Abstract: The invention disclosed provides a new improved metallic support member and process for bonding the metallic support member to a glass surface by means of an intermediate vitreous coating.

Abstract: Plasticizer containing polyvinylbutyral sheets are known intermediate layers for glass laminates. Generally, the polyvinylbutyral used for this application contains certain amounts of vinyl alcohol units and vinyl acetate units. In order to adjust an optimum adhesion to glass, certain additives are mixed with the polyvinylbutyral, which additives must not cause discoloration of the laminate and deterioration of the transparency. Betains are especially suitable anti-adhesives, and efficient in very small amounts.

Abstract: An alkyd-type polymeric plasticizing resin or castor oil is incorporated in a mixture of a polyvinyl butyral film-forming polymer and a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase material, to provide a composition which when in the form of a film exhibits accentuated intensity and contrast of visible light waves reflected by the material.

Abstract: Safety glass is made by laminating to a ply of glass a saturated polyvinyl acetal film incorporating a photoinitiator. The exposed surface of the film is irradiated with ultraviolet light which activates the photoinitiator which in turn initiates crosslinking of the polymer. The polymer film retains its desirable mechanical and optical properties while the crosslinked surface has improved solvent-abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A polyvinyl butyral composition useful as an interlayer in architectural glazing units is plasticized by a blend of a di(C.sub.5 to C.sub.8 alkyl) adipate and a C.sub.3 to C.sub.6 alkyl benzyl phthalate.

Abstract: A process for adjusting the adhesive force or strength of a plasticizer-containing, partially acetalized polyvinyl alcohol film to inorganic glasses to the pummel adhesion values required for a given application involves the addition of at least one silane while the resin is processed into a film by conventional methods in predetermined amounts. The suitable silanes include:(a) a silicon-functional silane or a mixture of various silicon-functional silanes for reducing the adhesive force; or(b) a silicon-organofunctional silane or a mixture of silicon-organofunctional silanes for increasing the adhesive force; or(c) a mixture of at least one silicon-functional silane with at least one silicon-organofunctional silane.

Abstract: A multilayered safety glass laminate comprising a plurality of alternate plies of glass and thermoplastic transparent interlayers of plasticized polyvinyl butyral resin arranged to provide an impact striking section, a transition section and an impact absorption section. The plasticizer content of the resin in the impact striking section is relatively low to impair projectile penetration and that of the plasticized polyvinyl butyral in the transition section and, if present, in the impact absorption section, relatively high to reduce the severity of spall.

Abstract: A laminate comprising a sheet of the polycarbonate or polyacrylate resin in face-to-face contact with a sheet of polyvinyl butyral plasticized with an effective amount of a plasticizer which is at least a partial ester formed by reaction of an alcohol having from 2 to 4 hydroxyl groups and a C.sub.16 -C.sub.20 unsaturated fatty acid having a hydroxyl group attached to the acid molecule.

Abstract: A laminated glass windscreen comprises two sheets of glass laminated together with a layer of transparent plastics material. The inner sheet of the windscreen is of thickness in the range 0.5 mm to 3 mm and is toughened to a degree such that the central tensile stress in the glass is from 380 kg/cm.sup.2 to 1120 kg/cm.sup.2. The outer sheet may be an untoughened sheet of thickness 0.5 mm to 3.5 mm or a toughened sheet of thickness 0.5 mm to 3 mm and whose central tensile stress does not exceed 560 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: The surface characteristics of a partially crosslinked polyurethane innerlayer in a bilayer laminate are further improved by treating the polymer film with a small amount of a compound such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4 dioxane, dimethyl formamide, morpholine, methylene chloride or secondary or tertiary lower alkyl amines in addition to the photoinitiator.

Abstract: A multilayer, metal/organic polymer composite, exhibiting high specular reflectivity even after substantial elongation, is provided by metallizing a layer of thermoplastic organic polymers such as polystyrene or polycarbonate film with a normally solid soft metal such as indium or an alloy of tin and cadmium. Subsequently the multilayer composite or at least a portion thereof can be stretched or elongated by more than 10 percent in both the longitudinal and traverse directions without losing its initial specular reflectivity. Articles fabricated of the multilayer composite may be structurally reinforced by casting an elastomeric or rigid foam polymer such as polyurethane into a cavity defined by the deposit. The multilayer composites are useful in the manufacture of reflective and decorative parts for automobiles and other vehicles of transportation, as well as high barrier packages for foods and electroconductive elements.

Abstract: Multi-layer automotive glazing units that include, in their structures, transparent substrates with protective covers or shields over surfaces of the substrates and that combine penetration resistant body portions with exposed abrasion resistant surfaces; and methods of producing such units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improvement in a die for extruding thermoplastic sheet having a controlled degree of microsurface roughness. The improvement comprises having a beveled leading edge on at least one of the die lips wherein the bevel is away from the die orifice in order to control the degree of microsurface roughness in the extruded sheet.

Abstract: Safety glass made by laminating to a ply of glass a polyvinyl acetal film incorporating a photoinitiator. The exposed surface of the film is irradiated with ultraviolet light which activates the photoinitiator which in turn initiates crosslinking of the polymer. The polymer film retains its desirable mechanical and optical properties while the crosslinked surface has improved solvent-abrasion resistant.

Abstract: A transparent, laminated window having an exposed sheet of plastic material softer than glass adhered to glass, such as a bilayer windshield consisting essentially of an outer glass sheet and an inner preformed sheet of plasticized polyvinyl butyral covered with a thin sheet of polyvinyl fluoride on its exposed surface produced by lamination under heat and pressure with the thin polyvinyl fluoride sheet supported in pressurized engagement against a smooth surface of a mold, which is preferably a second glass sheet having a shape conforming to that of the glass sheet of the resulting laminated window.

Abstract: A neutral bronze sheet glass has a dominant wavelength in the vicinity of 575 nm, and a monochromatic transmittance which in the range from about 400 nm to about 550 nm is on the average from about 5 to about 50% lower than in the range from about 550 nm to about 750 nm, and possesses in thicknesses suitable for glazing a luminous transmittance above 70%.

Abstract: A laminated glass windshield is manufactured by bonding glass plates having a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 mm together wherein the peripheral portions of the outer surfaces of the glass plates are subjected to a plane compressive stress of 200 to 500 Kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: An automobile glazing structure that includes at least one sheet of glass, that incorporates a multi-layer protective laceration inhibiting shield bonded to its inboard glass surface to present an exposed inboard surface, and that has areas of at least one surface of a layer of the shield treated with the reaction product of a film forming resin and a compound capable of hydrolysis followed by condensation as an adhesion promoting primer.

Abstract: Safety glass is made by laminating to a ply of glass a polyurethane film incorporating a photoinitiator. The exposed surface of the film is irradiated with ultraviolet light which activates the photoinitiator which in turn initiates crosslinking of the polymer. The polymer film retains its desirable mechanical and optical properties while the crosslinked surface has improved solvent-abrasion resistant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved interlayer for laminated safety glass. The improved interlayer is characterized by having at least one surface which is more printable without sacrificing the surface roughness required to prevent blocking of the sheet and to facilitate de-airing of laminates prepared from the interlayer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a laminated safety glass prepared from a buffered polyvinyl acetal sheet. The sheet contains a pH buffer having an aqueous solution pH in the range of from 3 to 7 which stabilizes the sheet against viscosity degradation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a laminated glazing unit for vehicle and architectural uses which comprises glass, an interlayer and a high nitrile polymer in a laminated configuration wherein the interlayer is sandwiched between the glass and the high nitrile polymer.

Abstract: A laminated safety glass structure which comprises at least two glass sheets bonded to each other through an interlayer of a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin treated with a specific modified siloxane alone or together with a specific alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of an organic mono- or di-carboxylic acid. This structure has a highly improved penetration resistance along with superior transparency, aging resistance and weatherability, and is suitable for use as windowpanes in transportation facilities and buildings.

Abstract: A laminated glazing pane comprised of at least two sheets of vitreous material joined together by an intervening layer of plastic material given improved sound attenuation properties by constructing the pane in such a manner that its base frequency (f) is between 0.70 and 0.97 times its theoretical base frequency (f.sub.0).

Abstract: A scratch-resistant polyurethane coating for safety windows is made by curing a sheet of a liquid composition comprising (1) a polyglycol ether resulting from the condensation of propylene oxide with trimethylolpropane and containing 10.5%-12.0% free hydroxyls and (2) a biuret of 1,6-hexamethylene-diisocyanate, having 21-22% isocyanate groups, the weight ratio of said biuret to said polyglycol ether being about 0.9-1.1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fire screening glazing panel and a method for forming the panel. The panel is composed of at least two structural plys, at least one of which is a vitreous sheet, and a layer therebetween composed at least in part of a heat convertible carrier forming material which material forms a solid porous or cellular thermally insulating body when subjected to sufficient heat, as during a fire. A protective stratum is applied to at least one of the vitreous sheet plys for inhibiting interaction between the barrier forming material and the ply, thereby maintaining the transparency of the ply if it is formed of transparent material, and maintaining its color.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved printing method for tinting synthetic resin sheets used in the manufacture of laminated safety glass. The improvement comprises using an ink containing 12 to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of dye and solvent, of one or more dyes dissolved in an N-lower alkyl-pyrrolidone solvent wherein the alkyl group contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Glass bodies formed from a vitrifiable composition are given a desired coloration by introducing a reducing agent into surface layers of the body, during or after its formation from a molten composition, and the then the body surface into contact with a diffusion medium composed of a mixture of a salt furnishing reducible metal ions which are capable of being reduced by the reducing agent, and a diluting agent constituted by a salt of another metal, the body being subjected to temperature conditions such as to cause the reducible metal ions to diffuse into the body surface layers and to there be chemically reduced by the reducing agent.

Abstract: An optically transparent and solar energy reflecting film structure is provided which is characterized by the presence therein of opaque metal platelets such as those of silver, gold, aluminum or copper. A process also is provided which includes blending opaque metal platelets with an organic polymeric material such as polyvinyl butyral and shaping the resulting blend into a film structure by extruding or compression molding means.

Abstract: Stabilized polyvinyl butyral is obtained by incorporating a usual phenolic stabilizer together with a phosphorous acid triester, the composition containing from about 0.6 to 4.5 % by weight of the sum of the phenolic stabilizer and the phosphorous acid triester based on the resin. The stabilized polyvinyl butyral resin which may be plasticized is used for laminated glass or baking varnishes.