Abstract: A porous calcium phosphate ceramic body comprising a substrate 1, and three-dimensional nanotunnel layers 2 formed on wall surfaces of the substrate 1, the three-dimensional nanotunnel layers 2 having pluralities of three-dimensionally connected nanotunnels 21.

Abstract: The invention provides composite porous materials in which a second material is fused to and/or is in the pores and/or is fused directly to some of the pore walls of a porous first material. The invention also provides methods of filtering a fluid using these composite porous materials and methods of manufacturing the composite porous materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multilayer structure comprising a layer of humidity-dependent composition having a ratio of wet cup permeance to dry cup permeance greater than 10 and a layer of crystallizable polymer sufficiently permeable to oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor, exhibiting an increase in permeability to at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide by a factor of at least 2.5 over a temperature range of 10° C. between 0° C. and 40° C. Also disclosed are packaging materials comprising the multilayer structure and methods for storing respiring materials using the packaging materials.

Abstract: Layered systems in prior art are inefficient at cooling an external hot gas. The inventive layered system comprises an external porous layer, in which the pore walls of the pores have differing thicknesses. This improves the cooling action by preventing too much heat from entering the layered system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for enhancing quantitative transfer of analytes to an adsorptive substrate are provided. A preferred embodiment provides an improved transfer system and method that reduces “blow through” of low molecular weight analytes and increases the adsorption of low molecular weight, for example proteins of about 30 kDa or less compared to conventional transfer techniques. It has been discovered that using a secondary porous backing membrane in conjunction with an adsorptive membrane such as nitrocellulose or polvinylidene fluoride increases the efficiency of analyte interaction with the adsorption membrane compared to transfers techniques using the adsorption membrane without the secondary backing membrane. This improvement of quantitative analyte transfer efficiency facilitates a wider range of detection processes, such as direct analysis by MALDI mass spectrometry than in earlier applications of the process without the secondary backing membrane.

Abstract: A hydrogen permeable membrane is disclosed. The membrane is prepared by forming a mixture of metal oxide powder and ceramic oxide powder and a pore former into an article. The article is dried at elevated temperatures and then sintered in a reducing atmosphere to provide a dense hydrogen permeable portion near the surface of the sintered mixture. The dense hydrogen permeable portion has a higher initial concentration of metal than the remainder of the sintered mixture and is present in the range of from about 20 to about 80 percent by volume of the dense hydrogen permeable portion.

Abstract: Polymeric materials having a plurality of cells formed therein are described. The polymeric materials include a foamed layer comprising a plurality of uniform microcells, nanocells or combinations thereof in a closed cell network, a transition layer positioned adjacent to the foamed layer, and at least one unfoamed outer layer positioned adjacent to the transition layer. The foamed layer may be present in a volume ranging from about 80 to about 99 percent based on the volume of the polymeric material, the transition layer may present in a volume ranging from about 0 to about 10 percent based on the volume of the polymeric material, and the at least one outer layer may be present in a volume ranging from about 0.01 to about 10 percent based on the volume of the polymeric material. Methods of making such polymeric materials are also described, as are apparatus for providing foamed polymeric materials.

Abstract: The present invention is directed an oriented, foamed article having an ink-receptive surface, and a method of making the article. The invention provides a printable substrate comprising at least one high melt-strength, oriented polypropylene foam layer having an ink-receptive surface. The high melt-strength polypropylene having a melt strength of 25 to 60 cN at 190° C. The ink-receptive surface may comprise and oxidizing treatment, such as corona or flame-treatment of the foam surface, or may comprise an ink-receptive coating, such as a primer coating, on the foam surface. The oriented foam article is particularly useful in the preparation of printed security documents such as currency, stock and bond certificates, birth and death certificates, land titles and abstracts and the like.

Abstract: A structural reinforcement material (20) is provided that includes a base material selected from the group consisting of thermosets, low viscosity thermoplastics with short transition phases and low viscosities, low melting point metallic alloys, and combinations thereof. At STP, the structural reinforcement material (20) is a solid or a formable dough or a mixture thereof. When heated to an activation temperature, the structural reinforcement material (20) becomes flowable into a cavity (10). Following cooling, the structural reinforcement material (20) is a solid or a thermoset with a strength sufficient to reinforce the cavity (10). A structural reinforcement insert (111) comprising the structural reinforcement material (20) is also provided, as is a reinforced cavity (10) of an automobile (2) and a method of reinforcing a cavity (10).

Abstract: An environmental coating system for silicon based substrates wherein a porous intermediate barrier layer having an elastic modulus of about 30 to 150 GPa is provided between a silicon metal containing bondcoat and a ceramic top environmental barrier layer.

Abstract: A heat resistant microporous membrane containing a thermoplastic resin having a crystalline melting point of 140-300° C. and having a layer structure formed in the direction of membrane thickness, said layer structure containing 5-100% of a layer defined by the following (A) and 95-0% of a layer defined by the following (B): (A) a layer in which the micropores are intra-spherulitic voids, and (B) a layer in which the micropores are intra-spherulitic voids and inter-spherulitic voids.

Abstract: Layered thermal barrier coating with high porosity. Ceramic thermal barrier coatings according to the state of the art often do not withstand the thermal and mechanical stresses.

Abstract: Paper for card, characterized in that it has a laminate structure of a porous white film (A) symmetrically put on both faces of a masking layer (B) and the surface and the back thereof have a pencil hardness of from 4H to 9H. The card paper has good flexibility and stability, curls little and has good scratch resistance, maskability and printability.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method for making a polymer article comprises: orienting polymer chains in one direction more than any other direction to form an oriented article, contacting the oriented article with a foaming agent, and foaming the material to form the reflective polymer article comprising planar cell structures having a length “l” and a thickness “t”.

Abstract: An extruded, low density, ethylenic polymer foam including from about 86% by volume to about 98% by volume open cells and a continuous, impervious surface skin is disclosed. The foam possesses superior compression recovery and lower compression resistance when compared with similarly comprised ethylenic closed cell foams and superior moisture resistance and handling characteristics when compared to open cell foams. A precursor composition and method for making the extruded, low density, ethylenic polymer foam are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cleaning wipe and cleaning product are provided. The cleaning wipe includes a foam layer such as phenolic or melamine based foam that is configured for contacting and cleaning a surface. A reinforcing web is attached to the foam.

Abstract: Multilayer microporous films comprise first and second microporous film layers. The first film layer has a first maximum pore size and the second film layer has a second maximum pore size different from the first maximum pore size. In a more specific embodiment, the multilayer microporous films comprise coextruded first, second and third microporous film layers. One of the first, second and third film layers has a maximum pore size smaller than the respective maximum pore sizes of the remaining layers of the multilayer film or larger than the respective maximum pore sizes of the remaining layers of the multilayer film, and the one layer does not have an unconstrained surface in the multilayer film. Methods for producing multilayer microporous films provide a first film layer having a maximum pore size upon stretching which is different from that of a second film layer upon stretching.

Abstract: A gas diffusion electrode and method of making the same. According to one embodiment, the electrode comprises a support layer, a first cushioning layer positioned on top of the support layer, a second cushioning layer positioned on top of the first cushioning layer, and a catalyst layer positioned on top of the second cushioning layer. The support layer is a mechanically stable, electrically-conductive, gas porous substrate, such as carbon fiber paper. The first cushioning layer, which is also gas porous, comprises a non-woven mat of electrically-conductive, chemically-inert fibers, preferably carbon nanofibers, bound together with a polymeric binder, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The second cushioning layer is similar to the first cushioning layer, except that carbon black or a similar electrically-conductive, chemically-inert particulate material is included in addition to or instead of the fibrous material for the purpose of fine-tuning pore size.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ventilation insert for ventilating textiles, shoes and soles of shoes, gloves, protective helmets and their visors, protective goggles, insulating mats, cushioning mats, knee pads and shin pads, headgear and similar articles. The invention proposes a ventilation insert in which an open-pored support layer (1) is provided with an open-pored cover (1.1, 10) or individual covering elements (2) which are at least partly composed of a material (3) which undergoes a swelling or shrinking effect on account of moisture, heat or an electrical voltage, or a material (3) of this type is connected to the support layer (1), the cover (1.1, 10) and/or the covering elements (2) or constitutes the support layer or cover in such a way that ventilation openings (5, 12) in the support layer (1) and/or in the cover (1.1, 10) are exposed or closed on account of the swelling or shrinking effect.

Abstract: A twin-shell lightweight acoustic trim part (11), in particular a self-supporting vehicle's headliner or a rear parcel shelf comprises a thermoplastic acoustically effective structural composite (5). This composite comprises at least three layers (2, 3, 4), in particular on its front side a skin layer (4), preferably a binder layer made of a thermoplastic non-woven or grid, a stiffening layer (3) made of a non-woven comprising polypropylene and glass fibres, and on its rear side a soft layer (2) consisting of a polyolefin foam. These layers are needle-punched together in order to set a desired airflow resistance R in the range of 200 Nsm?3 to 5000 Nsm?3. In a preferred embodiment, the twin-shell lightweight acoustic trim part (11) comprises a core layer (8) which contains 50 parts of elastomeric foam sticks, 20 parts of glass fibres, 10 parts of polypropylene fibres material, and 20 parts bicomponent polyester fibres and preferably comprises additional 15% of recycled elastic foam material.

Abstract: Sintered elements for use in hazardous areas comprise a first flame path having a first length and a first pore size, and a second flame path having a second length and a second pore size. The second length is greater than the first length and the second pore size is greater than the first pore size. Sounders and loud speakers for use in hazardous areas comprise a housing having a horn and a rear enclosure, a driver assembly, and a sintered element.

Abstract: A multiplanar, conductive gasket material having a foam core, a conductive web layer comprising a blended mixture of conductive fibers and nonconductive fibers, and a plurality of blended mixture fibers interspersed through the foam core. The blended mixture fibers are heat set within the gasket material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite porous membrane suited for a separator for a battery having excellent ion permeability, low pore blocking temperature, and high membrane breakage temperature by compositing resin porous membranes having different melting points (or softening points) without using a termocompression bonding method or a method of directly applying a solution to the substrate by using a composite porous membrane containing a porous membrane A of a resin having a melting point of 150° C. or less and a porous membrane B of a resin having a glass transition temperature of more than 150° C. integrated with the porous membrane A, wherein both a superficial side of the porous membrane B and an interfacial side with the porous membrane A of the porous membrane B have a three-dimensional network structure.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a porous electrically conductive carbon material having interconnected pores in first and second size ranges from 10 ?m to 100 nm and from less than 100 nm to 3 nm and a graphene structure and to diverse uses of the material such as an electrode in a lithium-ion battery and a catalyst support, e.g. for the oxidation of methanol in a fuel cell. The carbon material has been heat treated to effect conversion to non-graphitic carbon with the required degree of order at a temperature in the range from 600° C. to 1000° C. A lithium-ion battery and an electrode for a lithium-ion battery are also claimed.

Abstract: A reflective metal polymeric insulation bubble pack assembly comprising a first reflective metal bubble pack; a second reflective metal bubble pack; and a first plurality of intervening bubble spaces suitably located between the first and the second bubble packs as to define at least one inner insulative air chamber between the first and second bubble packs. The invention provides a non-fiberglass improved R-value insulation material that is cost-effective in material, labour, production and installation costs relative to prior art materials.

Abstract: Multilayer foam-film composite structures in which the cells of at least one foam layer have an anisotropic orientation exhibit at least one enhanced property of toughness, tear resistance and puncture resistance in comparison with a foam-film composite structure alike in all aspects except for the anisotropic orientation of the cells of at least one foam layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite sheet for mounting a workpiece and a method for making the same. The composite sheet includes a buffer layer and an adsorption layer. The buffer layer has a plurality of continuous pores. The adsorption layer is located on the buffer layer for adsorbing a workpiece, and the compression ratio of the buffer layer is higher than that of the adsorption layer. Thereby, due to low hardness, good adsorption effect, and high compression ratio, the composite sheet of the present invention has good buffer effect.

Abstract: A fiber composite component is at least partially produced by braiding. It comprises a core element which has at least one concavely constructed face that is adjoined by a passage opening. Respective opposite transverse or longitudinal sides of the core element and the side of the passage opening not bounded by the core element are enclosed by a braided fiber composite loop element.

Abstract: The invention provides for a multi-layer automotive interior component and method of making the same. The multi-layer automotive interior component comprises a skin layer having an exterior portion and an underside portion, where the exterior portion is visible. The multi-layer automotive interior component further comprises a foam dam formed on the underside portion of the skin layer, a cantilevered skin portion extending from the foam dam, a substrate disposed opposite the underside portion of the skin layer, and a foam layer between the substrate and the underside portion of the skin layer. The foam layer is limited by the foam dam, and the foam layer is substantially uniform.

Abstract: A container, comprises a first layer of plastic and a second layer of plastic contacting said first layer, the second layer of plastic being formed as a foam wherein the foam cells contain carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present application relates to a porous composite material consisting of a metal matrix with embedded nano-structured materials.

Abstract: A foam barrier heat shield is provided having a layer of foam adhesively disposed between opposing first and second metallic outer layers. The foam is expanded in between the outer layers and is adhesively formed to the outer layers without the use of a separate adhesive. In addition to shielding heat, the heat shield is effective as a noise barrier and is internally damped against vibration. In a preferred embodiment, the foam is a substantially rigid polyurethane foam that is sufficiently pliant to be bent to and accommodate a particular shape and contour to which the heat shield will conform in use, and it is reversibly deformable acoustical deflections.

Abstract: A membrane structure is provided. The membrane structure includes a polymer layer having a plurality of pores; and a ceramic layer disposed on the polymer layer. The ceramic layer has a plurality of substantially unconnected pores. Each of the substantially unconnected pores is in fluid communication with at least one of the pores of the polymer layer. A method of manufacturing a membrane structure is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a polymer layer having a plurality of pores; and disposing a ceramic layer on the polymer layer. Disposing a ceramic layer includes depositing a metal layer on the polymer layer; and anodizing the metal layer to convert the metal layer into a porous layer. At least one of the depositing step and the anodizing step is performed as a continuous process. Alternatively, at least one of the depositing and the anodizing step is performed as a batch process.

Abstract: A ceramic member in which the metal layers with high void ratio are sufficiently sintered to lower a residue of resin is produced. The method for manufacturing a ceramic member which comprises a step of forming a stacked compact from a plurality of metallic paste layers containing a metal component M1 that are stacked one on another via ceramic green sheets, and a step of firing the stacked compact, wherein at least one of plural metallic paste layers is formed as a second metallic paste layer that has the mass percentage X higher than that of the metallic paste layer that adjoin therewith in the stacking direction and a ceramic powder is contained in the second metallic paste layer in the step of forming the stacked compact, the mass percentage X being the proportion of the metal component M1 to the total metal content in the metallic paste layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to films having selective permeability and/or permeation rates for different gases, liquids, particulate matter, and combinations thereof. The films may be employed as packaging films or separation membranes. The films may be comprised of at least one layer including one or more high permeability polymers blended with one or more low permeability polymers. Blending of different amounts and combinations of low and high permeability polymers may provide a method by which individual permeation and permeation rates can be increased or decreased, and made selective for one or more gasses, liquids, particulate matter or combinations thereof. Methods for making such films are also disclosed.

Abstract: Packages and methods for storage and dispensing of materials, e.g., high purity liquid reagents and chemical mechanical polishing compositions used in the manufacture of microelectronic device products, including containment structures and methods adapted for pressure-dispensing of high-purity liquids. Liner packaging of liquid or liquid-containing media is described, in which zero or near-zero head space conformations are employed to minimize adverse effects of particle generation, formation of bubbles and degradation of contained material.

Abstract: Methods to improve adhesion of a first material to a second material and electronics devices fabricated using such methods are described. A porous polymer layer is formed on a conductive layer. Forming the porous polymer layer leaves portions of the conductive layer exposed. A porous conductive layer is formed over the porous polymer layer and the exposed portions of the conductive layer. A continuous polymer layer is formed over the porous conductive layer. In one embodiment, the polymer layer includes a ferroelectric polymer, and the conductive layer includes a noble metal, e.g., gold.

Abstract: A substrate processing chamber component is capable of being exposed to an energized gas in a process chamber. The component has an underlying structure and first and second coating layers. The first coating layer is formed over the underlying structure, and has a first surface with an average surface roughness of less than about 25 micrometers. The second coating layer is formed over the first coating layer, and has a second surface with an average surface roughness of at least about 50 micrometers. Process residues can adhere to the surface of the second coating layer to reduce the contamination of processed substrates.

Abstract: A substrate, for example, a display glass substrate, can be transported and stored with high efficiency, without breaking and adhering dust. A substrate accommodating tray includes a frame member 12 formed to have a larger rectangular frame shape than a glass substrate and four support members 11, having elasticity, formed in an inside region surrounded by the frame member 12. The frame member 12 is formed with a pair of longitudinal direction frames 12a and a pair of width direction frames 12b, and the four support members 11 are arranged while being engaged with the frame member 12. Each support member 11 includes conductive polyethylene foam, which is molded by coating conductive particles on synthetic resin beads as a raw material and foaming it in this state. Therefore, transferring of the resin onto the glass substrate can be prevented during transportation and storage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a highly flexible sheet composite material comprising a block flexible foam and a layer of whipped foam made of polyurethane-based dispersions two-dimensionally bonded thereto, a process for preparing such a composite material, and the use thereof.

Abstract: An oxygen permeable film including an aggregate of water-repellent particles and having an average particle size of the particles of 0.01 to 50 ?m has a contact angle with water of not less than 120° and super water repellency, and therefore has an excellent water vapor permeation inhibiting capability. As the particles, fluorocarbon resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl fluoride and polyvinylidene fluoride are suitable. The specific surface area of the oxygen permeable film is preferably not less than 0.1 m2/g and not more than 500 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a cleaning implement suitable for hard surface cleaning comprising heat-compressing a melamine foam at about 250° C. to about 300° C., for about 1 minute to below about 3 minutes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a support plate (1) that bonds to a substrate (2) so as to support the substrate (2). In the support plate (1), a plurality of openings (15) and (15?) penetrate through from a bonding surface to a non-bonding surface, the bonding surface facing the substrate (2), and the non-bonding surface facing the bonding surface; a porous region (13), which includes a first region (11) and a second region (12) surrounding the first region, is formed on the bonding surface; and the first region (11) has an opening ratio greater than that of the second region (12). By this, it is possible to realize a support plate that can be easily peeled off from a semiconductor wafer with a solvent, but does not easily come off from a substrate during a processing operation on the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: The present invention is a poufable product that is capable of being converted into a pouf product. The poufable product is comprised of at least one flat ply of flexible sheet material having at least one side edge and at least one cord. The cord engages at least one ply of the flexible sheet material such that the flexible sheet material is capable of bunching on or about the cord.

Abstract: An insulating material 14 adapted for use in a high temperature environment for coating a turbine component is provided. The insulating material comprises a plurality of geometric shapes 18. The insulating material further comprises a binder for binding together the geometric shapes. A plurality of discontinuous fibers is added to the binder. The discontinuous fibers are adapted to controllably affect one or more properties of the insulating material. For example, non-fugitive chopped fibers 50 may be added to affect a tensile strength property of the insulating material, and fugitive chopped fibers 52 may be added to affect a density property of the insulating material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a long-time stable, hydrophobic or oleophobic surface and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to latex based multiple layer foams, more in particular, the present invention relates to foams for use in a bedding or seating product, in which the foam has a multiple latex layer, said multiple latex layer being produced from a process comprising multiple vulcanization stations and multiple pouring stations.

Abstract: A ceramic member in which the metal layers with high void ratio are sufficiently sintered to lower a residue of resin is produced. The method for manufacturing a ceramic member which comprises a step of forming a stacked compact from a plurality of metallic paste layers containing a metal component M1 that are stacked one on another via ceramic green sheets, and a step of firing the stacked compact, wherein at least one of plural metallic paste layers is formed as a second metallic paste layer that has the mass percentage X higher than that of the metallic paste layer that adjoin therewith in the stacking direction, the mass percentage X being the proportion of the metal component M1 to the total metal content in the metallic paste layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing an automobile interior material or construction sheet with excellent processability, and its product made therefrom. More particularly, a method comprises by carding short fibers wherein short fibers are mixed with polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, on one side or both sides of a foamed layer produced by foaming any one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips; setting the short fibers with a shape of a truss in the foamed layer by interlacing the short fibers through a needle punching process; and thermally forming the short fiber layer(s) on the foamed layer by heating the portions of the short fibers exposed on the outside the foamed layer to 120 to 250° C. and pressing thereby melting, cooling and hardening the fused portions of the short fibers.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor layer formation material from which a semiconductor layer having a high carrier transport ability can be made, a method of forming a semiconductor element having a semiconductor layer having a high carrier transport ability, a semiconductor element formed by the semiconductor element manufacturing method, an electronic device provided with the semiconductor element, and electronic equipment having a high reliability. The semiconductor layer formation material includes a semiconductor material, porous particles each having a number of pores, and a dispersion medium, wherein the semiconductor material is existed in the semiconductor layer formation material in such a state that at least a part of the semiconductor material is filled in the pores of the porous particles. According to the semiconductor layer formation material it is possible to form a semiconductor layer having a high carrier transport ability can be made.