Abstract: The invention relates to a water and oil repellency imparting composition which comprises:(a) a fluoroaliphatic radical-containing agent; and(b) a polymer comprising cyclic carboxylic anhydride groups.Additionally, the composition may comprise:(c) a softener and/or a plasticizer. The composition provides water and oil repellent properties to fibrous and other substrates treated therewith and it shows high compatibility with the commonly used softeners.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for treating and protecting a substrate, said method comprising coating the surface of said substrate with a composition comprising a blend of(A) a polydimethylsiloxane polymer having a viscosity at 25.degree. C. of 5 to 100,000 cS; and(B) a polyisobutylene oligomer having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 550. The treatment imparts an aesthetically pleasing appearance to the surfaces of plastic, rubber or leather substrates whereby surface gloss is enhanced, but not excessively, as is the case for a comparable all-silicone treating agent.

Abstract: A sporting implement has a head portion with a hitting surface for contacting a ball. The implement uses a plurality of animal hide sections formed in a laminate for excellent durability, elasticity, batting sound and batting field. Each of the animal hide sections have a plurality of slits therein. The head portion or club head of the sporting implement is profiled so that the laminated end surfaces of the laminated hide are directed at a hitting or batting surface, whereby a stress generated in the batting surface at the time of batting is absorbed and attenuated by the plurality of slits within the laminated hide surface.

Abstract: Fluorochemical compositions comprising fluorinated compounds, wherein the fluorinated compound comprises fluorochemical oligomeric portion, an organic moiety, and a group that can impart soft hand, stain release, water repellency, or a durable property when the compound is applied to a fibrous substrate, wherein the fluorochemical oligomeric portion is bonded to the organic moiety through an isocyanate-derived linking group. Also disclosed are fluorochemical compositions in the form of fluorochemical liquid dispersions and methods for preparing substrates treated with such compositions. Substrates so treated exhibit particularly durable and abrasion-resistant oil and water repellent properties. Intermediates in the preparation of the fluorochemical compositions are also disclosed. Some of the intermediates are useful as emulsifiers in fluorochemical liquid dispersions.

Abstract: A laminate comprising a thermoplastic polymer essentially consisting of polylactic acid, a copolymer of lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid or a mixture of polylactic acid with a copolymer of lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid, and a regenerated cellulose film, paper, leather, cloth, or fiber. The laminate undergoes degradability in the natural environment, is excellent in transparency, gloss and moisture-proofness, has high strength and can be used for various packaging materials.

Abstract: Natural and artificial animal skins are provided with randomly spaced protuberances which simulate natural quill marks of ostrich skins. The protuberances are created from die formed depressions into which is adhered an individual glob of hot melt material. The glob has a generally semi-spherical mass extending above the inner surface of the animal skin. During manufacture of articles therefrom, the globs have the tendency to accentuate the appearance of the quill marks.

Abstract: A finished leather comprising a leather to which has been applied a fat liquoring and/or water repellant agent, and a particularly formulated polyurethane adhesive improving bottoming coat composition applied thereto.

Abstract: The invention concerns graft copolymers, useful for the treatment of leather, comprising monomers of the formula ##STR1## grafted onto a base polymer comprising monomers of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have van der Waals volumes which differ from one another by less than 30 percent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a treating composition containing 0.3 to 30% by weight of a fluoroaliphatic radical containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound, 0.3 to 30% by weight of an anti-soiling agent and 0 to 60% by weight of an environmentally acceptable water-miscible organic solvent and water for the use for imparting excellent water- and oil repellency, stain resistance and dry soil resistance to textiles, carpets, concrete, paper, leather and wool.

Abstract: A method for treating leather with a low fogging, substantive, retan fatliquor containing a dispersion of a selected amphiphilic copolymer, substantially free from organic solvents, formed from a predominant amount of at least one hydrophobic monomer and a minor amount of at least one copolymerizable hydrophilic monomer. The method produces leather having desirable strength and softness qualities and particularly reduced fogging characteristics, the leather being particularly suitable for use in vehicle upholstery.

Abstract: A method of improving the strength, temper and water resistance of leather utilizing selected amphiphilic copolymers is provided. The amphiphilic copolymers are formed from a predominant amount of at least one hydrophobic monomer and a minor amount of at least one copolymerizable hydrophilic monomer. The method is particularly useful as a one step substitute for conventional retanning and fatliquoring treatment steps. In a preferred embodiment the amphiphilic copolymers also provide a significant degree of water resistance to the leather.

Abstract: Fluorochemical compositions comprising fluorinated compounds, wherein the fluorinated compound comprises fluorochemical oligomeric portion bonded through --O--, --S--, --NH--, or CO.sub.2 -- to a moiety comprising a group derived from an amino resin. Also disclosed are fluorochemical compositions in the form of fluorochemical liquid dispersions and methods for preparing substrates treated with such compositions. Substrates so treated exhibit particularly durable and abrasion-resistant oil and water repellent properties.

Abstract: The invention concerns graft copolymers, useful for the treatment of leather, comprising monomers of the formula ##STR1## grafted onto a base polymer comprising monomers of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have van der Waals volumes which differ from one another by less than 30 percent.

Abstract: This invention relates to solutions of alkali metal stearates which remain soluble and stable at room temperature. In particular, the invention relates to an aqueous solution which includes an alkali metal stearate selected from the group consisting of sodium stearate and potassium stearate, and a water soluble nonionic surfactant. More particularly, the invention relates to a solution which when deposited on a substrate forms a stearate-surfactant lubricant layer upon removal of water. The solutions may be used in neat form or delivered as part of an emulsion.

Abstract: A dosage form is disclosed comprising a first layer and a second layer. The first layer provides immediate therapy and comprises a drug stereoisomer and the second layer provides prolonged therapy and comprises a drug racemate.

Abstract: Composite-coated flat-rolled steel, product, method of manufacture and method of fabrication in which single or double-reduced low-carbon steel, after surface preparation, is flash-coated with tin (about 0.05 #/bb) which is alloyed with the base metal. Dichromate treatment passivates the tin-iron alloy surfaces depositing a chrome oxide layer prior to application of an organic coating (about 3 to 15 mg/in.sup.2 to each surface). Enhanced coating adhesion of the organic coating enables draw-processing of the double-reduced steel base metal substrate into unitary can bodies without damage to coating or substrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aromatic vinyl ether siloxane having the formula ##STR1## wherein A is --CH.sub.2 -- or >C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ;m has a value of from 1 to 22;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is (a) and R.sub.2 can be a mixture of (a) and (b) when m is greater than one,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are lower alkyl,r has a value of from 0 to 20,R is alkylene or alkylene phenylene,B is C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 alkylene, arylene or a fluorinated derivative of these radicals,t has a value of from 1 to 100,Z is C.sub.2 to C.sub.3 alkylene andn has a value of from 1 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of high-gloss patent leather from two-component polyurethane compositions by reacting hydroxyl group-containing oligourethanes with polyisocyanates, characterized in that the oligourethanes have been synthesized fromA) at least 2 macrodiols in a molar ratio of about 1:6 to 6:1 wherein1) the first macrodiol has an average molecular weight of 254 to about 650 and contains an aromatic ring or a saturated or unsaturated cycloaliphatic ring and2) the second macrodiol has an average molecular weight of about 1,200 to 3,000, provided that the molecular weight of macrodiol A/2 is at least 3 times the molecular weight of macrodiol A/1, andB) at least one diisocyanate,wherein the macrodiol:diisocyanate molar ratio is about 1.0:0.9 to 1.0:0.3.The present invention is also directed to the high-gloss patent leather prepared in accordance with the above process.

Abstract: Biologically stable, fungistatic and bacteriostatic, untanned wet animal hides intrinsically insensitive to mildews, devoid of coloration and chromium values and containing from 50% to 70% of water, from 5% to 30% of inorganic matter, from 0.5% to 1.5% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and from 85% to 90% of dermal material, are produced by impregnating pickled hides with a basic aluminum polychloride or polychlorosulfate and then alkalyzing the medium of impregnation.

Abstract: This invention relates to vinyl ether siloxanes having the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is alkylene or phenylene optionally substituted with fluorine,R is alkylene or alkylene phenylene,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower alkyl,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl,A is --CH.sub.2 --, >C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, or ##STR2## W is ##STR3## with the proviso W is ##STR4## when p is one and at least one of W is ##STR5## when p is greater than one; Z is C.sub.2 to C.sub.3 alkylene,X is hydrogen or methyl,B is halo or lower alkyl,m has a value of from 1 to 10,n has a value of from 1 to 20,p has a value of from 0 to 10,r has a value of from 0 to 20,t has a value of from 1 to 100 andv has a value of from 0 to 4.The invention also relates to the process of preparing the present vinyl ether siloxanes and to their use as coating materials.

Abstract: Process for preparing raw hide containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound, comprising: (a) subjecting raw hide to a solution containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound; and (b) drying the raw hide containing the inorganic pyrophosphate salt. The raw hide containing the inorganic pyrophosphate is chewed and/or eaten by dogs, with the result that tartar accumulation on their teeth is reduced or prevented.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a polymer network comprising a poly(meth) acrylate which is linked by means of oligomer chains which contain chemically bound ethylene oxide units as hydratable groups, the ethylene oxide units being present in the form of oligomer blocks containing 5/14 200 ethylene oxide units, for coating and/or impregnating a substrate or for manufacturing products such as eye lenses and matrices for immobilizing and/or the regulated release of active substances. The polymer network has improved mechanical properties and a desirable permeability to water or water vapour.

Abstract: A leather article decorated with light emitting diodes. The article has first and second lengths of flat, braided conductors sewn to thee back surface with a gap between the two lengths. Holes are formed through the leather between the two lengths of conductors and the light emitting diode is secured by its leads to the two lengths so that it protrudes through the leather. Lengths are connected to a battery and a switch so that the decorated area may be turned off or on as desired.

Abstract: Process for preparing raw hide having a coating containing, at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound, comprising:(a) subjecting raw hide to a liquefied coating material containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound, thereby, forming a coating of such liquefied coating material on the raw hide; and(b) drying the raw hide having a coating containing said at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound.The raw hide having a coating containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate is chewed and/or eaten by dogs, with the result that tartar accumulation on their teeth is reduced or prevented.

Abstract: Seasoning agents for leather and leatherlike materials contain solutions of cellulose acetobutyrate having a butyryl content.gtoreq.45% by weight.

Abstract: The leather is treated with a resin, quaternary ammonium compound, amine or polymer before the impregnation with the fluoro chemicals. With these auxiliaries, a uniform effectiveness of the fluoro chemicals which act on the surface is achieved, regardless of the procedure or the chemicals previously introduced into the leather. These auxiliaries can optionally also be applied to the leather together with the fluoro chemicals.

Abstract: There are provided new articles comprising elements having surfaces bonded together with a bonding resin which is an elastomeric copolymer of about 15 to 45 mol %, preferably about 25 to 35 mol % trioxane, about 55 to 85 mol %, preferably about 65 to 75 mol % of 1,3-dioxolane, said mol percents based on the total of trioxane and 1,3-dioxolane, and about 0.005 to 0.15 wt. %, preferably about 0.05 to 0.12 wt. % of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether or butadiene diepoxide as a bifunctional monomer, based on the total weight of copolymer. Preferably, at least one of said surfaces, and more preferably at least two of said surfaces bonded to each other are of a crystalline acetal polymer comprising at least 85 mol % of polymerized oxymethylene units.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cellular cellulosic wiping material consisting of a cellular cellulosic substrate covered on at least one side with an expanded latex foam obtained from an aqueous latex composition having a viscosity of between 2500 and 3500 mPa.s, measured at 20.degree. C. under 65% humidity, and giving a foam density of between 250 and 400 g/l.

Abstract: Acrylate binders consist of (a) 38 to 98% by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylate, (b) 1 to 6% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid, (c) 0 to 30% by weight of acrylonitrile, (d) 0 to 60% by weight of methyl methacrylate and (e) 0 to 10% by weight of one or more other comonomers containing no acid, basic or crosslinking groups and are obtainable by copolymerization of the monomers in the presence of 0.02 to 0.5% by weight of an organic peroxo compound and 1.0 to 5.0% by weight of an anionic emulsifier, the percentage data relating to the sum of (a) to (e), are particularly suitable for dressing leather.

Abstract: A single phase aqueous solution containing water, a water-soluble film former (e.g., 2-hydroxyethylacrylate) and a salt of an acid (e.g., calcium trifluoroacetate) is used as a primer for adhering to or overcoating hard tissue such as tooth dentin.

Abstract: Compositions comprising(a) phosphoric acid partial esters of oxyalkylated C.sub.14-20 -fatty alcohols and(b) phosphoric acid partial esters of non-oxyalkylated C.sub.12-20 -fatty alcoholsoptionally together with(c) a hydrophilic non-ionic or anionic surfactant different from (a) a (b)but essentially free of optionally chemically modified natural leather-fatting agentsare excellently suitable for the softening and fatting of leather without admixture of optionally chemically modified natural leather fatting agents.

Abstract: A composite vehicle-interior finish material having high adhesive strength and excellent heat resistance is composed of three layers, namely, a first layer formed of a polyvinyl chloride sheet or leather, a second layer formed by impregnated and coating a soft foam with a vinylidene chloride-based copolymer latex composed of 64-95 wt. % of vinylidene chloride monomer, 4-35 wt. % of at least one vinyl monomer other than vinylidene chloride monomer and 1-10 wt. % of an unsaturated organic acid monomer and then drying the soft foam, and a third layer formed by coating a base material with the vinylidene chloride-based copolymer latex and then drying the base material. These three layers have been bonded together by high-frequency welding.

Abstract: A chamois-foam laminate sandwich structure is provided to increase the water absorbent properties by foam reservoir pockets and to provide for increased water delivery upon squeezing with substantially the same "hand" and feel as the original chamois.

Abstract: A process is provided for covering an interior part with a layer of leather. The process includes subjecting a layer of leather to a heat treatment. A water-soluble protective film is then applied to the decorative upper side of the leather. The area of the interior part that is to be covered is cleaned using a solvent. An adhesive agent is applied to the cleaned area of the interior part using a brush. An adhesive agent is sprayed onto the backside of the leather layer. The two adhesive agents on the interior part and on the leather layer are ventilated. The leather layer is then applied to the interior part, and the water-soluble protective film on the decorative upper side of the leather is removed. The adhesive agent is then hardened.

Abstract: This invention provides a multi-step process for the preparation of ceramic fibers, such as ferrimagnetic spinel fibers which are useful in electromagnetic interaction shielding applications.The process involves subjecting a ceramic powder-filled hollow organic fiber to isostatic pressing, and then pyrolyzing and sintering the compacted fiber to yield a ceramic fiber.

Abstract: A canvas for use by an artist for painting includes a flexible substrate material having a surface coating of a refined animal glue which forms a translucent glaze as the painting surface. The substrate is preferably open-weave nylon having a denier value of between 200 and 400 denier, inclusive. A binding intermediate coating of either rabbit skin glue or a whitener may be used to increase the binding of the surface coating to the substrate, and the coated substrate may be mounted on a stretching framework and, if desired, backed by butcher's paper. The production process for this canvas includes the steps of coating a sheet of the substrate with a binding material, drying this first coat, glazing the material with a glazing compound that dries to a translucent layer, and drying the glazed sheet. This process may be a continuous stream production process.

Abstract: An acid and a water-soluble film former are used as a primer for hard tissue (e.g., dentin). The acid has a pK.sub.a less than or equal to that of phenol and the acid and its calcium salt(s) are soluble in the film former. The primer is free of adhesively detrimental quantities of calcium salts that are not soluble in the film former.

Abstract: The coating of surfaces to impart gloss and protect from weathering, and the use of solvents in paint formulations, are disclosed; the following being exemplary: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are saturated alkyls having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms therein. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, alternatively, may be the same and form a nitrogen heterocyclic compound such as that derived from, for example, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a hexahydroazepine.

Abstract: A method of working leather, in which a deposit of material adhering to the leather is made on the surface of the leather to enable a leather footwear upper treated in this way to adhere to a sole without being carded or sanded, either by direct injection of sole-constituting material, or else by bonding on or by gluing on a prefabricated sole, and/or to enable the leather to be worked by a high frequency current.

Abstract: A process for preparing collagen membranes useful in tissue repair, and wound healing and related membranous implant materials useful in both hard and soft tissue applications is disclosed. The resulting membranes and materials have properties which can be varied as desired to suit intended use. Variation results from altering the precise conditions of formation of the membrane or of related fibers and solids. The process comprises first forming a gel from solubilized collagen, followed by converting the gel into a one-, two- or three-dimensional membranous solid form. This conversion is performed either by applying pressure to the gel, or by disrupting the gel and separating the resulting precipitate for casting.

Abstract: A lacquer composition comprising a water soluble reaction product of(a) a water soluble acrylic polymer or copolymer having pendant amine groups, and(b) a glycidyl ether of a di- or polyhydric alcohol or monomeric phenolic compound having 2-4 aromatic hydroxy groupswith the proviso that per amine equivalent of component (a) 0.5-0.85 epoxide equivalents of component (b) are present, the reaction product being hardened by a mixture of component (b) above and a glycidyl ether of a polymeric phenol-aldehyde condensate or of polyamine derived from ethyleneimine and/or propyleneimine.The composition is useful for coating such substrates as leather.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a high-solids polyurethane reactive coating system based on blocked NCO-prepolymers, polyamines and, optionally, solvents, said coating system containing a leveller agent comprising(1) a combination of from about 1 to 10% by weight of (A) vinyl polymers and copolymers based on (meth)acrylic acid esters and, optionally, other comonomers and from about 0.1 to 2% by weight of (B) polysiloxanes and/or polyalkylene oxide/polysiloxane copolymers,(2) from about 0.2 to 2.0% by weight of (C) poly(meth)acrylic acid (hydroxy)alkyl ester graft polymers on silicones,(3) mixtures of (A), (B) and (C) in the amounts specified,(4) mixtures of (A) and (C) in the amounts specified or(5) mixtures of (B) and (C) in the amounts specified.The present invention also relates to textile substrates coated on one or both sides or surface-textured sheet-form materials, particularly velour leather, coated with the above leveller-containing, high-solids polyurethane reactive coating systems.

Abstract: A method of preparing an impregnated leather composite is provided. A low density leather sheet is impregnated with an aqueous ionic dispersion of a polyurethane polymer. The polyurethane polymer which is impregnated in the leather sheet is ionically coagulated from the dispersion. The impregnate is dried to form an impregnated leather composition.

Abstract: Fluoroaliphatic-thio,-sulfinyl and -sulfonyl substituted bicycloaliphatic amic acid amine salts of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl, R' is alkylene optionally interrupted by --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## where R.sub.a is hydrogen or alkyl, Y is lower alkylene or --O--, n is 0-2, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl or together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, represent morpholino, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, or hydroxy lower alkyl, R.sub.6 is lower alkyl, carboxy lower alkyl, sulfo lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, benzyl or together with R.sub.5 and the nitrogen to which they are attached represent morpholino, and R is hydrogen or methyl are provided. These salts applied in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions or emulsions are useful in rendering cellulosic and natural and synthetic polyamide materials oil and water repellent.

Abstract: Leather is finished with a synthetic carboxylated rubber dispersion to which as much as 50% by weight of one or more oxides and/or hydroxides of divalent and/or trivalent metals may have been added, finishing being carried out by a process in which the carboxylated rubber dispersion is prepared by the emulsion feed method, with a conversion of more than 90%, in such a way that it contains from 20 to 60% by weight of carboxylated rubber which is soluble in dimethylformamide at room temperature.

Abstract: A surface modified substrate, wherein the substrate carries a complex adsorbed thereto, which complex is of a polymeric cationic surfactant that contains primary amino nitrogens as well as secondary and/or tertiary amino nitrogens, and a dialdehyde that has 1-4 carbon atoms between the two aldehyde groups. To said complex there may additionally be bonded an anionic compound and optionally alternatingly additional cationic and anionic compounds. The modification primarily means that positive or negative charges can be imparted to the original substrate. Secondly, however, the point may be to utilize reactive groups in bonded cationic or anionic compounds.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a novel method for producing leather fibrous tissues in the form of raw material and semi-leather sheets produced by this method wherein odd flocks and other unnecessary fragments of animals' leathers produced subsequent to cutting or shaving operations of the leathers are cut into very short length in dried conditions and then resoluted in water, thereafter being dried up again to form small leather pieces. These pieces are selectively assorted through a filter means and uniformly stuck onto the outer surface area of a suitable basic clothing sheet. The invention further involves the construction of semi-leather sheet products produced by this method, which are far superior in heat-resisting, moisture-absorbent and releasing properties to the conventional semi-leather sheet products now on the market.

Abstract: Formulations containing pigments and/or delustrants, a solution of a pigment binder and, if appropriate, additives, characterized in that the pigment binder is a copolymer of, relative to the weight of the copolymer,10-40% by weight of an acrylic acid ester having 1-12 C atoms in the alcohol chain,10-40% by weight of a methacrylic acid ester having 1-4 C atoms in the alcohol chain,10-30% by weight of N-vinylpyrrolidone,5-15% by weight of acrylic acid and10-20% by weight of a vinyl ester having 1-4 C atoms in the acid chain,which have been prepared in an organic solvent which is miscible with water in the presence of a regulator and of a per-compound or an azo compound which donates free radicals at the polymerization temperature, and the use of these formulations for pigmenting and/or delustring dressing agents for leather and leather imitations.

Abstract: A textile material for articles of clothing and the like comprises a support of fabric or leather, having applied to one of the surfaces thereof a composition of cholesteric liquid crystals, the color of which varies on varying the temperature or the visual angle under which the surface is observed.

Abstract: A reconstituted leather product and a method of manufacturing this reconstituted leather product is disclosed in which leather (preferably scrap leather) is ground or shredded into a fibrous state. The fibrous leather is mixed with a binder, such as natural rubber dissolved in an evaporatable solvent (e.g., naphtha), so as to form a paste-like mix. The mix is then extruded (or otherwise formed) into sheets or webs and is cured so as to drive off excess solvent. A reinforcing mesh web may be adhered to the back face of the sheet or may be sandwiched between layers of the fibrous leather and binder. The cured reconstituted leather may be finished to have any desired surface finish or color in a manner similar to real leather. The resulting reconstituted leather closely resembles real leather in feel, color, finish, odor, strength, flexibility, and appearance, but is of much lower cost.