together represent a C1-C4 alkylene group or a cycloalkylene group; and (ii) mechanically rendering the layer liquid crystal aligning; a liquid crystal alignment layer obtainable by the above-mentioned method; a liquid crystal device incorporating the above-mentioned liquid crystal alignment layer; a liquid crystal display comprising the above-mentioned liquid crystal alignment layer or the above-mentioned liquid crystal device; and the use of the polythiophene according to formula (I) for aligning liquid crystals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment layer of a liquid crystal display that can minimize drop blemishes of liquid crystal in the ODF process. The present invention provides a composition of a liquid crystal alignment layer comprising a diamine compound represented by Formula 1 below, an acid anhydride, and a solvent, in which the diamine compound represented by Formula 1 has a concentration of 15-40 mol %: where R is a C10-C30 saturated or unsaturated alkyl, allyl, or aromatic hydrocarbon that is substituted by a heteroatom or is unsubstituted. The invention also provides a liquid crystal alignment layer and a liquid crystal display that comprises the liquid crystal alignment layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display panel and the fabricating method thereof that is adaptive for preventing the deterioration of display quality in a high temperature environment. A liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a lower array substrate and an upper array substrate which face each other with a liquid crystal therebetween; and an alignment film formed in each of the upper array substrate and the lower array substrate for aligning the liquid crystal, wherein the alignment film is formed of polymers where an optically active radical as a functional group is combined into any one of a polybenzoxazole group compound, a polybenzthiazole group compound or a polybenzimidazole group compound.