Abstract: An activation mechanism for a battery for an electronic ignition mechanism contains an ampoule filled with an electrolyte. The mechanism for breaking has a snap spring element to which the ampoule is attached in a freely suspended manner. The snap spring element snaps from a first shape into a second shape when a force due to acceleration is applied, thereby severing the attachment of the ampoule.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode for a lithium secondary battery in which a hygroscopic material is disposed in pores which are formed by arranging an active material in an active material layer, wherein, since the electrode for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention may remove moisture present in the electrode and an electrolyte solution by disposing the hygroscopic material in the pores which are formed by the active material in the active material layer, a side reaction due to the presence of moisture in the battery may be excluded, and thus, the performance of the battery may be improved.

Abstract: A battery cell housing and control system enables the use of liquid battery power systems in various applications, including downhole environments. The cell housing includes a plurality of conductive terminals spaced there-around to provide conductivity between the electrochemical solution and the load. Sensors provide orientation data to the control system to thereby determine which terminals should be activated to provide power to a load.

Abstract: A reserve batter is provided. The reserve battery includes a housing; a battery inside the housing, the battery including an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte between the anode and the cathode; and a movable piece for sliding within the housing to compress the battery such that sufficient heat is generated within the battery to activate the solid electrolyte. Methods of activating a reserve battery are also provided.

Abstract: A reserve battery that is activated via a low energy mechanical force. The reserve battery generally includes a battery case having an electrolyte compartment at a first end and an electrode compartment at a second end, a first terminal having an external button connected to the case at the first end, and a second terminal connected to the case at the second end. A movable ampoule is movably positioned within the electrolyte compartment. A bias member is located within the case between the external button and the ampoule and a porous cutter is positioned within the case between the electrodes and the ampoule and supported by an inverted U-shaped support structure. When an external force is applied to the external button, the bias member transfers an internal force to the ampoule to cause the ampoule to engage the cutter and allow the electrolyte to release thus activating the battery.

Abstract: An activatable battery for an electronic artillery fuse and mortar fuse includes an ampoule filled with an electrolyte, and an activation device for rupturing the ampoule. In order to evaluate the duration of a mechanical impulse acting on the battery, the activation device can be freed by a timing member having an inertia body which is axially and rotatably displaceable and against which a compression spring is operative. A compact structure and reliable installation of the ampoule in the battery is achieved in that the battery has an upper battery portion and a lower battery portion, the activation device is provided in the upper battery portion and the ampoule is disposed immovably in the lower battery portion.

Abstract: A reserve battery including a dual-purpose fill port member that also operates as a battery activation mechanism. The reserve battery includes a frangible barrier positioned inside a case. The frangible barrier divides the case into a first compartment holding cell electrodes and a second compartment capable of holding an electrolyte in isolation from the first compartment. Positioned in the second compartment proximate to the frangible barrier is a fill port member that is movable in response to an applied force for rupturing the frangible barrier. The fill port member also has a fluid passageway for use in transferring an amount of the electrolyte to the second compartment. The dual purpose of the fill port member is that it efficiently uses the available space and permits the design and production of a more compact reserve battery for use in space-limited applications, such as artillery shells.

Abstract: An activatable battery for an electronic artillery fuse and mortar fuse includes an ampoule filled with an electrolyte, and an activation device for rupturing the ampoule. In order to evaluate the duration of a mechanical impulse acting on the battery, the activation device can be freed by a timing member having an inertia body which is axially and rotatably displaceable and against which a compression spring is operative. A compact structure and reliable installation of the ampoule in the battery is achieved in that the battery has an upper battery portion and a lower battery portion, the activation device is provided in the upper battery portion and the ampoule is disposed immovably in the lower battery portion.

Abstract: This invention relates to high energy density batteries, of a reserve type, capable of long storage lifetime.

Abstract: A method of attaching a battery cell in an apparatus acted upon by centrifugal force avoids an extreme decline in discharge capacity of the battery cell when acted upon by the centrifugal force. The battery, of the type including a positive polarity material and a negative polarity material which are placed in opposition in a thickness direction of a battery case with an intervening separator disposed therebetween, and a liquid electrolyte packed inside the battery case, is mounted in the apparatus, oriented such that a negative polarity material side of the battery cell faces generally in a direction in which the centrifugal force acts on the apparatus, and an angle of inclination of a thickness direction of the battery cell is within a range of 0 to about 60 degrees relative to the direction of the centrifugal force.

Abstract: As activatable battery for an electronic artillery fuse includes an ampoule filled with an electrolyte, and an activation device for rupturing the ampoule in response to the application of an impulse of predetermined minimum magnitude. The activation device includes a timing mechanism for increasing the duration for which the impulse must be applied in order to enable the rupturing to occur, thereby increasing the safety of the fuse.

Abstract: As activatable battery for an electronic artillery fuse includes an ampoule filled with an electrolyte, and an activation device for rupturing the ampoule in response to the application of an impulse of predetermined minimum magnitude. The activation device includes a timing mechanism for increasing the duration for which the impulse must be applied in order to enable the rupturing to occur, thereby increasing the safety of the fuse.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium cell comprises a cathode having a discharge potential not less than 2 V relative to a Li/Li.sup.+ anode, an anode capable of doping and un-doping lithium and made of a material comprising a lithium titanate having a spinel structure and represented by the general formula, LixTiyO.sub.4 wherein 0.8.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1.4 and 1.6.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.2.2, a separator separating the cathode and the anode from each other, and an electrolytic solution impregnated at least in the separator and dissolving a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent. When subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis, the material has peaks at least at 4.84.+-.0.02 angstroms, 2.53.+-.0.02 angstroms, 2.09.+-.0.02 angstroms and 1.48.+-.0.02 angstroms and a ratio of a peak intensity at 4.84.+-.0.02 angstroms and a peak intensity at 1.48.+-.0.02 angstroms of 100:30.+-.10. The material may consist of the lithium titanate or mixed crystals of the lithium titanate and rutile-type titanium dioxide.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrochemical cell comprising an active metal anode, an organic electrolyte and a cathode comprising a minor amount of a desiccant which is insoluble in the organic electrolyte and non-reactive during cell discharge. The resulting cell has been found to be resistant to internal gas generation. Such a desiccant is particularly useful in lithium/manganese dioxide cells.

Abstract: A fluid control apparatus for selectively providing a stored fluid to a working environment for the fluid includes a container for storing the fluid. The container is arranged as a metal thimble with longitudinal score lines evenly spaced about its diameter. A weight is attached to one end of the thimble to provide a force on the thimble in a longitudinal direction as a result of a corresponding acceleration of the thimble. The scoring lines produce stress concentrations and serve to weaken the thimble in its radial direction. The longitudinal force produced by the weight during acceleration results in a collapse of the thimble and a rupture of the walls of the thimble along the score lines to produce exit orifices for the fluid stored in the thimble. In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluid is an electrolyte, and the fluid control apparatus is used in a reserve activated battery housing to store the electrolyte until the acceleration induced collapse of the thimble.

Abstract: A deferred action battery in which activation is initiated by rotating one part of the battery (the rotor) with respect to a second part of the battery (the stator). A liquid electrolyte is stored within a chamber in the rotor, and a cathode mix is stored in a chamber in the stator. A rotor port leads to the rotor chamber and a stator port leads to the stator chamber. Prior to activation, the rotor and stator ports are misaligned and sealed, but rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator aligns the ports and permits the liquid electrolyte to flow from the rotor chamber through the rotor port, the stator port and into the stator chamber where it mixes with the cathode mix to activate the battery. In a second preferred embodiment, resilient spheres located between the rotor and the stator seal the rotor ports initially, but are rolled out of sealing engagement when the rotor is rotated to initiate activation of the battery.

Abstract: A deferred action battery in which activation is initiated by rotating one part of the battery (the rotor) with respect to a second part of the battery (the stator). A liquid electrolyte is stored within a chamber in the rotor, and a cathode mix is stored in a chamber in the stator. A rotor port leads to the rotor chamber and a stator port leads to the stator chamber. Prior to activation, the rotor and stator ports are misaligned and sealed, but rotation of the rotor with respect to the stator aligns the ports and permits the liquid electrolyte to flow from the rotor chamber through the rotor port, the stator port and into the stator chamber where it mixes with the cathode mix to activate the battery. In a second preferred embodiment, resilient spheres located between the rotor and the stator seal the rotor ports initially, but are rolled out of sealing engagement when the rotor is rotated to initiate activation of the battery.

Abstract: A multi-option deferred action battery which consists of an electrolyte filled ampule which can be broken to activate the battery. This activation can occur with or without external forces such as spin or set-back.

Abstract: In a reserve battery initiator a unitary moulded ampoule (10) containing an electrolyte comprises two portions conjoined by a mechanically weak section (11). The ampoule (10) may be ruptured by a striker (3) which is released when the initiator is subjected to sufficient an accelerative force to overcome a detent mechanism. The ampoule may also contain an insert (12) to transmit to the weak section the force imparted by the striker. The insert (12) may additionally have a cutting effect on the weak section (11). Conveniently the insert is in the form of a frustrum with a narrow end contiguous with the inner face of the ampoule at the location where the striker (3) impacts and a wide end contiguous with the inner face of the weak section (11).

Abstract: A reserve type electrochemical cell has its liquid cell component left separate in a rupturable envelope separate from the battery stack. The envelope is located within a sleeve in a well at the center of the battery stack. Piercing means are arranged in recesses along the side of the sleeve. If the cell is spun about its axis, the liquid cell component forces the part of the envelope into the recesses where it is ruptured, thereby discharging the liquid cell component into the battery stack.

Abstract: A reserve battery having a plurality of galvanic cells and a series of ports through which electrolyte can flow into the cells. A spring activated valve opens the ports during periods of angular acceleration of the battery and closes the ports when there is no acceleration.

Abstract: 1. A reserve battery comprising a cell, spaced electrodes in said cell, a lling aperture in said cell, a frangible sealed ampule containing electrolyte, a plunger adjacent said ampule, a conduit between said ampule and said cell aperture, a body of sealing material, and means for moving said plunger into contact with said ampule to crush same and force electrolyte through said conduit and aperture into said cell, said means being so constructed and arranged that upon further motion of said plunger the body of sealing material is disposed across the aperture to seal same.

Abstract: An acceleration activated battery for use in projectiles, comprising a yieldable support plate for an ampule containing electrolyte, the battery being activated during acceleration as a result of yielding of the support plate and breaking of the ampule. The support plate has an aperture terminating in a support surface for the ampule. The plate is in turn supported from a base through a support pin, which is smaller than the aperture and situated opposite the same. The support plate and the support pin are interconnected via yieldable connection parts. When these parts yield during acceleration the support pin penetrates through the aperture and enters into the ampule for causing reliable activation of the battery.

Abstract: In a reserve battery comprising a plurality of cells, each of which contains plates of different materials immersed in an electrolyte, wherein uniform filling of the cells with electrolyte is ensured by equalizing apertures formed in the partitions between adjacent cells, the electrolyte contains about 0.05 to 5.0 percent by weight of an organic levelling agent as used in electro-plating whereby the rate of growth of filamentary accretions extending from the electrodes is reduced.

Abstract: A reserve battery which includes a plurality of series-connected battery cells which are simultaneously filled with electrolyte from a reservoir through a like plurality of filling conduits formed of electrically-insulating material and connected respectively between the reservoir and the cells. In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of each filling conduit is several orders of magnitude smaller than the area of each cell electrode active surface and the length of each filling conduit exceeds the square root of the filling conduit cross-sectional area by at least two orders of magnitude, to thus minimize intercell short circuits.