Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a calcium fluoride crystal in which the light transparency does not deteriorate with consecutive irradiation by high output short wavelength light over long time periods. A calcium fluoride crystal in accordance with the present invention has an internal transmittance of 70% or more for light of 135-nm wavelength or over. A calcium fluoride crystal contains any one of strontium, aluminum, silicon and magnesium, with the strontium content ranging from 1 ppm to 600 ppm, the aluminum content ranging from 1 ppm to 50 ppm, the silicon content ranging from 1 ppm to 50 ppm, or the magnesium content ranging from 1 ppm to 10 ppm. A calcium fluoride crystal has an internal transmittance of 70% or more for light of 135-nm wavelength or over and contains 1 ppm or less of La and 10 ppm or less of Y. An optical system for an excimer laser in accordance with the present invention comprises a lens comprising any calcium fluoride crystal set forth above.

Abstract: Magnetic disks comprising a substrate and glass materials which are used in the manufacture of hard disc substrates. The glasses can have the following compositions (in per cent by weight on an oxide basis): SiO2 10-30, Al2O3 0-5, B2O3 0-8, Li2O 0-8, Na2O 1-10, with Li2O+Na2O 5-10, K2O 0-3, MgO 5-16, CaO 0-15, with MgO+CaO>15-25, SrO+BaO 0-8, ZrO2 0-8, TiO2 7-25, La2O3 0-10, Nb2O5 5-20, V2O5 0-10, CeO2 0-1, As2O3+Sb2O3+F 0.1-1. These glasses can have high dimensional stability as a result of their high specific modulus of elasticity, to be especially suited for hard disk substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a joining, brazing or soldering material wherein solderability is effectively improved without using a flux, and a production method thereof. In production of a joining material, a halogen compound is mixed, a film is formed on the surface of a solder molding or the surface of a solder molding is halogenated. In production of a joining material, a halogen compound is added to a solder melt, a film of a halogen compound is formed on the surface of a processed joining material, or the surface layer of the processed joining material is converted to a halogen compound layer by halogenation. Film formation or surface treatment may be carried out either a dry or wet method.

Abstract: A high density optical disc having an optical disc protective structure for enabling a high density information recording and retrieval optical disc. The optical disc includes: a first protective film coated by a few tens of microns, on the reading surface of the optical disc, the first protective film having good transmissivity and high hardness against abrasion; and a second protective film coated by a few microns and having a lower surface energy and a minute molecular structure, providing protection against fingerprints on the surface of the first protective film.

Abstract: A ceramic material is surface treated by contacting the surface of a 312 ternary ceramic material with a surface-modifying compound selected from carburization agents, silicidation agents, nitridation agents and boronization agents, at an elevated temperature of at least about 600.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to provide a surface reaction layer of at least about one micron in thickness in the surface-treated material, preferably having a surface hardness in excess of about 6 GPa. A product made by the method of this invention is also disclosed having a surface hardness in excess of about 6 GPa, preferably at least about 10 GPa.

Abstract: A method of treating a semiconductor substrate, which comprises the steps of subjecting a surface of the semiconductor substrate to an annealing treatment, performing an etching treatment of the surface of the semiconductor substrate under a condition where the semiconductor substrate is substantially prevented from being etched and a precipitate exposed from the surface of the semiconductor substrate is selectively etched away, and forming a monocrystalline film of a semiconductor material constituting the semiconductor substrate on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A polymer composite comprises a polymer matrix having, dispersed therein, layers of an inorganic material derived from a multilayered inorganic material such as clay intercalated with an inorganic intercalant. The multilayered inorganic material may also be intercalated with an organic material.

Abstract: An optical article comprising a flexible plastic substrate having an index of refraction ranging from 1.55 to 1.71 and having first and second surfaces and an anti-reflection coating carried by the first surface. The anti-reflection coating consists of a high index material and a low index material in which the high index material has an index of refraction of 2.0 and greater to provide the index of refraction difference between the substrate and the high index material of 0.29 to 0.75. The low index material is formed of a material having an index of refraction of 1.38 or less to provide an index of refraction difference between the high index material to the low index material ranging from approximately 0.59 to 0.92.

Abstract: By providing a normally deposited layer as a buffer layer between a substrate and an obliquely deposited layer, it is possible to prevent contaminants on the substrate from diffusing into the obliquely deposited layer. Also, by providing a normally deposited layer as a passivation layer on the uppermost obliquely deposited layer, absorption of water vapor in the air by the obliquely deposited layer is prevented. Further, by forming a laminated object comprising obliquely deposited layers and dense normally deposited layers, strength of each obliquely deposited layer itself is increased and relaxation of its columnar structure can be suppressed with certainty because both the diffusion of contaminants from the substrate and the absorption of water in the air is prevented. Thus, by removing factors to accelerate the relaxation of columnar structure in the obliquely deposited layer, clouding of the obliquely deposited film layer can be prevented.

Abstract: A first information recording medium (shown in Fig. 1(a)) has an electrode layer (13), and an information recording layer (11) provided on the electrode layer by coating a mixed solution of a liquid crystal, a multifunctional ultraviolet curing resin material whose parameter, which is expressed by the average molecular weight divided by the average functional group, is not larger than 160, and a fluorocarbon surface-active agent, and then curing the coating by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, thereby forming an ultraviolet curing resin skin layer having no liquid crystal phase on the outer surface of the information recording layer. A second information recording medium (shown in Fig. 1(b)) further has a patterned electrode layer (13') provided on the information recording layer (11) of the first information recording medium. A third information recording medium (shown in FIG.

Abstract: There is provided a fluorocarbon compound-hydrogen storage alloy composite which has a sufficient water-repellent property and can efficiently absorb a hydrogen gas. The composite comprises hydrogen storage alloy particles which have a plated metal film covering at least a part of the particles, the plated metal film containing at least one fine particle of a fluorocarbon compound. Examples of the metal used for plating include Ni, Cu, Co, Ni-P, Ni-W, Ni-W-P, Ni-B, Ni-W-B, Cu-Ni, Cu-P, Co-P, Co-B, and Co-W. Polytetrafluoroethylene is preferably used for the fluorocarbon compound. The fluorocarbon compound hydrogen storage alloy composite is prepared by electrolytically plating the hydrogen storage alloy particles in a pyrophosphate bath with fine particles of a fluorocarbon compound dispersed therein.

Abstract: An abrasion-proof and static-erasing coating is formed on the contact surface of a contact image sensor. The coating comprises a first film having a high hardness and a low conductivity, a second film formed on the first film and having a low hardness and a high conductivity, and a third film having a high hardness and a high resistivity providing an abrasion-proof insulating external surface.

Abstract: A self lubricating, friction and wear reducing composite material useful over a wide temperature range of from cryogenic temperature up to about 900.degree. C. contains 60-80 wt. % of particulate Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, dispersed in a metal binder of a metal alloy containing Cr and at least 50 wt. % of Ni, Cr or a mixture of Ni and Cr. It also contains 5-20 wt. % of a fluoride of at least one Group I, Group II, or rare earth metal and, optionally, 5-20 wt. % of a low temperature lubricant metal. Such as Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Rh and Cu. This composite exhibits less oxidation instability and less abrasiveness than composites containing chromium carbide, is readily applied using plasma spray and can be ground and polished with a silicon carbide abrasive.

Abstract: An improved method for the fluorination of a diamond surfaces comprises condensing a layer of perfluorinated alkyl iodides consisting of C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 I (where n is a positive integer from 1 to 13) on the diamond surface, producing perfluorinated alkyl free radicals by photodecomposing C--I bonds of said perfluorinated alkyl iodides on the diamond surface, reacting the diamond surface with photochemically produced perfluorinated alkyl radicals thereby anchoring photochemically induced photofragments of the perfluorinated alkyl iodides to the diamond surface forming a perfluorinated alkyl layer, and decomposing the perfluorinated alkyl layer on the diamond surface to cause the fluorination of the diamond surface by atomic F. The method achieves greater than one fluorine atom per surface carbon atom chemisorbed on the diamond using C.sub.4 F.sub.9 I. A fluorinated diamond made by the above method is also disclosed wherein a fluorinating perfluoroalkyl iodide, C.sub.n F.sub.

Abstract: A window glass comprising a substrate made of glass, which is optionally covered, at least in part, by one or more layers and a hydrophobic-oleophobic, abrasion-resistant coating comprising an essentially mineral sublayer and a hydrophobic-oleophobic layer, wherein the density of the sublayer is equal to at least 80% of that of its constituent material.

Abstract: A method for cleaning solder bumps on a substrate that may be employed in a flip-chip design, for example, is described. The method of cleaning includes placing the substrate having the solder bumps into a plasma reactor, introducing a source gas including nitrogen trifluoride gas into the plasma reactor, striking a plasma from the source gas in the plasma reactor, and forming a fluoride compound on the surface of the solder bump.

Abstract: An amorphous upconversion phosphor comprising barium fluoride a combination of rare-earth fluorides including yttrium and lanthanum and dopants, and a waveguide thereof on a substrate selected to have a refractive index lower than a thin film of the phosphor material or any other substrate with an appropriate buffer layer of lower refractive index that the film wherein infrared radiation and visible light are converted to ultraviolet and visible light. The amorphous upconversion phosphor is deposited at temperatures low enough to permit integration into semiconductor materials.

Abstract: In order to fabricate an organic electroluminescent device with good thermal stability and such high durability that its light emission efficiency is retained over a predetermined level for a long time, an anode is formed on a substrate, one or more organic-inorganic compound layers are formed on the anode, and a cathode is formed on the organic compound layers, sequentially. At least one of the organic compound layers comprises a mixed thin film composed of an organic compound dispersed uniformly in an inorganic compound, or a superlattice structure made of an organic compound and an inorganic compound for preventing the thermal degradation of a fluorescent organic compound constituting an emission layer.

Abstract: Corrosion of an aluminum article exposed to corrosive halogen-containing species within semiconductor processing apparatus is avoided by fabricating the aluminum article from a high purity aluminum-magnesium alloy having a magnesium content of about 0.1% to 1.5% by weight, either throughout the entire article or at least in the surface region which is to be rendered corrosion-resistant, and a mobile impurity atom content of less than 0.2% by weight. Upon exposure of the article to a halogen-containing species, a protective magnesium halide layer is formed beneath the surface of the article. The protective layer prevents halogens from penetrating to the base aluminum, thereby protecting the article from corrosion and cracking. To protect the magnesium layer from abrasion, the article preferably also includes a hard, cohesive coating over the magnesium halide layer. A preferred cohesive coating is aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride.

Abstract: An erosion resistant coating for optically transmissive substrates formed from a diamond-like nanocomposite structure which contains interpenetrating networks of a diamond-like carbon matrix stabilized by hydrogen, a silicone glass-like network stabilized by oxygen, and optionally, at least one network formed from elements and compounds from groups 1-7b and 8 of the periodic table.

Abstract: A process for the codeposition of a composite metallic coating comprising finely divided particulate matter dispersed within metallic matrixes and having a gradient in particle density distribution along the coating thickness. The established gradient ranges from a region of high density of particles to a region of lower density of particles along the coating thickness. The established gradient is affected by the deliberate change(s) in plating parameter(s) during the plating cycle.

Abstract: A first information recording medium has an electrode layer, and an information recording layer provided on the electrode layer, a multifunctional ultraviolet curing resin material and a fluorocarbon surface-active agent, and then curing the coating. A second information recording medium further has a patterned electrode layer provided on the information recording layer. A third information recording medium has an electrode layer, a photoconductive layer, an information recording layer including a liquid crystal phase and a resin phase, a resin layer, and an electrode layer, wherein at least one of the electrode layers is transparent. A fourth information recording medium further has an insulating layer provided between the photoconductive layer and the information recording layer in the third information recording medium. A fifth information recording medium has an information recording layer provided on an electrode layer.

Abstract: A hard and durable single-layer or multilayer artireflection coating for use with a high refractive-index IR transparent substrate is provided. The coating is prepared by concurrent deposition of TiO.sub.2 and MgF.sub.2 with the reactive ion-assistance on the IR transparent substrate within a single vacuum chamber. The refractive-index of this film is adjustable by varying the relative deposition rate of the two materials (i.e. controlling the ratio of the materials) to optimize the transmittance of the incident IR irradiation. The opitical thickness of each film of the single-layer and multilayer antireflection coatings is one-quarter wavelength of the IR irradiation.

Abstract: A first information recording medium has an electrode layer, and an information recording layer, a multifunctional ultraviolet curing resin material and a fluorocarbon surface-active agent, and ultraviolet curing resin skin layer having no liquid crystal phase on the outer surface of the information recording layer. A second information recording medium has a patterned electrode layer. A third information recording medium has an electrode layer, a photoconductive layer, an information recording layer including a liquid crystal phase and a resin phase, a resin layer, and an electrode layer, wherein at least one of the electrode layers is transparent. A fourth information recording medium further has an insulating layer provided between the photoconductive layer and the information recording layer in the third information recording medium. A fifth information recording medium has an information recording layer provided on an electrode layer.

Abstract: An enhanced protective coating to prevent interaction between constituents of the environment and devices that can be damaged by those constituents. This coating is provided by applying a synergistic combination of diffusion barrier and physical barrier materials. These materials can be, for example, in the form of a plurality of layers of a diffusion barrier and a physical barrier, with these barrier layers being alternated. Further protection in certain instances is provided by including at least one layer of a getter material to actually react with one or more of the deleterious constituents. The coating is illustrated by using alternating layers of an organic coating (such as Parylene-C.TM.) as the diffusion barrier, and a metal coating (such as aluminum) as the physical barrier. For best results there needs to be more than one of at least one of the constituent layers.

Abstract: An inorganic thin film EL device comprises, on an insulating substrate 1, a back electrode 2, an insulating layer 3, a light emission layer 4, an insulating layer 3, and a transparent electrode 5 formed on the substrate 1 in this order. The emission layer comprises lanthanum fluoride and at least one member selected from the group consisting of rare earth element metals and compounds thereof. The rare earth element is, for example, cerium, praseodymium, neodium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and mixture thereof. The compounds maybe those compounds of the rare earth elements and fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and oxygen. The rare earth element is preferably present in the emission layer in an amount of from 5 to 90 wt %.

Abstract: A gas barrier laminated material comprising a substrate, and an inorganic compound thin-film layer and a protective layer which are laminated in this order, wherein the protective layer is a layer formed by coating on the inorganic compound thin-film layer a coating composition containing a metal alkoxide or a hydrolyzate thereof and an isocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups, followed by heat drying, or a layer formed by coating on the inorganic compound thin-film layer a water-based coating composition containing a water-soluble polymer and at least one of (a) a metal alkoxide or a hydrolyzate thereof and (b) a tin chloride, followed by heat drying.

Abstract: The present invention provides a graphite layer material to be used as an electrode material which exhibits excellent cell characteristics when used for a secondary cell. The graphite layer material of the present invention comprises highly oriented graphite layers of which a direction of crystalline orientation is adjusted to a planar direction, and an intercalant being inserted between the graphite layers.

Abstract: In a conductive antireflection film having predetermined optical characteristics, of the layers of the conductive antireflection film, two layers located on the transparent substrate side are replaced with a three-layered film having a metal oxide film as an intermediate layer thereof. In this three-layered film when k.sub.i =4n.sub.i d.sub.i .lambda..sub.0 (where n.sub.i is the refractive index of the ith layer, di is the geometric thickness of the ith layer, and .lambda..sub.0 is a middle wavelength in design), the metal oxide film as the second layer satisfies k.sub.2 .gtoreq.0.01, and an ITO film as the first layer satisfies k.sub.1 .gtoreq.0.1.

Abstract: An anisotropic nanophase composite material and a method of producing same. The composite material comprises a nanophase composite structure containing a multiplicity of particulates of at least one material. The particulates of one material are spaced from each other three-dimensionally and anisotropically oriented in a given direction. The particulates have an average thickness of 1 to 10 nanometers and an average length of not less than 10 nanometers, the length being larger than the thickness. Since the particulates of dimensions on the order of nanometers are oriented only in a given direction, the composite material produces an intensified nonlinear optical effect and is excellent in polarizing characteristics, birefringent characteristics, or photovoltaic characteristics.

Abstract: In one form of the invention, a method is disclosed for fabricating a semiconductor-on-insulator structure comprising the steps of: forming an insulator layer 22; forming a layer 24 comprising boron (B) on the insulator layer 22; and forming a semiconductor layer 26 on the layer 24 comprising B.

Abstract: Organosilicon treatment of TiO.sub.2 particles coated with alumina or alumina-silica having a fluoride compound or fluoride ions associated with them is disclosed to improve properties such as photostability and humidity resistance when incorporated in powder coatings and/or plastics.

Abstract: A metal plated carbon material containing at least one metal chloride compound disposed between graphite layers to form a graphite intercalation compound, and a metal plated layer being formed on a front surface of the metal plated carbon material. A method of producing the metal plated carbon material comprising the steps of immersing a graphite intercalation compound in an electroless plating solution for 6 to 30 hours, and forming a metal plated layer on a surface of the graphite intercalation compound with an excellent adherence thereto.

Abstract: An inorganic thin film EL device comprises, on an insulating substrate 1, a back electrode 2, an insulating layer 3, a light emission layer 4, an insulating layer 3, and a transparent electrode 5 formed on the substrate 1 in this order. The emission layer comprises a fluoride of an alkaline earth metal and at least one member selected from the group consisting of rare earth element metals and compounds thereof at a mixing ratio by weight of 10:90 to 95:5. The rare earth element is, for example, cerium, praseodymium, neodium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and mixture thereof. The compounds may be those compounds of the rare earth elements and fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and oxygen.

Abstract: A halftone phase shift photomask designed so that it is possible to shorten the photoengraving process, use a production line for a conventional photomask, prevent lowering of the contract between the transparent and semitransparent regions at a long wavelength in the visible region, which is used for inspection and measurement, and also prevent charge-up during electron beam exposure, and that ordinary physical cleaning process can be used for the halftone phase shift photomask. The halftone phase shift photomask has on a transparent substrate (1) a region which is semitransparent to exposure light and a region which is transparent to the exposure light so that the phase difference between light passing through the transparent region and light passing through the semitransparent region is substantially .pi. radians. A semitransparent film that constitutes the semitransparent region is arranged in the form of a multilayer film including layers (3, 4) of chromium or a chromium compound.

Abstract: In a conductive antireflection film having predetermined optical characteristics, of the layers of the conductive antireflection film, two layers located on the transparent substrate side are replaced with a three-layered film having a metal oxide film as an intermediate layer thereof. In this three-layered film, when k.sub.i =4n.sub.i d.sub.i /.lambda..sub.0 (where n.sub.i is the refractive index of the ith layer, di is the geometric thickness of the ith layer, and .lambda..sub.0 is a middle wavelength in design), the metal oxide film as the second layer satisfies k.sub.2 .gtoreq.0.01, and an ITO film as the first layer satisfies k.sub.1 .gtoreq.0.1.

Abstract: A highly oriented thin film of specific barium fluoride materials deposited at low temperatures are useful as Upconversion waveguides.

Abstract: A two-step process for the coating of magnesium and its alloys is disclosed. The first step comprises immersing the magnesium workpiece in an aqueous solution comprising about 0.2 to 5 molar ammonium fluoride having a pH of about 5 to 8 and a temperature of about 40.degree. to 100.degree. C. The second step is an electrochemical treatment of the pretreated article in an aqueous electrolytic solution having a pH of at least about 12.5 and which solution comprises about 2 to 12 g/L of a aqueous soluble hydroxide, about 2 to 15 g/L of a fluoride-containing composition selected from the group consisting of fluorides and fluorosilicates, and about 5 to 30 g/L of a silicate. This process results in a superior coating which has increased abrasion and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process for producing a fluorinated silicon nitride film on a substrate is disclosed. The process utilizes a mixture of silane, perfluorosilane and nitrogen to produce films of high conformality and stability. The silane and perfluorosilane in the mixture are in a ratio of 0.05 to 1 on a volume basis. The preferred silane is SiH.sub.4 and the preferred perfluorosilane is SiF.sub.4. Films prepared by the process are disclosed and their properties are described.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aluminum nitride sintered body which has a high thermal conductivity and a high strength and which can be manufactured through low-temperature, short-time sintering. This aluminum nitride sintered body has an average grain size of aluminum nitride grains of 2 .mu.m or less, a thermal conductivity of 80 W/m.K or more, and a relative density of 98% or more.

Abstract: Articles and methods for forming optically variable thin film flakes and replicated coatings having preselected optical properties. The articles generally comprise a flexible web of material and an optically variable thin film coating formed on one surface of the web. The optically variable coating is separated from the web to form optically variable thin film flakes. The flakes are disposed in ink and paint vehicles to provide optically variable inks, paints and the like.

Abstract: A composition of matter having an atomic density between that of pure diamond and at least 0.18 g-atoms per cubic centimeter and the formula:C.sub.1-z-w Si.sub.z A.sub.w [H.sub.1-x F.sub.x ].sub.ywhere: 0.ltoreq.z+w.ltoreq.0.15, 0.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.05, 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.10, 0<y<1.5, and, A is boron or oxygen. Variation of the constituents and the parameters of production of the compositions in self-biasing RF cavities, or primary or secondary ion beam methods, allows formation of films of, for example, desired hardness, lubricity, density, electrical conductivity, permeability, adhesion and stress. Variation of the properties allows production of films formed by the composition as a function of depth.

Abstract: A two-step process for the coating of magnesium and its alloys is disclosed. The first step comprises immersing the magnesium workpiece in a first electrochemical solution comprising about 3 to 10 wt-% of a hydroxide and about 5 to 30 wt-% of a fluoride having a pH of at least about 12. By controlling a current density to about 10 to 200 mA/cm.sup.2, an increasing voltage differential is established between an anode comprising the pretreated article and a cathode also in contact with the electrolytic solution. Next, the article is immersed in an aqueous electrolytic solution having a pH of at least about 11 and which solution is prepared from components comprising a water soluble hydroxide, a fluoride source and a water soluble silicate in amounts to result in an addition of about 2 to 15 g of a hydroxide per liter of solution, about 2 to 14 g of a fluoride per liter of solution and about 5 to 40 g of a silicate per liter of solution. Again, by controlling the current density to about 5 to 100 mA/cm.sup.

Abstract: The invention is accomplished by providing an iodide ion absorbing method and article. The article is a composite article comprising a surfactant, an iodide absorbing medium, and a polymer that is permeable to iodide ion overlaying the iodide absorbing medium. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the polymer is an ionic polymer and the surfactant is an ionic surfactant with a charge opposite to that of the polymer. The surfactant can be incorporated in the absorbing medium, in the polymer, or it can overlay the polymer. In a preferred form of the invention, a substrate is coated with the iodide absorbing medium, a layer of an ionic polymer is overlaid on the absorbing medium, and a layer incorporating an ionic surfactant is overlaid onto the polymer. The ionic surfactant also may be placed in a layer between the polymer and the absorbing medium. A preferred absorbing medium is silver bromide.

Abstract: A final rinse for a phosphatized metal surface includes a phosphoric acid solution including aluminum chlorohydrate. The aluminum chlorohydrate solution is applied at a concentration of about 100 to about 1500 ppm at a pH of 3 to about 4.5. The pH is obtained by controlling the concentration of the phosphoric acid. This is preferably used to coat previously phosphatized metal surfaces such as iron, steel, aluminum and galvanize.

Abstract: A superconducting fiber bundle includes carrier material formed by fibers of carbon, silicon carbide, steel, boron or glass. The fibers have a superconducting coating formed of a superconducting, non-metallic, inorganic material. The coating of the fibers is carried out from the liquid phase or the gas phase.

Abstract: An etching and fluorinating treatment is disclosed for modifying the surface properties of magnetic data storage media and sliders for magnetic data transducing heads. Media enclosed within a plasma chamber is first exposed to an argon plasma for cleaning, then exposed to a plasma mixture including argon with either fluorine or carbon tetrafluoride, maintained at a pressure of approximately half of atmospheric pressure, at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. An electrical field is generated for forming argon, carbon and fluorine ions. The argon ions etch the carbon overcoat of the disc, while the carbon and fluorine ions combine with the carbon to form extended chain fluoropolymers, and also penetrate the carbon layer. Sliders are treated in a plasma mixture of argon and CF.sub.4. During such treatment, carbon and fluorine ions penetrate exposed surface areas of the slider, and form a reaction product of solid lubricant film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a magnetic recording medium comprising a surface treatment layer provided on the surface of a magnetic coating film by use of a novel surface treatment agent capable of bonding to both magnetic particles and a binder in the magnetic coating film, and a process for producing the magnetic recording medium.It is possible to realize, with good productivity, a magnetic recording medium having excellent wear resistance and high reliability.

Abstract: There is provided a conductive film and a method for preparing same. The conductive film is prepared by forming a prime-coating layer of a three-dimensional network structure on a base and by applying a semiconductive compound-containing solution onto the prime-coating layer to form a conductive layer. The conductive film is excellent in conductivity and transparency as well as adhesion of the conductive layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium having a magnetic layer comprising a vinyl chloride copolymer as a binder and a magnetic powder and formed on a non-magnetic support. The vinyl chloride copolymer contains a hydroxyl group and a quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the hydroxyl group is derived from a monoallyl or monomethallyl ether of a polyhydroxyl compound, or a monoallyl or monomethallyl thioether of a polyhydroxyl compound. The vinyl chloride copolymer may further contain a hydrophilic group derived from at least one monomer which is selected from carboxylic acids, sulfur-containing acids, phosphorus-containing acids and salts thereof.