Abstract: A metal wire, having a steel core and being provided with a layer of cladding of a zinc/manganese alloy containing between 5% and 80% of manganese. The wire is used as a reinforcement structure for tires or other products of elastomer material. Several embodiments of a process for applying the cladding on the steel core by electrodeposition of the zinc/manganese alloy are also described.

Abstract: A process for protecting, especially against corrosion, a silver or silver-coated part, wherein a Cu--Sn alloy comprising from 53 to 75% copper and from 25 to 47% tin and optionally comprising up to 10% zinc is deposited on the said part over a thickness of less than 0.01 .mu.m. Another aspect of the invention is a silver or silver-coated part additionally having a protective coating formed from a Cu--Sn or Cu--Sn--Zn alloy, with a thickness of less than 0.01 .mu.m.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a reflow-plated member, which comprises a process for forming a plated layer of Sn or Sn alloy on the surface of a base material, at least the surface of which is formed of Cu or Cu alloy, by electroplating, and a process for running the base material at a traveling speed equivalent to 80% to 90% of the lowest traveling speed that said plated layer does not melt when the base material is continuously run for reflowing in a heating furnace at a predetermined temperature. The obtained reflow-plated member is excellent in any of properties including solderability, heat resistance, bendability, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A slide surface construction is formed of an aggregate of Ni crystals having a face-centered cubic structure. The aggregate includes {220} oriented Ni crystals with their {220} planes (by Miller indices) oriented toward a slide surface and having a content S in a range represented by S<25%. If the content of the {220 } oriented Ni crystals is set in such a range, a large number of quadrangular Ni crystals are precipitated in the slide surface, so that the oil retention and the initial conformability are improved by the Ni crystals. Thus, the slide surface construction exhibits an excellent seizure resistance.

Abstract: A tag or marker is disclosed which comprises a substrate; an `active` magnetic material which is a soft magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability and a low coercive force; and a deactivating material which is a hard or semi-hard magnetic material having a moderate or high coercive force and a moderate magnetic permeability, whereby the deactivating material, when subjected to a sufficiently high magnetising force, is able to clamp the magnetic properties of the `active` material so as to deactivate the `active` material. The deactivating material in the tag or marker is electrodeposited nickel with a planar crystal grain structure.

Abstract: An electrodeposited composite coating comprises, as deposited, a matrix of cobalt and particles of chromium carbide, at least 50% and preferably at least 80% or 90% by weight of the particles lying within the size range of 4 .mu.m to 8 .mu.m.

Abstract: A finishing process for a base metal substrate comprising the steps of polishing the surface of the base metal substrate, electroplating the metal substrate with copper, electroplating a layer of metal over the copper plate, and depositing a substantially moisture impervious coating on the metal layer.

Abstract: A high-hardness metal skin film is formed of an aggregate of metal crystals. The area rate A of pyramid-shaped metal crystals in a surface of the skin film is in a range of A.gtoreq.40%. The aggregate contains at least one element selected from boron (B), carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) as an added element, wherein the B content is in a range of B.gtoreq.0.01% by weight, the C content is in a range of C.gtoreq.0.03% by weight, and the H content is in a range of H.gtoreq.0.01% by weight. The skin surface takes on an intricate aspect due to the presence of a large number pyramid-shaped metal crystals and hence, has a good oil retention. In addition, the wear of each pyramid-shaped metal crystal is inhibited by an increase in hardness produced with the containment of boron and/or carbon and/or hydrogen and therefore, the oil retention is maintained.

Abstract: A process for plating aluminum alloy substrates (10), such as 390 aluminum alloy pistons (12), with iron comprises (a) plating on the aluminum substrate a layer of zincate from a zincate bath; (b) plating on the zincate layer a layer (14) of nickel from an electroless nickel bath; (c) plating on the nickel layer a layer (16) of iron from an iron ammonium sulfate bath; and (d) plating on the iron layer a layer (18) of tin from an alkaline tin bath. During the electroless plating, the zincate layer, which protects the underlying aluminum against oxidation, is sacrificed. All of these baths are environmentally much safer than cyanide and chloride. They are also cost effective and can be utilized in a totally closed loop plating system.

Abstract: Zn--Cr alloy plated steel sheets have excellent corrosion resistance. It has now been found that the phase structures of Zn--Cr alloy platings are such that they comprise yet to be known phases .eta.x, .delta.x and .GAMMA.x. Furthermore, these phases when taken either singly or with two or more phases being mixed together, exhibit the following characteristics (1)-(6). The characteristics of the respective phases are also identified below.______________________________________ (1) .eta.x Resistance to cosmetic corrosion (2) .GAMMA.x Formability (3) .eta.x + .delta.x Chipping resistance (4) .eta.x + .GAMMA.x Corrosion resistance in the as-formed state (5) .delta.x + .GAMMA.x Water resistant secondary adherence of coating (6) .eta.x + .delta.x + .GAMMA.x Perforation corrosion resistance .eta.x: Hexagonal crystal a = 2.66-2.74 .ANG. c = 4.61-4.95 .ANG. .delta.x: Hexagonal crystal a = 2.72-2.78 .ANG. c = 4.43-4.60 .ANG. .GAMMA.x: Cubic crystal a = 3.00-3.06 .ANG.

Abstract: A slide surface construction which is an inorganic skin film formed of an aggregate of Fe crystals having a body-centered cubic structure. The aggregate includes a large number of {222} oriented Fe crystals with their {222} planes (by Miller indices) oriented toward a slide surface. At least some of these {222} oriented Fe crystals are hexangular pyramid-shaped Fe crystals having six ridge lines. These Fe crystals having six ridge lines ensure that the oil retention of the slide surface construction can be improved, and a slide load acting on the slide surface can be finely divided.

Abstract: A method for the production of a metal foam is described.To this end a suitable foam material (1)is provided, if necessary, with an electrically conducting covering layer (1') and then thickened by plating with metal in an electrolytic bath.According to the invention the electrolytic bath used contains a brightener; in particular a chemical compound having the properties of a second class brightener.Metal foam obtained by means of the method is also described.

Abstract: A machine part comprises: a base part formed of a titanium alloy or an aluminum alloy and having a roughened surface of Ra 0.5 .mu.m or above and PPI.sub.50 or above; and a Ni--P electrodeposit layer formed over the surface of the base part by an electroplating process using a Ni--P plating bath containing a stress relaxing agent, and having a stress of 20 kgf/mm.sup.2 or below. The machine part has a small specific gravity, excellent seizure resistance, wear resistance and fatigue strength.

Abstract: A soft magnetic multilayer film is manufactured by an electroplating process using an electrolyte containing metal ions. The soft magnetic multilayer film includes soft magnetic layers composed of elements, and deteriorated-soft magnetic layers composed of the same elements and alternating with the soft magnetic layers. The soft magnetic layers are preferably different in composition from the deteriorated-soft magnetic layers. In addition, it is preferable that the metal ions contained in the electrolyte include at least two of Ni ion, Co ion, and Fe ion.

Abstract: A printed circuit inner-layer copper foil having inverted tear drop-shaped fine nodules formed on both surfaces of a copper foil each having surface roughness Rz=1 to 3 .mu.m, the nodules having a length of 0.6 to 1.0 .mu.m and a maximum diameter of 0.2 to 0.8 .mu.m, and a process for producing said inner-layer copper foil.

Abstract: This invention relates to electrodeposited copper foil having an elongation measured at 180.degree. C. in excess of about 5.5%, an ultimate tensile strength measured at 23.degree. C. in excess of about 60,000 psi, and a matte-side R.sub.tm in the range of about 4.5 to about 18 .mu.m. This invention also relates to a process for making electrodeposited copper foil which comprises: preparing a copper deposition bath comprising water, copper ions and sulfate ions, said bath containing less than about 20 ppm chloride ions; and applying electric current to said bath to electrodeposit copper from said bath using a current density in the range of about 200 to about 3000 amps per square foot.

Abstract: In connection with a process of implementing galvanizing and galvannealing on steel strips containing highly oxidizable elements such as Si, Mn, P, Ti, Nb, Al, Ni, Cu, Mo, V, Cr, and B, after annealing in a continuous line or implementing electroplating after annealing, the present invention provides a method for restraining non-plating at low cost in a stable manner and a surface treated steel strip having minimal non-plating. By applying on at least one surface of a steel strip a Fe plating having a coating weight of 0.1-10 g/m.sup.2 and an oxygen content of 0.1-10 wt %, followed by annealing and then zinc or zinc alloy plating, there is obtained a surface treated steel strip having minimal plating defects which includes a Fe plating layer immediately below a zinc or zinc alloy plating layer and a steel alloying element concentrated stratum immediately below the Fe plating layer. The Fe plating may be formed using an electroplating bath which contains 0.1-10 g/l of Fe.sup.

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for sliding on a mating member, wherein the surface layer has metal crystals belonging to a cubic system with a crystal plane of high atomic density directed toward the slide surface and form the slide surface.

Abstract: A noise-damping composite is formed by providing a sandwich of a viscoelastic layer between two metal skins, the viscoelastic layer including electrically conductive particles distributed therein. The sandwich is passed through a series of cells of an electro-galvanizing line, in each cell the sandwich passing through the nip formed between a charged electrically conductive contact roller and an electrically insulating pressure roller for applying sufficient pressure to insure conductivity from the metal skin engaging the contact roller through the viscoelastic layer to the other metal skin, so that the galvanizing metal is plated on only the outer surfaces of the two metal skins.

Abstract: A metal foil for printed wiring boards comprising a first copper layer to be adhered to a resin, a second copper layer having a sufficient strength as a metal layer and a nickel-phosphorus alloy layer containing 1.1% by weight or more of phosphorus formed between the first and second copper layers is suitable for producing printed wiring boards having excellent heat resistance, particularly during production procedures.

Abstract: A method for producing a tin free steel having double layers consisting of a lower layer of flatly deposited metallic chromium and an upper layer of insoluble hydrated chromium oxide which is characterized by a dissolution of soluble hydrated chromium oxide after the formation of three layers consisting of a bottom layer of metallic chromium, a middle layer of insoluble hydrated chromium oxide and an upper layer of soluble hydrated chromium oxide on a steel base by using a chromic acid electrolyte with a small amount of fluoride compound. By using this tin free steel, a welded can body can be produced at high speed without the removal of the plated layer in the welded part because this tin free steel has an excellent weldability.

Abstract: A multilayer pipe surface coating for water system elements requiring high corrosion resistance includes at least one conversion layer and one thermosetting synthetic resin layer.

Abstract: A material for producing far-infrared radiation is disclosed. The material comprises a substrate and an Al--Mn alloy-derived oxide surface layer on the substrate, the oxide surface layer being porous with an average pore diameter of 0.01-2.0 micrometers and a porosity of 10.sup.3 -10.sup.12 pores/cm.sup.2, the weight ratio of Mn/Al of the oxide surface layer being 0.001-2.0, and the thickness of the oxide surface layer being 0.1-100 micrometers.

Abstract: A multilayer plated aluminum sheet suitable for use in automobile body panels comprises a base aluminum sheet made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and has a first layer of zinc or a zinc alloy formed by displacement plating on the surface of the aluminum sheet and one or more layers of electroplated coating formed on the first layer by electroplating in an acidic bath. Preferably, the upper electroplated coating comprises at least one layer of zinc or a zinc alloy and the uppermost layer of the coating is formed from a metallic material having a melting point above 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer is formed of metal crystals belonging to a cubic system with a plane of (h00) by Miller indices directed so as to form the slide surface. The percent area A of the (h00) plane in the slide surface is set in a range of A.gtoreq.50%.

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for sliding on a mating member, wherein the surface layer has metal crystals belonging to a cubic system with a crystal plane of high atomic density directed toward the slide surface and form the slide surface.

Abstract: A nickel alloy electroplated cold-rolled steel sheet excellent in press-formability and phosphating-treatability, which comprises: (a) a cold-rolled steel sheet consisting essentially of: carbon (C): up to 0.06 wt. %, silicon (Si): up to 0.5 wt. %, manganese (Mn): up to 2.5 wt. %, phosphorus (P): up to 0.1 wt. %, sulfur (S): up to 0.025 wt. %, soluble aluminum (Sol.Al): up to 0.10 wt. %, nitrogen (N): up to 0.005 wt. %, and the balance being iron (Fe) and incidental impurities; (b) a nickel alloy electroplating layer, formed on at least one surface of the cold-rolled steel sheet, the nickel alloy electroplating layer consisting of nickel alloy particles precipitated at a distribution density of at least 1.times.10.sup.12 /m.sup.2, the nickel alloy particles containing at least one of phosphorus (P), boron (B) and sulfur (S) in an amount of 1 to 15 wt. %, the plating weight of the nickel alloy electroplating layer being 5 to 60 mg/m.sup.

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer of a Pb alloy on a slide surface for a mating member, and the crystal form of the Pb alloy is formed such that the orientation index in a (h00) plane by Miller indices is in a range of 50 to 100%.

Abstract: A method of surface treatment of a copper foil for printed circuit boards comprising the steps of forming a treating layer of copper-zinc or copper-zinc-nickel by electrolysing at least a side of a copper foil in a manner of cathodic electrolysis in a bath of copper-zinc including copper ion, zinc ion, tartaric acid and alkali or further including nickel ion, and giving a chromate treatment to the copper foil. A copper foil for printed circuit boards obtained by using a copper-zinc-nickel bath.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant coating and process comprises the following layers applied in sequence over a ferrous metal substrate: a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing 5 to 30 weight percent nickel; a galvanically protective zinc metal plating; and either copper, nickel and chromium (or chromium substitute) plating layers or a chromate conversion layer. The coating is preferably used with a steel fastener such as a bolt or drill screw in combination with a washer.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tarnish and oxidation resistance of metallic substrate is disclosed. The substrate is immersed in an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide, zinc ions and chromium (VI) ions. Either the temperature of the aqueous solution or the current density is selected so that at least one surface of the substrate is coated with a nontransparent layer. A chromium-zinc coating is electrolytically applied. The coating provides tarnish resistance at temperatures in excess of 230.degree. C. The coating is removable by immersion in sulfuric acid. Improved results are obtained by rinsing deionized water containing a small amount of an alkaline or alkaline earth hydroxide.

Abstract: Steel plate for automobile bodies and a method for manufacturing the steel plate are disclosed, the steel plate containing 0.02.about.0.03% of P as an alloying element with a total amount of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo being more than 0. 01% but less than 0.08 weight % and being electroplated with a Zn alloy.

Abstract: Selective electrolytic deposition on either conductive or non-conductive bodies is provided by forming a layer of a metal which forms a plating-preventing compound on the surface of the body to be plated, and selectively interdiffusing a plating-enabling metal into the surface of that compound-forming metal in those locations where plating is desired and electroplating the body. The interdiffusion may be done before or after the plating-preventing compound has formed on the surface of the compound-forming layer. During the electroplating, the electroplating metal deposits only in those locations where the plating-enabling metal has interdiffused with the compound-forming metal. At the end of the process, the compound-forming metal may be removed in those locations where it is not covered by the electroplated metal to provide a plurality of separate plated conductors.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tarnish and oxidation resistance of copper and copper based ally material is disclosed. The material is electrolytically coated by immersion in an aqueous electrolyte containing sodium hydroxide, zinc ions and chromium (VI) ions. The deposited coating is a codeposited layer of zinc and chromium with a zinc to chromium ratio of from about 5:1 to about 12:1. The coating provides tarnish resistance at temperatures in excess of 190.degree. C. and is removable by immersion in sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A dense, smooth, ductile, hard, highly reflective, corrosion-resistant, temperature resistant, and wear-resistant crystalline alloy of nickel, cobalt and boron. The alloy is epitaxially electrodeposited on an activated substrate using a pulsed square wave current. The epitaxial deposition occurs in an electrolytic bath containing nickel ions, cobalt ions, complexing agents, and an amino borane compound at a moderately low pH level and moderate temperature. An insoluble, solid catalyst, preferably palladium, causes the alloy to diffuse into the surface of the substrate and become bonded by a polar-covalent bond to it. Implements coated with the alloy, as well as plating solutions and methods for making the alloy are also disclosed.

Abstract: Steel plate for automobile bodies and a method for manufacturing the steel plate are disclosed, the steel plate containing 0.02.about.0.03% of P as an alloying element with a total amount of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo being more than 0.01% but less than 0.08 weight % and being electroplated with a Zn alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite plating film for sliding members, essentially containing at least one of the alloy elements selected from tin, indium, antimony, and copper; inorganic particles; and lead; the composition of the composite plating film being:a) at least one of the alloy elements selected from tin, indium, antimony, and copper . . . 2 to 30 weight % in total;b) inorganic particles . . . 0.3 to 25 volume %; andc) lead . . . the balance.

Abstract: An improved method for inhibiting corrosion of precious metal plated objects is provided wherein a thin dichromate film coats the precious metal outer surface and fills the precious metal outer surface pores using either immersion or electrolytic methods employing passivation plating techniques.

Abstract: A method for producing a tin free steel having double layers consisting of a lower layer of flatly deposited metallic chromium and an upper layer of insoluble hydrated chromium oxide which is characterized by a dissolution of soluble hydrated chromium oxide after the formation of three layers consisting of a bottom layer of metallic chromium, a middle layer of insoluble hydrated chromium oxide and an upper layer of soluble hydrated chromium oxide on a steel base by using a chromic acid electrolyte with a small amount of fluoride compound.By using this tin free steel, a welded can body can be produced at high speed without the removal of the plated layer in the welded part because this tin free steel has an excellent weldability.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tarnish and oxidation resistance of copper and copper based alloy materials is disclosed. Copper or a copper alloy is immersed in an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide, zinc ions and chromium (VI) ions. While the compositional ranges may vary, the concentration of either zinc ions or chromium (VI) ions, or both, is less than 1.0 gm/1. A chromium-zinc coating is electrolytically applied. The coating provides tarnish resistance at temperatures in excess of 190.degree. C. The coating is removable by immerison in sulfuric acid. Improved results are obtained by rinsing deionized water containing a small amount of an alkaline or alkaline earth hydroxide.

Abstract: The invention consists of a process for electroplating electroactive polymer substrates at potentials sufficient to cause reduction of the substrates. The inventive process can be used to make polymer-metal composites having one or more metal films. More specifically, it can be used to electroplate polyimide substrates with gold, or to electroplate gold over a copper plated polyimide substrate. These inventive composites exhibit improved polymer-metal adhesion when they are exposed to elevated temperatures and humidities, i.e., 85.degree. C. and 85% R.H.

Abstract: Smooth, specular, ductile alloys of a transition metal and phosphorus (particularly nickel phosphorus) are produced. The ductility is such that when the alloy is in the form of a foil having a thickness up to or greater than 1 mil (i.e. greater than can be obtained by splat cooling) it can be formed into a complex geometric shape, such as a helix, without cracking, and has a ductility comparable to at least about 5 percent (possibly even over 10 percent) for a 25 micron foil subjected to the ASTM Micrometer Bend Test for Ductility of Electrodeposits. The alloy is deposited on a substrate by electroplating in a bath comprising about 0.5-1.0 molar nickel, about 1.5-3.0 molar phosphorous acid, about 0.1-0.6 molar phosphoric acid, and about 0.0-0.6 molar hydrochloric acid, with chloride ion in the amount of at least 1.25M, and greater than twice as much chloride as nickel.

Abstract: The invention consists of a process for pulse electroplating electroactive polymer substrates at potentials sufficient to cause reduction of the substrates. The inventive process can be used to make polymer-metal composites having one or more metal films. More specifically, it can be used to electroplate polyimide substrates with gold, or to electroplate gold over a copper plated polyimide substrate. These inventive composites exhibit improved polymer-metal adhesion when they are exposed to elevated temperatures and humidities, i.e., 85.degree. C. and 85% R.H.

Abstract: A glass to metal seal for mounting an electrical conductor in a metal wall, such as a microelectronic circuit case, and a method of mounting. The metal lead which serves as the electrical conductor is coated with a layer of iron by electroplating and the iron coated lead is mounted in the opening of the metal wall with a glass insulating sleeve. In an alternative embodiment, a barrier layer of electroplated and sintered nickel is provided on the metal lead under the iron layer. A similar layer of iron may be provided on the case wall at the lead opening, and a barrier layer may be provided on the case wall under the iron layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel sheet having an organic composite plating layer excellent in press workability, spot weldability, electrodeposition coatability and corrosion resistance which comprises a zinc plated, aluminum plated or zinc base composite alloy steel sheet, a first layer of an insoluble chromate film of 5% or less in the content of water-soluble matter formed on the surface of the steel sheet at a coverage of 10-150 mg/m.sup.2 in terms of chromium content and a second layer of a coating composition having the following composition coated at a thickness of 0.3-5 .mu.

Abstract: A sheet member and a method for constructing the sheet member. The sheet member includes a plurality of elongated, enclosed channels formed by electrodeposition.