Abstract: Described is a film having at least a single layer and at least one copolyamide layer (I) containing dispersed nanoscale nucleating particles. Crystalline structures extending from the dispersed particle surfaces are formed after the layer (I) is cooled from a molten state at a cooling rate of from 10° C. to 20° C. per minute. The dispersed nanoscale nucleating particles are present in layer (I) in an amount of from 10 ppm to 2000 ppm, based on the total weight of layer (I). Also described is a method of using the film of the present invention in packaging foodstuffs.

Abstract: Process for colouring with pink/orange shades on surface and to a variable depth manufactured items obtained from a ceramic mass added with zinc oxide in an amount of 5% to 20% by weight, or with zinc silicate, said process uses a composition being in form of an aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution comprising Cr organic derivatives or inorganic salts alone or in combination with Fe organic derivatives or inorganic salts and/or Zn organic derivatives or inorganic salts, which is applied by controlled absorption onto the surface of the ceramic body before its firing in an oven according to a standard ceramic cycle.

Abstract: A plastic container has a diamond like carbon film 20b formed on the inner surface of the container 20 made of plastic material 20a. The thickness of the diamond like carbon film 20b is within a range from 0.05 to 5 &mgr;m. The container 20 coated with the diamond like carbon film can be used for a returnable bottle for beverage.

Abstract: A solid material for recovering metal ions from aqueous streams, and methods of making and using the solid material, are disclosed. The solid material is made by covalently bonding a chelating agent to a silica-based solid, or in-situ condensing ceramic precursors along with the chelating agent to accomplish the covalent bonding. The chelating agent preferably comprises a oxime type chelating head, preferably a salicylaldoxime-type molecule, with an organic tail covalently bonded to the head. The hydrocarbon tail includes a carbon-carbon double bond, which is instrumental in the step of covalently bonding the tail to the silica-based solid or the in-situ condensation. The invented solid material may be contacted directly with aqueous streams containing metal ions, and is selective to ions such as copper (II) even in the presence of such ions as iron (III) and other materials that are present in earthen materials.

Abstract: The invention is to offer a glass-break preventing film like filter to be directly attached to a visual side of a plasma display plate, so that no problem occurs of double images caused owing to an air layer, contributing to easy attachment, light weighing, thin size and low cost, and a plasma display apparatus attached with the same. A glass-break preventing film like filter is composed by laminating a reflection preventing film on one side of a glass-break-preventing layer comprising a composite material of a transparent organic high polymer substance and an organized layer like clay, and making the other side an adhesive face, and a plasma display apparatus is composed by directly attaching on a visual side thereof with the glass-break preventing film like filter via the adhesive face of the glass-break preventing layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an article comprising ethoxylated alcohol wax intercalated in smectite clay. Embodiments of the invention comprise a sheet or an imaging member comprising an image layer and at least one layer comprising ethoxylated alcohol wax intercalated in smectite clay. The invention comprises a method of forming intercalated clay by providing smectite clay and combining the clay with ethoxylated alcohol wax and heating the mixture to above the softening point of the wax. The method further includes combining the intercalated clay with a polymer.

Abstract: A waterproofing material free of loose particulate material comprising a waterproofing sheet formed by extrusion under vacuum from a substantially homogeneous, deformable mass consisting of a mixture of particulate smectite clay and liquid.

Abstract: A multi-layer fuel tube comprising at least three thermoplastic resin layers, said at least three thermoplastic resin layers comprising (A) a layer of polyamide 11 resin and/or polyamide 12 resin, (B) layer of polyamide 6, and (C) a layer of polyamide containing 0.05 to 30% by weight of a layered silicate uniformly dispersed therein.

Abstract: A process of providing a waterproof concrete structure comprising the steps of (a) providing a layer of a concrete composition on a support; (b) spraying on to this concrete composition a waterproofing layer; and (c) applying to the waterproofing layer a further layer of a concrete composition; characterized in that the waterproofing layer is provided by a composition which comprises an aqueous dispersion of coalescable particles of thermoplastic polymer. The method is useful in the waterproofing of tunnel linings.

Abstract: Method for producing novel microparticles, such as 1&mgr; to 20&mgr; diameter glass beads, by coating them to improve their flowability and to enable them to be distributed in predetermined depths of novel plastic coatings, extrusions, molded bodies, etc. The thin microparticle coatings are repellent to each other and to the plastic binder material, to predetermined degrees, to cause the particles to distribute adjacent the surface of the plastic body, or at a predetermined depth therebelow, to produce desired color-enhanced properties.

Abstract: A coated substrate and methods of making and using coated substrates, wherein the coated substrate comprises a coating consisting essentially of a layered mineral, a thermoplastic polymeric substrate having pendant groups receptive to said layered mineral, and wherein said pendant groups are coordinated metal groups, or are groups which can be bonded to coordinating cations or anions, or pendant groups directly receptive said layered mineral. The coated substrate is less permeable to gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: This invention deals with an improved adhesive additive, adhesion compositions, articles, and structures manufactured utilizing such adhesive compositions. More specifically, this invention deals with an adhesive additive which is a combination of cement, water, calcium chloride and a curable polyvinylacetate latex which when used to bond cementitous substrates, gives bonds with enhanced tensile strengths.

Abstract: A composite dielectric material comprising a resin resulting from a polyvinylbenzyl ether compound and a dielectric ceramic powder dispersed therein is useful in the high-frequency region. A composite magnetic material comprising a polyvinylbenzyl ether compound and a magnetic powder is also provided as well as a flame retardant material comprising a polyvinylbenzyl ether compound and a flame retardant. These materials may be used in the fabrication of substrates, prepreg sheets, coated metal foils, molded items, and metal foil-clad substrates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mineral-based coating composition that can be used on a wide range of substrate surfaces. The composition is comprised of a mineral extender, such as a delaminated hydrated aluminum silicate based clays, having an aspect ratio of about 11 to 1, water, a homopolymer polyvinyl acetate emulsion, a co-polymer polyvinyl acetate emulsion, an acrylic emulsion binder containing a metal dioxide and a buffering agent, a surfactant and a defloculant. Also provided is a method of preparing the mineral-based coating composition. The mineral-based coating composition may be applied to various substrate surfaces to form artistic medium surfaces. The present invention also provides a method of making an artistic medium surface using the composition of the present invention.

Abstract: Composite particles made of a resin and filler material are provided for use in subterranean formations. The filler is finely divided mineral and optional fiber. The particles are proppants useful to prop open subterranean formation fractures. The particles are also useful for water filtration. Methods of making the composite particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A substrate support comprising a shelf having a surface sloped at an angle such that the support contacts the substrate substantially at an edge portion of the substrate. The angle of the shelf is greater than an angle of the edge portion of the substrate. The surface of the shelf may be machined or polished to improve its smoothness. The substrate support thereby reduces the effect and severity of scratches on the substrate caused by the support. As a result, the substrate support improves substrate yield.

Abstract: Composition whereby ceramic manufactured articles, obtained by molding pressing a ceramic mixture added with 1% to 10% TiO2 by wt., are colored in shades from yellow ocher to sienna, said composition being an aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution including tungsten and chromium inorganic compounds or organic derivatives, which is applied by controlled absorption to the surface of the ceramic material before firing.

Abstract: A coated substrate comprising: (a) a substrate; (b) a primer layer containing adhesion-promoting polymer on said substrate; and (c) at least one topcoat of a permeation resistant composition of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) copolymer and mica, therein the ETFE is a copolymer of about 40 to 60 mole % ethylene and about 60 to 40 mole % tetrafluoroethylene, wherein the mica is present in amounts of about 3 to about 25 wt % based on the ETFE and mica, and wherein the topcoat having a thickness of at least 150 &mgr;m. The coated substrate is formed by applying the primer to the substrate and drying, followed by dry powder coating at least one layer of ETFE and mica composition, followed by heating said layer.

Abstract: The present invention is a low-density polyethylene-lamellar silicate composite material, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A porous body of polysaccharide or polysaccharide-clay composite having fine pores, consisting essentially of a freeze-dried product of (a) an aqueous solution of at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of starch, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose, or its derivative, or (b) a composite sol comprising such an aqueous solution and a clay sol.

Abstract: A ceramics dress substrate of the present invention capable of both performances of cutting a cut material with a high accuracy and dressing a diamond cutting grindstone with an excellent cutting property and an reduced wearing amount of the grindstone. This ceramics dress substrate comprises sintering a mixture of ceramics grinding particles and a silicate mineral, The ceramics grinding particles are preferably uniformed and have a scratch hardness ranging from 6 to 10. Alumina grinding particles, silicon carbide and mullite are preferably used as the ceramics grinding particles, and a kaolin mineral, pyrophyllite, montmorillonite, sericite, talc and chlorite are preferably used as the silicate mineral. The ceramics dress substrate is preferably coated with glass.

Abstract: A mica tape formed by a paper-making process from a mixture of the mica particles and at least one selected from the group consisting of a short fiber made of a nitrogen-free organic material and a short fiber made of an inorganic material, and an insulated coil by winding the mica tape around a conductive coil and impregnating the mica tape with a solventless thermo-setting resin. The short fiber has an average diameter of 0.1 to 20 .mu.m and an average length of 0.5 to 10 mm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for forming an inexpensive, semi-permanent cured cementitious cover layer over deicing salt which is stored outdoors in large bulk mounds or piles and a salt pile or mound covered with such a layer.

Abstract: Barrier coating mixtures contain in a carrier liquid, (a) an elastomeric (preferably butyl-containing) polymer; (b) a dispersed exfoliated layered filler having an aspect ratio greater than 25; and (c) at least one surfactant, wherein the solids content of the mixture is less than 30% and the ratio of polymer (a) to filler (b) is between 20:1 and 1:1. Coated articles, which are rigid or flexible and elastomeric, and free-standing films and membranes, which are flexible and elastomeric, are produced using the barrier coating mixtures.

Abstract: A laminate and a coated web suitable for use as containers exhibiting a static decay of at least 90% in less than 2 seconds while measured at +/-5,000 volts, at 10% relative humidity and 24 hours conditioning is disclosed. The laminate and coated web comprise a paper substrate or a synthetic fiber substrate, a first coating on at least one surface of said paper substrate comprising synthetic hectorite clay and optionally a second coating comprising an organic or inorganic pigment applied over at least one of said coatings. These laminates are useful as antistatic coated paper containers.

Abstract: A sandwich type insulation for electrical machinery comprising a laminate of a polymeric material such as polyimide which contains particles of an inorganic corona resistant material, said polymeric material being bonded to mica paper consisting of mica, wherein said mica paper may be impregnated with polymeric resin containing particles of inorganic corona resistant material. The resultant insulation may be used as a tape or wrapper.

Abstract: Thermally sprayable powders for the formation of abradable seals and abradable seals formed by thermally spraying the powders include an alloyed metal phase material and a solid lubricant ceramic phase material. The alloyed metal phase material includes a major amount of a matrix metal which can be one or more of Ag or Cu, at least one melting point depressing metal which can be one or more of Si, B, Mn, or Al, and at least one oxidation resistant metal which can be one or more of Al, Cr, or Si. The solid lubricant ceramic phase is preferably hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulphide, graphite, talc, bentonite or mica. Abradable seals formed by thermally spraying the powders are suitable for use with Ti alloy blades at temperatures up to 700.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed are kaolin compositions of at least one hydrous kaolin characterized by a particle size distribution where 98% of the particles are less than about 2.mu., 90% are less than about 0.5.mu. and the median particle size is less than about 0.3.mu.. Also disclosed is a process which involves the steps (i) preparing an aqueous slurry of at least one hydrous kaolin; (ii) separating the particles from said slurry so that the particle size distribution is such that 98% of the particles are less than about 2.mu., 90% are less than about 0.5.mu. and a median particle size is less than about 0.3.mu.; and (iii) drying said separated particles. Pigment pastes and electrodeposition paints containing said compositions as well as cationic electrodeposition of said paint on a substrate and the article of manufacture prepared thereby are disclosed.

Abstract: A combination of lamellar and spherical particulates provides a film with desired slip and antiblock characteristics, in the absence of loose dust on the surface of the film. The film exhibits improved machinability over comparative films having either lamellar or spherical particulates. The invention is also directed to a composition of matter comprising a polymer having the mixture of lamellar and spherical particulates.

Abstract: A vapor barrier coating solution for polymeric articles is provided which contains a selected layered silicate dispersed in a cationic aqueous metal polysilicate, wherein the weight fraction layered silicate of total inorganic solids in the dry coating ranges from above 0 to about 99 percent.Preferably the layered silicate is vermiculite and the polysilicate is lithium polysilicate. Methods for producing and using this coating solution are also included.

Abstract: The present invention is a photographic paper which includes a paper sheet with a polyolefin resin layer on each surface of the paper sheet. The photographic paper includes a print retaining antistatic layer having a dry coverage of from 80 mg/m.sup.2 to 1000 mg/m.sup.2 on one of the free surfaces of the polyolefin layers. The print retaining antistatic layer includes a smectite clay, and a polymeric binder wherein the polymeric binder can sufficiently intercalate inside or exfoliate the smectite clay. The photographic paper can include a silver halide light sensitive emulsion layer on the other free surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phase retarder film made of a thermoplastic resin having an in-plane retardation of 50 to 300 nm and a ratio of the in-plane retardation to the retardation normal to the plane of not less than 0.5, but not more than 1.8, a process for the production thereof and a laminate phase retarder film using said phase retarder film above.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a single "hold-out" coating layer including a colloidal copolymer applied by the paper machine on the press-applied barrier side of a paperboard substrate. Such structures of this type, generally, allow paper machine with only one coater on the barrier side to apply a sufficient coating for the desired hold-out.

Abstract: Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant monomer amine and/or amide to sorb or intercalate the intercalant monomer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant monomer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 10-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid or the matrix polymer.

Abstract: A synthetic gasket material for use in a high-pressure press includes a major proportion of clay mineral powder having sufficient lubricity to flow in a high-pressure press, a minor proportion of at least one hard material powder having a sufficiently greater hardness than the clay mineral to retard flow of the clay mineral and form a seal during pressing in a high-pressure press, and a sufficient amount of binder to form an integral body. The synthetic gasket material is formed by thoroughly mixing together in desired proportions the clay mineral, hard material, and binder. The mixture is compacted into a body near net geometry and having a desired configuration to facilitate use in the high-pressure press. The compacted body is heated for a sufficient time and at a sufficient temperature to remove non-crystallographic water.

Abstract: Paperboard lids for containers comprising of a paperboard substrate, a coating of particulate minerals, a printed layer, and a radiation cured overprint varnish wherein the overprint varnish is mass stable and heat resistant above 325.degree. F. and does not distort or stick during platen heat sealing.

Abstract: A lining material for forming a tight barrier coating on a base material. The lining includes a thermoplastic polymer that does not cross-link in an aqueous dispersion. The thermoplastic polymer is 65%-85% of lining by dry matter weight. The lining also includes an additive including at least one particulate material having barrier-forming properties and in an aqueous dispersion. The additive is 15%-35% of the lining by dry matter weight. At least 95% of the particles of at least one particulate material fulfill the condition that the ratio between the largest and the smallest dimension of a particle of the particulate material is greater than 5:1.

Abstract: An absorbent composition of matter including a non-crosslinked gel forming polymer and at least one clay and preferably including a trivalent cation. The absorbency of the composition exceeds the sum of absorbencies of the components of the blend. The gel formed as a result of absorbency of fluid is non-slimy and has a high gel strength. The composition can be used with food products when made with all food safe ingredients. An absorbent article incorporating the absorbent material can be used for storage of food products.

Abstract: A decorative construction material such as a glass tile is produced from recycled glass granulate, and exhibits a smooth, external surface substantially free from defects on one side of the tile. One or two layer tiles may be produced. A binder, together with control of the maximum temperature and temperature gradient in the layers, if applicable, is used during manufacture to ensure a substantially flawless outer surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to moisture resistant frozen food packaging using highly-sized paperboard and press applied moisture resistant over-print varnishes. Such structures of this type, generally, employ a moisture-resistant coating which is placed between the food product and the paperboard in order to provide a barrier for the food from the board and also to prevent the paperboard from absorbing moisture. Also, edge-wick moisture absorption is minimized by the use of the highly-sized sheet.

Abstract: This invention relates to substrates for paperboard packing with an improved sizing layer including a styrene maleic anhydride binder for reducing edgewicking. Such structures of this type, generally, reduce the edgewick in the paperboard package such that catastrophic failure of the paperboard package is substantially reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalytic converter or diesel particulate filter comprising: (a) a housing; (b) a catalytic converter element or diesel particulate filter element disposed within said housing; and (c) a flexible intumescent sheet material disposed between said catalytic converter element and said housing; wherein said flexible intumescent sheet material comprises 1 to 70 dry weight percent of at least one unexpanded intumescent material, from greater than 20 to 50 dry weight percent of organic binder, 5 to less than 79 dry weight percent of inorganic binder, and 0 to 70 dry weight percent of one or more fillers.

Abstract: A two-step adsorption process for producing ordered organic/inorganic multilayer structures is provided. Multilayered films are formed on metallic and nonmetallic substrates by alternate adsorption of a cationic polyelectrolyte and anionic sheets of a silicate clay. The two-step adsorption process is not only fast but allows also for preparation of multilayer elements of thicknesses greater than about 2200 Angstroms on silicon, and greater than about 1500 Angstroms on gold, silver, and copper.

Abstract: Patterned cookware coatings can be obtained with colors not readily available from reflective pigments by additive color mixing of interference colors using oxide coated mica.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image receiving material comprising a receiving layer containing physical development nuclei characterized in that said physical development nuclei are grown on a colloidal smectic clay. Said image receiving material may be provided wih a photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer or may form a separate receiving element.The image receiving materials of the present invention can also be used for making lithographic printing plates having good printing properties.

Abstract: A coating composition which imparts anti-reflective and anti-fog properties to substrates coated therewith. The coating composition utilizes an inorganic metal oxide in combination with silane or a siloxane oligomer. The coating compositions are particularly useful in the manufacture of disposable surgical masks and face shields.

Abstract: A multi-ply structure which includes a release coating sandwiched between two plies of the structure and present in an amount of about 5 to about 25 g/sq yd., one of the plies of the structure being flexible and in contact with the release coating and removable therefrom by the application of a force of between about 90 to about 600 g/in., as determined by the Keil test procedure, including a composition for forming the release coating and comprising an aqueous coating composition which includes a solids portion and which is effective in formig a coating having release properties, the solids portion of the comosition comprising a major amount of resin binder and a minor amount of filler, the filler comprising a major amount of clay and a minor amount of magnesium or calcium hydroxide, and including also a continuous process for forming such multi-ply structure, including particularly a structure comprising a poly(vinyl chloride) ply strippable from a support ply.

Abstract: Non-asbestos flexible sheet material suitable for use in gaskets (e.g., automobile exhaust manifold gaskets) operating at high temperature (e.g., 500.degree.-700.degree. C.) is made by impregnating a non-woven tissue of glass or like fiber stable at 700.degree. C. with an aqueous slurry of inorganic filler, particularly a clay, said aqueous slurry including a dispersed elastomeric binder (e.g., an acrylic) and a dispersed or dissolved binder (e.g., colloidal silica) which is essentially inorganic and is effective above 300.degree. C. The impregnated tissue is then dried.

Abstract: A novel two-part coating composition and method for its production are disclosed. The novel coating composition comprises one part including a synthetic hectorite clay and a peptizer such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate. The other comprises a hydrophilic air curable epoxy resin. Films and food pouches made from said film are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a conductivized cellulosic sheet material and a method for making the same. The conductivized sheet material comprises a fibrous matrix of cellulosic material and conductive clay intimately and uniformly dispersed throughout the cross-sectional thickness of the fibrous matrix. Such a conductivized sheet exhibits advantageously low volume and surface resistivities at high and low relative humidities.