Abstract: An alloy including: about 10 at % to about 30 at % of a Pt-group metal; less than about 23 at % Al; about 0.5 at % to about 2 at % of at least one reactive element selected from Hf, Y, La, Ce and Zr, and combinations thereof; a superalloy substrate constituent selected from the group consisting of Cr, Co, Mo, Ta, Re and combinations thereof; and Ni; wherein the Pt-group metal, Al, the reactive element and the superalloy substrate constituent are present in the alloy in a concentration to the extent that the alloy has a solely ??-Ni3Al phase constitution.

Abstract: A zinc oxide thin film having desired crystallinity is fabricated. The present invention provides a zinc oxide thin film which laminated on a substrate, and which is a crystalline thin film of a wurtzite form. The c-axis of the crystalline thin film is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate. A zinc surface of being one polar surface of the crystalline thin film in the c-axis direction is formed in the uppermost layer. In addition, the invention also provides a zinc oxide thin film which is laminated on a substrate, and which is a crystalline thin film of a wurtzite form. The zinc oxide thin film is formed on a metal thin film layer by a thin film fabricating technique.

Abstract: Methods for forming a composite for use as a vehicle weather strip and the products formed thereby are disclosed in which a main body member is formed from an elastomer polymer and an abrasion resistant decorative layer including a blend of a crosslinkable thermoplastic polyolefin and a thermoplastic vulcanizate is applied thereon. The crosslinkable thermoplastic polyolefin preferably includes a crosslinkable olefin homopolymer. The olefin homopolymer preferably contains grafted silane functional groups to allow the material to be crosslinked in the presence of moisture. The abrasion resistant decorative layer may be extruded or otherwise applied onto the main body either prior to or after the main body member is cured and either prior to or after the crosslinkable polyolefin of the abrasion resistant decorative layer is crosslinked. The material of the abrasion resistant decorative layer may be extruded into sheet form and laminated onto the main body member.

Abstract: A coextruded, heat-sealable film structure includes a core layer of a thermoplastic polymer having a first side and a second side. A functional layer which is printable, sealable, or can be laminated or is treatable for printing, sealing, or laminating is on the first side of the core layer. A heat-sealable layer is on the second side of the core layer. The heat-sealable layer is composed of a thermoplastic polymer and an amount of a slip system, based upon the entire weight of the heat-sealable layer, sufficient to reduce the coefficient of friction and improve the slip performance of the film structure. The slip system is composed of a silicone gum and at least one antiblocking agent. The film structure exhibits the desirable combination of improved converting performance and excellent machinability performance.

Abstract: There is provided a method for depositing a modified MCrAlY coating on a turbine blade tip. The method utilizes laser deposition techniques to provide a metallurgical bond between a turbine blade substrate, such as a superalloy substrate, and the modified MCrAlY composition. Further the modified MCrAlY coating has sufficient thickness such that a post-welding grinding operation to size the turbine blade to a desired dimension will not remove the modified MCrAlY coating entirely. The modified MCrAlY coating thus remains on the finished turbine blade tip after grinding.

Abstract: An alloy including a Pt-group metal, Ni and Al in relative concentration to provide a ?-Ni+??-Ni3Al phase constitution, and a coating including the alloy.

Abstract: There is provided a metal member capable of realizing a corrosion resistance and wear resistance, which are equivalent to or better than those when expensive PdNi is used even if PdNi is not used, and of being produced at relatively low costs. A first layer essentially consisting of nickel and unavoidable impurities is formed on the surface of a base metal member. On the first layer, a second layer essentially consisting of nickel, phosphorus and unavoidable impurities is formed. On the second layer, a third layer essentially consisting of a noble metal or an alloy thereof is formed. The second layer contains 10 to 15 wt % of phosphorus. The thickness of the first layer is 3 ?m or more, and the thickness of the second layer is 0.1 ?m or more.

Abstract: A resin sealed IC has a plurality of external terminals. A metal thin film made of a Sn—Bi alloy is formed in direct contact with the surface of a base member of each external terminal. A Bi content in the Sn—Bi alloy layer is within a range of 0.5 to 6.0 wt %. Further, the Sn—Bi alloy layer has a single-layer plating structure, and the film thickness is within a range of 10 to 25 MIC.

Abstract: Oxidation protection of a titanium-based alloy is provided with improved fatigue properties by a titanium aluminide coating of between 2 to 12 microns by diffusing the Al into the Ti at a temperature below the melting point of the Al. The coating is gas deposited and protects the titanium-based alloys from oxidation at high temperature utilization.

Abstract: A method for forming a plating film, comprising the steps of: applying a plating film onto an object to be plated at a first current density for a predetermined period in a plating bath having a cathode capable of varying current and an anode and; and maintaining the object to be plated at a second current density lower than the first current density. According to the present invention, it is possible to improve solderability of a plating film for conventional lead-free solder by a simple method, which allows the productivity to further enhanced, resulting in a plating film with reduced production costs.

Abstract: A coated steel sheet having a coated layer on surfaces of a steel sheet of a composition containing not less than 0.1 mass % and under 3 mass % of Al, wherein a following condition A or B is met: A: An AlN precipitate layer exists on a matrix side near an interface between said steel sheet and said coated layer B: Oxide of Al exists in said matrix right under said surfaces of said steel sheet.

Abstract: A laminated polyester film excellent in blocking resistance and processing suitability and exhibiting excellent electromagnetic transducing characteristics and excellent travel durability, when processed into a magnetic recording medium, and an electromagnetic recording medium using the laminated polyester film as a base film, are provided. This laminated polyester film comprises a polyester layer B containing a cyclic trimer in an amount of not more than 0.8 percent by weight, having a terminal carboxyl group concentration of not more than 35 eq/106 g and containing inactive particles B having an average particle diameter of 50 to 100 nm, and a polyester layer A laminated to one side of the polyester layer B and not containing inactive particles or containing inactive particles A having a smaller average particle diameter than that of the inactive particles B.

Abstract: A gas turbine component consists of a superalloy base material with a single crystal structure and a protective MCrAlY-coating. The MCrAlY-coating the MCrAlY has a ?/?-phase and single crystal structure, which is epitaxial with the base material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brazing sheet product including a core sheet, on at least one side of the core sheet a clad layer of an aluminum alloy including silicon in an amount in the range of 4 to 14% by weight, and further including on at least one outersurface of the clad layer a plated layer of nickel-tin alloy, such that the clad layer and all layers exterior thereto form a metal filler for a brazing operation and have a composition with the proviso that the mol-ratio of Ni:Sn is in the range of 10:(0.5 to 9).

Abstract: A fusion welding method is provided for fusion welding at juxtaposed interface surfaces a first member, for example made of a first metal based on at least one of Ru, Rh, Pd, and Pt, with a second member made of a second metal, for example a high temperature alloy based on at least one of Fe, Co, and Ni, including at least one identified element, for example Al, that can form a continuous layer of a brittle intermetallic compound with the first metal that is free of such element. With the interface surfaces disposed in contact, energy is generated at the interface surfaces in a combination of an amount and for a first time selected to be sufficient to heat the interface surfaces to a fusion welding temperature. However, the first time is less than a second time that enables formation at the fusion welding temperature of the continuous layer of the brittle intermetallic compound at the interface surfaces.

Abstract: Reactive foils and their uses are provided as localized heat sources useful, for example, in ignition, joining and propulsion. An improved reactive foil is preferably a freestanding multilayered foil structure made up of alternating layers selected from materials that will react with one another in an exothermic and self-propagating reaction. Upon reacting, this foil supplies highly localized heat energy that may be applied, for example, to joining layers, or directly to bulk materials that are to be joined. This foil heat-source allows rapid bonding to occur at room temperature in virtually any environment (e.g., air, vacuum, water, etc.). If a joining material is used, the foil reaction will supply enough heat to melt the joining materials, which upon cooling will form a strong bond, joining two or more bulk materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cobalt-based alloy for the coating of organs subject to erosion by liquid comprising chromium 28–32% by weight, tungsten 6–8% by weight, silicon 0.1–2% by weight, carbon 1.2–1.7% by weight, nickel 3–6% by weight, molybdenum 1–3%, cobalt the complement to 100%. The invention also relates to an application method of the alloy on organs subject to erosion by liquid, in particular vapour turbine blades, to reduce the metal erosion rate following impact with liquids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a partition (1) or a method for producing a partition (1) for a multilayer pressed packet (3), wherein the partition (1) can be placed as a pressing sheet in the composite of a multilayer pressed packet (3) to be produced, especially between two multilayers (2). The unfavorable image transfer between the multilayers (2) that has occurred in the prior art up to now is cost-effectively prevented in that the partition (1) is implemented as a steel sheet, but not as a high-grade steel sheet, and that the steel sheet—at a temperature of essentially 180?C—possesses a tensile strength of at least Rm ? 500 Mpa and/or—at a temperature of essentially 180?C—a yield strength of at least Rp0.2 ? 470 MPa.

Abstract: (1) A titanium material composed of a substrate of pure titanium or titanium alloy and an aluminum-containing layer formed thereon having a thickness no smaller than 1 ?m and containing no less than 90 mass % aluminum or aluminum plus silicon. (2) A titanium material composed of a substrate of pure titanium or titanium alloy and an aluminum-containing layer formed thereon having a thickness no smaller than 1 ?m and containing no less than 90 mass % aluminum or aluminum plus silicon, with a layer of Al—Ti intermetallic compound interposed between them. (3) A titanium material as defined in (1) wherein the substrate contains 0.5-10 mass % aluminum. (4) A titanium material as defined in (1) wherein that surface of the substrate with which the aluminum-containing layer is in contact contains 20-50 atomic % nitrogen. (5) A titanium material as defined in (1) wherein a layer of aluminum nitride is formed in the interface between the substrate and the aluminum-containing layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating organs subject to erosion by liquids, in particular vapour turbine components, which contemplates laser plating with a cobalt-based alloy comprising chromium from 28 to 32% by weight; tungsten from 5 to 7% by weight; silicon from 0.1 to 2% by weight; carbon from 1.2 to 1.7% by weight; nickel from 0.5 to 3% by weight; iron from 0.01 to 1% by weight; manganese from 0.01 to 1% by weight; molybdenum from 0.2 to 1% by weight; possible impurities or other elements from 0 to 0.5% by weight and cobalt the complement to 100%.

Abstract: An object is the provision of a peelable electrodeposited copper foil with carrier foil that stabilizes the peel strength between the carrier foil and the electrodeposited copper foil layer even when used in manufacture of the printed wiring boards that requires pressing at the temperatures of 200° C. or higher. For the purpose of achieving the object, the electrodeposited copper foil with carrier foil 1, which includes an adhesive interface layer 4 arranged on one face of the carrier foil 2 and an electrodeposited copper foil layer 3 arranged on the adhesive interface layer 4, characterized in that the adhesive interface layer 4 is composed of a metal oxide layer ML and an organic material layer OL, and the like are used.

Abstract: A nickel-base superalloy article, such as a gas turbine stationary flowpath shroud that has previously been in service, is repaired by applying a restoration coating to a surface of the article. The restoration coating is applied by providing a precursor mixture, wherein the precursor mixture has no more than about 15 weight percent chromium and no more than about 0.01 percent yttrium, and wherein the precursor mixture includes a higher-melting-point alloy component and a lower-melting-point alloy component. The precursor mixture is applied to the surface of the article, in a form such as a preform of the alloy components. The article with the precursor mixture applied to the surface thereof is heated to a sufficiently high temperature to melt the lower-melting-point alloy component, thereby forming the restoration coating on the surface of the article.

Abstract: A conductive material is electroplated onto a platable resistive metal barrier layer(s) employing a plating bath optionally comprising a super filling additive and a suppressor, and by changing the current or voltage as a function of the area of plated metal. A structure is also provided that comprises a substrate, a platable metal barrier layer(s) located on the substrate and a relatively continuous uniform electroplated layer of a conductive material located on the platable resistive metal barrier layer.

Abstract: A turbine engine component comprising a substrate made of a nickel-base or cobalt-base superalloy and a protective coating overlying the substrate, the coating formed by electroplating at least two platinum group metals selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and iridium. The protective coating is typically heat treated to increase homogeneity of the coating and adherence with the substrate. The component typically further comprises a ceramic thermal barrier coating overlying the protective coating. Also disclosed are methods for forming the protective coating on the turbine engine component by electroplating the platinum group metals.

Abstract: A process for the production of thin walled parts of steel, wherein there are layers that are at least partly differently treatable relating to their strength and hardness qualities. This process can include creating a composite material from a plurality of different layers by connecting at least one core layer and at least one surface layer together. At least one layer of the core or surface layer is cast adjacent to another layer to form a composite material having an alloy gradient that is flat at each interface between any of the core layer or the surface layer. Next, the process can include deforming the composite material along a length of these layers. Finally the process can include heat treating the layers to transform the strength and hardness qualities of at least one of these layers.

Abstract: A thermally-conductive compound for forming a layer which is conformable between a first heat transfer surface and an opposing second heat transfer surface to provide a thermal pathway therebetween. The compound is an admixture of a thermal grease component and a dispersed constituent forming discrete domains within the grease component, the domains being form-stable at normal room temperature in a first phase and conformable between the first and second heat transfer surface in a second phase, and the domains having a domain transition temperature above normal room temperature from the first phase to the second phase. The dispersed constituent may be a fusible, i.e., low temperature melting, metal or metal alloy.

Abstract: A film material for use in packaging electrostatically sensitive components and corrosion sensitive components. The film material includes a static dissipative polymer attached to a first moisture barrier which in turn is attached to a second moisture barrier. The second moisture barrier has a low charge retaining coating. The first and second moisture barriers are separated by dielectric. Moisture barriers are formed by either a metal foil, or a metallized polymer in which the metallization thickness is at least 178 Angstroms thick. The metal of the second moisture barrier is in contact with the low charge retaining coating. The low charge retaining coating together with the metal in the second moisture barrier has a surface conductivity between 10?3 and 10?7 Siemens.

Abstract: A coating system for an article comprising a substrate formed of a metal alloy that is prone to the formation of a deleterious secondary reaction zone (SRZ) as a result of containing more than three weight percent rhenium and at least one additional refractory metal. The coating system comprises an aluminum-containing overlay coating and a diffusion barrier coating between the overlay coating and the substrate. The diffusion barrier coating consists of, in atomic percent, about 20% to about 90% ruthenium, about 2% to about 60% chromium, optionally up to about 50% aluminum, optionally up to about 20% of a platinum-group metal, and the balance at least one of nickel, cobalt, and iron and incidental impurities. The diffusion barrier coating sufficiently inhibits diffusion of aluminum from the overlay coating into the substrate, such that the substrate remains essentially free of SRZ.

Abstract: A coated article having a high resistance to particle-impact damage has a substrate, and a layered coating overlying the substrate. The layered coating includes a substantially continuous quasicrystalline layer, and a substantially continuous ductile metallic layer in facing contact with the quasicrystalline layer. The coated article is preferably used in applications where it is subjected to particle-impact conditions.

Abstract: Liquid aluminum is sprayed onto an iron article to produce a thin tenacious non-corrodible layer. In one embodiment, an iron article is heated to at least 400° F. or preferably until cherry red. It is sprayed with a fine aluminum mist generated by heating aluminum in a container and then passing a gas under pressure through the container and out through a heat resistant ceramic nozzle. In another embodiment, aluminum is heated to at least 2000° F. in a container to produce a pool of liquid aluminum. Pressure is applied to the container to project the liquid aluminum in the form of a fine mist through a ceramic nozzle onto the iron article. The aluminum mist produces a tenacious aluminum layer on the iron article that is workable, weldable and non-corrodible. The aluminum layer is a permanent part of the iron article and cannot be removed by conventional means, such as buffing with a wire wheel driven by a electric motor.

Abstract: A transparent conductive laminate having a completely crystallized, transparent conductive layer on a substrate comprising an organic polymer molding, and a process for producing the same. The transparent conductive layer is excellent in transparency and wet heat confidence and is not excessively low in specific resistivity. The transparent conductive laminate includes a substrate comprising an organic polymer molding having formed thereon a completely crystallized, transparent conductive layer comprising an In—Sn composite oxide having an amount of Sn atom of 1 to 6% by weight based on the total weight of In atom and Sn atom and having a film thickness of 15 to 50 nm, a Hall mobility of 30 to 45 cm2/V-S, and a carrier density of from 2×1020/cm3 to 6×1020/cm3.

Abstract: A laminate composite that includes a phosphoric acid anodized metal layer that includes an anodic film of from between about 0.005 mils to about 0.015 mils thick as measured through standard acid dissolution testing; an adhesive layer; a top layer adhered to the metal layer at least in part by the adhesive layer; and wherein the metal includes a metal chosen from the group that includes an aluminum and an aluminum alloy.

Abstract: A bright composite sheet product including a roll cast core and a clad material bonded to the core. The core is an aluminum alloy of the AA series 1XXX, 3XXX, 5XXX, or 8XXX, and the clad material contains at least 99.5 wt. % aluminum. The composite sheet products is particularly suited for use in lighting fixtures.

Abstract: A method of brazing an aluminum or aluminum alloy material, containing brazing an aluminum alloy brazing sheet that has an aluminum or aluminum alloy core material and, being clad on one or both surfaces, a filler alloy layer comprised of an Al—Si-based alloy and contains Mg incorporated at least in a constituent layer except the filler alloy layer, thereby to form a hollow structure whose one surface clad with the filler alloy is the inner surface, wherein the brazing is carried out in an inert gas atmosphere without applying any flux; and an aluminum alloy brazing sheet which satisfies the relationship: (X+Y)?a/60+0.5 and X>Y, wherein a (?m) represents the thickness of the filler alloy layer clad on the core material of the inner side of the hollow structure, and X and Y (mass %) represent the Mg contents of the core material and the brazing material, respectively.

Abstract: A transparent heat-absorbent multi-layer structure comprising, (A) a first layer, and (B) a second layer is described. The first layer (A) contains at least one organic infrared absorber (e.g., a phthalocyanine) and at least one ultraviolet absorber (e.g., a benzotriazole), and the second layer (B) contains at least one ultraviolet absorber and is substantially free of organic infrared absorbers. The first layer (A) is the only layer in the multi-layer structure that contains an organic infrared absorber. Also described is a method of preparing the multi-layer structure. Molded articles that may comprise the multi-layer structure of the present invention include glazings, such as automotive glazings.

Abstract: An electrodeposited copper foil to be laminated on an insulation substrate for a printed circuit board, comprising a barrier layer of ternary alloy of Zn—Co—As formed on the copper foil, is provided. Further, a surface treatment method of an electrodeposited copper foil for a printed circuit board, comprising electrolytically treating the copper foil in an electrolytic solution containing pyrophosphoric acid potassium of about 10 g/l to about 200 g/l, Zn of about 0.1 g/l to about 20 g/l, Co of about 0.1 g/l to about 20 g/l and As of about 0.05 g/l to about 5 g/l, is provided. Further, the electrolytic solution remains at the temperature of about 20° C. to about 50° C. and a pH of about 9 to about 13. The copper foil is electrolytically treated for about 2 seconds to about 20 seconds at a cathode current density of about 0.5 A/dm2 to about 20 A/dm2.

Abstract: Martensitic stainless steel whose steel composition is restricted within a specific range for each element is provided. The scale layer formed on the surface of the base material consists of an inner layer scale mainly including FeCr2O4 and an outer layer scale having a thickness of not more than 20 ?m, which outer layer is deposited on the inner layer scale at a surface coverage of not less than 1% and not more than 15%. The application of rust preventive oil onto the surface of the steel ensures an excellent weather resistance during a long term, and therefore a martensitic stainless steel forming no rust either in the outdoor depository or in the indoor depository can be provided. The steel can be used to manufacture, not only steel pipes, but also steel plates, steel rods and others in a wide application field.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat reflective coated structural article comprising a heat reflective component and a coated structural article component which comprises a substrate having an ionic charge coated with a coating having essentially the same ionic charge. The coating of the coated structural article consists essentially of a filler material and a binder material wherein the binder material bonds the filler material together and to the substrate and wherein the coating does not bleed through the substrate. Nonlimiting examples of the heat reflective component include, elastomeric coatings, aluminum fiber coatings, acrylic and polyurethane coating systems, ceramic coatings insulating paints, metal pigment paints, metal pigment pastes and aluminum flakes. The heat reflective coated structural article of the present invention may be incorporated into commercial roofing products.

Abstract: In a method of providing a surface with a protection layer having at least a first surface area (2) and a second surface area (1), which surface areas (1, 2) are distinguishable in that the surface areas (1, 2) differ from each other in at least one visual property, parts of the surface situated outside the first surface area (2) are masked with a mask layer which partially covers the surface, and the surface is subjected to an electrochemical treatment (14, 20), whereby non-masked parts of the surface are treated. As the mask layer provided on the surface is a sol-gel layer forming the protection layer in the second surface area (1), a wear-resistant surface-protection layer having visually distinguishable surface areas is provided in an efficient manner. An object which can be obtained by means of the proposed method is also described.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprises: a non-magnetic base film; and a magnetic recording layer comprising a binder resin and black magnetic acicular composite particles having an average particle diameter of 0.051 to 0.35 ?m, comprising magnetic acicular cobalt-coated iron oxide particles or magnetic acicular metal particles containing iron as a main component, a coating formed on surface of the magnetic acicular particles, comprising at least one organosilicon compound selected from the group consisting of: (1) organosilane compounds obtainable from alkoxysilane compounds, and (2) polysiloxanes or modified polysiloxanes, and a carbon black coat formed on the coating layer comprising said organosilicon compound, in an amount of from more than 10 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said magnetic acicular particles.

Abstract: Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized by having an average carbon concentration of 14 at % or less in a range to a depth of 100 nm from the surface and having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface. Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized in that, in X-ray diffraction of its surface, a ratio (X1/X2) of a (200) peak intensity X1 of TiC to a (110) peak intensity X2 of titanium is not more than 0.18 and by having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface.

Abstract: Reactive foils and their uses are provided as localized heat sources useful, for example, in ignition, joining and propulsion. An improved reactive foil is preferably a freestanding multilayered foil structure made up of alternating layers selected from materials that will react with one another in an exothermic and self-propagating reaction. Upon reacting, this foil supplies highly localized heat energy that may be applied, for example, to joining layers, or directly to bulk materials that are to be joined. This foil heat-source allows rapid bonding to occur at room temperature in virtually any environment (e.g., air, vacuum, water, etc.). If a joining material is used, the foil reaction will supply enough heat to melt the joining materials, which upon cooling will form a strong bond, joining two or more bulk materials.

Abstract: Method of synthesis of confined colloidal crystals using electrodeposition. The present invention provides a method of growing confined colloidal crystal structures using electrodeposition of monodispersed charged colloid spheres onto a substrate patterned with an array of electroconductive surface relief features on a surface of a substrate. In this approach, control over large-scale ordering is achieved via a planar pattern whose scale is on the order of tens of microns, a regime readily accessed through coarse lithography, laser micromachining, and holography.

Abstract: A multilayer ultrathin film which comprises layers of a polymer and layers of lamina particles alternately assembled, said lamina particles are obtained by exfoliating microcrystals of a layered titanium oxide.

Abstract: A joined structure has high strength, which is used for manufacturing a joint made from different metal materials. In the joined structure in which the different metal materials are joined, a reaction product layer to be generated on the joined interface is set to have a thickness of 0.5 &mgr;m or less. Moreover, the reaction product layer is allowed to intermittently exist on the joined interface. Furthermore, the reaction product layer contains a base material crystal consisting of base material atoms of 90 atom % or more on the joined interface.

Abstract: Methods for forming a composite extrusion for use as a vehicle weather strip and the products formed thereby are disclosed in which a main body member is formed from an elastomeric thermoset rubber and an abrasion resistant decorative layer comprised of a crosslinkable thermoplastic is extruded thereon. The crosslinkable thermoplastic may be an ethylene-octene copolymer or a copolymerized ethylene-styrene interpolymer. The thermoplastic contains grafted silane functional groups to allow the thermoplastic to be crosslinked in the presence of moisture. The abrasion resistant decorative layer may be extruded onto the thermoset either prior to or after the thermoset is cured and either prior to or after the abrasion resistant decorative layer is crosslinked. The material of the abrasion resistant decorative layer may be extruded into sheet form and laminated onto the main body member.

Abstract: A resin sheet which comprises a base layer containing particles dispersed therein and hence has excellent dimensional stability; a resin sheet which comprises a base layer containing particles dispersed therein and hence has excellent light diffusion properties; resin sheets which comprise either of those resin sheets containing dispersed particles and a reflecting layer, inorganic gas barrier layer, and color filter layer respectively superposed thereon; and a liquid crystal display using any of these resin sheets containing dispersed particles. Some of the resin sheets containing dispersed particles comprise a base layer comprising a thermoplastic resin or thermoset resin and dispersed therein an inorganic oxide having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, the amount of the inorganic oxide being 0.1 to 23% by weight based on the weight of the base layer.

Abstract: A coated article having a high resistance to particle-impact damage has a substrate, and a layered coating overlying the substrate. The layered coating includes a substantially continuous quasicrystalline layer, and a substantially continuous ductile metallic layer in facing contact with the quasicrystalline layer. The coated article is preferably used in applications where it is subjected to particle-impact conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a metal block suitable for machining, the metal block comprising at least two superimposed metal plates, each having a thickness of at least 12.5 mm, wherein the yield strength of the block is at least 75% of the yield strength of the initial metal plate(s). The present invention is further directed to methods for manufacturing such blocks from two or more thick metal plates by explosive welding and other methods. Blocks according to the present invention are useful, for example, for manufacturing aircraft structural components or injection molds for plastics or rubber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel apatite-coated metallic material having improved surface quality and biocompatibility, a process for its preparation, and the use of the material for bone implants, in particular dental implants, artificial joints and fixative material for accident surgery (osteosynthesis material). The coating in this case consists of a thick covering of hydroxyapatite crystals and/or amorphous calcium phosphate spheres having a specific surface area of less than 15 m2/g.