Abstract: A thin soft film material having fibers and/or particulates embedded therein is disclosed. A process for effecting such embedding utilizing hydrosonics is also disclosed.

Abstract: A low amplitude wave-board panel having improved bending strength and bending stiffness properties is provided. More specifically, the amplitude of the waves is substantially equal to, or less than half the thickness of said board. Preferably, the wave amplitude ranges from between 1/8" to about 1".

Abstract: This invention relates to mineral fiberboard products which are embossed to provide a decorative surface. In the invention herein a layered structure is formed before the embossing process that consists of the currently used mineral fiberboard on the bottom with an additional layer of a granulated fines material on the board surface. When embossed using the current process, the resulting composite board provides higher fidelity images than the unlayered embossed board.

Abstract: A process for making a polyvinyl chloride and wood composite pellet by extrusion. The polyvinyl chloride and wood fiber are introduced into the extruder at a ratio of approximately 6:4 by weight, respectively. The polyvinyl chloride is melted and blended with the wood fiber so that the interstitial voids of the wood fiber are filled with polyvinyl chloride. After being extruded through a die, the molten material is cut into pellets having a bulk density of preferably between 0.7 to 0.8 gm/mm.sup.3.

Abstract: Disclosed is an absorbent composition including a hydrogel-forming polymeric material and a microfiber; disposable absorbent products, including the absorbent composition, intended for the absorption of body liquids; and a method for preparing the absorbent composition.

Abstract: A coated abrasive article comprises a backing, a first binder on the backing, and a plurality of abrasive particles in the first binder. The first binder is a hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive that is energy cured to provide a crosslinked coating. The invention also relates to a method of producing such articles.

Abstract: A low-pressure board having reduced show-through and reduced resin migration is obtained by interposing a coating between the decor sheet and the substrate, e.g. fiberboard, chipboard or particle board, which is preferably microcrystalline cellulose or a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose with CMC at a dry-coating weight of 2-16 pounds per ream, preferably 4 pounds per ream.

Abstract: Absorbent structures are disclosed which contain a particulate material composition. The particulate material composition comprised specific, relatively narrow, particle size distributions of superabsorbent hydrogel-forming material particles formed by solution polymerization methods and mixed with inorganic powders. The particles of superabsorbent material are of such size that at least about 70% of said particles, by weight, will pass through a U.S. Standard 50 mesh sieve with 297 micron openings and be retained on a U.S. Standard 170 mesh sieve with 88 micron openings when said particles are tested according to the Sieving Test described herein. The inorganic powder, such as amorphous silica, is intermixed with the particles of superabsorbent material in amount of between about 0.1 to about 5 parts per 100 parts of the particles of superabsorbent material. The absorbent structures of the present invention are useful in disposable absorbent articles such as diapers, adult incontinence pads, and the like.

Abstract: The invention provides composite elastic nonwoven fabrics and processes of making the same. The composite elastic fabrics of the invention include a plurality of longitudinally extending elastomeric filaments and at least one fibrous web including staple fibers and anchoring fibers entangled with the elastomeric filaments. The anchoring fibers strengthen the attachment of the staple fibers to the elastomeric filaments, so that the entire fibrous mass extends as a unit when the fabric is extended. The resultant product is a coherent, substantially unitary structure encompassing the elastomeric filaments.

Abstract: A method of producing a veneer having a given thickness requires cutting of a stock material by a mechanism including a rotary lathe blade and a nose bar. The nose bar is arranged at the outer periphery of the stock material in the vicinity of the tip of the rotary lathe blade, such that the spacing between the tip of the nose bar and the tip of the rotary lathe blade in a horizontal direction is 20 to 30% smaller than the thickness of the desired veneer to be cut. The stock material is cut by rotating the stock material by a spindle which chucks the end faces of the stock material at opposite ends thereof. A backup roller rotated by the rotation of the stock material constantly biases the stock material toward the nose bar and is positioned on the outer periphery of the stock material in a position diametrically opposite to the rotary lathe blade.

Abstract: The invention provides elastic fabrics which exhibit low extensibility in the machine direction and have substantial elastic properties in the cross-machine direction. The fabrics of the invention include an elastic layer and a fibrous layer which are combined together. The fibrous layer is composed of a plurality of thermally activated binder fibers or filaments oriented substantially in the machine-direction of the fibrous web. The fabrics of the invention can be manufactured and processed more readily than fabrics which are elastic in both the machine direction and the cross-machine direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite elastic material adapted to provide improved tenacity in one direction and which includes (1) an anisotropic elastic fibrous web having at least one layer of elastomeric meltblown fibers and at least one layer of substantially parallel rows of elastomeric filaments autogenously bonded to at least a portion of the elastomeric meltblown fibers, and (2) at least one gatherable layer joined at spaced apart locations to the anisotropic elastic fibrous web so that the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations. The anisotropic elastic fibrous web has a strength index of at least about 2 or less than 0.5. The substantially parallel rows of elastomeric filaments in the elastic fibrous web may have an average diameter ranging from about 40 to about 750 microns and constitute at least about 20 percent, by weight, of the anisotropic elastic fibrous web.

Abstract: A desk mat for a desk or other piece of furniture. The mat includes a plurality of layers of wood, which are by nature biodegradable. The top layer is a veneer and is of wood in its natural condition. The other layers include a cork layer and a chip board layer, but the veneer is continuous and integral wood. A glue, which is practically degradable, glues the layers together, and the finished mat is coated with a finish coating. The coating protects the layers and enables the finished mat to be bent or curved without cracking or other debilitation of the mat.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anisotropic elastomeric nonwoven fibrous web composed of a substantially homogeneous distribution of elastomeric meltblown fibers that are physically aligned along one of the planar dimensions of the web. The anisotropic elastomeric nonwoven web of meltblown fibers has a strength index of at least about 2. Also disclosed is process of making such an anisotropic elastomeric nonwoven web of meltblown fibers as well as a composite elastic material which contains an anisotropic elastomeric nonwoven web of meltblown fibers.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive transfer recording medium adapted to overlapping strike printing on a low-noise impact printer, comprising a foundation, and a porous ink-releasing layer containing an ink paste provided on the foundation, the ink paste comprising a coloring agent, a liquid vehicle and a starch substance, the liquid vehicle comprising as a main component at least one member selected from the group consisting of a glycerol higher fatty acid ester, a polyglycerol higher fatty acid ester and a sorbitan higher fatty acid ester, the ink paste having a viscosity of 4.times.10.sup.3 to 12.times.10.sup.3 cp at 25.degree. C. The recording medium ensures images of a high density for an initial strike and an excellent printing durability, thereby giving clear images without blot or unevenness for a multiplicity of overlapping strikes at the same portion of the recording medium, in printing on a low-noise impact printer under low-temperature circumstances as well as under ordinary-temperature circumstances.

Abstract: An isocyanate bonded wood composite, such as a doorskin, comprising about 95% to about 99% by weight wood fiber, about 1% to about 4% by weight of an organic isocyanate and 0% to about 2% by weight of a wax, and its method of manufacture, are disclosed. The isocyanate bonded wood composite is manufactured by admixing the ingredients, then pressing the admixed ingredients at a temperature of about 200.degree. F. to about 320.degree. F., for a sufficient time and at a sufficient pressure, to provide an isocyanate bonded wood composite having a density of about 0.9 g/cc to about 1.1 g/cc, and that demonstrates improved porosity and adhesive properties.

Abstract: The invention provides composite elastic nonwoven fabrics and the process of making them. The composite elastic fabrics of the invention include an elastomeric net and at least one fibrous web including binder fibers and which is intimately hydroentangled with the elastomeric net. At least a portion of the binder fibers in the hydroentangled fibrous web have been thermally activated thereby bonding the hydro-entangled web into a coherent, substantially unitary structure encompassing the elastomeric net.

Abstract: Disclosed is an elastic nonwoven web containing a coherent matrix of fibers formed from an extrudable blend composed of an elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer where A is a thermoplastic polymer block and where B is an isoprene monomer unit hydrogenated to substantially a poly(ethylene-propylene) monomer unit. The elastic nonwoven web adapted to have an elastic modulus of less than about 1.25 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent. The elastic nonwoven web may also include at least one type of nonelastic fibers and/or particulate materials distributed within or on the matrix of elastomeric fibers. The elastic nonwoven web may be incorporated into a multilayer material and/or may be a component of a composite elastic material in which the elastic web is joined to a gatherable layer at spaced apart locations so that the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations.

Abstract: A photographic support material includes a base paper and at least one polyolefin layer arranged on the base paper and containing titanium dioxide, and a methyl substituted chinacridone red pigment in the polyolefin which is a chinolino (2,3-b) acridine-7,14-dione-5,12-dihydro-3,10-dimethyl.

Abstract: Particulate, absorbent, polymeric compositions comprising interparticle crosslinked aggregates. The interparticle crosslinked aggregates comprise precursor particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogel-forming, polymer material; and an interparticle crosslinking agent reacted with the polymer material of the precursor particles to form crosslink bonds between the precursor particles. Sufficient interparticle crosslinked aggregates are formed when the mass average particle size of the resultant polymeric composition has been increased by at least about 25% over the mass average particle size of the precursor particles. The resultant polymeric composition provides improved structural integrity, an increased acquisition rate, and minimal gel blocking properties.

Abstract: Methods for applying decalcomanias to various porous surfaces, including textile surfaces such as canvases, are disclosed, including applying a bonding agent to the porous surface, providing a water slide-off decalcomania, including a backing sheet with a water-soluble coating, a first coating layer on the backing sheet, a design layer, and a second coating layer disposed on the design layer, and applying the decalcomania to the bonding agent.

Abstract: The invention is directed to elastomeric meltblown webs having desirable strength and stretch/recovery properties which can be produced at relatively high throughputs and/or relatively low die pressures. The meltblown webs of the invention comprise a blend of (i) a fully hydrogenated diblock or triblock thermoplastic elastomer copolymer or mixtures thereof based on polystyrene and poly(ethylene-butylene) blocks; and (ii) from about 5% by weight up to about 50% by weight of a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid or ethylene and a lower alkyl ester of acrylic acid in which the ethylene content ranges from about 5% by weight up to about 50% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a modified cellulose regenerated fiber having a practically endurable tenacity, and being excellent in dye-affinity, and having anti-funguses and deodorizing properties. The present invention comprises preliminarily molding chitosan or acetylated chitosan into a fine particle, mixing the fine particle body with cellulose viscose prior to spinning, and spinning the mixture, at the inclusion regenerated fiber.

Abstract: A free aggregate usable in forming wood concrete products is formed by a process including the encasing of a free aggregate of individual chips with an inorganic mineralizing coating to a degree sufficient to seal in water-soluble organic matter held in pores of the chips, while maintaining the individual chips in a free aggregate form. The encased chips are then seasoned for 15 to 25 days and again coated with a second mineralizing coating.

Abstract: Stitchbonded articles and methods of making same are presented. The articles may be either dual purpose wiping/scrubbing articles or only scrubbing articles. The articles may be constructed to have three dimensional scrubbing surfaces. Both the dual purpose articles and the scrubbing articles comprise thermoplastic nodules melt-bonded to the stitching yarn, and preferably to the fibers of an absorbent material, the nodules providing the primary scrubbing utility.

Abstract: A stitchbonded absorbent article and method of making same are presented. The article exhibits good hand, repeated washing durability, and absorbency.

Abstract: A biodegradable film or the like shaped article is formed from a composition including 100 parts by weight of cellulose fibers having a length of 3 mm or less and a diameter of 50 .mu.m or less, 10-600 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin and 2-100 parts by weight of chitosan. A mixture containing (a) an aqueous solution of an acid salt of chitosan, (b) an aqueous dispersion or solution of a thermoplastic resin and (c) fine cellulose fibers is dried and shaped to obtain such a biodegradable shaped article.

Abstract: Wet wipes having improved wet strength, wet thickness and wet toughness are provided by incorporating a wet strength agent in the fibrous web containing pulp fibers and at least five percent by weight man-made fibers and hydraulically entangling the web. No post-formation bonding treatment is employed and the fiber dispersion includes only about 1% by weight of the wet strength additive. The hydroentanglement coupled with the low amount of additive provides unexpected synergistic strength and absorbency characteristics. The wet wipe retains its strength characteristics despite packaging and prolonged storage in a wet condition.

Abstract: An abrasion-resistant elastic cloth which exhibits excellent dust pickup and dust retention is disclosed. A dust mop head cover may be formed from the cloth fabric. The dust mop head cover may be secured to the mop head without fasteners.

Abstract: A flat-peaked and flat-troughed corrugated wafer board panel is provided. The panel is characterized in having a substantially uniform density.

Abstract: A process for hydraulically needling a web of staple fibers into an unbonded flash spun web made of continuous plexifilaments to form a spunlaced nonwoven fabric. The web of staple fibers is positioned against the unbonded flash spun web and then hydraulically needled such that the staple fibers are embedded into and entangled with the unbonded flash spun web to form a spunlaced nonwoven fabric. Optionally, the spunlaced nonwoven fabric can be thermally bonded to maintain or increase the permeability of the fabric. Thermal bonding can be used to control the level of permeability depending on the end-use desired. Spunlaced nonwoven fabrics made by the inventive process are particularly useful in filtration applications (e.g., vacuum cleaner bags) when thermal bonding is employed and as bulky, downproof and featherproof barrier liners for garments, sleeping bags, pillows, comforters and the like when thermal bonding is not employed.

Abstract: A high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric is disclosed. The composite fabric contains more than about 70 percent, by weight, pulp fibers which are hydraulically entangled into a continuous filament substrate. This high pulp content composite nonwoven fabric may be used as a heavy duty wiper or as a fluid distribution material, cover material, and/or absorbent material in an absorbent personal care product. Also disclosed is a method of making the high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a hard multi-ply laminate, at least two of the plies comprising primarily wood fibers compressed with a plastic, and an intermediate ply of a different chemical composition than the wood fiber plies, and top and bottom plies of substantially the same physical performances to avoid warping. An adhesive is applied between each of the plies and all the plies are compressed to form a hard laminate. An edge of the resulting board is shaped to form an artistic configuration, and the edges are coated with a moisture barrier. Thus the resulting hard laminate boards with a sculpted edge can be used directly for table and desk tops, shelving and the like without the addition of an edging strip.

Abstract: A cork chip moulding includes a mixture of cork chips and a viscoelastic material, which mixture is dispersed in or bound with a polyurethane. The cork chip moulding is superior in sound and heat insulations, and in rigidity.

Abstract: A thermal transfer recording sheet comprising a base film, a heat transferable ink layer formed on one side of the base film and a heat resistant lubricating layer formed on the other side of the base film, wherein the heat resistant lubricating layer contains a modified silicone oil having a viscosity of not lower than 600 cst, an average modified amount of which is not more than 1,500 g per mol of a modifying group.

Abstract: Methods for applying decalcomanias to various porous surfaces, including textile surfaces such as canvases, are disclosed, including applying a bonding agent to the porous surface, providing a water slide-off decalcomania, including a backing sheet with a water-soluble coating, a first coating layer on the backing sheet, a design layer, and a second coating layer disposed on the design layer, and applying the decalcomania to the bonding agent.

Abstract: Paperboard packaging material for use in the manufacture of cartons for browning and crisping food in a microwave oven is prepared on a printing press using an aqueous susceptor-ink composition comprising graphite or conductive carbon black dispersed in a solution of sodium silicate. The susceptor-ink composition is printed on the packaging material in a pattern corresponding to the location of the food intended to be packaged and the food contact surface is overprinted with an FDA approved food contact coating. The use of sodium silicate as the binder for the susceptor-ink composition allows the composition to be printed by gravure or flexographic printing processes and provides hereto unavailable flame retardant properties to the final packaging material.

Abstract: Liquid impervious, biodegradable films are disclosed. In particular, the films comprise a blend of an interpenetrated network of destucturized starch with ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers or ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers, and an aliphatic polyester such as polycaprolactone. Diapers, sanitary napkins, pantiliners, and the like, containing backsheets prepared from the foregoing materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: A nonwoven laminate, having a barrier property, is made of at least one thermoplastic fiber layer bonded with a wet-laid fabric layer, made of a uniform distribution of cellulose fibers, polymeric fibers, and a binder, which is treated with a water-repellent finish. Alternatively, the wet-laid fabric layer can be made without the addition of any binders to form a tissue-type core fabric layer. In a preferred form, spunbond polyester fiber layers are ultrasonically bonded on each side of a wet-laid barrier fabric made of about 20% eucalyptus pulp, 45% staple polyester fibers of 1.5 denier, and 35% polyester fibers of finer denier of about 0.6 denier, which is bonded with an acrylic latex binder and treated with a water-repellent finish that includes a fluorocarbon compound. The resulting laminate has a desired drapability and soft hand.

Abstract: A method for producing construction panels comprising cellulose fibers as the reinforcing means and of at least one inorganic binder such as cement and possibly of fillers, wherein the crude panels are subjected to air hardening by being stored in stacking structures so that in spite of the use of cement as the binder, cellulose fibers are used without being destroyed.The invention provides that the sulfur trioxide content in the cement shall be less than 2%.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a synthetic board from cellulosic or lignocellulosic fibers is disclosed wherein a standard isocyanate binder is emulsified and immediately applied to the fibers before consolidation into a finished board product. The apparatus includes an emulsification and application nozzle comprising a diluent inlet, a binder inlet, a mixing section for emulsifying the diluent and the binder, and a spray nozzle for applying the binder/diluent emulsion to the fibers. The method includes supplying a binder stream, supplying a diluent stream, emulsifying the binder with the diluent and immediately applying the emulsion to the fibers. The method further includes flushing the binder/diluent emulsion using the diluent at the end of a binder application run to prevent curing of the emulsion and clogging of the apparatus. The binder/diluent emulsion can be applied to the fibers either in the blowline or downstream of the blowline, such as in the blender.

Abstract: Absorbent members incorporating particulate, absorbent, polymeric compositions comprising interparticle crosslinked aggregates. The interparticle crosslinked aggregates comprise precursor particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogen-forming, polymer material; and an interparticle crosslinking agent reacted with the polymer material of the precursor particles to form crosslink bonds between the precursor particles. The absorbent members of the present invention can comprise a combination of fiber material and discrete particles of the polymeric composition or laminates (layered absorbent members) containing such polymeric compositions. The performance of absorbent members is enhanced by the use of such polymeric compositions due to the high rate of fluid uptake and minimal gel blocking properties of the interparticle crosslinked aggregates.

Abstract: The supple sheet according to the invention, which is resistant to tearing and bursting, has a low water- or other liquid-absorbing power, controlled porosity and is printable, comprises:at least cellulosic fibers,optionally synthetic fibers,at least one binder,at least one moisture-retaining agent in a proportion less than about 20% by dry weight of the sheet,at least one sizing agent.The invention finds an application in sterilizable packages.

Abstract: A composite elastic material having a stress relaxation of less than about 30 percent is composed of at least one elastic sheet formed from a blend of (1) a styrene-poly(ethylene-propylene)-styrene thermoplastic elastomeric block copolymer or a mixture of styrene-poly(ethylene-propylene)-styrene and styrene-poly(ethylene-butylene)-styrene elastomeric block copolymers, and (2) a tackifying resin. The blend may also include a polyolefin and/or an extending oil. The elastic sheet is joined to at least one gatherable layer at spaced-apart locations in which the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations so that the composite material is elastic.

Abstract: A molded product is made having uniform strength throughout the product. The molded product is made by mixing together fibrous materials such as cellulosic fibers and a heat-fusible binding agent such as a phenolic resin to form an admixture. The admixture is then sprayed with a binding agent such as starch as it is dispersed to form a fibrous molding preform. Heat and pressure are applied to the molding preform to form a molded product.

Abstract: A fire resistant structure has a compressed fiber reinforced composite layer and a wooden substrate layer. The composite layer upon exposure to fire provides a lofted glass network which acts as a barrier to heat and fire thereby protecting the underlying substrate layer.

Abstract: A hydroentangled composite fabric is made by subjecting a spunbonded base web material of continuous man-made filaments to stretching in the cross direction at least 5 percent of its original dimension but less than the cross direction elongation of the material under ambient temperature conditions at the time of stretching. The base web material in its cross-stretched condition is stabilized to provide a prestretched base web material substantially free from cross direction tensioning. A covering layer of fluid dispersible fibers, preferably in the form of one or more wet-laid wood pulp fibrous webs, is applied to one surface of the relaxed prestretched base web to form a multilayer structure and the multilayer structure is subjected to hydroentanglement while in its relaxed condition to embed the covering fibers in the spunbonded base layer and affix the fiber layer to one surface of the prestretched base material.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for bonding blends of cellulosic fluff pulp and fusible synthetic pulp or fiber having a melting point less than 250.degree. C., by high-speed dielectric heating. The process works in the absence of any dielectric sensitizing material, but requires the resulting blend have a density between 0.005 and 0.50 g/cc so that the blend can be bonded in less than 15 seconds. The process is useful for producing disposable baby diapers, adult incontinence products and feminine pads.

Abstract: Substitute lumber pieces having strengths and densities substantially equivalent to lumber are cut from single layer panels of over about 1 and normally less than 4 inches thickness made from wood wafers. The wafers are oriented with their lengths having a mean deviation to the longitudinal length of the panel measured in the major plane of the panel in the range of 0 to 10 degrees and a mean deviation measured in a minimum longitudinal plane perpendicular to the major plane from 0 to about 5 degrees and have an average effective length of at least 8 inches (200 mm), and preferably an average thickness less than 0.15 inches (4 mm) and a width of at least 0.25 inches (6 mm). Lumber is made by cutting the panel longitudinally. Preferably the panels are formed to have a substantially uniform density profile throughout their thicknesses.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a modified cellulose regenerated fiber having a practically endurable tenacity, and being excellent in dye-affinity, and having anti-funguses and deodorizing properties. The present invention comprises preliminarily molding chitosan or acetylated chitosan into a fine particle, mixing the fine particle body with cellulose viscose prior to spinning, and spinning the mixture, at the inclusion regenerated fiber.