Abstract: The invention is concerned with a rod shaped constructional element comprising a core of foam material at least one first layer of fibers mounted on said core, said fibers extending in a direction parallel to the axis of said core at least one second layer of fibers mounted on said first layer, said second layer of fibers crossing each other at an angle to said axis; and at least one disc element disposed transversely in said core.

Abstract: A non-combustible blanket material is provided for use in manufacture and construction application to prevent the spread of flames and heat. The blanket material includes a substrate layer made of inorganic fibers formed into a fireproof, porous cloth. In addition, a heat-expandable non-combustible layer is permanently affixed to one side of the substrate layer. This flame retardant layer includes a combination of fireproof manufactured fibrous material of relatively short length and random orientation, heat expandable particles of temperature sensitive material, and a fireproof adhesive for binding the fibrous material and the heat expandable particles together as well as binding the combination to the substrate layer. The heat expandable particles are adapted to increase the thickness of the flame retardant layer when subjected to temperatures substantially in excess of ambient.

Abstract: A heat-resistant prepreg uses at a substrate a heat-resistant material made of heat-resistant organic fibers, inorganic fibers, etc. and as a matrix a heat-resistant mixture containing at least 10% by weight of a borosiloxane resin composition. This heat-resistant prepreg is obtained by impregnating the substrate at a temperature in the range of 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. to such an extent that at least 20% of the amount of phenyl groups bonded to silicon atoms in the aforementioned borosiloxane resin composition prior to the impregnating and drying steps will remain after the heat treatment.

Abstract: A strength enhancing composition for treating textile materials in the sizing or dyeing process has been developed by the encapsulation or occlusion of colloidal silica particles with a water reducible polyester resin of intermediate molecular weight. The complex formation of the resin colloidal silica species is accomplished in an aqueous medium. The resin is prepared from isophthalic acid, diethylene glycol and trimellitic axhydride followed by neutralization with amine containing material to render the resin reducible in water. The composition may be combined with any of the conventional size materials, i.e. polyvinyl alcohol, starches, lubricants, etc., to enhance the performance of the sizing composition. The silica/resin complex may be formed in situ, or may be preformed, dried and pulverized for later use or for mixing with conventional, dry, sizing materials.

Abstract: Aqueous sizing compositions comprising from 25 to 75 percent by weight of (A) a water-soluble acrylic sizing agent modified with a water-soluble saturated polyester resin and from 75 to 25 percent by weight of (B) a wax emulsion, and yarns sized with the compositions.

Abstract: A stainproof, flame-resistant composite sheet material including at least one silicone polymer layer containing a silicon resin or rubber and optionally a flame-resistant inorganic filler and at least one stainproof surface layer containing at least one synthetic thermoplastic stain-resistant, weathering-resistant polymeric material, the silicone polymer layer and the stainproof surface layer being bonded optionally through an adhesive material, a cold plasma or corona discharge-modified surface portion of the silicone polymer layer or a cold plasma or corona discharge-modified and graft polymerization-modified surface portion of the silicone polymer layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a composite material wherein the element used to reinforce the composite material is subjected to an electrostatic field induced by a high voltage electric current, said element being then impregnated with a liquid matrix material or precursor of matrix, while still under the influence of said field, and to the composite materials obtained by carrying out said process.

Abstract: A gland packing having increased compressibility, increased allowable limit of twist, increased tensile strength, and excellent serviceability and versatility characteristics is disclosed which comprises a plurality of flexible graphite sheets cut to a width of less than 5 mm and laid in superposed relation to one another, the laid-up cut sheets being covered with a fiber material by knitting or braiding to form a knitting thread, the knitting thread being twisted. Also, a gland packing having a further increased tensile strength is disclosed wherein a plurality of strands of the knitting thread are gathered and twisted or braided. In addition, a gland packing having improved contacting and sealing properties is disclosed wherein the covering fiber material exposed on the surface of the packing is removed at least in part.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a highly flexible, silicone rubber coated inorganic yarn based sleeving and a process for making the invention comprising an inorganic yarn sleeving, i.e., glass fibers, formed into a sleeving which is then coated with a highly flexible silicone rubber which has a Shore-A durometer reading of about 40 or less of the cured silicone material.

Abstract: A stainproof, flame-resistant composite sheet material including at least one silicone polymer layer containing a silicone resin or rubber and optionally a flame-resistant inorganic filler and at least one stainproof surface layer containing at least one synthetic thermoplastic stain-resistant, weathering-resistant polymeric material, the silicone polymer layer and the stainproof surface layer being bonded optionally through an adhesive material, a cold plasma or corona discharge-modified surface portion of the silicone polymer layer or a cold plasma or corona discharge-modified and graft polymerization-modified surface portion of the silicone polymer layer.

Abstract: The use of a bath containing the same antimicrobial agent as that previously incorporated in a fiber permits the antimicrobial concentration in the fiber to be controlled when the fiber is processed through liquid media such as dye baths and the like.

Abstract: A reinforcing structural material is provided made of a plurality of fiber assembly cords interwoven into a braid, each of the cords being comprised of a plurality of fibers, and the braids being impregnated with a bonding agent for bonding together the fibers and cords. The reinforcing braid is useful for reinforcing a fibrous inorganic composite providing a product which is light in weight but excellent in strength characteristics.

Abstract: A dimensionally-recoverable fabric having an angled or branched hollow region woven therein. The fabric may have conductive fibres by means of which it exhibits electromagnetic screening. Alternatively, or additionally it may have heat-softenable or hot-melt fibres such that it becomes impermeable or is capable of bonding to a substrate on heating.

Abstract: A belt comprising a copolymer rubber and fibers and having strong adhesion strength even after heat-aging in air or oil and repeated deformation. The copolymer rubber has in its polymer chain (1) 10 to 60% by weight of units derived from an unsaturated nitrile, (2) 0 to 30% by weight of units derived from a conjugated diene and (3) 10 to 90% by weight of units derived from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than unsaturated nitriles and/or units formed by hydrogenating units derived from a conjugated diene.

Abstract: The use of a bath containing the same antimicrobial agent as that previously incorporated in a fiber permits the antimicrobial concentration in the fiber to be controlled when the fiber is processed through liquid media such as dye baths and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved, complex composite article of manufacture which comprises a network of high strength fibers having a tensile modulus of at least about 160 grams/denier and a tenacity of at least about 7 g/denier. An elastomeric matrix material substantially coats each of the individual fibers, and has a tensile modulus of less than about 6,000 psi, measured at 25.degree. C. The fibers in the matrix are provided with at least one additional rigid layer on a major surface of the fibers in the matrix to produce a rigid complex composite. Composites of this construction have improved resistance to environmental hazards, improved impact resistance, and are unexpectedly effective as ballistic resistant articles such as armor or helmets.

Abstract: A blend of two resins forming a novel monofilament comprises from about 50 to 95 parts by weight of a linear polyphenylene sulfide and, from about 5 to 50 parts by weight of a melt extrudable copolymer consisting essentially of an olefin and a halogenated monomer. The monofilament is prepared by extruding a mixture of the linear poly phenylene sulfide and the melt extrudable copolymer to form a monofilament and thereafter drawing the monofilament to a ratio of from about 3.5:1 to 6.0:1. The filament can be employed for the manufacture of fabric.

Abstract: Novel, improved binders comprising a combination of heat reactive polymers. The novel binders are especially useful as saturants for fibrous sheet materials to provide high quality shoeboard materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite laminated film suitable for use in constructing trash and other bags, in which at least one layer of a non-woven fabric material of a density in the range of 0.125 oz. to 1.5 oz. per square yard is secured to at least one layer of a plastic film. A method of continuous manufacturing of the laminate film is also disclosed.

Abstract: Improved retention on yarn and processing properties have been discovered in a composition of matter comprising meta and para pyromellitates ##STR1## and 2 to 50 percent by weight of specific dimers of I. and II., wherein A is (CH.sub.2).sub.2 (CF.sub.2).sub.n CF.sub.3, where n is 5 to 13 and B is CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 Cl.

Abstract: This invention relates to a chemical method of forming an electrically conductive polymer blend which comprises impregnating a non-porous, swellable or soluble host polymer with:(a) one or more cyclic compounds selected from the group consisting of pyrrole, aniline and substituted analogues of said group members, and(b) at least one chemical oxidant selected from the group consisting of trivalent compounds, tetravalent cerium compounds, hexavalent molybdenum, tungsten or chromium compounds, divalent copper compounds, monovalent silver compounds, nitrites, quinones, peroxides and peracids, said oxidant being dissolved in a solvent capable of swelling or solubilizing said host polymer.

Abstract: Improved retention on yarn and processing properties have been discovered in a composition of matter comprising meta and para pyromellitates ##STR1## and 70 to 95 percent by weight of specific dimers and other oligomers of I. and II., wherein A is (CH.sub.2).sub.2 (CF.sub.2).sub.n CF.sub.3, where n is 5 to 13 and B is CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 Cl.

Abstract: An electrical wire for use in high temperature applications made by providing refractory fibers that are larger than one micron in diameter and made of nonmetallic mineral material that has a melting point greater than 1200.degree. F., and applying the fibers and a binder to an electrically conductive core, to form an insulating coating around the core.

Abstract: A continuous length of reinforced plastic ribbon rod is wound on a reel and replaces a conventional oil well sucker rod formed of long sections of steel rods. The reinforced plastic has a high modulus of elasticity, is sufficiently stiff for use in pumping, and has enough flexibility to be wound onto a reel or drum. The reel of ribbon rod is positioned above oil well tubing and the ribbon rod, with an oil pump attached to its free end, is fed into the tubing and lowered to the bottom of the well. The ribbon rod is secured to a surface pumping means, and reciprocating motion is transmitted to the oil pump through the ribbon rod.

Abstract: A carbon-carbon structure useful for fabricating a nosetip for a reentry vehicle, which consists essentially of a central core, a plurality of layers of woven carbon fabric circumferentially wrapped around the core, and a carbon binder, wherein the core consists essentially of a plurality of longitudinally oriented carbon fibers.

Abstract: A rod assembly comprising a core component and a sheath component and having an elongate cross-section, the sheath component consisting of an anisotropic assembly of non-metallic filamentary elements embedded in a polymeric matrix whereby the bending stiffness for deformations about an axis parallel to the major axis of the rod assembly is less than the bending stiffness of the same core and sheath components in a radially symmetrical configuration, and in which the core and sheath components have load-elongation characteristics so that the ratio of the strain to the strain-to-break in the sheath is essentially equal to the ratio of the strain to the strain-to-break in the core throughout the working load range.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protective garment fabric material for enhanced personal protection against harmful substances present in the ambient atmosphere. This fabric is manufactured from microporous hollow fibers containing neutralization agents capable of detoxifying chemical or biological agents in the lumina of the fibers. The protective fabrics of the present invention possess enhanced mechanical strength, high efficiency, and at the same time provide a larger concentration of detoxicant per surface area than the protective fabrics of the prior art.

Abstract: A method for impregnating a bundle of sized glass fibers with a composition comprising a polytetrafluoroethylene resin, a film-forming acrylic resin, a thickening agent and a polyhydrolyzable organosilane having nonhydrolyzable amine functionality is described. The impregnated bundles are especially suited for at least the warp of fabrics for filtering entrained particulates from gases such as flue gases from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels such as coal.

Abstract: Woven, non-woven and knitted fabrics containing at least 1% by weight of specialty fibers formed from high molecular weight polymers of alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids, alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic sulfonic acids and the hydroxyalkyl esters and glycidyl esters of these acids which are cross-linked at a cross-linking density of from about 1 cross-linkage per from about 40 to about 100 repeating monomeric units of the homopolymer are capable of absorbing up to about 40% by weight of the moisture without loss of mechanical strength and other textile properties. These fabrics have anti-static properties. Sheer fabrics are useful for stockings, panty hose, underwear and the like.

Abstract: A reinforcement for a centrifugally cast, synthetic resin pole comprises a woven wire cloth interposed between a mat and an inner layer of a fibrous material. The mat is permeable to the synthetic resin and has a specific gravity lower than the specific gravity of the synthetic resin so that when the pole is fabricated, the mat and the entire reinforcement float on the synthetic resin and are ultimately disposed in the interior of the pole wall. Means for securing a lamp or the like to the pole, such as set screws or collar bands, penetrate the pole only to the woven wire cloth so that further penetration is prevented when the pole is swayed and any wobble or play between the lamp and the pole is avoided.

Abstract: A method of treating cellulose di-acetate fibers to reduce the shrinkage characteristics thereof. The fibers are first immersed in a treating solution comprising a nonionic fluorocarbon long chain polymer, an organic thermosetting resin, an acid liberating catalyst and a carrier selected from the group consisting of water, a water soluble organic solvent or a mixture of water and water soluble organic solvent. The fibers are then removed from the solution, dried at a temperature below 300.degree. F. to evaporate the water and/or solvent therefrom and cured at a temperatue above 300.degree. F. to effect polymerization of the resin and cross-linkage between the resin and the polymer. Fibers treated by the method exhibit significantly improved shrinkage characteristics without reductions in tear strength, tensile strength or abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A remarkable degree of softness and flexibility is imparted to products such as artificial fur, soft woven or knitted fabrics and the like by using relatively small diameter fibers having a low elastic modulus. The fiber diameter and elastic modulus are selected to obtain a stiffness parameter of less than 8.5.times.10.sup.-9 but preferably greater than 1.0.times.10.sup.-11 lb-in.sup.2.

Abstract: A woven or knitted polyester multifilament fabric having a silk-like appearance and touch, comprised of polyester multifilament yarns containing one or more types of porous polyester filaments each having an irregular cross-sectional profile, for example, C-, L- or V-shaped profile, and numerous fine linear concave parts formed on the peripheral surface thereof and extending along the longitudinal axis of each individual filaments, the fabric being characterized by a group of said concave parts corresponding to a half of the entire number of the concave parts, each having a length of 5 microns or more and a ratio of the length to the width of each concave part of 5 or more.

Abstract: A process for the production of oligomeric mixtures useful as surfactants is disclosed. The initial step of the process comprises reacting pyromellitic dianhydride with a fluoroalcohol using a mole ratio of about one mole pyromellitic dianhydride per two moles of fluoroalcohol to produce an intermediate which contains two fluorinated ester moieties and two free acid moieties. Thereafter, the intermediate diester-diacid is reacted with an excess of an oxirane compound such as epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin or propylene oxide wherein said oxirane compound reacts with the free acid moieties to produce ester moieties containing a primary or secondary alcohol moiety. In the final step of the process, additional pyromellitic dianhydride is added to the reaction mixture so that the alcohol moieties may react with anhydride moieties to produce ester linking groups (between pyromellitate nuclei) and additional free acid moieties capable of reacting with the oxirane compound.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the manufacture of textile fabrics having resin coated components. The method comprises coating staple fibers with crosslinkable polymeric resins, forming the desired fabrics from the fibers and then cross-linking the resin coating.

Abstract: Hollow water-absorbing polyester filaments each having a number of fine caves which are evenly distributed in at least a portion of the filament and through which the hollow is connected to the outside of the filament, are produced (1) by prepared hollow filaments from a blend of a principal polyester component and a cave-forming agent consisting of at least one member selected from:(i) copolyesters containing an additional divalent organic sulfonic acid compound moiety of the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein Z is a trivalent aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, M.sup.1 is H or metal atom, R.sup.1 is an ester-forming organic radical and R.sup.2 is an H atom or ester-forming organic radical;(ii) phosphorus compounds of the formula (III): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 is a monovalent organic radical, X is --OR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is an H atom or a monovalent organic radical, --OM.sup.3, wherein M.sup.3 is a metal atom, or a monovalent organic radical, M.sup.

Abstract: Hollow water-absorbing polyester filaments each having a number of fine caves which are evenly distributed in at least a portion of the filament and through which the hollow is connected to the outside of the filament, are produced (1) by preparing hollow filaments from a blend of a principal polyester component and a cave-forming agent consisting of at least one member selected from:(i) copolyesters containing an additional divalent organic sulfonic acid compound moiety of the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein Z is a trivalent aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, M.sup.1 is H or metal atom, R.sup.1 is an ester-forming organic radical and R.sup.2 is an H atom or ester-forming organic radical;(ii) phosphorus compounds of the formula (III): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 is a monovalent organic radical, X is --OR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is an H atom or a monovalent organic radical, --OM.sup.3, wherein M.sup.3 is a metal atom, or a monovalent organic radical, M.sup.

Abstract: Interlaminar shear strength of an aircraft wing made of graphite-epoxy laate is significantly increased by embedding thin steel wires in preselected locations of high stress in alternating rows .+-.45.degree. to the plane of the laminate before it is cured. This cross wire reinforcement prevents brittle delamination, arrests propagation of delamination and reduces scatter of interlaminar strength.

Abstract: Polymers of esters of methacrylic acid having an average chain length of about 6 to about 50 mers are prepared by an anionic polymerization reaction, carried out in the presence of a chain-regulating alcohol and a catalytic amount of an alkoxide anion, in which control of the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymer are achieved by regulating the ratio of the total quantity of alcohol employed to the total monomer charge. These polymers, their hydrolysis products, and their derivatives having condensation-crosslinkable functionality have a wide variety of applications, including use as components in films, coatings, fibers, impregnants, adhesives, printing inks, and binders, and use as modifiers, plasticizers, melt flow improvers, and leveling agents.

Abstract: A carbon fibre reinforced carbon article is prepared by wrapping carbon fibre cloth around a carbon fibre reinforced carbon core and then depositing elemental carbon on the core and in the cloth to bond the cloth to the core, leaving substantial interstices in the covering layer of cloth.

Abstract: A drawn gear-crimped polyester yarn with latent bulk is provided, the amount and nature of the bulk being such that the yarn has an initial crimp as defined of at least 1.5%, preferably of above 2%, and a mechanical crimp stability as defined of above 0%. The crimped polyester yarn may be produced by heating a drawable polyester yarn having a birefringence in the range 32.times.10.sup.-3 to 125.times.10.sup.-3 inclusive, preferably 35.times.10.sup.-3 to 125.times.10.sup.-3 inclusive, crimping the yarn by guiding it between the intermeshing teeth of a set of toothed wheels such that the yarn is caused to follow a sharply zig-zag path, the toothed wheels being rotated at a sufficient speed such that the yarn is drawn by the tension so imparted to the yarn by the toothed wheels and subsequently forwarding the crimped yarn from the teethed wheels under a controlled tension within the range 0.15 to 0.50 g per decitex inclusive, based on the decitex of the drawn polyester yarn.

Abstract: Energy absorbing composite materials for use as building elements and the manufacture of articles having fail-safe characteristics. The composite comprises a plurality of helically wrapped reinforcing filaments embedded in a matrix material.

Abstract: An improved elongated blade or blade spar comprises successive low-pitch circumferentially wrapped convolutions of a synthetic resin impregnated tape having elongated cut glass and substantially parallel and equal length filaments wherein successive convolutions are overlapped approximately 50% and wherein the axis of the elongated strands lie at an angle of less than 30.degree. from the elongated spar axis. Preferably, resin impregnated filamentary strands are circumferentially wrapped around the mandrel substantially parallel with the direction of the tape wrap between selected tape layers. The improved blade spar mandrel wrapping apparatus includes a split ring support for the mandrel and through which the mandrel extends. The support ring halves may be separated, moved and rejoined during the mandrel wrapping process.

Abstract: A coating composition for producing coated glass fiber strands and the coated glass fiber strands are provided, where the coated strands have good knot tensile strength and improved processability. The coating composition has a carboxylated elastomeric latex, an elastomeric plasticizer, a hydrophilic/lipophilic agent, an antioxidant, wax emulsion, anti-foaming agent, tertiary amine, polyhydroxylated glycol, and a pH in the range of about 8.7 to about 9.5. The coated glass fiber strand has the aforementioned coating in an amount of about 10 to about 20 (LOI) loss on ignition.

Abstract: An acid of the formula A--COOH).sub.x, or an anhydride thereof, wherein x is an integer of 1 or 2, wherein the acid groups are vicinal if x is 2, and A is phenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkylene, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkenylene, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 bridged or nonbridged cycloalkylene or cylcoalkenylene, with the proviso that A is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl if x is 1, renders ethylene-propylene-nonconjugated diene elastomers more adherent to fibers that have been treated with a resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex dip when said elastomers are cured directly onto said fibers.

Abstract: A process for forming a polyester textile fabric comprised of multifilament yarns having at least about five broken and fibrillated ends per square centimeter of fabric.

Abstract: Non-woven fabrics suitable for use as carpeting and the like are produced by needlepunching staple length monofilament fibers having an elastic modulus of from 5,000 to 60,000 psi. The fibers are also characterized by an area moment of inertia of from 400.times.10.sup.14 to 7,000.times.10.sup.14 in.sup.4 and a stiffness parameter of from 1.times.10.sup.-5 to 1.times.10.sup.-8 lb-in.sup.2.

Abstract: Chemically modified cellulose fibers such as those which have been subjected to phosphorylation or carboxymethylation or to polymer grafting-hydrolysis are refined in the presence of water, centrifuged to remove unbound water and extruded into filaments. The individual fibers are identifiable within the filaments and are generally aligned parallel to the filament axis. Certain embodiments of the filaments are highly absorbent, have fast wicking rates, and may be self-bonded to form integral nonwoven webs for use in disposable diapers, sanitary products, wipers and the like.

Abstract: A rope comprising at least two strips of woven fabric, each said strip having wefts projecting from the woven edge thereof and said strips being twisted together so that the woven parts thereof form a core with the projecting wefts extending substantially radially outwardly from the core.

Abstract: A separable unitary composite fiber of the type having a substantially uniformly shaped transverse cross-section along its length and comprised of at least two different polymer components, one of which is soluble in a given solvent and the other of which is relatively insoluble in the given solvent; a plurality of segments of the relatively insoluble polymer component being isolated from each other by the intervening soluble polymer component in the transverse cross-section of the composite fiber. The composite fiber is characterized in that the soluble polymer component is a polyester comprised of 80 to 97% by mole of ethylene terephthalate units and 3 to 20% by mole of ethylene 5-sodium-sulfoisophthalate units, and the relatively insoluble polymer component is a fiber-forming polyester and/or polyamide.