Abstract: A process for making printed circuit boards and the like including laminating a layer of a solid nonsensitized photoresist material onto a substrate producing a product suitable for indefinite storage under any light condition. A process including the further steps of sensitizing the solid photoresist material by wetting with a liquid sensitizer, drying the sensitized photoresist material, and then following the conventional exposure, developing and etching steps.

Abstract: A layered clad laminate with universal center plane adapted for the manufacture of printed wiring board comprising an electrically conductive self-sustaining, integral metal center sheet having, in repetitive fashion, a series of predetermined patterns of punched or photochemically developed openings therein, said sheet being pressed between electrical insulating layers of resin impregnated reinforcing material, said layers being adhered to said sheet and to each other through said openings, and on each of the outer surfaces of said laminate and adhered thereto a layer of electrically conductive metal foil which is essentially uniform and imperforate.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermosetting, cathodically depositable, aqueous electrocoating compositions which are produced by reacting a nitrogen base-containing binder, which contains tertiary amino groups and primary and/or secondary OH groups, with metal compounds, which are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water, of cobalt, copper, lead, nickel and/or manganese at temperatures between 100.degree. C. and 150.degree. C. under an inert gas. The resultant products are subsequently protonated with an acid and diluted with water in a manner known per se to yield electrocoating paints having a solids content of from 5 to 25% and pH values of 5 to 8. Octoates, naphthenates, borates, and also acetyl acetonates are preferred to be used as the metal compounds which are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are defined in the text, are useful as light stabilizers for polymeric materials, particularly for thermoplastic polymers and automotive finishes. Preferred compounds are those in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are identical (C.sub.8-17 alkyl)carbonyl groups.

Abstract: Acid cured, polymer protective layers are bonded to metal or cement surfaces using a primer coating of an acid stable, thermoplastic elastomer such as a block copolymer of styrene-butadiene.

Abstract: Use of 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine compounds or their acid addition salts or complexes with metal compounds, optionally together with further stabilizers, for stabilizing metallic stoving lacquers based on hot-crosslinkable alkyd or acrylic resins against the action of light, moisture and oxygen.

Abstract: Use of N-substituted 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperadine compounds, their acid addition salts or complexes with metal compounds, optionally together with further stabilizers, for stabilizing acid catalyzed stoving lacquers based on hot crosslinkable acrylic polyester or alkyd resins against the action of light, moisture and oxygen. The combination of an N-substituted 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine compound with a UV absorber is particularly effective in stabilizing said lacquers.

Abstract: Oxalanilides of formula I ##STR1## in which R is C.sub.6-22 alkyl or C.sub.6-22 alkoxyR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently, hydrogen, C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.1-12 alkoxy, C.sub.1-12 alkylthio, phenoxy or phenylthio; provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may not both be selected from alkylthio, phenoxy and phenylthio;andR.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-8 alkylcertain of which are novel, are useful as UV-stabilizers in organic polymers and organic polymer-containing coatings, particularly automotive finishes. The compounds have low volatility and excellent solubility in organic solvents such as are used in liquid finishes.

Abstract: Resinous salts, prepared by thioalkylation or sulfoalkylation of a phenol obtained by advancement of a polyepoxide, followed by at least partial neutralization, have the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.- represents a group of formula --S--R.sup.1 --COO.sup.- or a group of formula --SO.sub.3.sup.- ; R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic divalent group which may contain a further group --COO.sup.- M.sup.+ ; R.sup.2 represents --H or alkyl; one of R.sup.3 and R.sub.1.sup.3 represents a hydroxyl group and the other represents --H, halogen, alkyl, or alkenyl; each R.sup.4 represents --H, halogen, alkyl, or alkenyl; R.sup.5 represents --H, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, or a group --CH(R.sup.2)OH, --CH(R.sup.2)OR.sup.8, or --CHR.sup.2 --R.sup.- M.sup.+ ; R.sup.6 represents the residue of a polyepoxide, preferably of average mol. wt. 1000-5000; each of the groups R.sup.7, which may be the same or different, represents --H or a covalent bond linked to the group R.sup.6 ; R.sup.

Abstract: Laminates for printed circuit boards may comprise a metal-covered, relatively thin high temperature-resistant barrier material bonded to at least one side of a core material, the temperature resistance of the barrier layer being greater than that of the core. An example of the laminate will comprise a core material comprising an epoxy/glass laminate to which is bonded on both sides a barrier layer comprising a polyimide resin, said polyimide resin having a copper foil on the outer surface thereof. The laminates may be prepared by laying up a metal-clad high temperature-resistant barrier which has been fully cured on the core material followed by lamination of the composite at a temperature in the range of from about 150.degree. F. to about 450.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of from about 100 to about 1200 psi.

Abstract: The use of organic materials containing carbonyl groups (which are not part of carboxyl group), phenoxy groups, ester groups, or alcohol groups over vapor deposited metal layers improves their mar resistance. These organic materials can improve the properties of the metal layer when used in photoresist imaging films.

Abstract: Amino-formaldehyde products with activated carboxylic ester groups cross-link compounds containing pendant primary or secondary amine groups.This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 232,455, filed Feb. 9, 1981, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 128,613, filed 3/10/80, which is a division of Ser. No. 32,982, filed 4/25/79, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 926,762, filed 7/21/78, all now abandoned.

Abstract: A substrate that has a finish of a clear coat top layer in firm adherence to a color coat layer containing pigments that is in adherence to the substrate; the clear coat and color coat are formed from a high solids coating composition contains at least 50% by weight of a binder of film-forming constituents in which the constituents are of(A) a medium molecular weight acrylic polymer that has a number average molecular weight of about 5,000-20,000, a hydroxyl content of at least 2% by weight, a glass transition temperature of about -20.degree. C. to +20.degree. C.;(B) a low molecular weight acrylic polymer that has a number average molecular weight of about 500-7,500 a hydroxyl content of at least 2% by weight, a glass transition temperature of about -20.degree. C. to +25.degree. C.

Abstract: A substrate of either metal or plastic which is coated with a crater resistant enamel coating composition is used for the exterior of trucks and automobiles; the binder of the coating composition is a blend of(A) an acrylic polymer having hydroxy groups and contains about 0.1-10% by weight of a polymerized perfluoro carbon constituent of the formula ##STR1## where R is H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.1 is alkyl, R.sup.2 is perfluoro alkyl and n is 0 or 1 and(B) an aminoplast crosslinking agent such as an alkylated melamine formaldehyde resin;The composition is applied and baked by conventional techniques, to form a finish on the substrate that has an excellent appearance.

Abstract: A thermosetting coating composition with enhanced flexibility and impact strength and excellent weatherability adapted for use as an automotive topcoat which upon curing forms a hard, glossy, durable coating. The coating composition comprises:(A) a modified hydroxy acrylic copolymer which is the stepwise reaction product of:(i) a copolymer bearing pendant hydroxyl groups and having a number average molecular (M.sub.n) of between about 1000-5000,(ii) a dicarboxylic acid anhydride comprising at least about 50 percent by weight of an alkyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, and(iii) a monoepoxide functional monomer comprising at least about 90 percent by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 monoepoxide functional monomer;(B) an amine-aldehyde crosslinking agent;(C) optionally a hydroxy functional additive; and(D) solvent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a side seam-coated welded can comprising a welded can body having a seam on the side face and a resin coating layer covering at least one surface side of the seam, wherein said coating layer comprises a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin having a softening point of 50.degree. to 300.degree. C. as determined according to the ring and ball method, at a volume ratio ranging (A) from 95/5 to 25/75 or (B) from 20/80 to 1/99, and one of said two resins is present in the coating in the form of a continuous phase and at least a part of the other resin is present in the coating in the form of fine dispersed particles.This can is excellent in corrosion resistance and processability.

Abstract: Amino-formaldehyde products with activated carboxylic ester groups cross-link compounds containing pendant primary or secondary amine groups.

Abstract: A novel polymer comprising the reaction product of a first vinyl monomer and a second vinyl monomer which is an alkenyl succinic anhydride having the formula: ##STR1## These polymers are useful as epoxy curatives, boiler scale removers, detergent builders, thickeners and coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indirectly metallized labels for containers, such as bottles, coated with a lacquer that has been applied before metallizing, comprising 2 to 10 weight % (calculated on the amount of resin of said lacquer) of additives, which do not attack the metal of said labels and which are soluble in an aqueous caustic soda solution, containing 1.5 weight % of caustic soda, having a temperature of 80.degree. C.

Abstract: An electrical laminate comprising layers of an unsaturated polyester resin-impregnated fibrous cellulosic substrate is disclosed. The substrate is preimpregnated with a mixture and/or a condensate of an aminoplast with a higher fatty derivative having at least one functional group capable of condensation with the methylol group of aminoplast. The laminate exhibits improved moisture resistance and punchability.

Abstract: Process of producing metal-resin composite, and the composite resulting therefrom, are provided. The process comprises providing a solution or dispersion of a resin, for example, an epoxy resin, said solution or dispersion having dispersed therein at least one particulate metal compound for example, an oxide, of the Group I A and II A metals of the Periodic Table, the amount of metal compound being 1-500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of resin, then coating the solution or dispersion on a metal substrate and heating the coated substrate to evaporate the solvent for the resin and cure the resin. The resultant metal-resin composite is corrosion resistant, especially under acidic conditions, since the resin layer having the Group I A or II A metal compound dispersed therein serves to control the pH on the surface of the metal substrate to within the range from 4 to 12 under acidic conditions in the atmosphere surrounding the metal-resin composite.

Abstract: Most processes for the generation of metal oxide or metal sulfide films involved oxidation of existing metal layers or direct vapor deposition of the oxide or sulfide layer. These processes do not provide efficient control of film integrity, optical properties, and bonding. The use of a metal vapor deposition process in which a controlled amount of oxygen or sulfur containing gas or vapor is introduced into the metal vapor stream or portions enables formation of metal oxide or metal sulfide films with excellent control over the film properties.

Abstract: Carboxylate salts, prepared by a Mannich reaction and useful in the preparation of water-borne coatings, have the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic, aromatic, or araliphatic divalent group which may contain a further --COO.sup.- M.sup.+ ; R.sup.2 represents --H, --CH(R.sup.3)N(R.sup.10)R.sup.1 COO.sup.- M.sup.+, or alkyl which may be substituted by --COO.sup.- M.sup.+, --CH(R.sup.3)OH, or --CH(R.sup.3)OR.sup.8, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 containing together not more than one --COO.sup.- M.sup.+ ; R.sup.3 represents --H or alkyl; each R.sup.4 represents --H, halogen, alkyl, or alkenyl; R.sup.5 represents --H, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, or a group --CH(R.sup.3)OH, --CH(R.sup.3)OR.sup.8, or --CHR.sup.3 --NR.sup.2 --R.sup.1 --COO.sup.- M.sup.+ ; either R.sup.6 represents --H and R.sup.7 represents the residue of a polyepoxide, preferably of average mol. wt. 1000-5000, or R.sup.6 represents a covalent bond linked to the group R.sup.7, and R.sup.

Abstract: A high-solids enamel coating on a substrate can give metallic glamor comparable to that imparted by conventional lacquer coatings containing metallic-flakes when the amount of metallic flake pigment in the enamel is increased over conventional amounts with a proportional increase in the amount of chromatic pigments.

Abstract: A thermosetting synthetic crosslinking resin containing selected ethers of the reaction product of an isoadipoguanamine mixture and formaldehyde can be incorporated into a variety of coating compositions to provide finishes that are characterized by hardness, flexibility, durability, excellent adhesion, and commercially-acceptable cure temperatures.

Abstract: A multi-layer coating reflector consisting of 3 or 4 layers of the present invention, which comprises a light reflective metallic vacuum-deposited layer disposed on a substrate which may, or may not, have a resin layer thereon and a light transmittable inorganic or light transmittable resin layer which may, or may not, be further disposed on the surface of that, use for one or both of the resin layers high aryl silicone resin in which the mole percentage of aryl/alkyl+aryl is 65-100%.With the use of such high aryl silicone resin, when said resin is a protective layer, the reflector has excellent resistance to light, weathering, water, humidity, chemicals and bending and when it is on the substrate, the light reflective metal has excellent reflection properties and obtains bright reflected images, high precision light collection and distribution properties.

Abstract: The weatherability and durability of clear coat/color coat finishes can be significantly increased by incorporating one or more ultraviolet light stabilizers into the color coat.

Abstract: A thermosetting coating composition contains an acid-curable amino resin and from 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of a blocked sulphonic acid calculated on the weight of amino resin. In order to reduce the electric conductivity of the composition after a prolonged pot-life, a sulphonic acid oximate is used as the blocked acid.The compositions are advantageous for coating a substrate by electrostatic spraying.

Abstract: The reflector of the present invention is the one in which on a substrate are successively arranged a resin layer, preferably, a resin layer having a molar percentage of an aryl group/(alkyl group plus aryl group) is 65-100%, a vacuum deposited layer of a light reflective metal and a light transmissible crystalline ceramic layer in this order. Pinholes or non-smoothness on the substrate is eliminated by disposing the resin layer on the substrate, and a vacuum deposited layer of a light reflective metal having a smooth surface is easily obtained. And on the surface thereof is disposed a vacuum coated layer of the light transmittable crystalline ceramic, and hence, without taking the reflector out of a vacuum depositor, it can be vacuum deposited continuously and its manufacture is very easy.

Abstract: A high bond strength, water reducible modified polyester resin composition is disclosed which comprises: (I) a polyester resin consisting essentially of the reaction product of a: (a) aromatic dicarboxylic acid or mixtures thereof; (b) tris (2 hydroxy alkyl) isocyanurate, organic polyhydric alcohol containing more than two hydroxyl groups or mixtures thereof; (c) saturated fatty acid, and (d) tricarboxylic acid and II additive consisting essentially of: (a) 8 wt. % to 30 wt. %, based on 100% polyester solids, of an aqueous solution of a water soluble, unmodified phenol-formaldehyde resin having an average molecular weight of below about 275; and (b) 20 wt. % to 55 wt. %, based on the polyester solids of water soluble urea-formaldehyde condensation products.

Abstract: Use of N-substituted 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine compounds, their acid addition salts or complexes with metal compounds, optionally together with further stabilizers, for stabilizing acid catalyzed stoving lacquers based on hot cross-linkable acrylic or alkyd resins against the action of light, moisture and oxygen.

Abstract: An article with multi-layer protective coatings, comprising a substrate and two protective coating layers, in which said protective coating layers consist of a vacuum-coated ceramic layer and a resin layer, coated in any desired order.

Abstract: The reflector of the present invention is a multi-layer reflector comprising a substrate with or without a resin layer coated thereon; a light-reflective metal layer vacuum-coated on said substrate; and a protective layer consisting of a light transmittable resin layer and a light transmittable, preferably vacuum-coated, inorganic substance layer coated on said metal layer. By this, each film can be thin as compared with each individual protective film, which leads to good heat conductivity low temperature rise, high impact strength and good durability and which gives clear reflected images or high precision light collective and light distributing properties. In addition, the coated light-reflective metal shows better regular reflectivity, giving clear and sharp reflected images and allowing more accurate light collective or light distributing properties.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing peelable adhesive structures. It comprises preparing a first paint solution containing vinyl resin and a stably emulsified hydrocarbon or natural resin having softening point less than 180.degree. C. and concentration between 50 and 200 parts by weight per 100 parts of vinyl resin dispersed in a continuous phase of the vinyl resin. The first paint solution is applied onto a metal base material (1) to form a first coating layer (2). A second coating layer (3) is formed by applying a second paint solution containing epoxy resin and polyethylene oxide at a concentration of between 0.5 and 90 weight percent of epoxy resin over the first coating layer. The first and second coating layers have thicknesses ranging from about 0.5 to 100 mg/m.sup.2. A layer of olefin resin (4) is joined to the second coating layer.

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter comprising the reaction product of beta-diketones and epoxy resins blended with monomeric or polymeric phosphonium salts are hereby provided. The beta-diketones useful herein are those which enolize in amounts that render them sufficiently acidic and reactable with epoxy groups of the resin. The novel reaction products can be dispersed in water to form pretreatment agents and they can be formulated with curing agents to form coating compositions. Ferrous metals treated with the compositions of this invention exhibit excellent corrosion resistance properties.

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter comprising a water-dispersible reaction product of beta-diketones and epoxy material are hereby provided. The beta-diketones useful herein are those which enolize in amounts that render them sufficiently acidic and reactable with epoxy groups of the resin. The novel reaction products can be dispersed in water and they can be formulated optionally with curing agents. Ferrous metals treated with the compositions of this invention exhibit excellent corrosion-resistant properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to insulating laminates which consists with several sheets of reinforcements (1) inpregnated with curable resin and layers (2) of cured resin located between each reinforcement. Metal clad laminates is also disclosed which is consisting with reinforcement (1), layers (2) of cured resin and metal foil (5) to be placed on the laminates. Each reinforcements (1) are substantially isolated by the resin layers (2).

Abstract: An improved silicone resin coating composition is provided, the composition comprising an aged dispersion of colloidal silica in an aliphatic alcohol-water solution of the partial condensate of a silanol with a small, adhesion-promoting amount of a .beta.-hydroxyketone compound added thereto.

Abstract: Highly fire resistant composites or laminates particularly applicable as structural components in aircraft, e.g. in the engine nacelle, as part of the acoustic panel-fire wall structure, and capable of withstanding a 2,000.degree. F. flame temperature, comprising incorporating an additive in the form of an ammonium salt, or an amine salt, of a phosphonic acid or a phosphinic acid, into a resin, e.g., a polyimide or an epoxy resin, such additive being soluble in the resin. The resulting resin containing the additive, e.g., the ammonium, or amine, salt of phenyl phosphonic or phenyl phosphinic acid, is then applied to or impregnated into a substrate such as glass fiber cloth or graphite fiber, to form a composite structure which is then cured. The resulting cured composite when subjected to high temperatures of the order of, e.g., a 2,000.degree. F.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions comprise(a) a compound containing in the same molecule both at least one phenolic hydroxyl group and at least two groups chosen from allyl, methallyl, and 1-propenyl groups, e.g., 2,2-bis(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane or bis(3-(1-propenyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)methane,(b) a compound containing at least two mercaptan groups per molecule, e.g., pentaerythritol tetrathioglycollate, and(c) a heat-activated crosslinking agent for phenol-aldehyde novolac resins.The compositions are caused to polymerize by the action of irradiation of free-radical catalysts. The polymers so obtained, containing more than one phenolic hydroxyl group, can be subsequently crosslinked in situ by heating. The compositions are useful in various two-stage operations, such as the production of multilayer printed circuits.Polymerizable compositions may also comprise(d) a compound as (a) but containing at least two phenolic hydroxyl groups,(e) a compound containing more than two mercaptan groups per molecule.

Abstract: A solid resinous product useful for coatings, adhesives and molding materials which is obtained by polymerizing a by-product tar produced as by-product in manufacturing resorcinol or resorcinol and hydroquinone via hydroperoxide of m-diisopropylbenzene or of a combination of m- and p-diisorpopylbenzenes and containing m-substituted phenolic constituents or a combination of m- and p-substituted phenolic constituents as major constituents.

Abstract: Enameling varnishes are made from particular polyarylquinoxaline resins; these resins comprise, in addition to arylquinoxaline groups, biphenylene or biquinoxalylene groups and their inherent viscosity at 30.degree. C. and 0.5 g/dl concentration in m-cresol is from 0.5 to 1.3 dl/g.

Abstract: A can at least a part of which is made of an electrolytically chromated steel sheet, said steel sheet having such a surface that when it is degreased in acetone for 1 minute and analyzed by an Auger electron spectrometer at an incident electron accelerating voltage of 3 KeV, a modulation voltage of 3 V, a modulation frequency of 12 to 20 KHz and a degree of vacuum of at least 6.times.10.sup.-8 torr, the ratio of the peak-peak distance (O.sub.P-P) of KL.sub.2.3 L.sub.2.3 of oxygen to the base-peak distance (Cr.sub.B-P) of L.sub.3 M.sub.2.3 M.sub.4.5 of chromium in the resulting Auger electron spectrum satisfies the following relation:6.5.gtoreq.(O.sub.P-P)/(Cr.sub.B-P).gtoreq.1.5.

Abstract: A vulcanizable rubber composition comprising a rubber, a vulcanizing agent and glyoxal or a glyoxal reaction product and a method of adhering fiber or steel tire cord, are disclosed.

Abstract: High density thermoset foams of acrylic polymers are prepared by dry mixing a hydroxy-functional acrylic polymer, e.g., a copolymer of styrene, ethyl acrylate, hydroxy alkyl acrylate and acrylic acid, with a crosslinking agent, e.g., a melamineformaldehyde condensate, and then subjecting the resulting mixture to conditions sufficient to cause the mixture to foam and to crosslink to a thermoset material.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a phenol resin modified with a liquid polybutadiene which comprises reacting a polybutadiene having a number average molecular weight of 150 to 5,000 with a phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a composition which consists of a polybutadiene-phenol adduct and unreacted phenol, in said polybutadiene-phenol adduct, one molecule of phenol per 3 to 8 butadiene units being added to the polybutadiene, and reacting the composition of a polybutadiene-phenol adduct with a formaldehyde in the presence of a basic catalyst, said basic catalyst comprising a primary amine of the formula: R--NH.sub.2 wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 mole per 1 mole of the phenol used for the preparation of the composition which is used alone or in combination thereof with other basic compound.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions are employed to form a protective coating on metal surfaces, in particular, ferrous or tin surfaces, and are especially useful for the coating of blackplate or tin-plated cans. The compositions contain, in the form of an aqueous emulsion, an epoxy resin, an alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin, an acid catalyst, a block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and water. The composition is applied to a clean metal surface by any conventional technique and even-cured to provide a protective, paint-receptive coating.

Abstract: The bonding of phenolic resins and phenolic molding materials to copper is significantly improved by the addition to the phenolic material of elemental sulfur in a weight percentage from 0.005% to 1%, the weight percentage of sulfur being preferably from 0.01% to 0.2%.

Abstract: A method of metallizing materials by coating a substrate material with a hydrophilic composite material; electrolessly metal plating the hydrophilic composite material with a metal to render the surface conductive; followed by electroplating a metal onto the conductive surface. The method can, for example, be utilized to produce metallized foams, embossing plates for reproduction of grains and textures, and decorative coatings for substrate materials.

Abstract: A laminated article for electrical applications is disclosed which comprises at least two sheets of electrically isolated electrical steel each having a thickness of less than 0.020 inch, and an adhesive between adjacent sheets bonding the adjacent sheets to one another without creating significant compressive stress in the plane of the sheets. The adhesive is characterized by substantially instantaneous bonding at a temperature less than 750.degree. F.