Abstract: A method of making an array of corner cubes includes the steps of: preparing a substrate, at least a surface portion of which is made of a cubic crystalline material and which has a surface that is substantially parallel to {111} planes of the crystalline material; and patterning the surface of the substrate such that a plurality of solid shape elements defines a predetermined pattern on the surface of the substrate. Each of the solid shape elements is defined by a number of concave portions, a number of convex portions or a combination of concave and convex portions. The method further includes the step of supplying a first active species, including an element that is contained in the crystalline material, onto the substrate on which the solid shape elements have been formed.

Abstract: A film welding apparatus is provided for solvent welding a first film to a second film. The apparatus has a movable backing surface adapted to support the first film, a pressing roller adapted to press the second film against the first film, and a solvent dispenser adapted to dispense a solvent between the first and second films.

Abstract: A method of producing a metal laminate for a circuit board includes a first step of press-bonding a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer film 1 having a segment orientation ratio SOR within a range not smaller than 0.90 and smaller than 1.15 along the longitudinal direction of the film, to a metal sheet 3 between hot rolls while the thermotropic liquid crystal polymer film 1 is in a tense or non-tense state; and a second step of heating the laminate obtained in the first step to a temperature not lower than the melting point of the thermotropic liquid crystal polymer film.

Abstract: A mask for photolithography in which a semi-transmission film is formed so that the phase difference of lights passing through a semi-transmission portion and a transmission portion of the mask for photolithography is between (−¼+2 m).&pgr; and (¼+2 m).&pgr; inclusive, where m is an integer. The invention makes it possible to efficiently and properly form a thin film having a multi-step structure by a single process.

Abstract: A novel information recording medium is provided which records information upon the application of thermal energy, reads the recorded information by detecting the value of photoelectric current generated by light applied to the information recorded portion, and can realize multi-valued information recording or analog information recording.

Abstract: An index-matching coating is applied directly to a low-emissivity (“lowE”) thin-film coating. Nodules growing from a site in the lowE coating are removed to avoid propagation of defects through the layers of the index-matching coating. A tempering step in an oxygen-containing atmosphere produces compressive stress in the lowE coating and hardens the coating. The compressive stress facilitates removal of the nodules and the hardening allows mechanical cleaning of the lowE coating prior to the index-matching coating, further removing nodules. Magnesium-fluoride is used as the final layer of the index-matching coating in one embodiment to improve abrasion resistance. The resulting glass panel may be used as a display panel in a plasma display or an organic light-emitting diode display, for example.

Abstract: A glass substrate for liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of zig-zag type exhausting ports for exhausting the inner gas in the cells of the glass substrate to the outer region of the glass substrate when the cells are laminated to each other. Opening regions of the glass substrate except for the exhausting port are blocked by the residuum being generated when the substrate is etched by the etchant.

Abstract: In a ceramic setter plate 10 of a plate-shaped sintered body 12 of a non-oxide ceramic material formed by firing ceramic particles 11 of at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC, Si3N4, BN, AlN, MoSi2, TiN and ZrB2, the sintered body 12 is composed of a porous body 12 having interconnected pores 15 and one or more cavities 13 inside thereof in substantially the center in the thickness direction of thereof, at least one of the cavities 13 has therein one or a plurality of branched parts 17, the cavities 13 have opening parts 14 at side parts of the sintered body 12. The ceramic setter plate has good gas permeability for firing a laminate of ceramic green sheets, for which the firing efficiency is good, and for which repeated use is possible.

Abstract: Glass substrates for display apparatuses of the related art which is cut from the mother glass have different glass size from each other in accordance with demand of respective display apparatus manufacturing company or factory. Therefore, it is not always effective to form glass substrates by cutting the mother glass, and the mother glass is not used efficiently.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a resin substrate wherein a transparent resin plate has at least a conductive layer via a transparent layer with a lower refractive index than the resin plate, and a liquid crystal display panel including at least a liquid crystal cell with a liquid crystal carried between a visible side substrate and a back side substrate that are disposed with electrodes on their substrates opposed to one another. One or both of the visible side substrate and the back side substrate is or are the resin substrate.

Abstract: The display panel has a glass backplate (1) a first surface of which is provided with barrier ribs (3) of glass frit. Electrodes (5) are present between the ribs (3). A front member (10) rests on the barrier ribs (3) and is sealed to the backplate (1). The front member (10) has electrodes (11) which extend transversely to the ribs (3). The glass frit of the ribs (3) mainly consists of ZnO, B2O3 and V2O5 and has a minor content of SiO2, PbO and/or CuO, and BaO and are mechanically strong. The glass frit combines a relatively small thermal coefficient of expansion and a relatively low sintering temperature, which makes the frit particularly suitable for use with a backplate (1) of borate glass, particularly an alkali-free borosilicate glass.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transparent substrate element for electronic displays that includes a transparent base layer, a plurality of independently addressable transparent electrodes disposed on the base layer, and a contiguous metallic coating associated with each transparent conductive electrode to increase the conductivity of the associated transparent conductive electrode, wherein the contiguous metallic coating comprises a periodic array of holes arranged to allow a significant amount of visible light to be transmitted through the substrate element.