Abstract: A flowable, pressure-compensating material, confined in an envelope, comprises a flowable, continuous-phase of oil having dispersed therein discrete hollow microbeads and a colloidal silica. The pressure-compensating material, which is flowable in response to continuously applied pressure, but is essentially non-flowable in the absence of pressure, is relatively insensitive to temperature variations.

Abstract: This invention relates to coating glass beads with a mixture of substances which mixture comprises a first substance which if used alone would tend to make the beads hydrophobic while leaving them oleophilic and as second substance which if used alone would tend to make the beads both hydrophobic and oleophobic. Said coated beads maybe used in a synthetic polymeric matrix, as a coating over paint and as a coating on a road surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to unique stable support structures comprising substrates coated with sterically-protecting monofunctional silanes. This structure consists of an appropriate reactive solid to which a monofunctional silane is covalently bonded that contains at least two sterically-protecting groups attached to the silicon atom of the silane.

Abstract: An oxonated poly(alkylene oxide) substantially devoid of hydrocarbon chains of 5 or more carbon atoms is used to treat substances bearing negative electrostatic charges, so as to reduce such charges without rendering the substance hydrophobic. In this manner static electricity can be reduced in textiles, paper or plastic film; glass or glass fibers can be lubricated; wood pulp can be debonded; anti-self sizing or water-dispersible paper can be made; clays, pigments and other minerals can be hydrophilized; bitumen can be recovered from oil or tar sands; and petroleum can be recovered from underground wells by secondary or tertiary recovery techniques.

Abstract: A two-phase ceramic particulate useful as a proppant in hydraulic fracturing operations is provided which comprises a vitreous matrix phase containing a crystalline alumina phase. The new ceramic particles are characterized by:(i) a concentration gradient of alumina which increases from very low in the center to relatively high near the surface of the particles;(ii) a fired density less than about 2.9 g/cc; and(iii) closed cell microporosity.Certain embodiments of the inventive ceramic particulate are also characterized by a Krumbein roundness of at least 0.8 and are chemically stable.The ceramic is made by a process comprising the steps of:a. mixing and pelletizing, with the aid of water, the dry raw materials including a mineral particulate such as nepheline syenite and a binder such as bentonite;b. drying the wet pelletizer product;c. mixing the dried pellets with a parting agent; andd.

Abstract: A process for making a body suitable for use as an additive for incorporation in a plastic, which comprises the steps of forming a blend of glass-forming materials, converting the blend of glass-forming materials into a solidified porous form, and heating such solidified porous blended glass-forming materials to form an exterior glassy shell thereon; as well as lightweight body made by such process, and an article of manufacture incorporating such body.

Abstract: The invention primarily concerns a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the adhesive layer of which is filled with glass microbubbles and has a dark appearance by virtue of (1) the microbubbles are stained glass which preferably is dark, and (2) dispersed throughout the adhesive layer is a pigment or dye which preferably is dark. More broadly, the invention concerns any coherent article filled with stained-glass microbubbles. The glass of the microbubbles preferably has an ultraviolet window, permitting the article to be made by photopolymerizing a matrix filled with the microbubbles.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition process for making glass-surfaced microcarriers, and the resulting product, in which hollow spherical micro-sized shells of glass or ceramic composition replaced within a fluidized bed coater, and separate preheated reaction gasses are directed into the coater bed. The shell precursors have a preferred starting density of not more than the predetermined desired final density in the range of 1.01 to 1.2 g/cc, and have a diameter in the range of 5 to 500 .mu.m, preferably 105 to 150 .mu.m. The thickness of the silicate glass coating is preferably in the range of 11 to 16 .mu.m. An alternative embodiment employs solid precursor beads of polyphenylene oxide.

Abstract: The process for modifying the surface of a filler or reinforcing material comprising contacting said surface with a bicyclic amide acetal at a temperature in the range of from about 60.degree. C. to about 350.degree. C. is described.

Abstract: A hollow, ceramic macrosphere or spheroid comprising a relatively smooth outer skin and cellular shell is produced in the 2-20 mm diameter range with specific gravities in the 0.2-1.2 range. The spheroids can be rendered inert to water and are stable at temperatures of 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C., depending on their composition. The porosity of the shell can be controlled through various additives and/or epoxy resin coating. The spheroids may be made from common clay and sodium silicate.

Abstract: Electrically conductive microparticles characterized by high conductivity and low density are comprised of electrically nonconductive microballoons having an electrically conductive coating of a metal. When dispersed in an electrically nonconductive matrix, an electrically conductive composite material is formed in which the microparticles form a network of contacting particles throughout the matrix.

Abstract: Electrically conductive microparticles characterized by high conductivity and low density are comprised of electrically nonconductive magnetic microballoons having an electrically conductive coating of a metal. When dispersed in an electrically nonconductive matrix, an electrically conductive composite material is formed in which the microparticles form a network of contacting particles throughout the matrix.

Abstract: A process for preparing a metal-coated hollow microsphere comprising the combination of steps of: (a) vigorously admixing a major quantity of hollow cenospheres/microspheres with a thermo-setting binder adhesive until the cenospheres are wet-out; (b) slowly adding metal flakes to the thus wet-out cenospheres of step (a) until the wet-out cenospheres are fully coated with the metal flakes; (c) binding the metal flakes to the said wet-out cenospheres by slowly increasing the temperature of the metal coated wet-out cenospheres from step (b), the temperature being raised up to about 350.degree. F.; and (d) the metal-coated cenospheres of step (c) are intermittently admixed in the absence of any further heating until dry. The dry product is ready for packaging.

Abstract: The invention concerns glass microbubbles having an inorganic thin-film coating not exceeding about 10 nm in thickness, especially a coating of a metal, a metalloid, or an alloy thereof. When dispersed throughout a matrix such as a polymer, the coated glass microbubbles can afford surprisingly good hiding power while also imparting esthetically pleasing colors to otherwise transparent articles.

Abstract: The invention primarily concerns a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the adhesive layer of which is filled with glass microbubbles and has a dark appearance by virtue of the microbubbles having a thin-film coating having an average thickness from 0.05 to 30 nm. A preferred thin-film coating is silver which can be applied by sputtering or by vapor deposition, preferably to an average thickness of between 1 and 10 nm.

Abstract: Retroreflective materials are made by coating glass particles with both hydrophobic polymers and coupling agents or with siloxane compounds which have both hydrophobic side chains and coupling-type side chains capable of chemically bonding to, or of forming loose associations with, a wide variety of materials.

Abstract: Surface-stabilized porous silica having discontinuous metal oxide layer over the silica, chromatographic packings based on the metal-stabilized silica and processes for their preparation, are provided. The chromatographic packings so provided have increased life time.

Abstract: An improved fluorescent textile material at least partially made from filaments formed from glass-beaded coated sheet stock which is laminated back-to-back, slitted and woven to form a fluorescent greig good material which may be subsequently dyed to desired color or colors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composite material consisting of a reinforcement structure of cellular glass having a lattice of intercommunicating cells and imbedded in a continuous resin matrix. The resulting composite material has a high resistance to plastic deformation and fracture, in addition to improved ratios of stiffness modulus-to-weight and tensile-strength-to-weight, making it suitable for structural and other applications including the ability to withstand the impact of projectiles.

Abstract: When an abrasive having an oleophilic surface used in a magnetic recording medium obtained by subjecting an inorganic powder having a Mohs hardness of 5 or above and an average particle size of 2 .mu.m across or below to a dry contact treatment with a dispersing agent having an oleophilic group under grinding conditions giving an impact value of 1 G or greater is used in combination with a magnetic powder as a magnetic recording layer of magnetic recording medium, the wear at a magnetic head can be prevented and still characteristics can be improved.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having deposited on the surface of a non-magnetic substrate a magnetic layer formed by dispersing a powdered magnetic substance and a powdered abrasive in a binder, which magnetic recording medium is characterized by having abrasive particles activated on the surface thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition comprising an intimate mixture of glass beads and finely divided material, characterized in that the glass beads have a mean diameter of not more than 80 micrometers and a size range spread which is at least half the mean diameter of the beads, and in that said finely divided material is hydrophobic, inorganic and substantially chemically inert with respect to the beads and has a specific surface of at least 50 m.sup.2 /g, such material being present in said mixture in an amount not exceeding 5% by weight of the beads.The surfaces of the beads may be treated with an agent which improves adherence between the beads and a resin matrix, e.g. an agent such that the surfaces of the beads include organo-silane groups.The finely divided material preferably has a specific surface of at least 100 m.sup.2 /g, and may substantially entirely consist of silica.

Abstract: The material obtained by coating a small plate substrate with a metal oxide doped with different metals is light permeable as well as conductive, wherein said plate substrate is selected from mica, illite, bravaisite, kaolinite, bentonite, montmorillonite, smectites, calcium phosphate and glass particle and its ratio of major axis to minor axis is 1-30 and its ratio of minor axis to thickness is 5 or more. This material is useful as the additive for providing a transparent film with conductivity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermoplastic composite material for the preparation of moulded objects, particularly of injection-moulded objects, and to a process for making same. The material according to the invention has the following composition by weight:______________________________________ polypropylene between 50 and 60% and preferably 55% glass spheres from 5 to 15% and preferably 11% polyvinylic alcohol from 25 to 40% and preferably 33% ______________________________________The invention is more particularly applicable to making moulded objects such as containers or medical syringes adapted to be subjected to sterilization.

Abstract: A water and oil resistant, microporous article of footwear comprised of an inner and outer layer of fabric and an intermediate layer comprised of from about 60 to about 40 parts by weight of inorganic reinforcing microfibers, particularly glass, and from about 40 to about 60 parts by weight of a polymeric binding agent, preferably a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, the polymeric binding agent being in the form of a continuous matrix and derived from an emulsion or latex of particles of the binding agent, in which the particles are less than about 1 micrometer in size. A treating agent, preferably a fluorinated hydrocarbon, is present in the intermediate layer in an amount sufficient to render that layer hydrophobic and oleophobic.

Abstract: An alkali-proofed cast aluminum product having a wear-resistant surface layer thereon comprising a number of wear-resistant granules with partially projected form inserted into the surface of a base material containing aluminum as a main component, cavities open to the surface of said base material being filled with a first alkali-resistant impregnating material, and the whole surfaces of the base material including the wear-resistant granules being covered with a coating of a second alkali-resistant material is excellent in alkali resistance and prevents the wear-resistant surface from the falling out of wear-resistant granules.

Abstract: Blown mineral wool fibers are introduced into slurries (such as gypsum board core formulations and steel column fireproofing plaster formulations) by first blending and coating the blown mineral wool with a powdered calcium sulfate to produce a light, open nodulated effect. When mixed into aqueous calcined gypsum slurries, the nodules open up, thoroughly dispersing the mineral wool--calcium sulfate blend in the aqueous slurry and contributing fire resistant properties to the set gypsum product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing a hollow microsphere wherein the inner portion of the shell of which comprises the reaction product of a silicate and a first insolubilizing agent, the outer portion of the shell of which comprises the reaction product of a silicate and a second insolubilizing agent and wherein the equivalent ratio of silicate to, respectively, the first and second insolubilizing agent is less in respect of said inner portion than said outer portion.

Abstract: A method of modifying the surface of hollow glass beads including the step of treating the beads with a solution containing at least one of an organic acid selected from beta-hydroxy acids, oxalic acid and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and a salt of said organic acid.

Abstract: Hollow microspheres of reduced surface energy and reactivity and of improved packing and sphericity are prepared by simultaneously forming said microspheres and reacting them with an organosilicon compound. The microspheres are prepared by spray drying a solution of alkali metal silicate and a "polysalt." The organosilicon is present as the microspheres are formed, penetrates and reacts to form a shell consisting of a silicate, polysalt and the organosilicon compound. The resulting product is more discrete, more free-flowing, has better packaging characteristics, improved packing factor and improved filler properties when compared to prior-art microspheres.

Abstract: A laminar polycarbonate resin structure comprising a polycarbonate resin core lamina, an ultraviolet radiation absorbing back lamina bonded to the rear face of said core lamina, and a light reflecting front lamina bonded to the front face of said core lamina. This laminar structure is useful for making road signs and markers.

Abstract: A support material comprised of a substrate and a coating bound to the substrate made up of a polymer containing succinimide units or derivatives thereof. A method for preparing a support material comprising reacting a polymer containing succinimide units with surface amine groups on a substrate.

Abstract: A composite material for the controlled release of an active substrate comprises a relatively insoluble, e.g. polymeric, matrix (11) in which a soluble particulate material (12) is dispersed. When the composite is placed in an aqueous medium dissolution of the particulate material substantially increases the water permeability of the matrix. This effect may be used to provide for the controlled release of an active material into the aqueous medium.

Abstract: A heat transfer sheeting combination of the type for being applied onto a fibrous article (10) to imprint a design thereon including a fibrous substrate (12) and a design coating disposed on the substrate (12). An adhesive layer (22) is disposed on the design coating for adhesively securing the design coating to the article (10). The combination is characterized by including a deformable thermoplastic layer (28) disposed between the substrate (12) and the design coating for deforming about the fibers of the article (10) during the application of the design coating to form a reversible mechanical bond with the article (10).

Abstract: Flexible, microporous, hydrophobic and oleophobic film-like composite structures comprised of from about 25 to about 75 parts by weight of inorganic reinforcing microfibers, particularly glass, and from about 75 to about 25 parts by weight of a polymeric binding agent, preferably a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, the polymeric binding agent being in the form of a continuous matrix and derived from an emulsion or latex of the binding agent in which the particles of the binding agent are less than about 1 micrometer in size. A treating agent, preferably a fluorinated hydrocarbon, is present in an amount sufficient to render the composite structure hydrophobic and oleophobic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a decorative molded article, for example, in the form of a flat plate for structural application such as constructional panels, which comprises a core of wood and/or cellulose fibers, pressed together with a thermosetting synthetic resin under conditions suitable for hardening the resin. The resin content amounts to more than 150 and up to 900 g per 1000 g of dry fibers, and the density of the molded article is between 900 to 1600 kg/m.sup.3. A decorative layer is placed onto one or both surfaces of the molded article, for example, a decorative foil or a coating. A process for producing and also using the molded article is also described.

Abstract: A conductive paste and an electroconductive body fabricated from the paste, in which the paste comprises inorganic non-metallic particles coated with silver, silver particles and an organic binder, or inorganic non-metallic particles coated with silver, silver particles, particles of glassy material and an organic vehicle. An electroconductive body comprises silver particles, and inorganic non-metallic particles coated with silver, both embedded in a matrix of organic material or of glassy material. The silver particles and silver-coated inorganic non-metallic particles are in effective contacting relationship within the matrix. Also disclosed are a silver-coated glass bead, for incorporation in paste and an electroconductive body, and methods for fabricating an electroconductive body. The electroconductive bodies are useful, for example, as termination elements for capacitors, and as internal conductive elements in capacitors of the type used in thick-film technology applications.

Abstract: A hexagonal ferrite magnetic powder for high density magnetic recording, having an improved dispersibility in a binder or paint is obtained by melting a mixture of hexagonal ferrite-forming components and a glass-forming component, and rapidly cooling the resultant molten mixture to obtain an amorphous material. The amorphous material is thermally treated to precipitate fine particles of the hexagonal ferrite therein. The amorphous material containing the precipitated fine particles is dissolved such that the glass-forming component remains on each of said fine particles in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3% by weight based on the weight of the particles.

Abstract: A material suitable for thermosetting includes a collection of hollow particles adhesively mixed with a thermosetting resin in such proportions that the mixture exists in a granular form and may be converted by thermosetting into a fused solid mass having a density not greater than 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter.The particles may be glass microbubbles or phenolic microballoons and the resin may be a hardenable Friedel-Crafts resin. The material according to the invention is more suitable for packing into shaped cavities than known resins including those containing filler particles.

Abstract: A core material for a fiber reinforced plastic comprises a glass fiber mat composed of glass fiber bundles and having a bulk density of from 50 to 150 kg/m.sup.3 and a porous material filled in void spaces in the glass fiber mat. The porous material is composed of a mixture of a thermoplastic resin and a filler such as a hollow inorganic filler.The core material is prepared by impregnating a glass fiber mat composed of elongated glass fiber bundles, with a mixture of the filler and a dispersion of the thermoplastic resin in a dispersing medium and their evaporating the dispersing medium from the impregnated glass fiber mat.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing superficially porous macroparticles comprising spray drying a specified well-mixed slurry of core macroparticles, colloidal inorganic microparticles and a liquid and sintering the resulting product to cause a 5%-30% decrease in surface area.

Abstract: A method is provided for compacting viscous polymeric molding compositions preparatory to compression molding to substantially improve the physical properties of articles molded therefrom. Suitable compositions include those filled with a geometric reinforcing particulate filler that are flowable and thermosettable when compression molded. The method comprises forming a slab of a said filler composition and thereafter reducing its thickness by passing it between spaced-apart pairs of compression means. The pair members of the means are spaced apart to ultimately substantially reduce its thickness. The method yields unexpected improvements in the tensile strength, isotropy and surface characteristics of articles compression molded from the compounds.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of producing a cellular ceramic body of high mechanical strength and exhibiting a density less than 15 lbs/ft.sup.3. A crystal-containing gel, prepared from a selected, synthetic, lithium and/or sodium, water-swelling mica, is ion exchanged with a large cation to flocculate the gel and the floc is drained and provided with a gas producing agent. The floc is then molded to desired shape and subjected to gas-producing radiation to cellulate the molded body. The cellulating agent may be retained water, one or more chemical blowing agents, a combustible substance or a vaporizable substance. The floc, in slurry form, may have a thickener added to produce a paste prior to molding. It may also have a plasticizer and/or a binder added as modifiers.

Abstract: Granules containing 60 wt. % or more filler, having such particle size distribution that 90 wt. % or more granular particles have a particle size of (1/3)d.sub.50.sup.b to 3d.sub.50.sup.b (d.sub.50.sup.b : mean particle size of the granules), and being produced by blending (a) 60 to 90 parts by weight of a filler having a mean particle size of 0.05 to 100.mu., (b) 5 to 35 parts by weight of crystalline polyolefin powder having a mean particle size (d.sub.50.sup.a) of 150 to 1,000.mu. and having such particle size distribution that 90 wt. % or more particles thereof have a particle size of (1/2)d.sub.50.sup.a to 2d.sub.50.sup.a, (c) 5 to 35 parts by weight of a binder having a melting point lower than that of said crystalline polyolefin powder by a least 10.degree.C., and optionally, (d) a compounding additive, at a temperature lower than the melting point of the crystalline polyolefin powder and higher than the melting point of the binder, is disclosed.

Abstract: Filler particles useful for filling organic resins such as polyethylene are produced by mixing a filler, such as calcium carbonate, with a halogenated polar polymer such as a halogenated ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer. The fillers of the invention impart improved physical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strength to organic resins.

Abstract: In an improved adhesive process the amount of azidosilane coupling agent necessary to adhere a siliceous material to a polymer is reduced. The siliceous material, the azidosilane coupling agent and the polymer are admixed with an organosilicon compound and then heated at a temperature and for a time sufficient to decompose the azide groups of the azidosilane coupling agent. The reduction in the amount of azidosilane coupling agent is accomplished without adversely affecting the adhesion of the polymer to the siliceous material. Also disclosed are the products thus produced.

Abstract: A process of forming glass balls by treatment of particulate vitreous material and a second material comprising carbon material and a carbonated salt. The process is carried out at a temperature, for the particular particulate vitreous material, which corresponds to a viscosity of from about 10.sup.6 to about 10.sup.3.5 poises with mixing and agitation.The apparatus includes a furnace having a tube (4) adapted to rotate about an horizontal or inclined axis, delivery means (10, 12, 14) to the tube for the materials to be treated, and heating means (8, 20) for heating the tube and the bed of material from both an external and internal location.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing low density, ceramic bodies in the nature of hollow or solid beads which may be used as such or bonded into a unitary mass. The bodies are composed of ion-exchanged, synthetic mica crystals wherein large cations, such as K.sup.+, have been exchanged for lithium and/or sodium ions from the mica. The method involves forming a gel by dissolution of a synthetic mica in a polar liquid, releasing droplets of the gel into a fluid to form shaped bodies, effecting the indicated ion exchange, and drying the beads thus formed.

Abstract: Cellular ceramic bodies are produced by frothing a crystal-containing, ion-exchanged gel and setting the gel. An aqueous gel is prepared from a water-swelling mica and is blended in conjunction with a large cation donor, e.g., a potassium salt or silicate glass, and a surfactant to effect frothing of the gel by a shearing action and exchange of large cations with lithium and/or sodium ions from the mica to produce an ion-exchanged gel that sets in controllable manner.

Abstract: There is provided a method of increasing the toughness of a fibre-reinforced composite material. The fibre and matrix material are so selected that, upon development in the matrix of a crack bridged by a fibre, the grip of the matrix on the fibre due to matrix shrinkage will be small enough to allow the fibre, while stretching, to progressively shrink away from the matrix beginning at the crack, but large enough to cause the fibre to break when the progressive fibre shrinkage reaches a major flaw in the fibre. This is effectively accomplished by making the fibre Poisson's shrinkage at breaking stress substantially the same as the matrix contraction strain. The latter can be adjusted by mixing with the basic matrix material a selected quantity of an additional substance, such as spiro polymer or an inert particulate material.