Abstract: A multi-layer article comprises a fluoropolymer layer comprising interpolymerized units derived from vinylidene fluoride, and a melt-processable, substantially non-fluorinated polymer layer comprising a polyamide, polyimide, polyurethane, or a carboxyl, anhydride, or imide functionalized polyolefin. The non-fluorinated polymer layer further contains an aliphatic di-, or polyamine which provides increased adhesion between the fluoropolymer layer and the non-fluorinated polymer layer.

Abstract: Films comprising a first layer, composition of said first layer comprising a blend of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer; linear low density polyethylene; a second ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer; and slip; a second layer, composition of said second layer comprising ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and wherein each first and second layer having two surfaces; a third layer, composition of said third layer comprising vinylidene chloride methyl acrylate and wherein said third layer is disposed between said first and second layer; a fourth layer, composition of said fourth layer being the same as said first layer wherein said fourth layer is adhered to said first layer on the surface opposite said third layer; and a fifth layer, composition of said fifth layer comprising a blend of linear low density polyethylene and low density polyethylene wherein said fifth layer is adhered to said second layer on the surface opposite said third layer are provided for.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a laminated packaging material (10) comprising a core layer (11) of paper or paperboard and a layer (12) of polyvinyl alcohol serving as oxygen gas barrier on one side of the core layer. In order to avoid excessively large quantities of polyvinyl alcohol on application of the oxygen gas barrier layer (12), a layer (13) is applied which serves as a binder and consists of a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and a gel-forming substance, for example agar, between the polyvinyl alcohol layer (12) and the core layer (11), with the aid of which excessive penetration of polyvinyl A alcohol into the core layer (11) is effectively counteracted, at the same time as the applied binder layer (13) smoothes and evens out the coarse surface structure of the core layer (11) and forms a smooth substrate for the polyvinyl alcohol layer (12). The quantity of gel-forming substance in the binder layer (13) may amount to between 1 and 20 per cent of the total weight of the mixture.

Abstract: A high-barrier non-foil laminate composition is disclosed. The laminate composition comprises an outer heat stable layer, a barrier layer, and an inner layer that readily adheres to metal with the application of heat. The outer and inner layers may be bonded to the barrier layer by means of adhesive layers. Preferably, the outer layer comprises a material with a higher melting temperature than the inner layer such as polyethylene terephthalate. The barrier layer may be a high-barrier saran and the sealant layer may be a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid.

Abstract: A multilayer, preferably heat-shrinkable, thermoplastic film for cheese packaging which comprises(a) a core barrier layer comprising a blend of from about 40 to about 85% by weight of nylon 6/12 and from about 15 to about 60% by weight of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer; and(b) a heat-sealing layer comprising an ethylene-.alpha.-olefin polymer with a density .ltoreq.0.915 g/cc.

Abstract: Improved flexible film and tubing for medical products manufactured from a PVC compound, comprising an amount of ultra high molecular weight (UHMW) PVC resin having an inherent viscosity ranging from about 1.25 to about 2.00, most preferably about 1.71, and about 43 to about 57 percent by weight of a medically acceptable plasticizer, most preferably about 53 percent, such as tri (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM).

Abstract: A novel field emitter material, field emission electron source, and commercially feasible fabrication method is described. The inventive field emission electron source produces reliable electron currents of up to 400 mA/cm.sup.2 at 200 volts. The emitter is robust and the current it produces is not sensitive to variability of vacuum or the distance between the emitter tip and the cathode. The novel emitter has a sharp turn-on near 100 volts.

Abstract: A blend composition having improved environmental stress cracking resistance or environmental fatigue resistance, including an ethylene vinyl alcohol polymer and a polymer of ethylene with at least one selected from the group consisting of alpha olefin having at least 2 carbon atoms, and an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic ester monomer. Flexible products may be made from the blend by heating the blend above its melting point, forming the melted blend into a desired shape, and then cooling the shape below its melting point.

Abstract: The instant invention involves a process used in preparing fibrous tows which may be formed into polymeric plastic composites. The process involves the steps of (a) forming a carbon fiber tow; (b) forming a thermoplastic polymeric fiber tow; (c) intermixing the two tows; and (d) withdrawing the intermixed tow for further use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for minimizing the formation of undesirable byproducts in ozonated liquids comprising the steps of:providing a container comprising a polyester comprising repeat units from a dicarboxylic acid component comprising at least about 85 mole percent terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or a mixture thereof and at least about 85 mole percent ethylene glycol; and from about--to about--weight % of at least one polyamide which displays a melting point below that of said polyester, andfilling said container with an ozonated liquid.

Abstract: A flavor-retaining multi-layer plastic container comprising an intermediate layer of a cyclic olefin copolymer and inner and outer layers of a non-cyclic olefin resin or an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer jointed together via an adhesive, effectively eliminating the degradation in the adhesion when the container is filled with fragrant components and after the elapse of time. The flavor-retaining plastic multi-layer container comprises, inner and outer layers of a non-cyclic olefin resin, and an intermediate layer of a cyclic olefin copolymer adhered together via adhesive resin layers, wherein said adhesive resin is a linear very-low-density polyethylene having a density of from 0.800 to 0.910 g/cm.sup.3 obtained by the copolymerization of an ethylene with an .alpha.-olefin of an amount of from 6 to 20 mol % per the resin, or is an acid-modified product thereof.

Abstract: A package having a lid bonded to a support member with a heat-seal to enclose a product between the support member and lid. The lid is at least partially heat-shrinkable and has a first peripheral portion and a second peripheral portion, the first peripheral portion being heat-contracted toward the heat-seal to a greater degree relative to the second peripheral portion so that the second peripheral portion provides a tab which can be manually grasped for peeling the lid.

Abstract: The invention features an empty device for receiving a bioactive agent. The device includes a biocompatible and semi-permeable membrane that defines an enclosed space; the membrane also has at least one end that defines an opening for introducing the bioactive agent into the enclosed space. The device is configured to be placed in an animal.In one embodiment of the invention, the membrane has an inner surface and an outer surface, where the inner surface defines the inner surface, and includes a biocompatible adhesive in the general region of the opening to allow sealing of the opening after the introduction of the bioactive agent into the enclosed space.Another embodiment of the invention includes a biocompatible frame mounted in supporting relationship to the membrane and defining an opening for introducing the bioactive agent into the enclosed space. The frame has greater porosity than the membrane.

Abstract: A laminated film includes an outer-layer-film, a water-soluble film, and an intermediate layer interposed between the outer-layer-film and the water-soluble film. The intermediate layer contains high-pressure polyethylene oxidized to a prescribed degree on a surface thereof contiguous to the water-soluble film. The outer-layer-film and the intermediate layer adhere fast to each other. The intermediate layer and the water-soluble film directly contact each other and adhere so weakly to each other as to be peelable. The water-soluble film includes a water-soluble substrative film and water-soluble anchor coating agent distributed on a surface of the water-soluble substrative film contiguous to said intermediate layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to multi-layer film compositions which can be thermoformed and heat set into clear, transparent articles, having excellent barrier properties. The compositions comprise at least one barrier layer and at least one polyester layer, whereby the polyester layer will quickly crystallize and heat set into an optically clear layer material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fuel tank of multi-layer construction having good impact resistance as well as good barrier properties for gasoline, especially one containing methanol and MTBE.The fuel tank comprises (a) inner and outer layers of high-density polyethylene, (b) intermediate layers of adhesive resin, and (c) a core layer of ethylene-vinylalcohol copolymer, with said core layer (c) being shifted to the inside. For better performance, the layer (c) has a thickness which satisfies the formula below.0.005.ltoreq.A/B.ltoreq.0.13 (1)where A is the thickness of the layer (c), andB is the thickness of all the layers.The fuel tank is suitable especially for oxygen-containing gasoline.

Abstract: A forming material for the fabrication of appliances for fixing, supporting, correcting and holding human bodies, characterized by a main forming material body including a quantity of granulated materials each coated with a moisture-curable urethane prepolymer contained within a water-permeable material container, the main forming material body being hermetically enclosed in a moisture-impermeable material container, wherein the moisture-curable urethane prepolymer and the water-permeable material container are unreactive with each other and have a low adhesive strength with respect to each other to provide good long term preservability and ease of operability to allow modeling and conforming the main forming material body to a desired shape.

Abstract: A method for reducing the corrosive chemical vapor permeability of a polyfluoroorgano resin substrate which comprises coating its outer surface with a vinylidene dichloride copolymer. The method produces a polyfluoroorgano resin substrate-vinylidene dichloride copolymer composite, for example a TEFLON-perfluoralkyl vinylether copolymer pipe having its surface immediate to the environment treated with a vinylidene dichloride/vinyl chloride copolymer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multilayer polymer film and a multichamber bag, whose bag chambers are formed by seams in the outer border zone and by at least one seam in the chamber separation zone, whereby the seams are formed from the polymer materials facing the chambers. The polymer materials facing the chambers are inseparably sealed together in the outer border zone and sealed together in the chamber separation zone such that the seam is separable with a force which lies in the range from 5 to 20 N. The different strength of the bond from the sealing process is obtained by varying sealing temperatures.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a laminar wrapping paper is provided comprising first and second paper layers or laminae. Each lamina has an inside surface coated with a barrier coating. The layers are laminated by heat lamination, wherein the barrier coatings are melted together, or by providing an adhesive between the coated inside surfaces. The lamination may be accomplished in a selective or discontinuous manner in order to form air pockets within the laminar structure to increase the insulation characteristics of the wrapping paper. A plasticizer is applied to the outside surface of the first lamina. Graphic designs or lettering may be printed on the outside surface to identify the wrapped product or for purposes of decoration. The present invention is also directed at a process and apparatus for manufacturing the laminar wrapping paper described herein. First and second webs of paper are unrolled and passed through coating apparatus to coat one side of each web with a barrier coating.

Abstract: A bottle molded from a polyester composition comprising 97 to 99.99% by weight of a polyester and 3 to 0.01% by weight of a polyester elastomer, which bottle exhibits dimensional change ratios of not greater than 5% measured in the height direction of the bottle and also not greater than 5% measured in the wall part diameter direction of the bottle and has an overturning angle of at least 10.degree., when the bottle was subjected to a hot bath test in which the bottle is filled with a beverage containing 2.5 gas volume carbon dioxide at 23.degree. C., stoppered and immersed in sealed condition in a hot bath heated at 70.degree. C. Thus, the bottle retains self-standing property without deformation even after it is filled with a carbonated beverage and subjected to heat sterilization.

Abstract: A solidified water soluble wood preservative characterized by a solidified elongate body of a boron compound known as having beneficial effects as a wood preservative, in combination with copper oxide. The method of making the solidified water soluble wood preservative includes the following steps. Firstly, mixing powder-form copper oxide (CuO) and a powder-form boron compound known as having beneficial effects as a wood preservative to form a powder mixture. Secondly, heating the powder mixture at temperatures in excess of 700 degrees celsius until the powder mixture melts to form a homogeneous liquid mixture. Thirdly, forming the homogeneous liquid mixture into a body. Fourthly, annealing the body at temperatures of between 300 and 550 degrees celsius.

Abstract: A multiple layer structure comprising a skin layer composed of a polypropylene copolymer with styrene ethylene-butene styrene block copolymer within a range of 0-20% by weight skin layer, and, a radio frequency ("RF") susceptible layer adhered to the skin layer. The RF layer has a first component of a propylene based polymer, a second component of a nonpropylene polyolefin, a third component of a radio frequency susceptible polymer, and a fourth component of a polymeric compatibilizing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multilayer product for the production of packaging, the product comprising a carrier web (1), on one face of which there is disposed a tight multilayer coating (2) which includes a moisture-proof layer (b) and a gas-tight layer (a). The gas-tight layer is made up of a blend of an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer and a polar ethylene polymer. The moisture-proof layer is polyolefin, preferably a blend of polyethylene and a polar ethylene polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing; a high water-containing elastomer medical catheter and a urinary catheter prepared by the process. The process comprises a) heating a mixture consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, water, sulfoxide and linear alkane, in a sealed vessel with agitating; b) pouring the resulting homogeneous fluid into a mould; c) solidifying the fluid by cooling; d) releasing the solidified fluid from the mould; and e) heat-treating the resulting medical catheter and washing with a polar organic solvent. The medical catheter and the urinary catheter of the present invention have excellent lubricity.

Abstract: A multi-layer sealant film having a high transparency, which comprises: (1) a high-density polyethylene layer comprising a high-density polyethylene having a melting point of not less than 122.degree. C. and a crystallization temperature of not less than 110.degree. C.; and (2) a polyolefin layer comprising a polyolefin having a crystallization temperature of not more than 109.degree. C., wherein the multi-layer sealant film is produced by co-extruding the high-density polyethylene and the polyolefin to form a multi-layer film, and the high-density polyethylene layer is used as a heat seal layer. Also disclosed are a multi-layer packaging film comprising the multi-layer sealant film having a transparent substrate on the side opposite to layer (1), and a pouch obtained by heat-sealing the packaging film so that layer (1) comes to be the innermost layer thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to amorphous fibers containing Si, B and N, to a process for the production thereof and to the use thereof, and to composites containing these amorphous fibers and the production thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-layer, coextruded, biaxially oriented tubular sausage casing with improved oxygen barrier properties especially for wrapping sausages, which are heat treated after filling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multilayer film, which is useful for making flexible sachets, comprising (i) a barrier film based on a mixture of polyamide and of polyolefin, and (ii), on at least one of its faces, a film based on a copolymer of ethylene and of an unsaturated ester, which can be welded by high frequency.The invention is useful for making flexible sachets of detergents, of bleach or of textile softeners.

Abstract: This invention concerns a multilayer film useful as release sheet for sheet molding compounds, comprising a first skin layer, a second skin layer, a barrier layer for monomeric resins wherein the barrier layer is between the first and second skin layers and the first and second skin layers comprise a mixture of polyolefin and adhesive resin. This invention also pertains to the multilayer films method of production, as well as an SMC sheet employing the multilayer film.

Abstract: A coated sheet material made by : (a) coating a porous substrate sheet material with a barrier coating composition comprising (i) a cross-linkable polymer resistant to penetration by water moisture, and (ii) a water-dispersible film-forming polymer that is resistant to penetration by grease and oil, said barrier coating composition forming a barrier layer on said substrate sheet material; and (b) coating said barrier layer with a release coating composition wherein the cross-linkable polymer and the water-dispersible film-forming polymer are different. The coated sheet material is useful in forming articles and food wrappers for use in conventional or microwave ovens.

Abstract: A multilayer preform and container, and method of forming the same, having at least one layer including polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) to provide enhanced oxygen barrier performance and thermal stability. The PEN layer may be a homopolymer, copolymer, or blend of PEN. In a first high-PEN embodiment, the exterior layer contains on the order of 80-100% PEN and 0-20% PET by total weight of the layer, and a core layer of a non-strain hardenable polyester such as PETG. In a second low-PEN embodiment, the exterior layer includes a strain hardenable low-PEN copolymer or blend including on the order of 1-20% PEN and 80-99% PET, and the core layer is a strain-hardenable polyester such as a low-copolymer PET. In a third mid-range PEN embodiment, the exterior wall includes a substantially amorphous PEN copolymer or blend containing on the order of 20-80% PEN and 80-20% of another polyester such as PET, and a strain-hardened core layer of polyester such as a low-copolymer PET.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a thermoformable film or sheet superior in gas barrier properties, mechanical properties, and appearance, a thermoformed container produced therefrom, and a resin composition suitable therefor. A thermoformable multilayer film with a total thickness of 50-300 .mu.m, comprising a layer of a resin composition with a thickness of 3-50 .mu.m, said resin composition comprising 60-99 wt % of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and 40-1 wt % of ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymer, said ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymer being dispersed in the form of particles in the matrix of said ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, wherein said ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene content of 20-60 mol % and a degree of hydrolysis of not less than than 90%, and said ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymer containing 1-30 wt % of (meth)acrylic acid.The EVOH may be a mixture of more than one kind of EVOH differing in ethylene content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multilayer polyester sheet comprising:a base layer comprising a thermoplastic polyester resin (A) having a glass transition temperature of not less than 80.degree. C., anda sealing layer comprising a thermoplastic polyester resin (B) having a glass transition temperature at least 5.degree. C. lower than that of the base layer and laminated on at least one side of the base layer,said multilayer polyester sheet being a substantially non-stretched transparent sheet.

Abstract: A thin-wall PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tube in the form of a tube of porous expanded PTFE film wherein the porous PTFE film has a microstructure containing a multiplicity of fibrils oriented substantially parallel to each other. The tube has a wall thickness of less than about 0.25 mm and is made from at least one first layer and at least one second layer of porous PTFE film, wherein the fibrils of the first and second layers are oriented substantially perpendicular to each other. Preferably the fibrils of the at least one first layer are oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube and the fibrils of the at least one second layer of porous PTFE film are oriented substantially circumferential to the tube. The first and second layers may be inner and outer layers respectively, or alternatively their relationship may be reversed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound container which can completely be separated into paper and plastics upon abandonment thereof, whose volume can substantially be reduced upon abandonment, which permits the reduction of the amounts of paper and plastics to be used, which exhibits excellent resistance to falling impact, which has a high oxygen gas barrier properties or water vapor barrier properties. This compound container comprises an inner container of a plastic and an outer container of paper or mainly comprising paper, wherein the inner container is produced by blow-molding or stretch blow-molding a resin composition comprising at least two resins including a barrier resin.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a cylindrically shaped article, wherein a thermoplastic layer is formed on the surface of the cylindrically shaped article precisely and at low cost. To achieve this, the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrically shaped article supported on a columnar member is coated with particles of a thermoplastic resin, a tubular molding member is fitted on the cylindrically shaped article coated with a film of the particles of thermoplastic resin, and at least the columnar member is then heated to calcine the thermoplastic resin film.

Abstract: Improved flexible film and tubing for medical products manufactured from a PVC compound, comprising an amount of ultra high molecular weight (UHMW) PVC resin having an inherent viscosity ranging from about 1.25 to about 2.00, most preferably about 1.71, and about 43 to about 57 percent by weight of a medically acceptable plasticizer, most preferably about 53 percent, such as tri (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM).

Abstract: A composite material protected by oxidation at intermediate temperatures exceeding 850.degree. C. comprises fiber reinforcement densified by a matrix which includes at least one self-healing phase including a glass-precursor component such as B.sub.4 C or an Si--B--C system, together with excess free carbon (C) at a mass percentage lying in the range 10% to 35%. The, or each, self-healing phase can be interposed between two ceramic matrix phases, e.g. of SiC. While the material is exposed to an oxidizing medium, oxidation of the free carbon promotes oxidation of the precursor and transformation thereof into a glass capable of plugging the cracks in the matrix by self-healing.

Abstract: A carbon-based composite is made by the steps of(1) impregnating a fibrous material with a phthalonitrile thermoset polymer precursor,(2) curing the product of step (1) to form a fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer and(3) pyrolyzing the product of step (2) to form the carbon-based composite. The carbon-based composite may be made with only one cycle of the steps (1), (2), and (3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a closure giving a tight mechanical seal and preferably made from metal or plastic, with an insert on its inner side as a sealing element for containers, in particular for bottles and glassware, where the insert is composed of at least one polyolefin which can be prepared using catalysts selected from the class consisting of the metallocenes.

Abstract: A laminate structure comprises one or more layers of an organic polymer and one or more layers of a hydroxy-functionalized polyetheramine, wherein the hydroxy-functionalized polyetheramine layer is adhered directly to a contiguous organic polymer layer without an adhesive layer therebetween. The hydroxy-functionalized polyetheramine is prepared by reacting (1) a difunctional amine with (2) a diglycidyl ether or a diepoxy-functionalized poly(alkylene oxide) under conditions sufficient to cause the amine moieties to react with the epoxy moieties to form a polymer backbone having amine linkages, ether linkages and pendant hydroxyl moieties and then treating the reaction product with a monofunctional nucleophile which is not a primary or secondary amine.

Abstract: Packaging material for packaging moisture-sensitive products, for example soft cheese which in some cases undergoes a maturing process in the packaging.The packaging material contains at least two functional layers,a) a first functional layer (10, 11) which exhibits mechanical strength and can take up, store and release moisture, e.g. coated paper andb) a second functional layer (12, 13) which lies on the first functional layer and exhibits permeability to gases, the said permeability varying as a function of the moisture, e.g. a plastic laminate comprising an ionomer resin and a polyamide,the first functional layer and the second functional layer being permanently joined to each other.

Abstract: An improved fiber reinforced glass composite includes a boron-containing refractory fiber having its surface enriched with boron nitride in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. Preferably the black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane or non-cyclic siloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group. The boron nitride-containing fiber is the product of treating the boron-containing fiber with ammonia at a temperature between about 1100.degree. C. and 1250.degree. C. Fibrous failure rather than brittle failure under stress can be obtained.

Abstract: Products in the form of cushioning devices made from flexible membranes employing at least one layer including thermoplastic urethane and at least one layer of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol are inflatable to a relatively high pressure. The cushioning devices maintain the internal inflatant pressure for extended periods of time by employing a phenomenon referred to in the industry as diffusion pumping. Ideally, the cushioning devices of the present invention can be permanently inflated with gases such as nitrogen or air.

Abstract: A package for oxygen sensitive goods is made using a barrier material, an oxygen scavenging system, and a polymeric base which is reactive with the by-products of oxygen scavenging. Such packages demonstrate improved product quality.

Abstract: A laminated film comprising a base film and a layer which contains an inorganic layered compound and a resin and is formed by gravure coating a coating fluid comprising the inorganic layered compound and the resin under the conditions satisfying the following equation:7<log?2((G/B).times.100).sup.2 .times.(B+G).sup.2 .times.(GM)!<13wherein G is a rotational speed of a gravure roll (m/min.), B is a rotational speed of a backing roll (m/min.) and GM is a mesh number of a gravure roll, which film has good transparency and gas barrier properties.

Abstract: A system to deliver gas/vapor from solid materials. Specifically, the delivery system for the use of gas or vapor released from a solid material, such as a non-aqueous/solid hydrogen peroxide complex. The system is comprised of a delivery system that is configured to receive a plurality of disks containing the solid material and provide these disks into an injector. The injector heats the disks to produce a gas or vapor that is then provided into a chamber. The sterilization process can be done by gas or vapor alone, or in combination with plasma or ultra violet radiation. In particular, a control system automatically induces the delivery system to provide the injector with a disk and then remove the disk once the injection sequence is complete.

Abstract: A gas barrier film comprising a polyamide film and an inorganic deposited layer laminated thereon, wherein the maximum shrinkage percentage after boiling treatment at 95.degree. C. for 30 minutes is not more than 3.5%. The gas barrier film of the present invention has excellent gas barrier property and water vapor-proof property even after boiling or retort treatment. Hence, the film of the present invention can serve well as a wrapping material for a wide range of objects that require high gas barrier property, such as food, medical products, industrial materials and the like, and has great industrial value.

Abstract: Process for forming a multilayered plastic article and multilayered plastic preform and container, wherein a polyepoxide or a liquid crystal polymer in the liquid form is applied to a substrate in a thickness which varies over the extent of the substrate to form a multilayered substrate, forming a tubular liner from said multilayered substrate, and coating the tubular liner with an outer layer.