Abstract: An absorption material is produced by applying directly to a support in the presence of liquid an absorbent which is at least partially water-softened, and drying to remove the liquid so as to leave the absorbent directly on the support. The support may be fibrous or particulate like sawdust or it may be a textile sheet or paper. The absorbent may be an acrylic based polymer. Because the absorbent directly contacts the support the product has increased absorptive capacity and is stronger, making it especially useful as a diaper, tampon, sanitary napkin, surgical dressing, battery separator and/or filter for cigarette smoke or for liquids.

Abstract: A water-absorbing laminate comprising a water-absorbing film and a non-woven fabric, in which the water-absorbing film is formed by film-forming a mixture of (A) a water-soluble polymer containing, as the monomer component, at least 40 mole % of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated compound containing one or two carboxyl groups or groups from which a carboxyl group can be easily derived and in which 5% to 50% of the carboxyl groups and/or groups from which a carboxyl group can be easily derived are in the form of a salt, and (B) polyvinyl alcohol in a weight ratio of (A)/(B) of not less than 1/99 to less than 1/9. This water-absorbing can be produced by laminating the water-absorbing film on the non-woven fabric under pressure either in a hydrous and heat-softened state of the film or through an adhesive and, optionally, heat-treating the resultant laminate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibers and fibrous compositions flame resistant when contacted with a hot molten material, that involves the application thereto of a flame retardant composition incorporating a water-insoluble, non-phosphorous, solid, particulate mixture of brominated organic compound and a metal oxide or a metal oxide and metal hydrate.

Abstract: A transparency for ink jet printing comprised of a supporting substrate and thereover a coating consisting essentially of a blend of carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyethylene oxides. Also disclosed are papers for use in ink jet printing comprised of a plain paper substrate and a coating thereover consisting essentially of polyethylene oxides.

Abstract: An electrical laminate comprising a plurality of fibrous cellulosic substrate layers and alternately interposed layers of cured epoxy or unsaturated polyester resin between the adjacent substrate layers, wherein each of the substrate layers is embedded in a matrix of said cured resin which is substantially integral with said layers of cured resin, and consists essentially of cellulosic fibers having thereon a coating of methylol group-containing resin such as aminoplast resins. The laminate may be unclad or cladded with a metal foil.

Abstract: An aqueous adhesive possessing sufficient adhesion, tack, open time, thermal stability, biological stability, dimensional stability, flexibility and adhesion contains in an aqueous base a polyvinyl alcohol and lignin sulfonate, wherein there are about 1 to 8 parts of the lignin sulfonate per each part of the polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A conducting polymer film has an insulating polymer film as a base, and a conducting aromatic polymer compound is contained by electrochemical polymerization in at least part of the insulating polymer film.

Abstract: A multiple layered laminated tape has a permeable layer on its face. The permeable layer provides a suitable surface for printing or marking. The permeable layer is laminated to an upper strength layer made of a film of pre-stretched polypropylene or the like. The upper strength layer is laminated to a weak carrier layer of low bond Kraft paper. The carrier layer has a layer of water soluble adhesive which is used to secure the tape to a cardboard carton or the like. The water soluble adhesive is also suitable for sticking to the permeable layer face of the tape so that the tape may be stuck to itself. Labels, stamps or the like having a water soluble adhesive may also be glued to the face of the tape.

Abstract: Paper coating compositions contain at least one pigment, at least one binder, and, as an insolubilizer for the binder, the product of the reaction of a low molecular weight polyacrylamide with glyoxal and a urea or a cyclic urea.

Abstract: Fluorochemical copolymers, useful as wet-end papermaking additives which impart oil and water repellency and food stain resistance to ovenable paperboard under food cooking conditions, and as a treatment for imparting oil and water repellency to textile fibers. The fluorochemical copolymers are derived (by weight) from about 60 to 80% fluorochemical acrylate, 1 to 30% alkyl or alkoxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, 2 to 15% glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate, 1 to 6% of certain cationic acrylates or methacrylates, and 0 to 20% vinylidene chloride.

Abstract: Contact adhesive dispersions contain(A) an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer A which has a glass transition temperature below 0.degree. C. and consists of(a) from 50 to 99% by weight of esters of acrylic acid with non-tertiary alkanols,(b) from 0 to 50% by weight of esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid and/or vinyl esters and/or (meth)acrylonitrile and/or styrene and/or tert.-butyl acrylate,(c) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or their amides which are unsubstituted or substituted at the nitrogen atoms by alkyl and/or alkylol radicals, and/or hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates, and(d) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of carbonyl-containing monomers and(B) from 0.05 to 2 moles of a water-soluble dihydrazine compound per mole of carbonyl groups present in the copolymer A.

Abstract: Fluorochemical copolymers, useful as wet-end papermaking additives which impart oil and water repellency and food stain resistance to ovenable paperboard under food cooking conditions, and as a treatment for imparting oil and water repellency to textile fibers. The fluorochemical copolymers are derived (by weight) from about 60 to 80% fluorochemical acrylate, 1 to 30% halogenated alkyl or alkoxyalkyl acrylate, 1 to 15% glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate, 1 to 6% of certain cationic acrylates or methacrylates, and 0 to 20% vinylidene chloride.

Abstract: A method for reducing the surface tack of EPDM and related elastomers is provided. The method involves coating the surfaces of the elastomer with particulate cellulose. Sheets of cellulose coated elastomer can be subjected to rolling up and curing operations without encountering surface sticking problems. In addition, the cellulose coated surfaces of the elastomer can be bonded together for the purpose of forming splices or seams without the necessity for first removing the cellulose coating.

Abstract: Described herein are disposable articles made from a water soluble polymer or a substrate made from such polymer, a surface of said article or substrate coated with a degradable water-insoluble polymer.

Abstract: An insulating panel which comprises at least one layer of polystyrene covered on at least one side by a layer of cellulose. Preferably, the cellulose is intermixed with an adhesive and sprayed onto the polystyrene and the adhesive, and upon curing, bonds the cellulose together and to the polystyrene layer; or, alternatively, the cellulose material is molded into a pad or panel which is subsequently bonded to the polystyrene layer. The exposed side of the cellulose layer is in turn covered with a vinyl or other decorative coating to form the insulating panel. The overall insulating panel exhibits a very high R value and thus has a very low coefficient of thermal conductivity.

Abstract: An absorbent apron for use beneath an infant high chair or the like comprising a liquid impervious sheet and a liquid absorbent non-woven layer of bonded fibrous material firmly joined throughout their interface.The liquid impervious sheet is preferably a thin flexible film of polyethylene. The fibrous layer is composed of cellulosic or similar fibers of varying length thoroughly bonded together into a highly absorbent layer between 1/16th and 1/8 of an inch in thickness. The impervious sheet and the absorbent layer are joined together throughout their interface by spaced beads or lines of adhesive or by the polyethylene film being extruded directly onto the layer of bonded fibrous material.The apron is approximately five feet square so that when placed beneath a higher chair, it will receive and retain all of the food and liquids dropped or spilled by the infant in the high chair. Being inexpensive and flexible, the apron can be readily wadded up and disposed of after use.

Abstract: An absorbent composition comprising the reaction product at elevated temperature and pressure of hydrolyzed starch polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer and a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol in the amount of between about 3% and 20%. The resulting composition exhibits good fluid absorbency and fast wicking properties and is particularly useful in producing absorbent laminated film for use in diapers, paper towels and the like. The present invention also relates to an improved absorbent laminated film prepared with the above absorbent composition and a method for preparing such absorbent laminated film.

Abstract: A metallized, laminated substrate well adapted for the production of printed circuits is comprised of:(A) an electrically insulating support element which comprises (a) a central core member comprising a major proportion by weight of a cellulosic or mica filler and a minor proportion by weight of a thermosetting resin, and (b) and (b') a pair of skin laminae coextensively secured to each face surface, respectively, of said central core (a) each of said skin laminae comprising a fibrous glass, asbestos or heat-stable synthetic polymer reinforcing filler, and a thermosetting resin impregnant, which thermosetting resin may either be the same as or different from the thermosetting resin comprising said central core member (a); and(B) an electrically conducting metal foil (c) coextensively adhered to the exposed face surface of one or the other of said skin laminae (b) or (b').

Abstract: This invention relates to a substrate for optical disc recording media which contains a UV-curable resin film between a transparent film and a thermally-decomposing high molecular film, the UV-curable resin film being formed with a UV-curable resin composition comprising given quantities of:(a) a polybutadiene having acrylic or methacrylic group at one or both ends of the molecule,(b) a hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate,(c) an acrylic- or methacrylic-group-containing diluent, and(d) a photo-polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A composite polymeric film and a method for its use in forming and installing a very thin (<10 .mu.m) polymeric film are disclosed. The composite film consists of a thin film layer and a backing layer. The backing layer is soluble in a solvent in which the thin film layer is not soluble. In accordance with the method, the composite film is installed in a device in the same position in which it is sought to finally emplace the thin film. The backing layer is then selectively dissolved in the solvent to leave the insoluble thin film layer as an unbacked film. The method permits a very thin film to be successfully installed in devices where the fragility of the film would preclude handling and installation by conventional methods.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibers and fibrous compositions flame resistant when contacted with a hot molten material, that involves the application thereto of a flame retardant composition incorporating a water-insoluble, non-phosphorous, solid, particulate mixture of brominated organic compound and a metal oxide or a metal oxide and metal hydrate.

Abstract: An extruded AES film in which the AES contains 15-30% rubber having a thickness of 1 to 10 mils, and a laminate of such film to another material, such as a metallic or cellulosic base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to release coatings which comprise cellulosic esters or cellulosic ethers in combination with adhesion-promoting compounds having an affinity for vinyl chloride-containing compositions. The release coatings maintain their adherence characteristics during processing of the structure in which they are disposed, but substantially lose their adherence characteristics when said structure is fused, thereby becoming easily separable from the resulting product.

Abstract: A coating composition, comprising an aqueous dispersion of a pigment such as clay and a binder such as a latex of a copolymer of styrene and butadiene thickened with a water-soluble copolymer of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid, an ethylenically unsaturated carboxamide such as acrylamide and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having limited solubility in water such as acrylonitrile, is effectively employed in coating paper and other cellulosic web materials.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a multi-layer electrically conductive web for safely and quickly discharging personnel-accumulated static electricity, and suitable as an upholstery material. The web comprises an upper continuous polymeric layer of relatively low conductivity, in the order of 10.sup.8 ohms per square, bonded to an underlying continuous polymeric layer of much greater conductivity, in the order of 10.sup.2 ohms per square, and provision is made for electrically grounding the underlying layer, illustratively by casting to the intermediate layer a continuous bottom layer of expanded polymeric material of relatively low conductivity. In the preferred embodiment, a fabric base is laminated to the bottom layer of the web.

Abstract: An absorbent composition comprising the reaction product at elevated temperature and pressure of hydrolyzed starch polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer and a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol in the amount of between about 3% and 20%. The resulting composition exhibits good fluid absorbency and fast wicking properties and is particularly useful in producing absorbent laminated film for use in diapers, paper towels and the like. The present invention also relates to an improved absorbent laminated film prepared with the above absorbent composition and a method for preparing such absorbent laminated film.

Abstract: An aqueous paper-coating composition which essentially comprises a finely divided pigment and an emulsion copolymer of(a) from 30 to 80% by weight of C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates or mixtures of C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and di-(C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkyl) maleates,(b) from 8 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid,(c) from 0 to 50% by weight of vinyl propionate, vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and/or vinyl .alpha.-branched C.sub.10 -monocarboxylate,(d) from 0 to 5% by weight of acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and/or acrylonitrile and(e) from 0 to 3% by weight of crosslinking monomers in the form of an aqueous dispersion, as the sole binder and thickener.

Abstract: A foldable structure (2) and a method of manufacturing a foldable structure which, when folded produces a curved edge or corner. The structure comprises two panel members (32,34) having a respective edge region (18,20) which are adjacent and are spaced apart. Each edge region has a shoulder (8,10) and a curved portion (12,14). A flexible elongated bridging piece (22) is located between the shoulders (8,10) and defines a foldable region. A flexible lamina (24) covers a respective face of the panel members (32,34) and the flexible bridging piece (22).

Abstract: A biocompatible surgical device comprises at least at its surface a hydrophilic thermoplastic graft copolymer which is an ethylenic carboxylic acid, selected from acrylic acid and alkyl substituted acrylic acids graft copolymerized onto a base polymer. The base polymer is preferably selected from polyolefins, especially polyethylene and polypropylene, partially and fully fluorinated polyolefins, especially polytetrafluoroethylene and polyetherurethanes.Graft copolymerization of the monomers to the base polymer is initiated preferably by ionizing radiations, especially gamma radiation. The reaction takes place preferably in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a homopolymerization inhibitor such as ferrous sulphate or potassium ferricyanide.The base polymer may be graft copolymerized throughout its entire thickness or to a known depth in one or more of its surfaces. The former material exhibits high elastic properties while the latter exhibits a low elasticity and low moduli.

Abstract: Described herein are disposable articles made from a water soluble polymer or a substrate made from such polymer, a surface of said article or substrate coated with a degradable water-insoluble polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to bowling lanes in which at least part of the lane approach surface and at least part of the lane surface proper is of a suitable decorative laminate panel, the foul line configuration being molded or incorporated in said laminate.

Abstract: A laminated structure suitable for use for the interior decorating of buildings and for motor vehicle upholstery comprising at least one decorative layer of organic material, which is combined, by hot pressing, with a support consisting of a polyolefin sheet, in which the polyolefin sheet comprises from 10 to 90% by weight of cellulose fibres and from 90 to 10% by weight of a polyolefin which is modified by polar monomeric units derived from at least one monomer chosen from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids, the corresponding anhydrides and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets comprise a combination of two timing layers and two neutralizing layers for use with negative-working silver halide emulsions and positive-working redox dye-releasers. The outermost timing layer has a negative temperature coefficient while the innermost timing layer has either a positive or negative temperature coefficient and has a penetration time by alkaline processing composition that is greater than the penetration time of the outermost timing layer. An auxiliary neutralizing layer is located between the two timing layers. Dye release is restricted more at low temperatures than at high temperatures so that the temperature latitude of the system is thereby increased.

Abstract: Photographic assemblages, elements, receiving elements and cover sheets are described employing a neutralizing layer comprising about 75 to about 150 meq. of acid/m.sup.2 of element for neutralizing an alkaline processing composition. The neutralizing layer, timing layer or layer adjacent thereto also contains about 1 to about 10 meq./m.sup.2 of oxalic acid, or an acid salt thereof, to minimize sensitometric changes that occur with keeping.

Abstract: A toilet seat cover is provided in the form of a blank consisting of at least one layer having a central opening, said layer being formed of a non-porous flexible foil such as of polyvinyl alcohol which foil is soluble in an aqueous medium, the foil being provided on one side with fibres such as of textile waste which fibres are bonded to the foil but freely exposed over part of their length. An endless chain of such covers is also provided.

Abstract: A multiple layered laminated tape has an upper strength layer made of a film of pre-stretched polypropylene or the like which is laminated to a very weak lower carrier layer of relatively thin low internal bond Kraft paper. The carrier layer has a coating of a water soluble adhesive which is used to apply the tape to separable portions of a cardboard carton or the like. The carrier layer serves only as a medium to "carry" the water soluble adhesive and also to provide sufficient longitudinal rigidity to permit dispensing of the tape from a standard Kraft paper type tape dispensing machine. Stripping the tape from a carton pulls away the upper plastic layer and may split the Kraft carrier layer that has low internal bond, leaving only so thin a layer of Kraft on the carton that it can very easily be broken to permit opening of the carton.

Abstract: Fibrous material is provided comprising cellulose fibers and mineral wool fibers in a weight ratio within the range from about 3:7 to about 10:1, impregnated with an amount of a water-soluble polyoxyalkylene ether alcohol sufficient to impart dimensional stability thereto and having the formula:R.sub.1 [--O--(C.sub.n.sbsb.1 H.sub.2n.sbsb.1 --O).sub.x --C.sub.n.sbsb.2 H.sub.2n.sbsb.2 --OH].sub.mwherein:R.sub.1 is hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon substituted with secondary hydroxyl groups and free from primary hydroxyl groups and having from one to about twenty-four carbon atoms;m is a number within the range from 1 to about 6;n.sub.1 is a number within the range from about 2 to about 4;n.sub.2 is a number within the range from 3 to 4; and--C.sub.n.sbsb.2 H.sub.2n.sbsb.

Abstract: An absorbent material is prepared by treating a substrate with an aqueous monomer dispersion of an acrylate salt and a cross-linking monomer and thereafter irradiating the treated substrate with high energy ionizing radiation to form a cage matrix of the polymer and monomer substrate. The absorbent material can be swelled with a solution containing a volatile additive to dispense said additive over a period of time.

Abstract: An electrical laminate comprising layers of a polyester resin-impregnated fibrous cellulosic substrate is disclosed. The substrate is preimpregnated with a nitrogen-containing composition having (a) an N-methylol or N-lower alkoxymethyl group attached to said nitrogen atom, and (b) an unsaturated group capable of copolymerizing with a cross-linking monomer present in the polyester resin.

Abstract: Coated formed materials of plastics or glass having improved anti-scratching and anti-fogging properties, are produced by applying to the surface of the formed material an undercoating material comprising (a) a mixture of methylolmelamine in which all or a part of the methylol groups are alkyletherified, and a polyhydric alcohol having a molecular weight of 1,500 or less which may contain an ethylene oxide or propylene oxide chain, or a pre-condensate thereof, (b) a mixture of a monomer having a unit of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Composites are disclosed of discontinuous cellulose fibers mixed with a methylol phenolic modified polyolefin and a bonding agent. Treated fibers are also disclosed, which are treated to reduce fiber-to-fiber interaction so as to facilitate mixing into composites.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation curable coating which provides superior abrasion and chemical resistance and excellent adhesion properties. The coating is produced by radiation curing. A first monomer selected from the group consisting of triacrylates and tetracrylate mixed with a second monomer having an N-vinyl imido group, preferably an N-vinyl lactam, such as vinyl pyrrolidone or vinyl caprolactam. The monomer mixture is substantially oligomer-free and if the radiation is ultraviolet light, a photoinitiator, preferably p-phenoxydichloro acetophenone or dimethoxyphenyl acetophenone, is included in the mixture.

Abstract: A water-impermeable sheet material capable of preventing formation of water drops thereon, has one or two water-impermeable layers, at least one of which layers holds, on the surface thereof, a water drop-preventing agent in the form of fine solid particles and consisting of at least one hydrophilic but water-insoluble substance, at least a portion of the water drop-preventing agent being exposed to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for improving the flame-retardant properties of cellulose containing fibrous materials in the absence of halogen compounds which comprises treating said fibrous materials with an effective amount of a colloidal aqueous dispersion of an alkali metal polyantimonate containing a mole ratio of alkali metal to antimony in the dispersion of at least about 0.3:1, and drying said materials is described.

Abstract: Oligomer solution, process of increasing the water-miscibility of the oligomer solution, one- and two-part coating solutions containing the oligomer solution, and substrates coated with the coating solution, said oligomer solution being miscible with at least 12 wt % of water, based on non-volatile ingredients, and consisting essentially of:(a) about 50 to about 94 wt % of an oligomer having a degree of polymerization (DP) of about 10 to about 50, for example, an oligomer of vinyl acetate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and a C.sub.1-8 alkyl acrylate;(b) 0 to about 30 wt % of a polyalkylene ether glycol having a molecular weight of about 400 to about 1300; and(c) 0 to about 20 wt % of a water-miscible solvent,with the sum of the weight percentages being 100%.

Abstract: A corrugated material suitable for packaging applications is disclosed, in which a sheet of very flexible material having a high resistance to tearing and stretching is bonded to the flutes of a sheet of single faced corrugated board, resulting in a structure which is rollable in the direction of the flexible substrate, and which is substantially rigid when a force is applied to roll it towards the facing of the single faced corrugated board.

Abstract: A toilet seat cover is provided in the form of a blank consisting of at least one layer having a central opening, said layer being formed of a non-porous flexible foil such as of polyvinyl alcohol which foil is soluble in an aqueous medium, the foil being provided on one side with fibres such as of textile waste which fibres are bonded to the foil but freely exposed over part of their length. An endless chain of such covers is also provided.

Abstract: A packaging material for photosensitive materials comprising a laminate of two or more high-density polyethylene films incorporating carbon black, the films being uniaxially stretched at a draw ratio in the range of from about 2.2 to 4.2 and the stretching axis of one film forming an angle of from about 45 to 90 degrees with those of the film(s) nearest it.

Abstract: Disclosed are primer compositions for enhancing the adhesion of hot-melt adhesives to substrates comprising a copolyester of at least 50 mole percent terephthalic acid, about 10-90 mole percent 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol, and a solvating amount of a volatile solvent, the copolyester having an I.V. of about 0.3-1.5 dl/g and a melting point of about 100.degree.-200.degree. C.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to polymer membranes to be used in electrochemical cells and improved processes for producing the same. The membranes are produced by radiation grafting techniques. The improved process includes the grafting of a hydrophilic monomer, such as methacrylic acid in a chlorinated organic solvent onto an inert base film such as polyethylene. The process also includes but is not limited to the use of inhibitors to limit homopolymerization of a grafting material, as well as emulsifying agents to lower the electrolytic resistance of the finished membrane.