Abstract: The present invention has an object of providing a lithium secondary battery and an electrode for a lithium secondary battery having a superb cycle characteristic. The present invention relates to an electrode for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery including the electrode, the electrode including a current collector and an active substance structure provided on the current collector, wherein the active substance structure includes at least one first layer containing a first material for occluding and releasing lithium ions and at least one second layer containing a conductive second material which does not chemically react with lithium; the first layer and the second layer are alternately laminated; and the second layer has a Young's modulus larger than the Young's modulus of the first layer.

Abstract: A gelled negative electrode contains zinc powder, alkaline electrolyte, and a gelling agent. The specific surface area of the zinc powder is in the range between 0.025 and 0.045 m2/g. The gelling agent contains, as a main component, a cross-linked polymer formed by radical polymerization in a non-benzene solvent, specifically, a cross-linked poly(meth)acrylic acid (or salt) formed by radical polymerization of a (meth)acrylic acid (or slat) in a non-benzene solvent.

Abstract: To provide a surface modified lithium-containing composite oxide having excellent discharge capacity, volume capacity density, safety, durability for charge and discharge cycles, and high rate property. A surface modified lithium-containing composite oxide, comprising particles of a lithium-containing composite oxide having a predetermined composition and a lithium titanium composite oxide containing lithium, titanium and element Q (wherein Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Sc, Y and In) contained in the surface layer of the particles, wherein the lithium titanium composite oxide is contained in the surface layer of the particles in a proportion of the total amount of titanium and element Q in the lithium titanium composite oxide contained in the surface layer to the lithium-containing composite oxide particles is from 0.01 to 2 mol %, and the lithium titanium composite oxide has a peak at a diffraction angle 2? within a range of 43.8±0.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to carbon nano-tube composites and particularly to carbon nano-tube compositions for electrochemical energy storage devices and a method for making the same.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder is disclosed. The blended zinc powder includes selected portions of a first zinc powder and a second zinc powder. In a preferred embodiment, the first and second powders are divided into groups based on ranges in their particle size distribution. Particle characteristics such as roughness and elongation are used to selected groups of both powders that are combined to produce the blended zinc powder. The blended zinc powders enable battery manufacturers to maximize the cell's run time while minimizing the cost of the zinc.

Abstract: Electrode assemblies for use in electrochemical cells are provided. The negative electrode assembly comprises negative electrode active material and an electrolyte chosen specifically for its useful properties in the negative electrode. These properties include reductive stability and ability to accommodate expansion and contraction of the negative electrode active material. Similarly, the positive electrode assembly comprises positive electrode active material and an electrolyte chosen specifically for its useful properties in the positive electrode. These properties include oxidative stability and the ability to prevent dissolution of transition metals used in the positive electrode active material. A third electrolyte can be used as separator between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material including mesoporous silica having mesopores filled with a metal and a lithium battery including the same.

Abstract: The present invention aims to increase the discharge capacity and to improve the cycle life performance in a nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery using a La—Mg—Ni based hydrogen-absorbing alloy as an active material of a negative electrode. The present invention provides a hydrogen-absorbing alloy represented by the general formula (1): M1uMgvCawM2xNiyM3z . . . (1) (wherein, M1 is one or more elements selected from rare earth elements; M2 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Group 3A elements; Group 4A elements, Group 5A elements, and Pd (excluding rare earth elements); M3 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Group 6A elements, Group 7A elements, Group 8 elements, Group 1B elements, Group 2B elements, and Group 3B elements (excluding Ni and Pd); u, v, w, x, y, and z are numbers satisfying, u+v+w+x+y+z=100, 3.4?v?5.9, 0.8?w?3.1, 0?(x+z)?5, and 3.2?(y+z)/(u+v+w+x)?3.

Abstract: An alkaline battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an alkaline electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode includes manganese dioxide and graphite; the cumulative pore volume of pores with diameters of 3 to 5 nm in the manganese dioxide is X (cm3/g), and the weight loss rate of the manganese dioxide when heated from 150 to 400° C. is Y (%), X and Y satisfying 0.005?X?0.011, 3.4?Y?3.9, and ?16.7X+3.58?Y?66.7X+3.17; the negative electrode includes zinc; and the alkaline electrolyte includes an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution.

Abstract: The nickel hydroxide particles for a nickel hydroxide electrode may be treated using an alkaline solution of a strong oxidizing agent such as sodium or potassium persulfate to modify the surface nickel hydroxide structure. The resulting modified surface structure has been found to impart various benefits to electrodes formed from the nickel hydroxide. It is believed that the oxidation of cobalt compounds at the surface of the nickel hydroxide particles results in a highly conductive cobalt compound that plays an important role in the high reliability, high stability and high capacity utilization of nickel electrodes as described herein.

Abstract: A battery includes a separator with a trapping layer that traps dissolved metal ions.

Abstract: Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having excellent input/output characteristics and excellent adherence between its electrode material mixture layer and current collector. Disclosed is an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, having a current collector and an electrode material mixture layer attached to a surface of the current collector, in which the electrode material mixture layer includes a metal oxide-containing electrode active material and a binder; the oil absorption capacity of the electrode active material is 25 g or more and 200 g or less, per 100 g of the electrode active material; and when the thickness of the electrode material mixture layer is designated as T, an amount W1 of the binder in a region 0.1 T thick from the surface side of the electrode material mixture layer, and an amount W2 of the binder in a region 0.1 T thick from the current collector side of the electrode material mixture layer, satisfy 0.9?W1/W2?1.1.

Abstract: Zinc electrodes for use in batteries, the electrode containing an organic gelling agent, an organic binding agent, calcium zincate and an electro-active element. A method of manufacturing such electrodes, and use of such electrodes in primary and secondary batteries.

Abstract: A metal halogen electrochemical energy cell system that generates an electrical potential. One embodiment of the system includes at least one cell including at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode, at least one electrolyte, a mixing venturi that mixes the electrolyte with a halogen reactant, and a circulation pump that conveys the electrolyte mixed with the halogen reactant through the positive electrode and across the metal electrode. Preferably, the positive electrode comprises porous carbonaceous material, the negative electrode comprises zinc, the metal comprises zinc, the halogen comprises chlorine, the electrolyte comprises an aqueous zinc-chloride electrolyte, and the halogen reactant comprises a chlorine reactant. Also, variations of the system and a method of operation for the systems.

Abstract: An electrochemical device, such as an alkaline battery, that is excellent in leakage-resistance and storage characteristics is provided by controlling at least one of the following two conditions with respect to at least the inner side surface of a battery case comprising a nickel plated steel plate. The two conditions are: (1) the intensity ratio of Fe to Ni (IFe/Ni) as determined by electron probe microanalysis; and (2) the ratio of the area with an intensity ratio of Fe to Ni (IFe/Ni) of greater than 1.0 as determined by electron probe microanalysis to the whole area.

Abstract: A thin printed flexible electrochemical cell, and its method of manufacture, using a “picture frame” structure sealed, for example, with a high moisture and oxygen barrier polymer film and featuring, for example, a printed cathode deposited on an optional, highly conductive carbon printed cathode collector with a printed or a foil strip anode placed adjacent to the cathode. A viscous or gelled electrolyte is dispensed and/or printed in the cell, and a top laminate can then be sealed onto the picture frame. Such a construction could allow the entire cell to be made on a printing press, for example, as well as gives the opportunity to integrate the battery directly with an electronic application, for example.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium (Li) secondary battery, a method of forming the same, and a secondary battery, the negative electrode including a tin (Sn) based current collector layer; and a multilayer film on the Sn based current collector, the multilayer film having two or more layers, wherein the multilayer film includes at least one porous layer.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention has a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein a mixture of at least one metal selected from zinc and cadmium having an average particle diameter in a range of from 0.25 ?m to 100 ?m and carbon is used as the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A flow battery electrode assembly with a first impermeable, substantially metal electrode, a second permeable, substantially metal electrode and at least one electrically conductive spacer. The electrically conductive spacer connects the first impermeable, substantially metal electrode and the second permeable, substantially metal electrode such that the first impermeable, substantially metal electrode and the second permeable, substantially metal electrode are spaced apart from each other by an electrolyte flow path.

Abstract: Composite current collectors containing coatings of metals, alloys or compounds, selected from the group of Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi and Se on non-metallic, non-conductive or poorly-conductive substrates are disclosed. The composite current collectors can be used in electrochemical cells particularly sealed cells requiring a long storage life. Selected metals, metal alloys or metal compounds are applied to polymer or ceramic substrates by vacuum deposition techniques, extrusion, conductive paints (dispersed as particles in a suitable paint), electroless deposition, cementation; or after suitable metallization by galvanic means (electrodeposition or electrophoresis). Metal compound coatings are reduced to their respective metals by chemical or galvanic means. The current collectors described are particular suitable for use in sealed primary or rechargeable galvanic cells containing mercury-free and lead-free alkaline zinc electrodes.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder is disclosed. The blended zinc powder includes selected portions of a first zinc powder and a second zinc powder. In a preferred embodiment, the first and second powders are divided into groups based on ranges in their particle size distribution. Particle characteristics such as roughness and elongation are used to selected groups of both powders that are combined to produce the blended zinc powder. The blended zinc powders enable battery manufacturers to maximize the cell's run time while minimizing the cost of the zinc.

Abstract: An alkaline cell having an anode mixture comprising zinc particles, aqueous alkaline electrolyte, and molecular sieve additive. The cathode preferably comprises manganese dioxide. The cell may be cylindrical or any other shape or size. The molecular sieve additive preferably comprises a crystalline aluminosilicate material which is in at least a partially dehydrated state before admixture with the aqueous electrolyte, preferably potassium hydroxide. The aluminosilicate crystalline structure has average pore size between about 3 and 25 Angstrom. The addition of the molecular sieves to the zinc anode improves the cell's discharge capacity and service life. The molecular sieves preferably comprises between about 0.07 and 0.7 percent by weight of the anode mixture.

Abstract: A button-type alkaline battery in which an anode 3 containing an anode active material and an alkaline electrolyte is disposed in a sealed space formed by sealing a cathode housing 4 with an anode sealing member 5, with a gasket 6 being interposed between the cathode housing 4 and the anode sealing member 5. The anode active material includes mercury-free zinc or a mercury-free zinc alloy. The button-type alkaline battery includes a metal layer 7 that is disposed between and in contact with the anode sealing member 5 and the anode 3. The metal layer 7 includes a base material containing zinc, and at least one metal M selected from the group consisting of indium, bismuth, and tin, with the metal M having segregated in the base material.

Abstract: A positive electrode having a surface on which a positive electrode active material composition including a positive electrode active material is formed. The positive electrode includes a first lithium compound having an open-circuit voltage less than 3V with respect to lithium metal, and a second lithium compound having an open-circuit voltage of 3 V or greater with respect to lithium metal. The first lithium compound includes a solid solution represented by Formula 1: xLizM1-yM?yO2-(1?x)LiaM?bMocO3.

Abstract: A composition is provided that includes a ternary electrolyte having a melting point greater than about 150 degree Celsius. The ternary electrolyte includes an alkali metal halide, an aluminum halide and a zinc halide. The amount of the zinc halide present in the ternary electrolyte is greater than about 20 mole percent relative to an amount of the aluminum halide. An energy storage device including the composition is provided. A system and a method are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a magnesium secondary battery. The magnesium secondary battery includes an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte material in which carrier ions, used as carriers between the anode and the cathode at the time of charge/discharge, are received, wherein at least any one of the cathode and the cathode is composed of a spinel crystal structure having magnesium ions Mg.

Abstract: The instant invention is a separator for a battery having a zinc electrode. The battery separator according to the instant invention includes a microporous membrane, and a coating on at least one surface of the microporous membrane. The coating includes a mixture of 25-40 weight % polymer and 60-75 weight % surfactant combination. The polymer is cellulose acetate, and the surfactant combination includes a first surfactant and a second surfactant. The first surfactant, preferably, has an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of organic ethers, and the second surfactant is, preferably, an oxirane polymer with 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Abstract: A cathode (1) is formed by compression bonding a mixture to a cathode current collecting net (5). The mixture includes a cathode active material and an electroconductive material such as graphite powder. The cathode active material is a halide of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. An anode (2) is composed typically of a metallic magnesium plate. A separator (3) composed typically of polyethylene glycol is arranged between the cathode (1) and the anode (2) to avoid direct contact between them. A battery chamber (8) is filled with an electrolytic solution (4) and is hermetically sealed with a gasket (9). The electrolytic solution (4) may be a solution of a suitable metal ion-containing salt in an aprotic organic solvent, such as a solution of Mg(ACl2EtBu)2 in tetrahydrofuran (THF).

Abstract: A three-dimensional electrode structure for use in a battery comprising a porous three-dimensional substrate formed from a first electrically conductive material, an ion-conducting dielectric material disposed on the porous three dimensional substrate, and a second electrically conductive material disposed on the ion-conducting dielectric material, wherein the ion-conducting dielectric material separates the first electrically conductive material from the second electrically conductive material.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode and a method of preparing the same. The electrode of the present invention is prepared by forming a nanostructured conductor comprising a metal or metal oxide on a substrate and forming an active material comprising metal oxide nanoparticles on the surface of the nanostructured conductor. The electrode of the present invention can be used in various electrochemical devices such as energy storage devices including secondary batteries, supercapacitors, etc., photocatalyst elements, thermoelectric elements, or composite elements thereof. Moreover, the electrode of the present invention can be applied to a lithium secondary battery, in which intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions is performed, and especially applied to a negative electrode of the lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: The present application is directed to carbon materials comprising an electrochemical modifier. The carbon materials find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, in lead acid batteries. Methods for making the disclosed carbon materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: A negative electrode includes nanotubes including a metal/metalloid, disposed on a conductive substrate, and having opened ends. A lithium battery includes the negative electrode.

Abstract: Provided are examples of electrochemically active electrode materials, electrodes using such materials, and methods of manufacturing such electrodes. Electrochemically active electrode materials may include a high surface area template containing a metal silicide and a layer of high capacity active material deposited over the template. The template may serve as a mechanical support for the active material and/or an electrical conductor between the active material and, for example, a substrate. Due to the high surface area of the template, even a thin layer of the active material can provide sufficient active material loading and corresponding battery capacity. As such, a thickness of the layer may be maintained below the fracture threshold of the active material used and preserve its structural integrity during battery cycling.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mercury-free alkaline dry battery in which a utilization ratio of zinc as a negative electrode active material is increased to improve a discharge characteristic, the mercury-free alkaline dry battery including: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and a separator, wherein almond-shaped zinc particles 21 are contained as a negative electrode active material. Each of the almond-shaped zinc particles 21 has a length of 1 mm to 50 mm in a long axis direction, both inclusive, and one of ends of the almond-shaped zinc particle in the long axis direction constitutes an acute end.

Abstract: An energy storage device comprising an anode, electrolyte, and cathode is provided. The cathode comprises a plurality of granules comprising a support material, an active electrode metal, and a salt material, such that the cathode has a granule packing density equal to or greater than about 2 g/cc. A cathode comprising greater than about 10 volume % total metallic content in a charged state of the cathode is also provided.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium battery and a lithium battery including the negative electrode, the negative electrode including: a matrix of a Sn grain and a metal M grain; and a carbon-based material grown on the matrix.

Abstract: An anode active material including a metal core and a coating layer formed on a surface of the metal core is provided. The coating layer includes a conductive metal material. The coating layer covering the metal core is carbon-based and includes a conductive metal material. The anode active material has good electron conductivity and elasticity, thereby enhancing charge/discharge capacity and reducing the stress caused by expansion of the carbon-based coating layer and the metal core during charge/discharge cycles. Direct contact between the metal core and the electrolyte solution is remarkably reduced. In addition, anodes and lithium batteries including the anode active material exhibit excellent charge/discharge characteristics, such as discharge capacity and initial charge/discharge efficiency.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is provided such that the positive electrode comprises lead dioxide, the negative electrode zinc, iron, lead or cadmium, and the electrolyte is alkaline. Upon discharge, the lead dioxide is reduced to lead oxide, the metal is oxidized to an oxide, and the electrolyte remains unchanged. The reactions are reversed when the battery is charged.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell capable of providing optimum run times at both high drain rates and low drain rates is disclosed. In one embodiment, the cell's gelled anode incorporates a limited quantity of zinc powder having specific physical characteristics that enable it to discharge efficiently over a wide range of electrical discharge conditions. The anode may also include an electrolyte that is selected to improve the zinc's discharge efficiency.

Abstract: Cathodes for use in open electrochemical cells, open electrochemical cells, and devices comprising the cathodes and open electrochemical cells are disclosed. The open electrochemical cells generally comprise a cathode, an electrolyte, and an anode. One example cathode comprises: (i) a catalyst; (ii) an electronic conductor; and (iii) a hydrophobic gas permeable binder. The open electrochemical cells may function as metal-air batteries.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including: an electrode group which includes a positive electrode containing lithium-containing composite oxide, a negative electrode capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions, and a porous insulator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is sealed in a battery case together with a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein the porous insulator has a Gurley number of 100 sec/100 ml to 1000 sec/100 ml, both inclusive, and an average pore diameter of 0.05 ?m to 0.15 ?m, both inclusive.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite material suitable for use in an anode for a lithium ion battery, the composite material comprising a layer of a lithium-alloying material on the walls of an aligned nanotubular base material. Preferably, the lithium-alloying material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Pb, Al, Au, Pt, Zn, Cd, Ag, Mg, and a combination of two or more of the foregoing.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same, the negative electrode including a current collector; and an active material layer formed on the current collector. The active material layer includes a solid solution of a metallic component, and an active material that is capable of forming a lithium-included compound, the metallic component selected from Cu, Ti, a Cu—X alloy, a Ti—X alloy, and a combination thereof. In the alloys, X is selected from an alkaline metal, an alkaline-earth metal, a Group 13 element excluding Ti, a Group 14 element, a transition element excluding Cu, a rare earth element, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to lithium-ion batteries, and more specifically, to a system and method for fabricating such batteries using thin-film processes that form three-dimensional structures. In one embodiment, an anodic structure used to form an energy storage device is provided. The anodic structure comprises a flexible conductive substrate, a plurality of conductive microstructures formed on the conductive substrate, comprising a plurality of columnar projections and dendritic structures formed over the plurality of columnar projections and a plurality of tin particles formed on the plurality of conductive microstructures. In another embodiment, the anodic structure further comprises a tin nucleation layer comprising tin particles formed on the flexible conductive substrate between the flexible conductive substrate and the plurality of conductive microstructures.

Abstract: An improved Ni—Zn cell with a negative electrode substrate plated with tin or tin and zinc during manufacturing has a reduced gassing rate. The copper or brass substrate is electrolytic cleaned, activated, electroplated with a matte surface to a defined thickness range, pasted with zinc oxide electrochemically active material, and baked. The defined plating thickness range of 40-80 ?In maximizes formation of an intermetallic compound Cu3Sn that helps to suppress the copper diffusion from under plating layer to the surface and eliminates formation of an intermetallic compound Cu6Sn5 during baking to provide adequate corrosion resistance during battery operation.

Abstract: An anode in which an anode active material layer is arranged on an anode current collector. The anode active material layer includes anode active material particles made of an anode active material including at least one of silicon and tin as an element. An oxide-containing film including an oxide of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium and tin is formed in a region in contact with an electrolytic solution of the surface of each anode active material particle by a liquid-phase method such as a liquid-phase deposition method. The region in contact with the electrolytic solution of the surface of each anode active material particle is covered with the oxide-containing film, to thereby improve the chemical stability of the anode and the charge-discharge efficiency. The thickness of the oxide-containing film is preferably within a range from 0.1 nm to 500 nm both inclusive.

Abstract: Relatively disordered mesoporous particulate materials have internal porosity, a surface area of 100 m2/g or greater with a network of pores characterised by a peak in the pore size distribution at a value between 2 and 20 nm and a ratio of the half-height width of the distribution's peak to the pore diameter axis position of the peak of at least 0.6.

Abstract: The present invention concerns electrode materials capable of redox reactions by electrons and alkali ions exchange with an electrolyte. The applications are in the field of primary (batteries) or secondary electrochemical generators, super capacitors and light modulating system of the super capacitor type.

Abstract: An alkaline dry battery according to the invention includes a hollow cylindrical positive electrode mixture including a positive electrode active material; a gelled negative electrode filled into the hollow of the positive electrode mixture and including a negative electrode active material; a separator disposed between the positive electrode mixture and the gelled negative electrode; a negative electrode current collector inserted into the gelled negative electrode; a negative electrode terminal plate electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector; and an electrolyte. The negative electrode current collector includes brass having an average crystal particle size of 0.015 mm or greater.

Abstract: A cathode active material capable of improving chemical stability, a method for producing the same, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the same which has high capacity and good charge-discharge cycling characteristics is provided. The cathode has a cathode active material. The cathode active material includes a coating layer formed on at least a part of the composite oxide particle, the coating layer including an oxide including lithium and an oxide including a coating element of nickel, or nickel and manganese, and a surface layer formed on at least a part of the coating layer and containing molybdenum.