Abstract: Leather or a synthetic leather substitute is finished by applying a bottoming based on an aqueous acrylic resin dispersion, drying the coating and then applying a season containing an aqueous styrene/acrylate dispersion, by a process wherein the dispersion used in the bottoming procedure comprises one or more copolymers (a) which contain, as copolymerized units, from 30 to 85% by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, from 1 to 8% by weight of a carboxyl-containing monomer and from 7 to 65% by weight of one or more monomers, which are copolymerizable with the above monomers, from the group comprising acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and styrene, the percentages being based on the copolymer, and a copolymer (b) which contains, as copolymerized units, from 50 to 90% by weight of vinylidene chloride, from 10 to 50% by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: A wristwatch strap of leather or the like has a continuous non-porous barrier layer on the surfaces of the strap that contact the wrist of the wearer. The barrier layer consists of metal particles such as aluminum, noble metal or silver, having a particle size of 150 to 500 microns, preferably 200 to 350 microns, embedded in a matrix which consists of a synthetic resin. The barrier layer is effective to prevent the transfer of allergens and irritants from the material of the wristwatch strap, to the skin of the wearer.

Abstract: A process for treating wool containing materials to prevent or reduce felting shrinkage comprises applying to the material in two separate steps a first polymer which is (A) a dialkyl polysiloxane diol containing aminoalkyl groups, or (B) a poly(alkylene oxide) polythiol, and a second polymer which is (A) a dialkyl polysiloxanediol containing aminoalkyl groups or (C) a polyamide, the second polymer being different from the first polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to aqueous dispersions having a solid content of at least about 10% by weight of polymers containing from about 0.1 to 6% by weight of incorporated sulphonate groups, characterized in that cations of at least divalent metals, silver or monovalent copper are present in the dispersions as counterions to the chemically-incorporated sulphonate anions to at least about 80 equivalent percent, based on the total quantity of the cations present.Another object of this invention is a process for the production of such aqueous dispersions which is characterized in that aqueous dispersions having a solid content of at least about 10% by weight, of polymers containing from about 0.1 to 6% of incorporated sulphonate groups, in which alkali metal cations or monovalent ammonium cations are present as counterons, are treated with a cation exchanger which is charged with cations of the above-mentioned type.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for insolubilizing casein coatings for leather utilizing alkoxy alkyl ureas. The coatings are cured in the presence of an acid catalyst. The casein coatings of the invention avoid the disadvantageous use of aldehydes such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde to cure the casein and reduce its water sensitivity and unexpectedly show improved wet abrasion resistance.

Abstract: Mixtures of (1) reaction products obtained from (a) epoxides, for example polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A, (b) primary amines having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and (c) polymerized fatty acids, for example dimerized or trimerized linoleic acids and linolenic acids, and optionally (d) difunctional compounds, for example epichlorohydrin, acrylic acid or acrylonitrile, and (2) aminoplast precondensates, for example methylolated and lower alkyl-etherified melamine or urea, are useful as leather finishes and are preferably employed in the form of organic-aqueous emulsions.

Abstract: A silicone resin coating composition which, when applied to a solid substrate, provides a thick abrasion resistant coating thereto, is disclosed herein. The coating composition has a basic pH in the range of from 7.1-7.8 and is prepared by hydrolyzing an alkyltrialkoxysilane or aryltrialkoxysilane in an aqueous colloidal silica dispersion. A thickening agent is added to the resultant hydrolysis product.

Abstract: An improved leather grip is disclosed wherein leather strapping for a handle is treated with a tackifier resin, the surface roughened, and a solvent applied to the leather surface. A wax-solvent solution may also be used in treating the leather. The improved hand grip is useful in improving the grip on sporting equipment such as golf clubs and tennis racquets.

Abstract: What are disclosed are methods for treating tanned leather with a dispersion of an acrylate resin comprising certain acrylate and/or methacrylate esters, an hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, an unsaturated polymerizable anionic compound such as an unsaturated carboxylic acid, a crosslinking monomer, and, optionally, acrylamide or methacrylamide, as well as the leathers produced by these methods.

Abstract: A filigreed effect name plate is formed on a belt or other leather product. The belt comprises an outer layer attached to one or more other layers. The name plate area is removed from the outer layer prior to attachment to the other layer or layers leaving an opening formed through the outer layer for receiving precut letters, symbols, or other indicia. The precut indicia are inserted in the opening and their back sides bonded to the layer exposed through the opening. In addition, the top and bottom edges of the indicia are bonded to the top and bottom edges of the opening respectively.

Abstract: Single-package coating or ink composition of pH 7 to 12 comprising a reaction product of a binder resin and a scavenging agent which reacts with anions of the initiator used to prepare the binder resin, the binder resin has a Tg of 20.degree. to 70.degree. C., is prepared in an aqueous medium devoid of emulsifiers, and is a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated acid of 3 to 10 carbon atoms and an acrylic monomer(s) selected from alkyl acrylates and methacrylates containing 4 to 24 carbon atoms, amount of the acid being 0 to 5 parts per 100 parts of the acrylic monomer(s).

Abstract: Polymers of esters of methacrylic acid having an average chain length of about 6 to about 50 mers are prepared by an anionic polymerization reaction, carried out in the presence of a chain-regulating alcohol and a catalytic amount of an alkoxide anion, in which control of the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymer are achieved by regulating the ratio of the total quantity of alcohol employed to the total monomer charge. These polymers, their hydrolysis products, and their derivatives having condensation-crosslinkable functionality have a wide variety of applications, including use as components in films, coatings, fibers, impregnants, adhesives, printing inks, and binders, and use as modifiers, plasticizers, melt flow improvers, and leveling agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for producing a tanned heavy leather, sometimes called full thickness leather, suitable for use for shoe soles, belts and straps, bags and cases, and saddles, bridles, and harness, wherein, under carefully controlled pH conditions, leather stock is subjected to a multiple-stage tanning process involving a first treatment with an aqueous dispersion or solution of a synthetic polymeric composition made by polymerizing at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and, optionally, one or more polymerizable compounds selected from the group of alkyl esters of acrylic acid, alkyl esters of methacrylic acid and sulfated unsaturated drying oils, followed by a second treatment with a zirconium tanning compound having a 0-45% basicity by the Schorlemmer scale.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions which are suitable for the treatment of leather and have a pH of from 2 to 7 and particle diameters of from 20 to 150 nm of polymers having a T.sub..lambda.max -value below 20.degree. C. ofA from 20 to 70 parts by weight of one or more acyclic conjugated dienes having from 4-9 carbon atoms;B from 10 to 40 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile;C from 1 to 5 parts by weight of allylsulphonic acid and/or methallyl sulphonic acid or water-soluble salts thereof;D less than 20 parts by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid hydroxyalkylesters having from 2-4 carbon atoms in the hydroxyalkyl group; andE 0 to 40 parts by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid alkyl esters having up to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.

Abstract: Advantages in the dressing of leather, especially of split leather, with a synthetic rubber latex are obtained if in the leather dressing, the rubber latex is reacted with from 0.5 to 50% by weight, based on solid rubber, of one or more oxides and/or hydroxides of one or more bivalent metals and the leather is treated with a non-polymerized rubber latex which is produced in a one-stage process up to a monomer conversion of from 70 to 95% by weight, by emulsion polymerization of:(A) from 1 to 10 parts by weight of one or more .alpha.,.beta.-monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids; and(B) from 90 to 99 parts by weight of a mixture of(a) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of butadiene and(b) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of styrene and/or acrylonitrile, wherein the quantity of acrylonitrile in the mixture amounts to a maximum of 50 parts by weight.

Abstract: A medical article having a layered antithrombogenic surface is useful as a polymeric implant. The article comprises a polymeric substrate coated with chitosan to which is appended an antithrombotic agent. A process for rendering the surface of a polymer antithrombogenic is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for producing a tanned heavy leather, sometimes called full thickness leather, suitable for use for shoe soles, belts and straps, bags and cases, and saddles, bridles, and harness, wherein, under carefully controlled pH conditions, leather stock is subjected to a multiple-stage tanning process involving a first treatment with an aqueous dispersion or solution of a synthetic polymeric composition made by polymerizing at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and, optionally, one or more polymerizable compounds selected from the group of alkyl esters of acrylic acid, alkyl esters of methacrylic acid and sulfated unsaturated drying oils, followed by a second treatment with a zirconium tanning compound having a 0-45% basicity by the Schorlemmer scale.

Abstract: The invention relates to a belt or apron for textile machines comprising a layer or lamination of a belt or apron as covered by U.S. Pat. No. 4,061,803 superimposed upon and bonded to a ply of resilient cellular polyurethane felt-like material.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing storage stable, aqueous dispersions of oligourethanes or polyurethanes in admixture with auxiliary agents and additives which are not soluble nor dispersible in water. The oligourethanes or polyurethanes are rendered dispersible in water by incorporating ionic and/or non-ionic hydrophilic groups. In order that the final product remains storage stable, the auxiliary agents or additives are added to the oligourethanes or polyurethanes before they are dispersed in water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to moisture-hardening one-component lacquers having improved shelf life and thermal stability. These lacquers are characterized by high gloss and high flexural strength and are based on reaction products containing free isocyanate groups of relatively high molecular weight polyols having an average functionality of from 2 to 3, polyisocyanates and, optionally, low molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds which are characterized in that the relatively high molecular weight polyol is a mixture of:(a) a hydroxyl polyester having an average molecular weight of from about 500 to 6000,(b) a hydroxyl polyether corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical or a phenyl radical,X represents one of the difunctional radicals --S--, --O--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO-- or --C(R.sub.2 R.sub.3)-- whereR.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Chrome tanned leather scrap is converted into thermal insulation by shredding the tanned leather scrap into leather fibers, without damaging the structural fiber integrity, and case hardening the shredded leather fibers. The shredded leather fibers are case hardened by reducing the moisture content thereof to less than 5% by weight, and preferably less than 2%.

Abstract: Ambient or low-temperature curable aqueous dispersions of (1) an emulsion polymer containing units polymerized from a monomer mixture of (a) from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight of a polymerizable aldehyde, (b) from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (c) up to about 99.25% by weight of at least one copolymerizable mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, with (2) a curing agent selected from the group of dicarboxylic acid bis-hydrazides and bis-hydrazones are disclosed. The dispersions are useful in leather treating compositions, especially in top coat compositions. A process for producing fully finished leather, or leather substitutes is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved cleaning-and washing-pad material, which pad material comprises in combination: a soft natural or synthetic shearling sheet material forming one surface of the pad material and a tough, nylon-mesh material forming the other surface of the pad, the shearling material and the nylon material sewed together about the peripheral edges to form a cavity therein; and a soft, resilient, substantially open-cell, polyurethane or cellulose sponge material loosely inserted within the hollow cavity to provide body and bulk to the pad, whereby the improved cleaning- and washing-pad material presents a soft water-absorbent surface for washing and a tough scrubbing surface for cleaning purposes.

Abstract: Artificial bait comprising a water-insoluble matrix which is permeable by diffusion at a predetermined and controlled rate over a prolonged period of time to an attractant incorporated therein upon immersion in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A radiation-hardenable binder consisting of a reaction product of:(A) 1 gramme equivalent of NCO of a polyisocyanate containing 2 to 3 isocyanate groups per molecule,(B) 0 to 0.7 gramme equivalents of OH of a polyol containing at least 2 OH-groups per molecule, free from organically combined sulphur,(C) 0.01 to 0.7 gramme equivalents of OH of a hydroxyalkyl acrylate containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group characterized in that the reaction product additionally has incorporated therein:(D) 0.01 to 0.3 gramme equivalents of OH of a polyol containing thio or dithio groups or thio and dithio groups, with at least 2 OH-groups per molecule,the sum of the OH gramme equivalents B to D is from 1 to 1.2, and the content of organically combined sulphur, derived from the thio and dithio groups, is from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the binder.

Abstract: A method of protecting keratinous material from attack by insects that feed on keratin and from feeding damage, which comprises treating the material to be protected with compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 in the ortho-position to each other together represent the methylenedioxy radical, and R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, cyano, --C.tbd.CH of --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2.

Abstract: A polyurethane top coating and a porous, polyurethane interposing layer are formed on a release carrier sheet. Split leather hide is bonded onto the porous layer with a compatible adhesive and the release carrier sheet is stripped from the top coat. The resultant laminate has the appearance and other properties of top-grain leather. The interposing porous layer functions as a cushion and prevents uneven deformation of top coat when the laminate is folded or stretched.

Abstract: A polymer suitable for use in affinity chromatography comprising a polymer f an aminimide and a vinyl compound having at least one pendant halo-methyl group and the said polymer wherein an amine ligand which affords sites for binding in affinity chromatography is coupled to the polymer by reaction with a portion of the pendant halo-methyl groups and the remainder of said pendant halo-methyl groups are reacted with an amine containing a pendant hydrophilic group. The invention also comprises a method of coating a substrate with the above polymer and a method of fractionating mixtures by affinity chromatography employing the above polymer as an adsorbent.

Abstract: A hot melt adhesive is disclosed, to be used in gluing guns, and consisting of a polyamide resin obtained by polycondensation of an aliphatic diamine with a fatty acid mixture, said fatty acid mixture consisting of unsaturated fatty acid monomers and polymers with a maximum dimer content of 80% by weight to which are added, in a quantity of not less than 10% by weight of the fatty acid mixture, aliphatic bicarboxylic acids and/or their esters with a polyethylene chain containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms. As an alternative a quantity of not less than 4% by weight of the fatty acid mixture, aromatic bicarboxylic acids and/or their esters, or mixtures of these latter with aliphatic bicarboxylic acids, can be added to the mixture.

Abstract: Laminates comprising at least one reinforcing layer, for example of metal or of fiber-reinforced duroplast resin, bonded to a foamed polyimide layer are disclosed, wherein the particular nature of the polyimide foam imparts high temperature strength properties to the laminates and permits them to be made by methods, also disclosed, employing more extreme conditions of temperature, pressure, and time than are otherwise operable for making conventional laminates.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for manufacturing artificial tanned hides possessing characteristics very similar to those of natural tanned hides. This process comprises the steps of: preparing a colloidal solution of a protein substance of collagenic origin by dissolving untanned flesh and/or slaughterhouse waste in hot water; deeply soaking a synthetic support of good porosity, and of known type, with said solution of collagenic substance, and condensing and cross-linking said collagenic substance on the synthetic support fibres by the simple action of cross-linking agents; and tanning the support thus soaked by using the known tanning processes of natural hide tanning technology.

Abstract: A heat sensitive color forming and heat sensitive electrical conductivity increasing composition comprising a mixture of (A) a basic polymer which reacts with hydrogen halide and is capable of forming a quaternary salt and (B) a halogen-containing polymer capable of forming a conjugated polyene by the elimination of hydrogen halide; and a heat sensitive image recording sheet containing the same.

Abstract: Phenolic novolak resins are produced from acetophenone, particularly by-product acetophenone obtained from the cumene process for manufacturing phenol, by the process of (1) reacting acetophenone with an aldehyde under alkaline conditions, and (2) reacting the product of step (1) with a phenol under acidic conditions. Phenolic resole resins are produced by reacting the product of step (2) with an aldehyde under alkaline conditions. The acetophenone modified phenolic resins are useful as a molding material, a felting or batting binder, a grinding stone binder, a foundry sand binder and an adhesive for timbers.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel quaternary copolymers and their preparation. The quaternary copolymers consist of 70-90 parts ethylene, 0.5-15 parts of an alkyl ester (wherein said alkyl group contains up to 8 carbon atoms) of an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 3-6 carbon atoms or a vinyl ester of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having up to 3 carbon atoms, 0.5-10 parts of an amide of an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 3-6 carbon atoms, and 0.15 parts of a vinyl ether having up to 10 carbon atoms; the sum of the parts totalling 100.

Abstract: A method of producing covering materials of leather for the upholstery and cushions of furniture, wherein the raw material or stock, if desired following evening-out by splitting, while possessing a thickness of at least 3 millimeters is converted by tanning and post-tanning into a loose-fibrous, soft and pliable condition suitable for use.

Abstract: A method of mounting a shed snake skin. The shed snake skin is saturated in water to render it limber and free of folds with at least some foreign particles being removed. The skin is subjected to flowing water to remove the remaining foreign particles. A pool of water is placed on a plastic substrate. The saturated skin is placed on the pool of water, cut longitudinally, flattened on the pool of water and caused to dry to form a unitary structure, with the shed skin adhered to the substrate.

Abstract: A film-forming and thermocurable vinyl alcohol-substituted acrylamide copolymer consisting essentially of(1) 0 to 20 mole% of a unit of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a group selected from the class consisting of alkyl groups with 1 to 7 carbon atoms and aryl groups with 6 to 7 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or 1,(2) 30 to 70 mole% of a unit of the formula ##STR2## wherein n is as defined above, (3) 0 TO 20 MOLE% OF A UNIT OF THE FORMULA ##STR3## wherein R' represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R is as defined above, and(4) 30 to 70 mole% of a unit of the formula ##STR4## wherein R' is as defined above, R" represents a group selected from the class consisting of alkyl groups with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups with 5 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups with 2 to 4 carbon atoms and aryl groups with 6 to 7 carbon atoms, and R"' represents a group selected from the class consisting of a hydrogen atom and the group R",the amount of each unit being based on the total amount in mol

Abstract: A process for finishing leather is provided in which the leather is treated with a preparation containing(1) a reaction product of(a) an epoxide and(b) a dimerized or trimerized fatty acid and(2) an etherified aminoplast precondensate.The treated leather is then dried at 50 to 120.degree. C.

Abstract: An adhesive composition based onI. 100 parts by weight of a block copolymer with at least two polymer blocks (A) and at least one polymer block (B), wherein the polymer blocks (A) comprise non-elastomeric blocks with an average molecular weight of from 2000 to 125,000 derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon substituted by one of the groups consisting of the members monoalkenyl and monoalkylidene and wherein not more than 25% of the original double bonds are hydrogenated, and polymer block (B) is an elastomeric block with an average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000 derived from a conjugated diene, wherein at least 75% of the aliphatic unsaturated bonds are hydrogenated;Ii.

Abstract: Rubber cement compositions which consist of rubbers and multi- (three and more) functional phenol-aldehyde modified bifunctional phenol resins, which are made by first obtaining the bifunctional phenolic resin by condensing 1 mole of bifunctional phenol with 0.5 to 3.0 moles of aldehydes in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, and then co-condensing 0.05 to 2.5 moles of multifunctional (three and more) phenols against 1 mol of the bifunctional phenols in the above-mentioned resin in the presence of an acidic catalyst, said co-condensed resin having a number average molecular weight of 700 - 1900, a resin melting point of 80.degree. - 160.degree. C, being curable and also being soluble in aromatic hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: A radiation curable coating composition for various substrates containing an adduct of acrylic acid and an epoxy resin (which may be modified with an anhydride, such as maleic anhydride), and a reactive acrylate monomer vehicle. The coating composition can be pigmented and can also contain additives commonly used in coatings, such as wetting agents and flow control agents. The coating composition does not require the usual hydrocarbon vehicles that give rise to air pollution problems. Surface gloss of a UV cured film obtained from a pigmented coating composition can be increased by using a photosensitizer combination of 2-chlorothioxanthone and a phenyl ketone, such as benzophenone. Adhesion of a cured coating is improved by replacing the tertiary amine co-sensitizer, at least in part, with dimethylaminoethyl acrylate.

Abstract: Crushed foam coated leather and leather-like materials characterized by excellent foam adherence, are prepared by flowing foamed compounded polymeric latices into contact with a leather or leather-like substrate and partially drying same, followed by compressive crushing of the dried foam, plating or embossing to achieve optimum adhesion, and further heating and curing to develop maximum physical properties.

Abstract: Preparations of reaction products obtained from epoxides, fatty amines and reactions products which contain carboxyl groups are provided.These preparations contain1. reaction products of (a) an epoxide which contains in each molecule at least two epoxide groups, (b) a fatty amine containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms, (c) a reaction product which contains carboxyl groups and is obtained from a trihydric to hexahydric aliphatic alcohol, 1,2-propylene oxide, and an aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid or the anhydrides thereof, and, optionally, (d) a monomeric bifunctional compound which is different from (a) and (c), and2. an aminoplast precondensate which contains alkyl ether groups and which is used in admixture with (1) or as reaction component for obtaining (1) or as mixture and reaction component.The preparations are useful as dressing agents for leather or as textile improving and finishing agents.

Abstract: Low temperature, one-component thermosetting coating compositions comprising a ketoxime-blocked polyisocyanate and an oxazolidine are disclosed. Also disclosed are a process for curing such composition and the cured products.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an oxazolidine and a polyanhydride cure in the presence of moisture to afford polymeric materials. The compositions can be used in forming caulks, films, fibers, paints, seamless flooring, coatings, impregnants and adhesives for both natural and synthetic materials.

Abstract: Brominated phosphoramidates of the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chloro, bromo, and chloro or bromo substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, hydroxy substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and chloro or bromo substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R.sup.4 is independently selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3 and a group of the structure ##STR2## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkylene of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; phenylene, biphenylene and dicyclohexylene; provided that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 contains a bromine atom and at least one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 contains a replaceable hydrogen.The phosphoramidates of the present invention are useful to impart a flame retardant property to combustible materials.

Abstract: Hydrocurable compositions of a hydroxy(polyalkylenecarbonyloxy)alkyleneoxazolidine and a polyfunctional isocyanate are disclosed. The compositions are useful in forming films, paints, coatings, fibers, seamless flooring, coatings, impregnants and adhesives for natural and synthetic materials. The compositions are prepared by treating a hydroxy(polyalkylenecarbonyloxy)alkyleneoxazolidine with a polyfunctional isocyanate or by treating a bisoxazolidine isocyanate prepolymer with a polyfunctional isocyanate.

Abstract: A layer composition, which may be used for making shoes, upholstery or the like, comprising a carrier layer and a cover layer adhering thereto. The cover layer essentially consists of a synthetic resin material which bubbles are imbedded. The shells of the bubbles consists of a thermoplastic synthetic resin material other than the material of the cover layer. Preferably the shell of the bubbles consists of an elastic copolymer of polyvinylidene chloride and/or of a copolymer of polyvinyl chloride. The bubbles are bonded to the material of the cover layer and have hollow cores containing a gas, preferably air. The volume of the hollow cores amounts to at least 25%, preferably 50 to 85%, of the total volume of the cover layer.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of 1 - 300 parts by weight of an olefin-acrylate copolymer, said olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, in 100 parts by weight of water, the dispersion optionally containing a surface active agent in a proportion of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the copolymer, in which dispersion the copolymer forms substantially the dispersed phase and the water forms the continuous phase. Said dispersion can be used in paints, fiber-treating agents, paper-treating agents, leather-treating agents and adhesives, and forms a film having excellent resistance to alkali, water, weathering and heat. The above copolymer is preferably an alternating copolymer although it may be a random copolymer.

Abstract: Stable solutions of diisocyanate polyaddition products in a solvent mixture containing: a) inert organic solvents, b) primary and/or secondary alcohols and c) semiacetals of formaldehyde and the process of preparing such solutions. Methods of dressing leather with said solutions are also disclosed.