Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetoelectric (ME) composite including both a piezoelectric material and a magnetostrictive material, wherein a piezoelectric single crystal material having high piezoelectric properties is used as the piezoelectric material, and a metal magnetostrictive material having high magnetostrictive properties is used as the magnetostrictive material, thus achieving an ME composite having a layered structure via adhesion. When the ME layered composite is manufactured such that a <011> crystal orientation of the piezoelectric single crystal material is set to a thickness direction, high ME voltage coefficient, which is at least doubled, compared to a conventional <001> crystal orientation, can be obtained, and such an effect is further maximized in the resonance of the composite.

Abstract: In a removing step, a phase-separated release solution including a first phase containing a first solvent capable of dissolving a release layer and a second phase containing a second solvent having a property of separating from the first solvent is prepared, and a patterned magnetic recording medium is dipped in the first phase together with a release layer, mask layer, and resist layer remaining on a magnetic recording layer, thereby removing the release layer. After that, the patterned magnetic recording medium is moved to the second phase, and separated from the first phase containing the release layer and the layers remaining on the release layer.

Abstract: There are provided a fine structural body capable of manifesting an unprecedented property; a manufacturing method thereof; and a magnetic memory, a charge storage memory and an optical information recording medium employing such fine structural body. Unlike conventional bulk bodies phase-transited between nonmagnetic semiconductors and paramagnetic metals around about 460K, there can be provided a fine structural body 1 comprised of Ti3O5, but capable of manifesting an unprecedented property in which a paramagnetic metal property thereof is consistently maintained in all temperature ranges without undergoing phase transition to a nonmagnetic semiconductor.

Abstract: Provided is a data recording medium having improved data recording/storage characteristics and with an improved structure to have a higher data storage capacity, and a method of recording and/or easing data using the same. The data recording medium may include a Cu electrode layer on a substrate, and a data recording layer formed of a compound including a metal and at least one non-metal selected from the group consisting of S, Se, and Te, on the Cu electrode layer. Data is recordable to or erasable from the data recording layer by changing the resistance of the data recording layer by diffusing Cu ions from the Cu electrode layer to the data recording layer or by erasing Cu ions from the data recording layer by diffusing Cu ions from the data recording layer back to the Cu electrode layer, according to a voltage pulse applied to the data recording layer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a magnetic recording layer and a thermally active material adjacent to and/or embedded in the magnetic recording layer, wherein the thermally active material has a thermal property that changes when the temperature of the thermally active material changes, or undergoes a phase transition in a predetermined temperature range, to reduce a peak temperature or increase a thermal gradient of a heated portion of the magnetic recording layer.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for forming a high quality master pattern for patterned media, including features to support servo patterns, is disclosed. Block copolymer self-assembly is used to facilitate the formation of a track pattern with narrower tracks. E-beam lithography forms a chemical contrast pattern of concentric rings, where the spacing of the rings is equal to an integral multiple of the target track pitch. The rings include regions within each servo sector header where the rings are offset radially by a fraction of a track pitch. Self-assembly is performed to form a new ring pattern at the target track pitch on top of the chemical contrast pattern, including the radial offsets in the servo sector headers. When this pattern is transferred to disks via nanoimprinting and etching, it creates tracks separated by nonmagnetic grooves, with the grooves and tracks including the radial offset regions.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a patterned magnetic storage medium is disclosed herein. The magnetic storage medium includes a magnetic domain, a substantially non-magnetic region laterally adjacent to the magnetic domain, and an exchange spring structure disposed between the magnetic domain and the laterally adjacent non-magnetic region wherein the exchange spring structure comprises implanted ions.

Abstract: A surface agent includes two end portions and a middle portion disposed between the end portions. The end portions include an anchor group or a truncation group. The anchor group includes at least one surface active functional group. The midsection includes at least one perfluoroalkyl-branched perfluorinated ether unit.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus are disclosed for forming a lubricant film for magnetic recording applications. The method includes, in certain embodiments, providing at least one substantially solvent free lubricant having a plurality of lubricant molecules with each lubricant molecule comprising a polymer chain having a backbone section and at least one functional end group. The method also includes treating the at least one substantially solvent free lubricant with a physical treatment to cross-link the backbone section of each polymer chain with at least one other molecule to create a cross-linked lubricant.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic media having an extremely thin lubricant layer on a magnetic media. The thin lubricant layer decreases magnetic spacing to maximize magnetic performance of the magnetic data recording system. The lubricant layer is formed by first depositing a lubricant that includes two different lubricant materials, one bonded and the other non-bonded. After lubricant deposition a burnishing process can be performed, with the lubricant being thick enough for effective burnishing. Then, the disk is exposed to a solvent vapor, which removes most of the lubricant leaving only a very thin layer of the bonded lubricant material.

Abstract: Tolerances for manufacturing reader structures for transducer heads continue to grow smaller and storage density in corresponding storage media increases. Reader stop layers may be utilized during manufacturing of reader structures to protect various layers of the reader structure from recession and/or scratches while processing other non-protected layers of the reader structure. For example, the stop layer may have a very low polish rate during mechanical or chemical-mechanical polishing. Surrounding areas may be significantly polished while a structure protected by a stop layer with a very low polish rate is substantially unaffected. The stop layer may then be removed via etching, for example, after the mechanical or chemical-mechanical polishing is completed.

Abstract: A magnetic media disk has a substrate; a recording magnetic media on the substrate; and an overcoat on the recording magnetic media, the overcoat comprising a Si-based layer on the recording magnetic media, and a Ti-based layer on the Si-based layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a patterned medium includes forming an implantation depth-adjusting layer above a magnetic recording layer, the magnetic recording layer being made of a material that is deactivated when implanted with a chemical species, and the implantation depth-adjusting layer being made of a material that is etched when irradiated with an ion beam of the chemical species and irradiating the implantation depth-adjusting layer with the ion beam to implant the chemical species into a part of the magnetic recording layer through the implantation depth-adjusting layer while etching the implantation depth-adjusting layer by an action of the ion beam to decrease a thickness of the implantation depth-adjusting layer.

Abstract: A planarization process may planarize a media disk that has data trenches between data features and larger servo trenches between servo features. A filler material layer is deposited on the media disk and provides step coverage of the trenches. The filler material has data recesses over the data trenches and servo recesses over the servo trenches that must be removed to produce a planar media surface. A first planarization process is used to remove the data recesses and a second planarization process is used to remove the servo recesses.

Abstract: According to at least one embodiment, a metal peelable layer and a mask layer are formed on a magnetic recording layer, then, a projections pattern is formed on the mask layer, the projections pattern is transferred to the metal peelable layer and the magnetic recording layer in this order, and then the metal peelable layer is dissolved and removed by a solvent. The metal peelable layer is constituted of any of aluminum and an aluminum compound. An alkali solution is used as the solvent.

Abstract: A method for producing a magnetic recording medium having a magnetically partitioned magnetic recording pattern on a surface of a nonmagnetic substrate, which comprises the following steps. Step (A) of forming a magnetic layer on a non-magnetic substrate, step (B) of forming a carbon layer on the magnetic layer, step (C) of forming a resist layer on the carbon layer, step (D) of forming a negative pattern of magnetic recording pattern on the resist layer, step (E) of removing the portions of resist layer and carbon layer in regions corresponding to the negative pattern, step (F) of removing at least a surface layer portion of the magnetic layer in the regions corresponding to the negative pattern, and optional step (G) of removing the residual resist layer and carbon layer. The produced magnetic recording medium has a recording/reproducing property equal to or better than conventional ones and exhibits a high recording density.

Abstract: A device for mass storage of information, the device comprising: a substrate (30); an electrically-conductive tip (10) for atomic force microscopy located above the surface (31) of said substrate (30) in electrical contact therewith; and a voltage generator (41) for applying a potential difference between said tip (10) and said substrate (30); the device being characterized in that: said substrate (30) has a surface (31) of a material presenting electrical conductivity that is both electronic and ionic in nature; and in that said generator (41) is adapted to apply a potential difference that is sufficient to induce a redox reaction of said material that modifies the surface electrical conductivity of the substrate (30). The use of such a device (1) for mass storage of information.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a magnetic paste that generally includes a magnetic component and a liquid organic component. The magnetic component includes a plurality of discrete nanoparticles, a plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies, or both. Magnetic devices can be formed from the magnetic paste. Methods of making and using the magnetic paste are also described.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein provides methods for manufacturing an electronic lapping guide and a magnetic read head assembly. The magnetoresistive head assembly includes a sensing element that has a front edge and a front flux guide that has a back edge, such that the sensing element front edge and the front flux guide back edge share a common interface that defines an interface plane normal to the surface of a wafer substrate. The electronic lapping guide comprises a conductive material adapted to attach to two electrical leads for measuring a resistance through the conductive material. The conductive material may include a conductive material back edge aligned with the interface plane. The resistance of the conductive material may be inversely proportional to a conductive material length normal to the interface plane.

Abstract: A magnetic stack includes multiple granular layers, at least one of the multiple granular layers is a magnetic layer that includes exchange coupled magnetic grains separated by a segregant having Ms greater than 100 emu/cc. Each of the multiple granular layers have anisotropic thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (1), lubricant containing the compound and magnetic disk C6H4—(O—Z—R—X)2??(1) wherein Z is —CH2CH2O— or —CH2CH(OH)CH2O—, R is —CH2CF2CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)nCF2CF2CF2CH2—, n is a real number of 0 to 20, X is —OH, —O(CH2)mOH, —OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH, —OCH2CH(OH)CH2O—C6H5 or —OCH2CH(OH)CH2O—C6H4—OCH3, m is an integer of 1 to 6.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic graphene includes at least one antidot such that the ferromagnetic graphene has ferromagnetic characteristics. A spin valve device includes a ferromagnetic graphene. The ferromagnetic graphene includes a first region, a second region, and a third region. At least one antidot is formed in each of the first region and the third region. The first region and the third region are ferromagnetic regions, whereas the second region is a non-ferromagnetic region.

Abstract: There is provided a perpendicular magnetic recording medium according to which both the thermal stability of the magnetization is good and writing with a magnetic head is easy, and moreover the SNR is improved. In the case of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprising a nonmagnetic substrate 1, and at least a nonmagnetic underlayer 2, a magnetic recording layer 3 and a protective layer 4 formed in this order on the nonmagnetic substrate 1, the magnetic recording layer 3 comprises a low Ku region 31 layer having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku value) of not more than 1×105 erg/cm3, and a high Ku region 32 layer having a Ku value of at least 1×106 erg/cm3. Moreover, the magnetic recording layer 3 is made to have therein nonmagnetic grain boundaries that contain a nonmagnetic oxide and magnetically isolate crystal grains, which are made of a ferromagnetic metal, from one another.

Abstract: A surface agent includes two end portions and a middle portion disposed between the end portions. The end portions include a terminal section and a midsection. The terminal section includes at least one surface active functional group. The midsection includes at least one perfluoroethyl ether unit. The middle portion includes at least one perfluorobutyl ether unit.

Abstract: A magnetic tunnel junction cell having a free layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer, and a barrier layer therebetween. The free layer has a central ferromagnetic portion and a stabilizing portion radially proximate the central ferromagnetic portion. The construction can be used for both in-plane magnetic memory cells where the magnetization orientation of the magnetic layer is in the stack film plane and out-of-plane magnetic memory cells where the magnetization orientation of the magnetic layer is out of the stack film plane, e.g., perpendicular to the stack plane.

Abstract: A magnetic media for heat assisted magnetic data recording. The magnetic media includes a thermal insulation layer structure formed near the substrate of the media provide more efficient heating of the write layer by allowing less heat dissipation to the substrate. The thermal insulation layer structure can be one or more layers of an oxide such as SiO2 and one or more layers of a material such as NiTa. Increasing the number of oxide layers and NiTa layers increases the thermal insulation of the thermal insulation layer structure thereby further increasing the efficiency of the heat assisted writing.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to magnetic recording powder, which comprises hexagonal ferrite magnetic particles, the hexagonal ferrite magnetic particle comprising 0.5 to 5.0 atomic percent of an Fe substitution element in the form of just a divalent element per 100 atomic percent of a content of Fe and having an activation volume ranging from 1,200 to 1,800 nm3.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprises a substrate; a heatsink layer comprising a layer of crystallized CuTi; and a hard magnetic recording layer. The crystallized CuTi is applied in an amorphous state and then crystallized through heating. The use of this heatsink improves surface and underlayer roughness compared to previous heatsink designs.

Abstract: Compositions including one or more a central cores having a cyclic group, and a plurality of arms extending from the central cores, wherein the arms comprise perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) or its derivatives. Methods of preparing the compositions are also provided. Methods of preparing storage media that incorporate the compositions therein are further provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, a magnetic recording layer formed on the substrate and containing a magnetic material, and a protective layer. The magnetic recording layer includes a recording portion having patterns regularly arranged in the longitudinal direction, and a non-recording portion having saturation magnetization lower than that in the recording portion. The non-recording portion contains the magnetic material, a deactivating species which makes the value of saturation magnetization smaller than that of saturation magnetization in the recording portion, and the component of the protective layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic sensor that minimizes topography resulting from stripe height defining masking and patterning in order to facilitate definition of track width. The method includes depositing a series of mask layers and then masking and ion milling the series of sensor layers to define a back edge of a sensor. A non-magnetic fill layer is then deposited, the magnetic fill layer being constructed of a material that has an ion mill rate that is similar to that of the series of sensor layers. A second masking and milling process is then performed to define the track width of the sensor and hard bias is deposited. Because the non-magnetic fill layer is removed at substantially the same rate as the sensor material the structure has a very flat topography on which to form the sensor track width.

Abstract: Compositions for use in lubricating thin film storage media are provided, as well as storage media formed using the compositions, the compositions including one or more central cores having a cyclic group, and a plurality of arms extending from the central cores, wherein each arm comprises phenol or piperonyl. Methods of preparing the compositions are also provided. Methods of preparing storage media that incorporate the compositions therein are further provided.

Abstract: A magneto-resistive effect (MR) element includes first and second magnetic layers in which a relative angle formed by magnetization directions changes in response to an external magnetic field, and a spacer layer positioned between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. The first magnetic layer is positioned closer to a substrate above which the MR element is formed than the second magnetic layer. The spacer layer includes a copper layer, a metal intermediate layer and a main spacer layer composed of gallium oxide as a primary component. The copper layer and the metal intermediate layer are positioned between the main spacer layer and the first magnetic layer. The metal intermediate layer is positioned between the copper layer and the main spacer layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a perpendicular magnetic recording medium including a nonmagnetic substrate, and at least a soft magnetic layer (SUL), an alignment control layer, a magnetic recording layer and a protective layer formed on the nonmagnetic substrate; wherein the magnetic recording layer is constituted of three or more layers and includes a first magnetic recording layer, a second magnetic recording layer and a third magnetic recording layer from the substrate side, and also includes an exchange coupling reduction layer for reducing exchange coupling of both layers between the second magnetic recording layer and the third magnetic recording layer and, regarding magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy Ku of each magnetic recording layer, the first magnetic recording layer has 4×106 erg/cc or higher, the second magnetic recording layer has 2×106 erg/cc or lower and the third magnetic recording layer has 1×106 erg/cc or lower.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, a plurality of foundation layers, and a magnetic layer. The plurality of foundation layers are provided on the substrate and include a first layer containing MnO. The magnetic layer is provided on the plurality of layers and includes an alloy as a main ingredient. The alloy has an L10 structure.

Abstract: A method of bonding a conductive material to stainless steel includes: a first step of applying a conductive paste to a surface of a base plate made of the stainless steel; and a second step of removing, in an area located within the surface of the base plate and covered with the conductive paste, a part of a passivation film on a surface of the stainless steel without allowing a base material of the stainless steel of the base plate to come into contact with air. The removing of the passivation film is achieved, for example, by irradiation of laser light.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic disk is provided. The disk includes, on a base and in the order from bottom, a first granular magnetic layer group including a plurality of magnetic layers each having a granular structure, a non-magnetic layer having Ru or a Ru alloy as a main component, a second granular magnetic layer group including a plurality of magnetic layers each having the granular structure, and an auxiliary recording layer having a CoCrPtRu alloy as a main component. Layers closer to a front surface among the plurality of magnetic layers included in the first granular magnetic layer group having an equal or smaller content of Pt. Layers closer to the front surface among the plurality of magnetic layers included in the second granular magnetic layer group having an equal or smaller content of Pt and having an equal or larger content of an oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a read only magnetic information carrier (1b, 1c, 1d) comprising a substrate (2), an information layer (3) and a stabilizing layer (15a, 15b). The information layer (3) comprises a pattern of magnetic bits (4) of magnetic material wherein the pattern of magnetic bits (4) constitutes an array of bit locations. The presence or absence of the magnetic material at a bit location represents a value of the bit location by a magnetic field (5) having a predetermined magnetization direction (6). The stabilizing layer (15a, 15b) is arranged between the substrate (2) and the information layer (3) and comprises hard magnetic material (8, 9) which is magnetically coupled to the magnetic material of the magnetic bit (4). The magnetically coupled hard magnetic material (8, 9) provides the predetermined magnetization direction (6) of the magnetic field (5).

Abstract: A magnetic film or layer includes a non-hexagonal close pack (non-hcp) structure.

Abstract: A magnetic disk is provided which is excellent in durability of the magnetic disk or particularly in LUL durability and CFT characteristics and has high reliability under a decreased floating amount of the magnetic head accompanying the recent rapid increase in a recording density and extremely severe environmental resistance accompanying diversification of the applications. The magnetic disk of the present invention is a magnetic disk having at least a magnetic layer, a carbon protective layer, and a lubrication layer sequentially provided on a substrate, and the lubrication layer is a film formed by a lubricant that contains two types of compounds having a perfluoropolyether main chain in the structure, a molecular weight distribution of the two types in total being within a range of 1 to 1.

Abstract: Techniques for attaining high performance magnetic memory devices are provided. In one aspect, a magnetic memory device comprising one or more free magnetic layers is provided. The one or more free magnetic layers comprise a low magnetization material adapted to have a saturation magnetization of less than or equal to about 600 electromagnetic units per cubic centimeter. The device may be configured such that a ratio of mean switching field associated with an array of non-interacting magnetic memory devices and a standard deviation of the switching field is greater than or equal to about 20. The magnetic memory device may comprise a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) device. A method of producing a magnetic memory device is also provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, and a magnetic recording layer formed on the substrate. The magnetic recording layer includes recording portions having patterns regularly arranged in an longitudinal direction and containing cobalt and platinum, and non recording portions formed between the recording portions and containing boron and at least one light rare earth metal selected from the group consisting of yttrium, lanthanum, and cerium.

Abstract: A recording medium having a substrate, a first soft magnetic underlayer, a second soft magnetic underlayer and a perpendicular magnetic recording layer without a spacer layer between the first and second soft magnetic underlayers is disclosed.

Abstract: [Problem] To make a film thinner while keeping a function as an auxiliary recording layer, and improve an SNR and an overwrite characteristic. [Solution] A typical structure of a perpendicular magnetic disk according to the present invention includes, on a base, a granular magnetic layer 160 and an auxiliary recording layer 180 disposed on the granular magnetic layer 160. The granular magnetic layer 160 has a granular structure in which a grain boundary part is formed with segregation of a non-magnetic substance having an oxide as a main component around magnetic particles having a CoCrPt alloy a main component growing in a columnar shape. The auxiliary recording layer 180 has a CoCrPtRu alloy as a main component, and has a film thickness of 1.5 nm to 4.0 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spin torque oscillator that can realize stable oscillation and has high reliability. A laminated structure including a first magnetic layer 1 having a bcc crystal structure and having in-plane magnetic anisotropy and a second magnetic layer 2 having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy laminated on the first magnetic layer 1 and including a multilayer film of Co and Ni is used.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a composite soft underlayer and a perpendicular magnetic recording layer overlying the composite soft underlayer. The composite soft underlayer may include a growth template layer, a negative magnetic anisotropy layer overlying the growth template layer, and a magnetically soft layer overlying the negative magnetic anisotropy layer. In some embodiments, the negative magnetic anisotropy layer includes a plurality of grains, and substantially all the grains have negative magnetic anisotropy along an axis substantially perpendicular to a major plane of the composite soft underlayer.

Abstract: The conventional free layer in a CPP GMR or TMR read head has been replaced by a tri-layer laminate comprising Co rich CoFe, moderately Fe rich NiFe, and heavily Fe rich NiFe. The result is an improved device that has a higher MR ratio than prior art devices, while still maintaining free layer softness and acceptable magnetostriction. A process for manufacturing the device is described.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium includes forming protruded magnetic patterns on a substrate, depositing a nonmagnetic material in recesses between the magnetic patterns and on the magnetic patterns, and etching back the nonmagnetic material using an oxygen-containing etching gas while reforming a surface of the nonmagnetic material.

Abstract: A metallic magnetic powder where a primary particle of each metallic magnetic particle is a powder without forming an aggregate, and a method of making the same that includes manufacturing a metallic magnetic powder constituted of metallic magnetic particles, containing a metallic magnetic phase, with Fe, or Fe and Co as main components, rare earth elements , or yttrium and one or more non-magnetic components removing the non-magnetic component from the metallic magnetic with a reducing agent, while making a complexing agent exist for forming a complex with the non-magnetic component in water; oxidizing the metallic magnetic particle with the non-magnetic component removed; substituting water adhered to the oxidized metallic magnetic particle with an organic solvent; and coating the surface of the metallic magnetic particle with an organic matter different from the organic solvent, while maintaining a wet condition of the metallic magnetic particle with the organic solvent adhered thereto.

Abstract: Magnetic recording disks and associated fabrication methods are described for utilizing polymer structures in planarized magnetic media. A polymer fill material is deposited on the disk and a removal process is performed on the fill material to planarize the disk. In some embodiments, the fill material is deposited subsequent to bonding a lubrication layer to a protective layer on the disk. In other embodiments, the fill material is bonded directly to a protective layer on the disk.