Abstract: The present disclosure aims to provide, even when a strong impact is applied to a battery, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery excellent in impact resistance so as not to ignite, smoke, and the like by internal short circuit. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to one example of an embodiment: includes a positive electrode in which exposed portions and are formed at central portions in a longitudinal direction of a positive electrode collector; a positive electrode tab bonded to the exposed portion; an insulating tape adhered to the positive electrode to cover the exposed portion; and an insulating tape adhered to the positive electrode to cover the exposed portion. The insulating tapes are adhered to the positive electrode so that width-direction ends and/or the other width-direction ends are not overlapped with each other in a thickness direction of the positive electrode.

Abstract: A secondary battery cell includes an anode electrode plate, an anode electrode tab, a cathode electrode plate, a cathode electrode tab and a separator. The secondary battery cell winding formation system includes a working platform, a winding mechanism, an anode electrode plate unwinding roller, an anode electrode plate cleaning mechanism, an anode electrode plate die-cutting mechanism, an anode electrode tab supply mechanism, an anode electrode tab connection mechanism, an anode electrode plate convey mechanism, a cathode electrode plate unwinding roller, a cathode electrode plate cleaning mechanism, a cathode electrode plate die-cutting mechanism, a cathode electrode tab supply mechanism a cathode electrode tab connection mechanism, a cathode electrode plate convey mechanism, a first separator unwinding roller, a second separator unwinding roller, a first separator convey mechanism and a second separator convey mechanism.

Abstract: A constrained, wound lithium-ion battery cell with an internal fuse component that exhibits significant improvements in terms of life-cycle times is provided. Disclosed herein are lithium-ion battery structures and configurations utilizing at least one thin metallized film current collector that provides safety features with low thermal runaway potential, low internal resistance, with a simplified manner of providing external electrical conductivity simultaneously. The provision of a highly constrained and wound structure thereof unexpectedly allows for extended charge/discharge cycle life that is significantly improved in comparison with previous wound lithium-ion battery devices. A range of shear and compression forces accords such results, with such forces permissible through various pathways, including winding curvatures, number of windings within the cell housing, hardness of housing, and structural geometries therein.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a roll-type electrode group including positive and negative electrode plates and a tape attached to the outermost circumferential surface of the electrode group. The tape has two adhesion regions including an adhesive layer and a non-adhesion region that is interposed between the two adhesion regions and is composed of a base material layer only. The non-adhesion region straddles the rolling-end edge of at least one of the positive or negative electrode active material layer on the roll inner side of the positive or negative electrode collector and the positive or negative electrode active material layer on the roll outer side of the positive or negative electrode collector in the positive or negative electrode plate when the electrode group is viewed from a roll center axis toward the outside of the roll.

Abstract: A battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a pair of electrode leads electrically connected to the electrode assembly, a battery case configured to accommodate the pair of electrode leads such that the pair of electrode leads protrude at least partially in a front and rear direction of the battery cell, the battery case having an accommodation space formed to accommodate the electrode assembly, and a taping unit configured to integrally cover both side surfaces and upper and lower surfaces of the battery case.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery having desirable safety performance includes a positive plate having a positive film, a negative plate having a negative film, a separator between the positive plate and the negative plate, and electrolyte. The positive film is provided with a first recess and a positive lead is soldered in the first recess. The negative film is provided with a second recess and a negative lead is soldered in the second recess. A first insulating glue layer is formed on an upper surface and below a lower surface of the positive lead. Surface of the positive film corresponding to the second recess is pasted with a second insulating glue layer.

Abstract: A bipolar plate for use in an electrochemical device is proposed, in which a flow duct runs between two outer boundary surfaces and extends from a peripheral fluid inlet to a peripheral fluid outlet. As a result, very good cooling of electrochemical cells via a bipolar plate which is in surface contact therewith can be achieved.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a stand-alone buoy with a seawater battery, which includes a main body formed to have a predetermined buoyancy so as to float on seawater and provided with a seawater space therein and an inlet formed to introduce the seawater into the seawater space, a position notification part installed on the main body and configured to notify a user of a position of the main body, a solar cell part installed on the main body and configured to generate electricity using sunlight, and a seawater battery unit installed in the seawater space to be submerged in the seawater introduced into the seawater space and configured to react with the seawater to store the electricity provided from the solar cell part and to provide the stored electricity to the position notification part so as to operate the position notification part.

Abstract: An electrode assembly in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are alternately stacked, and a separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes comprises: a folding unit, a negative electrode unit, and a positive electrode unit alternately inserted between layers of the separator of which one side and the other side are alternately folded in a zigzag shape in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are stacked; and a stacking unit in which the positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode, each of which is cut by a predetermined size, are sequentially stacked. The folding unit having a Z-folding structure and the stacking unit having a lamination & stacking structure may be bonded to each other. Thus, the positive electrode may increase in area relative to the negative electrode in the folding unit to increase in capacity.

Abstract: A connection module attachable to a power storage element group formed by lining up a plurality of power storage elements is provided with a bus bar (connection member) that extends in a vertical direction and is connected to electrode terminals, an insulating protector having a holding portion that holds the bus bar, and a cover that covers the bus bar. The cover is provided with an intake port and an exhaust port positioned above the intake port, and a ventilation passage through which air can flow in the vertical direction is formed between the cover and the holding portion, the ventilation passage being in communication with the intake port and the exhaust port, and the bus bar is arranged inside the ventilation passage.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a housing in which a plurality of storage cells are arranged. The storage cells are thermally insulated from each other via a device arranged between the storage cells. The device is designed in such a way that the storage cells are spaced apart from each other. The device is made from temperature-resistant material. The device has projections and depressions. The device contains a material which is configured to be subjected to an endothermic chemical conversion when a temperature of 200° C. is exceeded.

Abstract: A machine and process for making a composite battery electrode with a conductive lead cast ribbon extending along and attached to a portion of a carbon fiber material. A lead ribbon may be continuously cast along a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material. The ribbon may be cast along an edge or edges of a longitudinally elongate strip of carbon fiber material.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to an electrochemical cell having a non-homogeneous anode. The electrochemical cell includes a container, a cathode forming a hollow cylinder within the container, an anode positioned within the hollow cylinder of the cathode, and a separator between the cathode and the anode. The anode defines a characteristic gradient between an interior portion of the anode and the outermost surface of the anode adjacent the separator. The characteristic gradient may be defined as, for example, an average active material particle size within the anode that changes as a function of the radial location within the anode or a surfactant concentration gradient that changes as a function of the radial location within the anode.

Abstract: An energy storage device (10) includes: an electrode assembly (400) which includes a positive electrode plate (410) and a negative electrode plate (420), wherein the positive electrode plate (410) includes: a positive electrode substrate (411) which is electrically conductive; a positive electrode composite layer (414) which is formed on the positive electrode substrate (411), and an insulating layer (415), at least a part of the insulating layer being continuously formed on the positive electrode substrate (411) and an edge portion (414a) which is a portion including an edge of the positive electrode composite layer (414), and wherein an uneven portion (415a) is formed in the insulating layer (415) above the edge portion (414a) of the positive electrode composite layer (414).

Abstract: A unit cell including a cell body, an electrode tab (an anode side electrode tab and a cathode side electrode tab) and a sealing member (laminate film). The cell body includes a power-generating element and is formed into a flat shape. The anode side electrode tab and the cathode side electrode tab extend out from the cell body. The sealing member (laminate film) includes a sheet-shaped metal layer and a sheet-shaped insulating layer that covers and insulates the metal layer from both sides to sandwich and seal the cell body. In the sealing member, an exposed end portion of a metal layer is spaced from a surface of the insulating layer, while bending at least a portion of an outer edge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode assembly in which a plurality of electrode stacks are stacked to improve product reliability when manufactured and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly and includes a preparation step of preparing a plurality of electrode stacks in which an electrode and a separator are alternately stacked, a stacking step of stacking the plurality of electrode stacks on each other, a packaging step of wrapping and packaging a circumferential potion of the plurality of stacked electrode stacks using a separator member, and a fixing step of heating and pressing the separator member to fix the plurality of stacked electrode stacks.

Abstract: An all-solid-state battery includes an all-solid-state battery laminate including at least one all-solid-state unit cell in which a positive electrode current collector layer, a positive electrode active material layer, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector layer are laminated in this order, and a resin layer covering a side surface of the all-solid-state battery laminate, wherein the resin layer has a multi-layer structure including a first resin layer and a second resin layer in this order from the side in the vicinity of the side surface of the all-solid-state battery laminate, and wherein the elastic modulus of the first resin layer is lower than the elastic modulus of the second resin layer.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a cell stack part having (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order. The one kind of radical unit has a four-layered structure in which first electrode, first separator, second electrode and second separator are sequentially stacked or a repeating structure in which the four-layered structure is repeatedly stacked. Each of the at least two kinds of radical units are stacked by ones to form the four-layered structure or the repeating structure. The separator has a larger size than the electrode to expose an edge part of the separator to outside of the electrode and the separator. The edge parts of the separators included in one radical unit or in the cell stack part are attached to form a sealing part.

Abstract: A battery pack according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, an enclosure and a battery assembly retained relative to the enclosure. One of the battery assembly and the enclosure includes a groove configured to receive a flange of the other of the battery assembly and the enclosure as the battery assembly is slid into engagement with the enclosure.

Abstract: The present application relates to an electrode assembly and a secondary battery. The electrode assembly includes a cell and a protective layer. The cell includes a cell body and an electrode tab protruding from a top surface of the cell body. In a length direction of the cell, at least one end of the protective layer extends beyond the height at which the anode electrode in the cell body protrudes at the end, and the extended dimension is no more than 3 mm. As such, the burr of the anode electrode of the cell body is wrapped by the protective layer, which alleviates the phenomenon that the burr on the anode electrode pierces the package bag and chemically reacts with the aluminum layer of the package bag, thereby reducing the risk of leakage of the package bag.

Abstract: A cell stack includes adjacent first and second battery cells respectively having a positive cell tab, a negative cell tab, and an outer surface. The outer surfaces are flush. The positive cell tab of the first battery cell protrudes from the outer surface of the first battery cell, and the negative cell tab of the second battery cell protrudes from the outer surface of the second battery cell. An isolative shield is positioned adjacent to the outer surfaces, and defines through-slots receiving therein a respective one of the cell tabs. A method includes providing the cell stack, inserting the cell tabs into the pair of through-slots of the isolative shield, positioning a primary surface of the isolative shield adjacent to the outer surfaces of the adjacent battery cells after inserting the cell tabs, and affixing the primary surface of the isolative shield to the cell stack.

Abstract: In a battery module in which battery cells are inserted and adhered to battery retention sections each having a hole and formed on a holder, an objective is to provide a technology for sufficiently filling the gap between the battery retention section of the holder and the battery cell with an adhesive. A deformable porous layer 40 is formed on an outer circumferential surface 11 of each battery cell 1, and an adhesion layer 4 is formed by impregnating the porous layer 40 with an adhesive. Alternatively, the deformable porous layer 40 is formed on the outer circumferential surface 11 of each of the battery cells 1, and an adhesive layer 46 including an adhesive is formed on the back side in an insertion direction with respect to the porous layer 40.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a cell stack part having (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order. The one kind of radical unit has a four-layered structure in which first electrode, first separator, second electrode and second separator are sequentially stacked or a repeating structure in which the four-layered structure is repeatedly stacked. Each of the at least two kinds of radical units are stacked by ones to form the four-layered structure or the repeating structure. The separator has a larger size than the electrode to expose an edge part of the separator to outside of the electrode and the separator. The edge parts of the separators included in one radical unit or in the cell stack part are attached to form a sealing part.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a cell stack part having (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order, the one kind or the at least two kinds of radical units having same number of electrodes and separators alternately disposed. The one kind of radical unit has four-layered structure in which first electrode, first separator, second electrode and second separator are sequentially stacked or repeating structure of the four-layered structure. Each of the at least two kinds of radical units are stacked by ones to form the four-layered structure or the repeating structure. An outer separator that is a separator among separators of a radical unit positioned at the outermost part of the cell stack part is extended from a side of the cell stack part.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell cassette capable of assuredly suppressing separator deformation and maintaining good battery characteristics. A fuel cell cassette (2) includes a flat plate-shaped single cell (11), a separator (12), a fuel electrode frame, an interconnector and an air electrode insulating frame (15) stacked together. In the fuel cell cassette (2), the separator (12) and the fuel electrode frame (13) are joined by welding. The air electrode insulating frame (15) has gas channels (75, 76) defined therein for flow of oxidant gas. The fuel cell cassette has a welding mark (77) formed on an exposed region of the separator (12) inside the gas channel (75, 76) such that the exposed region of the separator (12) is fixed to the fuel electrode frame by the welding mark (77).

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rechargeable battery including: an electrode assembly that includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a case that accommodates the electrode assembly, in one lateral surface of which a hole is formed, and that includes an opening formed in another lateral surface facing the one lateral surface; a sealing portion that is connected to the hole and seals the hole so that a lateral surface of the case is flattened; a cap plate combined with the opening; and a second terminal that is connected to the second electrode and is protruded outside the case while passing through the cap plate, wherein the hole may have a shape recessed toward the electrode assembly with respect to a surface of the case.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of organic lithium batteries having high energy and power densities. In particular, the present invention relates to an organic lithium battery comprising a positive electrode based on redox organic compounds and a porous separator made of biaxially oriented polypropylene, and to its process of manufacture.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes tape, an electrode assembly, and a case housing the electrode assembly. The electrode assembly and the internal surfaces of the case are thermally adhered by the tape adhered to an external surface of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, there is provided an electrode assembly comprising (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed, the one kind of radical unit having a same number of electrodes and separators which are alternately disposed and integrally combined, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order, the at least two kinds of radical units each having a same number of electrodes and separators which are alternately disposed and integrally combined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode assembly, and more specifically to an electrode assembly for a polymer secondary battery cell, including a cell stack part defined by stacking at least one radical unit having a four-layered structure in which a first electrode, a first separator, a second electrode and a second separator are stacked in turn, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode has a size corresponding to 99.7% to 100% of a size of the first separator or the second separator and thus is aligned to be coincided with or close to an end of the first separator or the second separator.

Abstract: A battery rack includes: a plurality of frames, the frames being coupled to each other to form an accommodation space, and at least one of the frames comprising a mount; and a plurality of battery trays, each of the battery trays being configured to be arranged in the accommodation space. Each of the battery trays includes: a tray body configured to accommodate a plurality of unit packs; and a tray plate coupled to the tray body. The tray plate includes a connector configured to be coupled to the mount to ground the battery tray to the frames. One of the mount and the connector includes a protrusion, and the other of the mount and the connector includes an accommodation part configured to be complementarily coupled with the protrusion.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a cell stack part having (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed and has same number of electrodes and separators which are alternately disposed and integrally combined, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order, and an auxiliary unit disposed on at least one among an uppermost part or a lowermost part of the cell stack part. The one kind of radical unit of (a) has a four-layered structure in which a first electrode, a first separator, a second electrode and a second separator are sequentially stacked or a repeating structure in which the four-layered structure is repeatedly stacked, and each of the at least two kinds of radical units are stacked by ones in the predetermined order to form the four-layered structure or the repeating structure.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery comprises an electrode assembly having an electrode and a separator are alternately stacked and wound, a fixing tape attached to an exterior surface of the electrode assembly to prevent the electrode assembly from being unwound, and a battery case that receives the electrode assembly and the fixing tape therein. The fixing tape comprises a material that is expanded when an electrolyte is impregnated and absorbs an impact in the expanded state to buffer an impact applied to the electrode assembly.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a stack-folding typed electrode assembly including an electrode assembly having a structure in which a plurality of unit cells overlaps and a continuous folding separator is interposed between each overlapping part, wherein the continuous folding separator comprises a continuous porous polymer substrate having pores; and an organic-inorganic porous coating layer formed of a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer, wherein the organic-inorganic porous coating layer is discontinuously provided at the overlapping part, to allow easy impregnation of an electrolyte solution, and reduce the volume compared to a traditional electrode assembly.

Abstract: A secondary battery pack includes: a secondary battery module including battery cells and cooling fins; a first structure formed under the secondary battery module and including a cooling channel and coupling brackets; a second structure which is formed in a shape mounted on side faces of the secondary battery module and includes a printed circuit board; and a cover mounted over the second structure.

Abstract: A battery assembly according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a terminal holder, a terminal at least partially surrounded by the terminal holder, and a bus bar module connectable to the terminal holder. One of the terminal holder and the bus bar module includes at least one locating feature to position the bus bar module in a welding position relative to the terminal.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which swelling due to charge-discharge cycling is inhibited. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a flat electrode assembly in which a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate having a different polarity from the first electrode plate are wound with a separator provided therebetween.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an electric storage device includes: a current collector assembly step of disposing a current collector between an electrolyte solution pouring opening and a power generating element so as to block a view of the power generating element from the electrolyte solution pouring opening; an electrolyte solution pouring step of pouring an electrolyte solution through the electrolyte solution pouring opening; and a sealing step of disposing a sealing member at the electrolyte solution pouring opening and sealing the electrolyte solution pouring opening by welding.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a cell stack part having (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order, the one kind or the at least two kinds of radical units having same number of electrodes and separators alternately disposed. The one kind of radical unit has four-layered structure in which first electrode, first separator, second electrode and second separator are sequentially stacked or repeating structure of the four-layered structure. Each of the at least two kinds of radical units are stacked by ones to form the four-layered structure or the repeating structure. An outer separator that is a separator among separators of a radical unit positioned at the outermost part of the cell stack part is extended from a side of the cell stack part.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a cell stack part having (a) a structure in which one kind of radical unit is repeatedly disposed, or (b) a structure in which at least two kinds of radical units are disposed in a predetermined order. The one kind of radical unit has a four-layered structure in which first electrode, first separator, second electrode and second separator are sequentially stacked or a repeating structure in which the four-layered structure is repeatedly stacked. Each of the at least two kinds of radical units are stacked by ones to form the four-layered structure or the repeating structure. The separator has a larger size than the electrode to expose an edge part of the separator to outside of the electrode and the separator. The edge parts of the separators included in one radical unit or in the cell stack part are attached to form a sealing part.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrode assembly including two or more electrode plates, each of which has electrode tabs, and a separator plate disposed between the electrode plates and/or a one-unit separation sheet disposed between the electrode plates to cover side surfaces of the electrode plates, which constitute an electrode tab non-formation region, wherein the electrode plates are stacked in a height direction on the basis of a plane such that the electrode plates having opposite polarities face each other in a state in which the separator plate and/or the separation sheet is disposed between the electrode plates, a stack constituted by the electrode plates includes electrode plates having different sizes, and an absolute value of the difference in thickness between the electrode plates having different sizes facing each other is 0 to 79 ?m.

Abstract: A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode including zinc, a second electrode including manganese dioxide, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, second, electrode, and separator printed onto a substrate. The device may include a first current collector and/or a second current collector printed onto the substrate. The energy storage device may include a printed intermediate layer between the separator and the first electrode. The first electrode, and the second electrode may include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C2mimBF4). The first electrode and the second electrode may include an electrolyte having zinc tetrafluoroborate (ZnBF4) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C2mimBF4). The first electrode, the second electrode, the first current collector, and/or the second current collector can include carbon nanotubes. The separator may include solid microspheres.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes: an electrode assembly having first and second electrodes of different polarities; a finishing tape that covers a side and a lower end of the electrode assembly with respect to a virtual longitudinal center line perpendicular to a bottom face of the electrode assembly; a case that holds the electrode assembly and has an opening; a cap assembly coupled to the opening and sealing the case; a first current collecting member and a second current collecting member located within the case and connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively; and a first terminal and a second terminal located on top of the cap assembly and connected to the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member, respectively.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes a case, an electrode assembly disposed in the case, and an insulating member disposed in the case, the insulating member being fixed to the electrode assembly, the insulating member including a first portion and a second portion, the second portion extending from the first portion and contacting the electrode assembly at a coated region of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a positive electrode is formed by a process that includes forming a slurry including particles dispersed within a liquid from a electrode formulation and the liquid such that the particles have a particle size distribution D50 of 15 microns or less, coating the slurry on a collector; and drying the coated collector to form the positive electrode. The electrode formulation includes an electrode active material, a conductive carbon source, an organic polymeric binder, and a water-soluble polymer. The liquid consists essentially of water or a mixture of water and an alcohol. When the liquid consists essentially of the mixture, the alcohol is present in an amount of less than 10% by weight, based on the weight of the slurry. When the liquid consists essentially of water, the slurry is formed from the electrode formulation, the liquid, and an arene-capped polyoxoethylene surfactant.

Abstract: Provided is a secondary battery in which a single-layer secondary cell has an all-solid-state secondary cell structure with a storage layer sandwiched between a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer and which is superior to a conventional secondary battery with respect to at least one of volume, operation, and positioning. The present invention provides a secondary battery including a folded single-layer secondary cell formed by folding a sheet-shaped single-layer secondary cell, with a storage layer sandwiched between a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer, two or more times while alternately reversing the folding direction.

Abstract: An electrochemical device including a housing and a stack of electrochemical cells in the housing. Each electrochemical cell includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, a separator located between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and an electrolyte. The electrochemical device also includes a current collector located between adjacent electrochemical cells, an anode bus operatively connected to the anodes of the electrochemical cells in the stack and a cathode bus operatively connected to the cathodes of the electrochemical cells in the stack. The housing, the anode electrode, the cathode electrode, the separator, the anode bus and the cathode bus are non-metallic.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrode group stack including a plurality of electrode groups, each of which includes a cathode, an anode, and a first separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, and a second separator disposed between the electrode groups, wherein the electrode groups are stacked in a height direction on the basis of a plane, some or all of the electrode groups have different areas of opposite stack surfaces at a stack interface therebetween, and the electrode group stack includes an electrode group satisfying equation (1): T?(Tsum×0.5) (1), where T indicates a thickness of an arbitrary electrode group and Tsum indicates a sum of thicknesses of the electrode groups constituting the electrode group stack.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to methods, devices, and systems for fluid delivery to a subject using pumps, for example, non-gassing, direct current (DC), electro-osmotic pumps. In some embodiments, delivery of an aqueous fluid may be achieved by contacting the aqueous liquid with an electro-osmotic pump comprising (i) a cathode (e.g., a cathode comprising porous carbon coated with a cerium oxide-comprising coating), (ii) an anode (e.g., an anode comprising porous carbon coated with a cerium oxide-comprising coating), and (iii) a ceramic membrane (e.g., a ceramic membrane formed by fusing uncoated silica spheres, phosphosilicic-acid-coated fused silica spheres, or borosilicic-acid-coated fused silica spheres, wherein the fused spheres are randomly packed between the cathode and the anode) and/or optionally applying (a) a constant potential difference or constant voltage between the anode and the cathode of from about 0.

Abstract: An onboard power supply apparatus includes: power storage modules each including power storage devices; a pair of brackets configured to come into contact with respective ends of the power storage modules vertically stacked so as to fix at least an upper power storage module to a vehicle; and an insertion portion that is disposed between at least one of the pair of brackets and an end of one of the power storage modules located between terminal portions of the vertically stacked power storage modules, a connecting member used for connecting the terminal portions of the vertically stacked power storage modules being inserted in the insertion portion.