Abstract: A separator for use in laminated multi-layer electrochemical cell device structures. The devices comprise positive and negative electrode layer members of polymeric matrix composition having the microporous polyolefin membrane separator member interposed therebetween wherein the separator membrane includes a polymer coating layer. The separator is treated to provide a deposited coating of a primary plasticizer for the polymer coating layer. The device electrode and separator members are then assembled and laminated at a compressive force and temperature at which the plasticizer film softens the polymer coating of the separator member sufficiently to establish a strong interfacial bond with the matrix polymers of the electrode members and thereby form a laminated unitary cell structure. In another embodiment, the primary plasticizer comprises a component of the electrode polymeric matrix compositions.

Abstract: The nonaqueous secondary battery according to the invention uses a separator 10 which is a composite resin film with a reinforcing material layer 11 integrally filled with polyvinylidene fluoride resin 12 or a separator 20 which is a composite resin film with a polyvinylidene fluoride resin layer 21 and a reinforcing material layer 22 stacked thereon. In this way, when the reinforcing material layer 11 is integrally filled with the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) resin 12, or the reinforcing material layer 22 is stacked on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) resin layer 21, even if the polyvinylidene fluoride resin swells, its swelling is limited by the reinforcing material layer 11, 21 in the directions of width and length so that the separator 10 or 20 does not wrinkle.

Abstract: A battery separator material comprising a nonwoven web of a wettable fiber matrix, wherein the wettable fiber matrix are thermoplastic polymeric fibers blended with at least one hydrophilic melt additive. In alternate embodiments, the nonwoven web further includes binder fibers which may be wettable or non-wettable or combinations of both.

Abstract: This invention discloses a separator for a lithium secondary battery, method for producing thereof, and a lithium ion secondary battery using the thereof. The separator comprises a porous film including a polyolefin resin; and a coating solution coated on the porous film and containing a nonflammable compound and an adhesive resin for fixing the nonflammable compound. The lithium ion secondary battery manufactured by this invention provide an improved safety and better electrochemical performance such as charge/discharge characteristics and cycle life.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment is to a battery separator for a nickel metal hydride (NiMH) battery. The separator includes a wettable, resilient nonwoven web having two spunbond layers sandwiching a melt blown layer. The web has a puncture strength of greater than 6 newtons, a tensile strength of greater than 200 newtons/meter, and an average pore size of less than 20 microns.

Abstract: Non-woven fabrics are disclosed comprising substantially unbonded fibers and vinyl monomers which are capable of reacting with an acid or a base to form a salt directly or indirectly by a reaction involving exposure to ultraviolet radiation while impregnated with a solution of the vinyl monomer copolymerized to the surface of the fibers. Laminates of these non-woven fabrics as well as electrochemical devices employing them as a separator, and methods of treating such non-woven fabrics are also disclosed.

Abstract: An alkaline cell or battery having at least one positive and one negative electrode which are separated by a separator and which are disposed, along with an alkaline electrolyte, in a housing, the separator being a non-woven fabric, a microporous foil, or a web made of one or a plurality of polymers, which are formed by copolymerization or grafting through reactive extrusion, and which have functional groups in the molecule or form them in the alkaline electrolyte, the functional groups being active as Lewis acids.

Abstract: A novel microporous membrane comprising a hot-melt adhesive and an engineering plastics, the methods of preparing such microporous membrane and the uses of the microporous membrane in, e.g., batteries, super capacitors, fuel cells, sensors, electrochromic devices or the like.

Abstract: Non-woven fabrics are disclosed comprising substantially unbonded fibers and vinyl monomers which are capable of reacting with an acid or a base to form a salt directly or indirectly by a reaction involving exposure to ultraviolet radiation while impregnated with a solution of the vinyl monomer copolymerized to the surface of the fibers. Laminates of these non-woven fabrics as well as electrochemical devices employing them as a separator, and methods of treating such non-woven fabrics are also disclosed.

Abstract: A valve-regulated lead-acid cell utilizes an absorptive glass mat separator having a glass fiber surface which is modified by treatment with at least one particular polymer, as by treatment with a polymer emulsion to coat at least part of the glass fiber surface and then sintering to dry the coating, the polymers including polyolefins, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylchlorides, polyacrylonitriles, polyesters, amphiphilic block and graft copolymers, hydrophilic and amphiphilic nitrogen-containing polymers and polyorgano-silica compounds such as polysilanes and polysiloxanes.

Abstract: A recombinant battery element of a lead acid battery including a negative plate, a positive plate and a separator having an additive associated with the separator that improves the overall efficiency of the lead acid battery.

Abstract: A binderless glass fiber mat suitable for use as a separator for valve regulated (“recombinant”) lead acid (“VRLA”) batteries is disclosed. The separator is produced by a dry process by collecting the fibers from fiberizing apparatus, without subjecting them to a wet paper making or other post forming process, and selecting portions of the collected fibers which are sufficiently uniform in thickness and grammage for use as battery separators. The fibers can be entwined to produce a superior separator material. Additives can be introduced during the collection process to enhance the properties of the separator. A battery comprises at least one stack of alternating positive and negative plates, with the separator between adjacent plates. Separators according to the invention are significantly more resilient and have longer fibers than otherwise identical separators made from different samples of the same glass fibers, but by a conventional wet paper making process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the separator for batteries wherein the non-woven cloth comprising fibers mainly composed of polyolefin type resin is provided with hydrophilic property on the fiber surface at least by sulfuric compound and characterized as follows:

Abstract: The separator 10a for use in the alkaline storage battery of the invention comprises densely and uniformly formed over the entire separator and entrained from the surface to the back plane of the separator, first fine paths (pores) 15 rendered hydrophilic and second fine paths (pores) 16 rendered non-hydrophilic. In this manner, the gas generated in the vicinity of the first fine paths (pores) 15 can immediately reach the second fine paths (pores) 16 formed in the vicinity of the first fine paths (pores) 15 and transferred. On the other hand, the ions that attempt passing through the second fine paths (pores) 16 can readily reach the first fine paths (pores) 15 formed in the vicinity of the second fine paths (pores) 16, and hence, the ions can be transferred through the first fine paths (pores) 15.

Abstract: A nonwoven material having a laminated construction and including a first layer of nonwoven fibers defining a first surface of the material; a second layer of nonwoven fibers defining the opposite surface of the material; and a third layer of nonwoven fibers located between the first and second layers. The layers are bonded together to form a laminate. At least one of the nonwoven layers comprises a nonwoven web of meltblown fibers. Additionally, one or more of the layers has been rendered permanently hydrophilic by forming the nonwoven web from meltspun fibers of a normally hydrophobic polymer having a hydrophilic melt additive incorporated therein.

Abstract: A battery separator material comprising a nonwoven web of a wettable fiber matrix, wherein the wettable fiber matrix are thermoplastic polymeric fibers blended with at least one. hydrophilic melt additive. In alternate embodiments, the nonwoven web further includes binder fibers which may be wettable or non-wettable or combinations of both.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment is to a battery separator for a nickel metal hydride (NiMH) battery. The separator includes a wettable, resilient nonwoven web having two spunbond layers sandwiching a melt blown layer. The web has a puncture strength of greater than 6 newtons, a tensile strength of greater than 200 newtons/meter, and an average pore size of less than 20 microns.

Abstract: A battery separator assembly for use in a high-power recombinant battery has increased puncture resistance, mechanical integrity, and oxygen inhibition and includes an absorptive non-woven layer of material adhered to a microporous polymeric layer. The absorptive non-woven layer of material preferably includes absorbent glass mat (AGM), and the microporous polymeric layer preferably includes ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). In a first preferred embodiment, the absorptive non-woven layer of material is positioned adjacent to an electrode of a positive type. In a second preferred embodiment, the microporous polymeric layer is positioned adjacent to an electrode of a negative type.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a thin battery separator having an excellent nitrate group trapping performance and a high piercing strength. The inventive separator for a secondary battery, which can accomplish such an object, is made of a resin composition mainly containing a polyolefin having a hydrophilic functional group, wherein the resin composition has a content (ratio to a total resin amount) of a low-density polyethylene of 20 mass % or less, a piercing strength of 5 to 100 N, a Metsuke of 20 to 75 g/m2, a thickness of 15 to 150 &mgr;m, and an unneutralized hydrophilic functional group amount of 1×10−3 to 5×10−2 mol/m2.

Abstract: Conventional batteries are disadvantageous in that a firm outer case must be used to maintain an electrical connection between electrodes, which has been an obstacle to size reduction. Those in which each electrode and a separator are joined with an adhesive resin suffer from conflict between adhesive strength and battery characteristics. To solve these problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a battery which requires no outer case so as to realize reduction in thickness and weight and yet exhibits excellence in both battery characteristics and adhesive strength. A positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are joined via an adhesive resin layer having at least one adhesive resin layer containing a filler. The adhesive resin layer has pores, which are filled with an electrolytic solution to exhibit sufficient ion conductivity thereby to improve battery characteristics and to retain adhesive strength.

Abstract: A separator paper is provided which simultaneously satisfies the requirements to have a high denseness that can prevent internal shortage due to such as the deposition of the zinc oxide dendrite accompanied by not adding mercury, and a high liquid impregnate properties that can improve heavy discharging properties.

Abstract: An adhesive for batteries a solution of which has improved wetting properties, which affords improved adhesive strength and prevents deterioration of battery performance, and which can provide secondary batteries having an arbitrary shape, such as a thin shape, with high reliability and high charge and discharge efficiency, and a battery using the same are disclosed. An adhesive comprising a thermoplastic resin, a solvent capable of dissolving the thermoplastic resin, and a neutral and aprotic surface active agent is used as an adhesive for batteries for adhering an active material layer joined to a current collector to a separator, whereby a secondary battery which can take an arbitrary shape, such as a thin shape, with high reliability and high charge and discharge efficiency can be obtained.

Abstract: An object is to provide with good productivity a practical lithium ion secondary battery which secures lightness in weight and safety without using a firm battery case and has reduced internal resistivity. The lithium ion secondary battery comprises a tabular roll type laminated electrode body in which a band-formed positive electrode (3) comprising a positive electrode active material layer (7) and a positive electrode current collector (6) alternates with a band-formed negative electrode (5) comprising a negative electrode active material layer (9) and a negative electrode current collector (10), having therebetween a band-formed rolled separator (4) which holds a lithium ion-containing electrolytic solution, the positive electrode (3) or the negative electrode (5) being adhered with two separators (4) by an adhesive layer (11).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic electrolyte electrochemical cell comprising at least one electrochemical couple made up of two electrodes sandwiching a solid film of porous polymer containing the electrolyte, each electrode comprising a porous layer containing an electrochemically active material and a binder, the method comprising the steps of: a polymer is put into solution in a solvent and the solution is spread in the form of a film on a support; the film of solution is immersed in a volatile non-solvent that is miscible with the solvent in order to precipitate the polymer and the polymer film is dried to eliminate the non-solvent; and the couple made up of the polymer film placed between the electrodes and in contact therewith, and impregnated with the electrolyte, is compressed while being heated to a temperature less than or equal to the temperature at which the polymer film starts to melt so as to obtain incomplete melting of the polymer, the electrodes becoming unseparable after cooling.

Abstract: An alkaline battery separator comprising a nonwoven fabric containing one or more mixture layers of entangled short fibers and entangled long fibers, wherein a fiber length of the short fibers is from 1 mm to less than 25 mm, a fiber length of the long fibers is 25 mm or more, and a total thickness of all of the mixture layers accounts for not less than one-third of a whole thickness of the nonwoven fabric is disclosed. The alkaline battery separator according to the present invention exhibits an excellent electrolyte-holding capacity, tensile strength, tear strength and bending resistance, and can be used to stably prepare a battery. Electrode flash rarely penetrate the separator, to thereby cause a short circuit between electrodes.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery having excellent self-discharge characteristics even after a number of charge-discharge cycles is provided. The alkaline storage battery is provided with a case and an electrode group enclosed in the case, and a separator that is included in the electrode group retains at least 15 mg/cm2 of an electrolyte at least in a period after assembling the battery, from the time the separator is impregnated with the electrolyte to the time the battery is activated.

Abstract: A battery separator and a method for manufacturing the same and a battery using the same. The battery separator is excellent in alkaline retaining property, initial alkaline absorption and durable alkaline absorption while maintaining tensile strength and air permeability, by forming functional groups or bonds of —CHO or —C+H—O−, —CO—, and —COO— or —COO−on the surface of the non-woven fabric. The battery shows great wettability with an alkaline electrolyte when incorporated into an battery, and thus, improves the battery life.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hydrophilic polyolefin article comprising a polyolefin article having a coating containing a surfactant and an ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment of a fibrous polyphenylene sulfide or polysulfone is based on the use of a gas mixture of 1 to 5% in volume of elemental fluorine, of nitrogen as carrier gas and of no more than 20% in volume elemental oxygen. The gas mixture affects the fibers until the total fluorine content in the fiber material is between 0.01 and 0.2 percent in weight. The fibers treated in this manner are particularly suited as separator material in electrochemical energy storage devices with an alkaline electrolyte.

Abstract: This invention pertains to separators for use in electrochemical cells which comprise at least one microporous pseudo-boehmite layer, which separator is in contact with at least one protective coating layer positioned on the anode-facing side of the separator opposite from the cathode active layer in the cell; electrolyte elements comprising such separators; electrical current producing cells comprising such separators; and methods of making such separators, electrolyte elements and cells.

Abstract: An object is to provide with good productivity a practical lithium ion secondary battery which secures lightness in weight and safety without using a firm battery case and has reduced internal resistivity. The lithium ion secondary battery comprises a tabular roll type laminated electrode body in which a band-formed positive electrode (3) comprising a positive electrode active material layer (7) and a positive electrode current collector (6) alternates with a band-formed negative electrode (5) comprising a negative electrode active material layer (9) and a negative electrode current collector (10), having therebetween a band-formed rolled separator (4) which holds a lithium ion-containing electrolytic solution, the positive electrode (3) or the negative electrode (5) being adhered with two separators (4) by an adhesive layer (11).

Abstract: A recombinant battery element of a lead acid battery including a negative plate, a positive plate and a separator having an additive associated with the separator that improves the overall efficiency of the lead acid battery.

Abstract: An alkaline battery separator comprising a nonwoven fabric containing one or more mixture layers of entangled short fibers and entangled long fibers, wherein a fiber length of the short fibers is from 1 mm to less than 25 mm, a fiber length of the long fibers is 25 mm or more, and a total thickness of all of the mixture layers accounts for not less than one-third of a whole thickness of the nonwoven fabric is disclosed. The alkaline battery separator according to the present invention exhibits an excellent electrolyte-holding capacity, tensile strength, tear strength and bending resistance, and can be used to stably prepare a battery. Electrode flash rarely penetrate the separator, to thereby cause a short circuit between electrodes.

Abstract: A battery (31) having a battery separator (34, 35, 36) which is made from a cellulose film formed from a solution of cellulose in an amine oxide solvent. The separator performs well in alkaline battery cells to operationally separate the different polarity electrodes (32,33).

Abstract: The thin film of non-protonic electrolyte comprises the microporous polyolefin film impregnated with an immobilized non-protonic electrolytic solution, where the film is treated to have improved affinity for the non-protonic solution by graft polymerization of the film with a monomer which can dissolve the non-protonic electrolytic solution, coating of the film with terminal-modified polypropylene which can dissolve the non-protonic electrolytic solution or coating of the film with wax which can dissolve the non-protonic electrolytic solution. The electrolyte-immobilized liquid-film conductor comprises the microporous polyolefin film impregnated with an immobilized non-protonic electrolytic solution, where the film contains an electron-conductive substance and is treated to have improved affinity for the non-protonic solution. The thin film of non-protonic electrolyte comprising the microporous polyolefin film gives a polymer battery, such as lithium battery, when combined with an anode and cathode.

Abstract: The present invention employs non-woven fabrics of an olefin resin comprising first filaments having diameters in a range of 3 to 10 &mgr;m as a main component and second filaments having diameters in a range of 20 to 40 &mgr;m contained at {fraction (1/200)} to {fraction (1/10)} of the whole filaments, as separators for separating positive electrodes from negative electrodes. The first filaments are formed by splitting the second filaments.

Abstract: A practical lithium ion secondary battery. The battery is light in weight and is safe without using a firm battery case. It also has reduced internal resistivity. The battery includes a tabular roll-type laminated electrode body in which a band-formed positive electrode alternates with a band-formed negative electrode, with a band-formed rolled separator being placed therebetween. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer and a positive electrode current collector. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer and a negative electrode current collector. The separator holds a lithium ion-containing electrolytic solution. The positive electrode or the negative electrode is adhered with two separators by an adhesive layer.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery with improved cycle life and self-discharge characteristics is disclosed. The battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte. For the separator, a material of a woven or nonwoven fabric sheet or a porous film of polyolefine resin of which surfaces have been modified with a hydrophilic compound having a carboxyl group by graft-polymerization. The quantity of carbonates inside the battery is regulated to 150 mg/Ah battery capacity. The quantity of carbonates inside the battery can be regulated to a minimum by optimizing graft polymerization and subsequent washing conditions.

Abstract: Battery separator comprising a consolidated nonwoven mat of ultrafine polymeric fibers in which at least 10% of said fibers have a diameter less than 1 micron and which mat has an average pore size of less than 3 .mu.m. The fiber mat is formed by meltblowing using modified conditions to produce a self-bonded web having the desired content of ultra fine fibers.

Abstract: An alkaline battery separator comprising a nonwoven fabric containing one or more mixture layers of entangled short fibers and entangled long fibers, wherein a fiber length of the short fibers is from 1 mm to less than 25 mm, a fiber length of the long fibers is 25 mm or more, and a total thickness of all of the mixture layers accounts for not less than one-third of a whole thickness of the nonwoven fabric is disclosed. The alkaline battery separator according to the present invention exhibits an excellent electrolyte-holding capacity, tensile strength, tear strength and bending resistance, and can be used to stably prepare a battery. Electrode flash rarely penetrate the separator, to thereby cause a short circuit between electrodes.

Abstract: An alkaline battery separator comprising a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric obtainable from a fiber web prepared by a wet-laid method from (1) dividable composite fibers capable of producing polyolefin fine fibers, (2) high-strength fibers having a single-fiber strength of 5 g/denier or more, and (3) fusible fibers containing at least on a surface thereof a resin component having a melting point lower than a melting point of the dividable composite fibers and lower than a melting point of the high-strength fibers: by dividing the dividable composite fibers, entangling the fibers, and fusing the fusible fibers, to obtain a heat-fused and entangled nonwoven fabric, and imparting a hydrophilic property to the resulting heat-fused and entangled nonwoven fabric; wherein an average fiber length of the constituent fibers of the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric is 10 mm or more, is disclosed.

Abstract: A recombinant battery separator pad is made from a mat of meltblown ultrafine polymer fibers, with the fibers being treated with an agent to render them permanently wettable. The fibers include at least ten percent of less than one micron, with the majority less than five microns. The mat has a liquid porosity of at least 90% and a surface area of at least 1.0 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery cell includes an anode with a major portion of active material, a cathode including MnO.sub.2 doped with bismuth, and a separator between the cathode and anode which substantially prevents bismuth from migrating from the cathode to the anode. The rechargeable battery cell has a high cycle life and does not contain toxic compounds found in conventional rechargeable batteries.

Abstract: A combination separator comprising a single layer of a non-woven, polyolefinic cloth superposed with a single layer of a polyolefinic, microporous film for use in an electrochemical cell, is described. A preferred polyolefinic material for both the non-woven cloth and the microporous film is polypropylene. The redundancy of using two layers of separator is an enhanced safety characteristic of the cell; however, the use of the polypropylene web/film combination adds another dimension to the cell's safety characteristics by imparting the benefits of each type of material.

Abstract: Composition, comprising in homogeneous distribution A) at least one salt containing a lipophilic anion, B) a plasticiser-free thermoplastic randomly segmented polyurethane which is soluble in organic solvents, a polyurea or a polyurethane urea, which components are formed from a) 5-45% by weight of an aromatic, cycloaliphatic or linear aliphatic dilsocyanate, b) 0-20% by weight of a linear or branched C2-C12alkylenediol or C2-C12alkylenediamine, c) 0-75% by weight of a polytetrahydrofuran or aminopropyl-terminated polytetrahydrofuran, d) 0-10% by weight of a polyethylene glycol or aminopropyl-terminated polyethylene glycol, e) 0-75% by weight of a polypropylene glycol or aminopropyl-terminated polypropylene glycol, which composition contains f) 15-95% by weight of a hydroxy-, hydroxypropyl- or aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the percentages relating to the amount of polymer, and the sum of components a) to f) being 100, and C) a nonionic ionophore which forms a complex with Ca++ ions.

Abstract: A nickel-hydrogen secondary battery comprising, a positive electrode containing nickel hydroxide, a negative electrode containing a hydrogen-absorbing alloy, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and containing olefin-containing-polymer based fibers having an ion-exchange group, and an alkaline electrolyte having a normality of 5 or more in concentration, wherein the separator satisfies the following equation (1):{0.409-(X/55)}.ltoreq.Y.ltoreq.{0.636+(2X/55)} (1)where X is a chemical equivalent of alkaline electrolyte per 1 Ah of battery capacity (meq/Ah) and Y is an ion-exchange capacity of the separator per 1 Ah of battery capacity (meq/Ah).

Abstract: The alkaline storage battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and alkaline electrolyte. The separator is a single layer of synthetic fiber non-woven fabric. Treating the separator to increase either the amount of fiber interconnection at the surface or the amount the fibers are broken apart at the surface or both improves separator strength without sacrificing permeability. This prevents internal short circuits, reduces internal pressure, and significantly improves battery lifetime.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery separator comprising (a) a nonwoven web of fibers having a mean diameter of about 15 .mu.m or less and (b) a graft polymerized monomer on the surface of the nonwoven web which renders the nonwoven web spontaneously wettable by an alkaline electrolyte, wherein the nonwoven web comprises at least about 60 wt. % of a first polyolefin having a first melting temperature and no more than about 40 wt. % of a second polyolefin having a second melting temperature which is lower than the first melting temperature, the nonwoven web has been subjected to a temperature between the first and second melting temperatures, and the nonwoven web has a thickness of at least about 50 .mu.m. The present invention also provides a battery containing such a battery separator, as well as a method of preparing such a battery separator and battery.

Abstract: A layer built cell with improved safety having at least one pair of positive and negative electrodes, an electrolytic solution and at least one separator which is present between the pair of electrodes. The separator has a liquid retention rate of at least 1.5 cc/g, the retention rate having been measured relative to retention of propylene carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery separator comprising a nonwoven electrolyte reservoir layer bonded to a nonwoven support layer. The support layer comprises fibers having a mean diameter greater than about 15 microns, and preferably has been calendared to a thickness of less than about 10 mils, with a thickness variability of no more than about 10%. The electrolyte reservoir layer comprises fibers having a mean diameter of about 10 microns or less, and a thickness of less than about 15 mils, and preferably is melt-blown directly onto the support layer. The nonwoven fibers that comprise the electrolyte reservoir layer and the support layer are selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, and combinations thereof. The present invention also provides a battery containing such a battery separator, as well as a method of preparing such a battery separator.