Abstract: A structure which is useful for making containers for dentifrices, such as tubes, is comprised of a structure where the layer which contacts the dentifrice consists of a blend of polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene. Other layers can consist of adhesives, paper, foils, other polymers and the like depending on the properties desired. A polybutylene terephthalate-polyethylene layer has been found to have a low degree of absorption of flavorant.

Abstract: Multi-layered films are disclosed which have a barrier layer and at least one seal layer. The seal layer is made with a copolymer of ethylene and ethylenically unsaturated ester. The seal layer is radio frequency (RF) sealable and the seal layer has an anti-block matted surface. The matted seal layer surface permits a lower slip and anti-block additive level which improves RF sealing and heat sealing.

Abstract: The invention is a continuous, substrate-free fiber comprising amorphous boron having a tensile strength ranging from about 750 kpsi to over 1000 kpsi, and a diameter which may be varied with the number or diffraction limited laser focal spot size to provide fiber diameter as small as 0.01 micron.

Abstract: The invention relates to composites of plastic films and packaging forms made thereof that feature a permeability barrier layer, said forms of packaging being made from a composite featuring, from outside to inside, for example the layersa.sub.o) a polyester film of thickness 6 to 23 .mu.m,b) a ceramic layer of thickness 10 to 500 .mu.m, for example of the general formula SiO.sub.x,a) a polyester film of thickness 6 to 23 .mu.m, if desired with a further ceramic layer b) andc) a polyolefin film of thickness 15 to 200 .mu.m.The invention relates also to the use of the packaging forms e.g. pouch, net, or self-standing pouch forms for foodstuffs, foodstuff preparations semi-luxury consumables and semi-luxury consumable preparations.

Abstract: A deeply dyed polyester fabric exhibiting a lightness index L* value of 25 to 60. Fibers at least in the surface layer portion of either or both of the warps and wefts exhibit a light transmittance to an extent such that the difference .DELTA.X (%) between the light transmittance X.perp. (%) of polarized light vibrating perpendicular to the fiber axis at a wavelength of the maximum absorption and the light transmittance X .sup.[ (%) of polarized light vibrating parallel to the fiber axis at the same wavelength is not larger than 10%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photographic processing chemicals kit comprising a processing agent and a flexible container formed of multilayer film. The chemicals kit provide a photographic processing chemicals packaging material capable of protecting the photographic processing characteristics of its content against any storage conditions accompanied by a high temperature or vibration.

Abstract: A barrier coating is formed on a polymeric article, such as on the interior of a thermoplastic container. An oxidizing gas is converted to a plasma in a plasma chamber remote from the treatment chamber. The resulting plasma-activated oxidizing species are delivered to the interior of the container. An organosilicon reactant vapor is separately but simultaneously delivered to the interior of the container so that the organosilicon vapor and oxidizing active species mix within the container. An electric field is also applied to the container, so that the reaction products are deposited under the influence of the electrical field to form the barrier coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a food packaging bag comprising a water-resistant perforated sheet part which composes of at least a part of an outer layer of the bag, a moisture permeable waterproof film which is laminated by bonding in part to an inside of the perforated sheet part as an inner layer to form a moisture permeable waterproof part, and a waterproof sheet part which composes of the rest of the outer layer part. Further, when, if desired, an absorbent sheet layer is provided on at least a part of the inside of the waterproof sheet part, the functions of the moisture permeable waterproof film such as moisture permeability are scarcely impaired when the packed food is heat-cooked, and the moisture permeable waterproof film weak in strength is seldom broken by scraping distribution or bursting during cooking with heat.

Abstract: A laminate-tube container having a shoulder with improved barrier properties is characterized in that the shoulder comprises a material composed of (A) 0 to 50% by weight of polyethylene, (B) 10 to 50% by weight of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and (c) 10 to 90% by weight of a carboxylic acid-modified adhesive polyethylene resin. The laminate-tube is markedly improved in the gas barrier property at the shoulder thereof and, thus, the quality of the contents of the container can be maintained for a long period of time. The laminate-tube container according to the present invention is extremely useful as containers used for toothpaste, medicine, food, drinks, adhesives or the like.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced glass or glass-ceramic matrix composite articles are described which comprise spaced apart face sheets connected by ribs which extend between the face sheets. The fibers in the ribs are interwoven with the fibers in the face sheets, thereby producing a structure having high shear strength.

Abstract: Polymer blends of a) polymers containing predominantly mers of (meth)acrylates and/or glutarimides with b) up to about 40 weight percent of polymers having greater than about 50 tool % vinyl alcohol mers exhibit useful barrier properties to oxygen and other environmental gases, while maintaining or enhancing physical properties and clarity.

Abstract: A carbon composite material reinforced with a carbon fiber and an inorganic fiber. The composite material has a core formed of a carbon fiber-reinforced carbon composite comprising a carbon fiber reinforcement and a carbon matrix, The core is externally covered with an inorganic fiber-reinforced carbon composite comprising an inorganic fiber reinforcement, other than carbon, and a matrix composed either of carbon alone or a mixture of carbon and boride. This provides for sound and steady protection against oxidation, as well as for retention of high strength in an oxidizing atmosphere at high temperatures.

Abstract: A sealing composition for a container closure comprises a polymeric matrix material and its oxygen permeability is reduced by incorporating ethylene vinyl alcohol polymer into the composition. The composition can be in fluid or meltable form ready for application to a closure or it can be present as a deposit on the closure, for instance a gasket around the closure.

Abstract: A multilayer structure, especially a multilayer film, for packaging alkaline, or caustic, compositions. The multilayer structure consists essentially of:(1) a first layer of an acid functional polymer that is soluble in aqueous alkaline medium,(2) a second layer of a partially hydrolyzed, thermoplastic PVOH, and, optionally,(3) a third layer of a fully hydrolyzed, thermoplastic PVOH.

Abstract: Carbonaceous material according to the invention is protected against oxidation by boron carbonitride, which is infiltrated (4) or deposited in layer form (8) and which contains in atomic %;1 to 98% carbon,1 to 98% boron and1 to 98% nitrogen.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a coated reinforcement material comprising a SiC-based reinforcement having a rare earth boride coating preferably of the general formula:R.sub.x B.sub.1-xwhereinR is selected from the group consisting of Y, Sc, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho,Er and combinations thereof; andx is from about 0.05 to about 0.66.The invention further relates to a high strength, high temperature performance composite comprising a SiC-based reinforcement material having a coating comprising a rare earth boride, said coated reinforcement material disposed in a metal matrix material.

Abstract: A fluid filtration material made of a porous substrate, e,g. a membrane or a fabric that is coated with a fluorinated copolymer that contains recurring vinyl alcohol units to impart hydrophilicity. The material is crosslinked with multifunctional epoxides to maintain hydrophilicity on exposure to heat or solvent.

Abstract: Multilayered structures comprising polycarbonate layers and functionalized polyamide layers exhibit adhesion to each other without the use of a tie layer. The multilayered structures are useful in containers requiring the combined properties of high impact strength and chemical resistance and/or oxygen barrier resistance.

Abstract: A multilayer film structure includes:(A) a core layer of high density polyethylene including either a minor proportion of a maleic anhydride modified high density polyethylene blended therein or having(B) a skin layer of maleic anhydride modified polyethylene on one side and(C) on the other side a heat sealable or printable skin layer;this structure having an unbalanced orientation such that the degree of transverse direction orientation produces a visible rippled and striated appearance, with the ripples and striations being parallel to the transverse direction of orientation. This structure can also have a layer of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer on the maleic anhydride modified polyethylene-containing layer. The maleic anhydride modified HDPE or the EVOH can be metallized and the final structure laminated to a separate film structure.

Abstract: A vacuum skin package for packaging fresh red meat and like articles is produced by using a composite, multilayer, oxygen barrier, vacuum skin packaging forming film in which the impermeable film can be manually separated from the non-barrier, oxygen permeable film. After the vacuum skin package is formed to enclose a fresh red meat product in a vacuum the meat will have a purplish color. Then, after storage, the impermeable film can be removed so that the remaining permeable film can admit oxygen to impart the desirable red bloom to the fresh meat. The oxygen permeable film preferably includes a core having enhanced permeation properties. The impermeable film preferably includes an EVOH layer sandwiched between ionomer layers for improved barrier properties.

Abstract: This composite material with a fibrous reinforcement has refractory fibres (2) embedded in a nonmetallic matrix (4) and an interphase material (6) interposed between the fibres and the matrix, the interphase material being boron carbonitride with a lamellar or amorphous structure containing in atomic %, 0 to 98% nitrogen, 1 to 99% carbon and 1 to 99% boron. The composition of the interphase material can be homogeneous or vary gradually from the fibre-material interface (8) to the material-matrix interface (10).

Abstract: A fuel transfer tube is capable of being used reliably for transferring alcohol, gasoline, or the mixure thereof. The fuel transfer tube has a polyamide resin layer containing metaxylene group, thickness of which is 0.3mm or less, and a polyolefin resin layer. The tube is formed by simultaneous extrusion method.

Abstract: A multi-layer, coextruded blow-molded plastic bottle consists of a layer of EVOH sufficiently thick to inhibit moisture from inside the bottle from penetrating from the interior surface of the EVOH layer to the exterior portion of the EVOH layer, and a second layer positioned exterior to the EVOH layer, wherein the second layer prevents moisture outside the bottle from reaching the EVOH layer, whereby the interior surface of the EVOH layer functions as an oil barrier and the exterior portion of the EVOH layer function as a oxygen barrier.

Abstract: Food packaging-use formed articles including at least one layer of a 3 to 90 microns thickness which comprises a composition consisting of polyvinyl alcohol resin having a degree of saponification of 60 to 95 mole % (A) and a compound elected from a group of alkylene glycol polymer, etc. falling within the range of from 3 weight parts of (B) to 100 weight parts of (A) to the saturated solubility of (B) in (A) and having a carbon dioxide/oxygen solubility ratio (SCO.sub.2 /SO.sub.2) of 30 or higher.

Abstract: A composite is comprised of reinforcement fibers having a continuous coating of a metal diboride form the group consisting of titanium diboride, zirconium diboride, hafnium diboride, aluminum diboride, and mixtures thereof, and a molten silicon infiltration formed silicon carbide matrix. The reinforcement fibers are fibers from the group consisting of elemental carbon, silicon carbide, and mixtures thereof. A method for forming the fiber reinforced composite comprises depositing a continuous coating of the metal diboride on the fibers. A carbonaceous material is admixed with the coated fibers so that at least 5 volume percent of the mixture is the fibers. The mixture is formed into a preform having an open porosity ranging from about 25 volume percent to about 90 volume percent of the preform. The preform is heated in an inert atmosphere or partial vacuum, and infiltrated with molten silicon to produce an infiltrated product having the composition of the composite.

Abstract: A multi-layer container having at least layer A comprising a polyolefin resin having an MFR of from 0.001 to 0.5 dg/min, layer B (adhesive layer) comprising an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid (or anhydride)-modified polyolefin resin, and layer C comprising polyamide, polyphenylene ether, a compatibilizer, and an impact modifier, in which the polyphenylene ether is finely dispersed in the polyamide matrix. The container has excellent impermeability to hydrocarbon solvents and low-temperature impact resistance and is useful particularly as a gasoline tank.

Abstract: The invention provides a thermoformable sheet comprising a resinous polymer of propylene and an effective amount of a beta-spherulite nucleating agent, a process for making the sheet and articles thermoformed from the sheet.

Abstract: These compositions comprise a polyamide (PA) resulting from the polycondensation of an aliphatic .alpha.,.omega.-dicarboxylic acid with xylylenediamines and a salt of a metal chosen from the transition metals of group VIIIA of the Periodic Table of the elements, manganese, zinc and copper; the polyamide (PA) contains less than 150 ppm of phosphorus.These compositions may be made into packaging materials, such as containers (bottles).

Abstract: A coextruded laminate may be formed by coextruding a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon (a polyketone polymer) with an other thermoplastic polymer, without the use of an adhesive or tie layer, wherein the other thermoplastic polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon-6,6, or phenoxy resin.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved adhesive layer for multi-layer films and bottles, the adhesive layer being a graft copolymer of a polyolefin backbone with a methyl methacrylate graft. The graft copolymer sufficiently improves the compatibility between barrier resins and polyolefins to permit the production of monolithic or single layer bottles comprised of a blend of those three components. The resultant products have improved physical properties while retaining acceptable permeability to gases.

Abstract: Pressurizable thermoplastic containers, such as those made from polyethylene terephthalate containing a polyurethane layer on the exterior surface thereof are disclosed. The polyurethane layer which is typically applied by a coating process provides the bottle with resistance to stress cracking. The containers are useful as refillable bottles for carbonated beverages which have a tendency to stress crack.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrostatic dissipative impact modified polymeric compositions comprising an effective amount of a chain extended block copolymer, polyvinyl halide and no more than 10 weight parts of a polymeric impact modifier per 100 weight parts of polyvinyl chloride. The chain extended block copolymer is formed from reacting a di-functional polyether with a chain extender which is a condensate selected from the group consisting of polyundecanolactam, polydodecanolactam, poly(11-aminoundecanoic acid) and (12-aminododecanoic acid).

Abstract: This invention offers a unique method to fabricate unique, straight, curved, or coiled tubes as small as 1 micron (0.000004 inches) in diameter with wall thicknesses starting at less than 0.01 microns. These tubes can be made from many of the materials that can be applied to a surface of carbon, glass, or other tube forming fibers and then made to withstand the environment used to remove the fiber. A monolithic piece can be formed where the tubes are channels or holes.

Abstract: Polymer blends of a) polymers containing predominantly mers of (meth)acrylates and/or glutarimides with b) up to about 40 weight percent of polymers having greater than 50 mol % vinyl alcohol mers exhibit useful barrier properties to oxygen and other environmental gases, while maintaining or enhancing physical properties and clarity.

Abstract: A protective coating for a reinforcement phase exposed to molten silicon or silicon alloy infiltrant comprises, an inner layer material resistant to reaction with the molten infiltrant, an interlayer of a reactive material that reacts with the infiltrant to form compounds having a melting temperature greater than the infiltrant, and an outer layer material resistant to reaction with the molten infiltrant. Materials resistant to reaction with molten silicon are a metal carbide from the group consisting of carbides of titanium, hafnium, zirconium, and tantalum; a metal nitride from the group consisting of nitrides of boron, silicon, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, and tantalum; a metal boride from the group consisting of borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and aluminum, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A thermoplastic silicon-containing polymer, which may be a precursor of SiC, and which can be transformed to a thermosetting polymer by copolymerizing it with a thermosetting perhydropolysilazane or polyborosilazane.

Abstract: A foil for use in the vacuum packaging of an article comprises first and second foil layers, the second foil layer being a plastics matrix incorporating a volatile substance such that in use, after evacuation and closing of the package, the volatile substance slowly diffuses into the package, thereby exerting a beneficial influence on the article, for example protection against corrosion.

Abstract: Polyetheramines having improved barrier to oxygen are thermoplastic polymers having aromatic ether/amine repeating units in their backbones and pendant hydroxyl moieties. Such polyetheramines are prepared by reacting diglycidyl ethers of dihydric aromatic compounds such as the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, hydroquinone, or resorcinol with amines having no more than two amine hydrogens per molecule, such as piperazine or ethanolamine.

Abstract: A polymer sheet for use in agricultural structures, like greenhouses, tunnels and the like, which prevents fog formation on its surface, resulting in an essentially continuous water film upon water vapor deposition. The polymeric sheet can be one of polymeric ethylene-vinyl alcohol or of a copolymer of ethylene vinyl alcohol coextruded with a polyolefin. Multilayer sheets are very effective, such as ethylene vinyl alcohol/ethylene vinyl acetate/polyethylene three-layer sheet. Copolymers which do not impair the specific fog-formation preventing property of ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) can be used.The invention also relates to agricultural structures which comprise such plastic sheets.

Abstract: A hemolysis depressant and a plasticizer each comprising a triglyceride compound. Resin compositions for medical appliances, medical implements and blood preserving liquid using the triglyceride compound as a hemolysis depressant are capable of preventing the blood held in contact therewith from the phenomenon of hemolysis by the activity of the compound in protecting erythrocytes. Vinyl chloride type resin compositions for medical appliances and medical implement using the compound as a plasticizer are substantially deviced of toxicity and offers extremely high safety.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plastic multilayer vessel having a laminate structure comprising an intermediate layer of a resin composition formed by incorporating an organic metal complex of a transition metal into a gas-barrier resin having a specific oxygen permeation coefficient and a specific water absorption, and outer and inner layers of a moisture-resistant thermoplastic resin disposed on both the sides of the intermediate layer. This vessel shows an excellent resistance to the permeation of oxygen even under conditions where water and heat simultaneously act.

Abstract: A bladder (10) for an accumulator (20) has a hollow shell (21) formed of an elastic material layer (11), a gas-barrier layer (12) laminated thereon, and a central portion (11A). An elastic fitting portion is formed at an inner surface of a radially outward peripheral edge portion (11B) of the elastic material layer to be pressed radially outwardly towards the shell when the fitting portion (11A) is attached to the shell by an attaching element (22). The thickness of the bladder varies between the central and peripheral edge portions by being thinner proximate the central portion and thicker at a curved inversion portion (11C) between the intermediate portion and the outer peripheral edge portion to reduce rigidity at the intermediate portion and preventing lumping in the curved inversion portion.

Abstract: Hydroxy-functionalized polyethers having imide groups in their backbones are prepared by contacting an imide-containing bisphenol with the diglycidyl ether of the same or another bisphenol under conditions sufficient to cause the nucleophilic phenolic hydroxyl moieties to react with epoxy groups. These poly(hydroxy ether imides) possess a combination of high barrier to oxygen transmission (i.e., oxygen transmission rates of less than 10.0 cm.sup.3 -mil/100 in.sup.2 -atm-day) and high heat resistance (i.e., T.sub.g above 120.degree. C.). These polymers are suitable for use in the manufacture of packaging materials with high barrier to oxygen.

Abstract: Silicon carbide filaments are coated to protect them from attack by a titanium matrix material when incorporating them into a metal matrix composite. The coating method comprises coating the filaments firstly with a carbon layer and then with a titanium carbide or boride layer whose carbon or boron content decreases progressively from its interface with the carbon layer to its exterior surface. A layer of titanium or a titanium based alloy may be provided on the titanium carbide or boride layer to facilitate incorporation into a metal matrix. Preferably, the layers are applied by sputter ion plating.

Abstract: This invention relates to a gas barrier properties imparted label for polyethylene terephthalate bottles. In accordance with the present invention there is provided a barrier label for PET beverage bottles comprising an outer protective layer of a thermoplastic polymer, a barrier layer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers, an inner protective layer of a thermoplastic polymer, and an optional, opaque thermoplastic layer, wherein the label reduces the carbon dioxide permeability of the section of the beverage bottles enveloped by the label to below 1 cc/100 in.sup.2 /24 hr.

Abstract: The joint boot having excellent cold resistance is obtained by compounding the cross-linking components (a), (b) and (c) with chlorinated polyethylene having a chlorine content of 31 to 34% by weight and molding the resulting compound under thermal conditions.(a) A mercaptotriazine compound,(b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amines having a boiling point of not lower than 110.degree. C., organic acid salts of the amines or addition products thereof, diarylguanidine, condensation products of aniline and aldehydes, and 2-benzothiazylsulfenamides of primary or secondary amines, and(c) a metal compound as an acid acceptor.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a coated reinforcement material comprising a SiC reinforcement having an outer core coating of the general formula:Ti.sub.x M.sub.y B.sub.zwherein M is at least one of V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Zr, and Hf; x is between about 30 and 60 atomic percent; y is between about 5 and 30 atomic percent; z is between about 35 and 60 atomic percent; and x+y+z=100. The invention further relates to a high strength, high temperature performance composite comprising a ternary boride coated SiC reinforcement material and titanium alloy matrix material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a strip or portion of a strip for deep drawing or drawing and ironing comprising a metallic layer carrying on one surface a surface coating of plastics material and on its other surface a coat of varnish characterized in that: the metallic layer is of aluminum alloy with each surface having a coating of anodic or chemical conversion oxide 20 to 80 nm thick; and the coat of varnish contains a solid lubricant consisting of particles which are harder than the varnish and less hard than the shaping tool or tools, which particles are of an average diameter greater than the thickness of the said coat after firing. The invention also has an object the use of this strip to produce various hollow bodies or containers, particularly with a height:diameter ratio in excess of 2.5 and for producing aerosol or pump distributors.

Abstract: Composite moisture and oxygen barrier structures in the form of films, sheets, tubes and bottles are described which are composed of foils of high density polyethylene and foils of polar oxygen barrier resins adhered to each other with a coextruded bonding resin composition composed of blends of predominantly high density polyethylene containing low levels of a grafted unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride and linear low density polyethylenes which are copolymers of ethylene with either octene-1 or butene-1. The preferred dicarboxylic acid anhydride is maleic anhydride. The oxygen barrier resins are preferably ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers or amorphous polycarboxylamides from condensation polymerization of aliphatic diamines and aromatic dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: Composite moisture and oxygen barrier structures in the form of films, sheets, tubes, and bottles are described which are composed of foils of high density polyethylene and foils of polar oxygen barrier resins adhered to each other with a coextruded bonding resin composition composed of blends of predominantly high density polyethylene containing low levels of a grafted unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride and linear low density polyethylenes which are copolymers of ethylene with either octene-1 or butene-1. The preferred dicarboxylic acid anhydride is maleic anhydride. The oxygen barrier resins are preferably ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers or amorphous polycarboxylamides from condensation polymerization of aliphatic diamines and aromatic dicarboxylic acids.