Abstract: A liquid activated air battery includes: an electrode assembly that includes an air electrode and a metal anode; a battery container that is capable of holding the electrode assembly and electrolytic solution; a supply tank for the electrolytic solution to be supplied to the battery container; a drainage tank for the electrolytic solution discharged from the battery container; and pumps as an electrolytic solution flow mechanism that runs the electrolytic solution from the supply tank to the drainage tank through the battery container. The composition of the electrolytic solution supplied to the battery container is kept constant, and stable power output is ensured.

Abstract: There is provided a metal oxygen battery which uses an oxygen-storing material containing YMnO3 as a positive electrode material, and can reduce the discharge overpotential. The metal oxygen battery 1 has a positive electrode 2 to which oxygen is applied as an active substance, a negative electrode 3 to which metallic lithium is applied as an active substance, and an electrolyte layer 4 interposed between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3. The positive electrode 2 contains, as an oxygen-storing material, a composite metal oxide obtained by crushing and mixing a yttrium salt, a manganese salt and an organic acid, primarily calcining the mixture, and thereafter, adding a zirconium salt to the obtained primarily calcined material, and secondarily calcining the mixture, the composite metal oxide containing YMnO3 and ZrO2.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a metal-air battery which can inhibit decrease of discharge capacity and increase of battery's internal resistance caused by the repeated charge and discharge. The metal-air battery comprises: a cathode; an electrolyte layer; and an anode, wherein the cathode, the electrolyte layer, and the anode are laminated in the order mentioned; the cathode comprises a plurality of cathode material layers arranged at intervals; and the direction for laminating the cathode, the electrolyte layer, and the anode intersect with the array direction of the plurality of cathode material layers.

Abstract: A vehicular battery system includes an oxygen reservoir having a first outlet and a first inlet, a multistage compressor supported by the vehicle and having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second outlet operably connected to the first inlet, a cooling system operably connected to the multistage compressor and configured to provide a coolant to the multistage compressor to cool a compressed fluid within the multistage compressor, and a vehicular battery system stack including at least one negative electrode including a form of lithium, the vehicular battery system stack having a third inlet removably operably connected to the first outlet, and a third outlet operably connected to the second inlet.

Abstract: A vehicular battery system includes an oxygen reservoir supported by a vehicle, a vehicular battery system stack operably connected to the oxygen reservoir and a multistage compressor, the vehicular battery system stack including an active material which consumes oxygen from the oxygen reservoir during discharge, at least one sensor configured to generate a pressure signal associated with a pressure in the oxygen reservoir, a memory, and a processor operably connected to the memory and the at least one sensor, the processor configured to execute program instructions stored within the memory to obtain the pressure signal, and control the state of charge of the vehicular battery system stack based upon the obtained pressure signal.

Abstract: A metal/air electrochemical cell in one embodiment includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, an oxygen supply, and a closed oxygen conducting membrane less than about 50 microns thick located between the oxygen supply and the positive electrode.

Abstract: A vehicular battery system includes a vehicular battery system stack including at least one negative electrode including a form of lithium, an oxygen reservoir having a first outlet operably connected to the vehicular battery system stack, a multistage compressor having a first inlet operably connected to the vehicular battery system stack, and a second outlet operably connected to a second inlet of the oxygen reservoir, and a cooling system operably connected to the multistage compressor and configured to provide a coolant to the multistage compressor to cool a compressed fluid within the multistage compressor.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell comprising an electrolyte comprising water and a hydrophobic ionic liquid comprising positive ions and negative ions. The electrochemical cell also includes an air electrode configured to absorb and reduce oxygen. A hydrophilic or hygroscopic additive modulates the hydrophobicity of the ionic liquid to maintain a concentration of the water in the electrolyte is between 0.001 mol % and 25 mol %.

Abstract: A system for managing water content in one or more electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrodes and a liquid ionically conductive medium, includes a first gas-phase conduit for receiving humid gas-phase associated with the electrochemical cell. The system also includes a desiccator unit communicated to the first air conduit and configured for extracting water from the humid gas-phase. The system additionally includes a heater for selectively heating the desiccant to selectively release extracted water from the desiccator unit. The system further includes a return conduit communicating the desiccator unit to the ionically conductive medium for receiving extracted water from the desiccator unit, and directing the extracted water to the ionically conductive medium. Other associated systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A solid ion conductor including a garnet oxide represented by Formula 1: L5+x+2y(Dy,E3-y)(Mez,M2-z)Od??Formula 1 wherein L is at least one of a monovalent cation or a divalent cation, D is a monovalent cation, E is a trivalent cation, Me and M are each independently a trivalent, tetravalent, pentavalent, or a hexavalent cation, 0<x+2y?3, 0?y?0.5, 0?z<2, and 0<d?12, wherein O is partially or totally substituted with at least one of a pentavalent anion, a hexavalent anion, or a heptavalent anion; and B2O3.

Abstract: An air battery which can maintain a good performance and inhibit ingress of water into its housing. The air battery including a power section having an air electrode, an anode containing an alkali metal, and an electrolyte layer conducting ions between the air electrode and the anode; an oxygen-containing solvent showing both hydrophobic nature and oxygen solubility; a housing being configured to incorporate the power section and the oxygen-containing solvent; and an oxygen supply portion being configured to supply oxygen gas to the oxygen-containing solvent. The oxygen-containing solvent being arranged between the oxygen supply portion and the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolyte solution capable of further increasing the output of a lithium air battery, the electrolyte solution for a lithium air battery having a total bonding strength between Li2O2 is no less than 0.14.

Abstract: To provide a metal-air battery which allows rapid and efficient supply of a liquid electrolyte to an air electrode and an increase in charge-discharge capacity. Disclosed is a metal-air battery including an air electrode layer, a negative electrode layer and an electrolyte layer, the electrolyte layer being present between the air electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, wherein the electrolyte layer includes a separator and a liquid electrolyte, the separator having insulating properties and a porous structure, and the liquid electrolyte being infiltrated in the separator, and wherein a liquid electrolyte reservoir layer is present between the separator and the air electrode layer, the liquid electrolyte reservoir layer having a porous structure which is larger in pore diameter than the separator.

Abstract: Mixtures comprising LiPO2F2 and LiPF6 both of which are electrolyte salts or additive for, i.a., Li ion batteries, are manufactured by the reaction of POF3 and LiF. The mixtures can be extracted with suitable solvents to provide solutions containing LiPO2F2 and LiPF6 which can be applied for the manufacture of Li ion batteries, Li-air batteries and Li-sulfur batteries. Equimolar mixtures comprising LiPO2F2 and LiPF6 are also described, as well as a method for the manufacture of electrolyte compositions obtained by the extraction of equimolar mixtures comprising LiPO2F2 and LiPF6.

Abstract: A cell suitable for use in a battery according to one embodiment includes a catalytic oxygen cathode; a stabilized zirconia electrolyte for selective oxygen anion transport; a molten salt electrolyte; and a lithium-based anode. A cell suitable for use in a battery according to another embodiment includes a catalytic oxygen cathode; an electrolyte; a membrane selective to molecular oxygen; and a lithium-based anode.

Abstract: A protective layer can be deposited on a surface of an porous polymer separator placing on a Li-metal electrode to protect against adverse electrochemical activity in a battery. The protective layer can be a multilayered structure including graphene oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of lithium/air batteries and methods of making and using the same. Certain embodiments are pouch-cell batteries encased within an oxygen-permeable membrane packaging material that is less than 2% of the total battery weight. Some embodiments include a hybrid air electrode comprising carbon and an ion insertion material, wherein the mass ratio of ion insertion material to carbon is 0.2 to 0.8. The air electrode may include hydrophobic, porous fibers. In particular embodiments, the air electrode is soaked with an electrolyte comprising one or more solvents including dimethyl ether, and the dimethyl ether subsequently is evacuated from the soaked electrode. In other embodiments, the electrolyte comprises 10-20% crown ether by weight.

Abstract: Some batteries can exhibit greatly improved performance by utilizing electrodes having randomly arranged graphene nanosheets forming a network of channels defining continuous flow paths through the electrode. The network of channels can provide a diffusion pathway for the liquid electrolyte and/or for reactant gases. Metal-air batteries can benefit from such electrodes. In particular Li-air batteries show extremely high capacities, wherein the network of channels allow oxygen to diffuse through the electrode and mesopores in the electrode can store discharge products.

Abstract: Embodiments include an iron-air rechargeable battery having a composite electrode including an iron electrode and a hydrogen electrode integrated therewith. An air electrode is spaced from the iron electrode and an electrolyte is provided in contact with the air electrode and the iron electrodes. Various additives and catalysts are disclosed with respect to the iron electrode, air electrode, and electrolyte for increasing battery efficiency and cycle life.

Abstract: Provided is an oxygen permeable membrane for use in an air secondary battery, which excels in oxygen permeability, barrier performance to water, being capable of preventing electrolyte from leaking out. Such an oxygen permeable membrane includes a thermoplastic resin membrane and inorganic particles having pores having pore diameter of 10 ? or less contained in the thermoplastic resin membrane, in which the thermoplastic resin membrane has one surface on which hydrophobic treatment is effected.

Abstract: An electrochemical device including: a positive electrode including oxygen as a positive active material; a negative electrode including a lithium ion-intercalatable/deintercalatable material as a negative active material; and an electrolytic solution in fluid communication with the positive electrode and the negative electrode and including a solvent and an oxygen absorbing/desorbing material with an oxygen binding rate of about 60 to about 95% in a pure oxygen atmosphere.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a lithium air battery which can use different battery properties according to the current density at the time of discharge. The present invention attains the object by providing a lithium air battery comprising a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an electrolyte layer formed between the cathode layer and the anode layer, characterized in that the cathode layer further comprises a first cathode layer having at least oxygen reduction ability and a second cathode layer having at least Li ion storage ability, and the second cathode layer contains a cathode active material having an average voltage of less than 2.0 V (vs. Li) or an average voltage of more than 2.9 V (vs. Li).

Abstract: Embodiments are related to ionic liquids and more specifically to ionic liquids used in electrochemical metal-air cells in which the ionic liquid includes sulfonate ions as the anion.

Abstract: An aqueous electrolyte battery is provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrolyte, an aqueous electrolyte, and a deposition portion that promotes deposition of discharge product and that is provided at a location that contacts the aqueous electrolyte and that is a location other than at a catalyst included in the positive electrode.

Abstract: A novel process of preparing a Grignard reagent is disclosed. The process is effected by electrochemically reacting a Grignard precursor with an electrode which comprises a metal for forming the Grignard reagent, in the presence an electrolyte solution that comprises a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL). Electrochemical cells and systems for performing the process, and uses thereof in various applications are also disclosed.

Abstract: An electric energy store having a thermally insulated chamber that has a process gas inlet and a process gas outlet is provided. The thermally insulated chamber is equipped with at least two stacks, each of which has at least one electrochemical storing cell, and each stack has a process gas inlet and a process gas outlet. The at least two stacks are serially connected with respect to the process gas flow.

Abstract: A solid ceramic electrolyte may include an ion-conducting ceramic and at least one grain growth inhibitor. The ion-conducting ceramic may be a lithium metal phosphate or a derivative thereof The grain growth inhibitor may be magnesia, titania, or both. The solid ceramic electrolyte may have an average grain size of less than about 2 microns. The grain growth inhibitor may be between about 0.5 mol. % to about 10 mol. % of the solid ceramic electrolyte.

Abstract: There is provided an electrolyte solution including a solvent formed from a sulfone, and a magnesium salt dissolved in the solvent.

Abstract: An energy store is provided having a first electrode, a second electrode, an electrolyte in between, a first redox pair having a first oxidation reactant and a first oxidation product, and a housing, wherein a fluidic redox pair is present in the housing and comprises a fluidic oxidation reactant and a fluidic oxidation product, wherein during the discharge of the energy store, the fluidic oxidation product is reduced, and wherein during the charging of the energy store, the fluidic oxidation reactant is oxidized, wherein the fluidic redox pair in the housing is gaseous, and a pump or a compressor is adapted such that the fluidic redox pair within the housing is held at a pressure which is above the ambient pressure outside the housing. A method for charging or discharging an energy store is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium-air battery, and more particularly, to a lithium-air battery which comprises a gas diffusion-type positive electrode formed in a portion thereof contacting air, and which employs a low-volatility electrolyte, thus exhibiting the effect of preventing volatilization of the electrolyte, thereby enabling the battery to be used over a long period of time without safety problems and without degradation of the charging/discharging characteristics of the battery, and the effect of air flowing into the battery being provided in a quicker and more uniform manner while passing through the gas diffusion-type positive electrode, thus improving the performance of the battery.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnesium metal-air battery in which capacity of a negative electrode made of magnesium or its alloy is sufficiently utilized for battery performance and which has a positive electrode material which is capable of coping with the capacity of the negative electrode. The magnesium metal-air battery includes at least one unit battery cell. The cell comprises a negative electrode made of magnesium or its alloy; a positive electrode-side catalyst layer including, as positive active material, activated carbon for absorbing oxygen in air, anhydrous poly-carboxylate, manganese and metal powder; a positive current collector which is made of conductive material and which is laminated on the positive electrode-side catalyst layer; and a separator which allows passing of ions between the negative electrode and the positive electrode-side catalyst layer while it separates therebetween. The positive electrode-side catalyst layer may further include carbon black, metal chloride and graphite.

Abstract: A separator includes sandwiching sections for sandwiching electrolyte electrode assemblies. A fuel gas channel and an oxygen-containing gas channel are formed in each of the sandwiching sections. Further, the separator includes first bridges connected to the sandwiching sections and a manifold connected to the first bridges. A fuel gas supply channel is formed in the first bridge for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel gas channel. A fuel gas supply passage extends through the manifold in the stacking direction for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel gas supply channel. At the time of starting operation, the heated air is distributed to the oxygen-containing gas channel and the fuel gas channel through a circumferential portion of the electrolyte electrode assembly.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a precipitation zone located between the negative electrode and the positive electrode and in fluid communication with the positive electrode, and a fluid electrolyte within the positive electrode and the precipitation zone, wherein the precipitation zone is configured such that a discharge product which is produced as the cell discharges is preferentially precipitated within the precipitation zone.

Abstract: The conductive porous layer for batteries according to the present invention comprises a laminate comprising a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer. The first conductive layer includes at least a conductive carbon material and a polymer. The second conductive layer includes at least a conductive carbon material and a polymer. The conductive porous layer satisfies at least one of the following two conditions: “the polymer in the first conductive layer is present with a high density at the surface of the layer in contact with the second conductive layer than at the surface not in contact with the second conductive layer” and “the polymer in the second conductive layer is present with a higher density at the surface of the layer in contact with the first conductive layer than at the surface not in contact with the first conductive layer.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a metal-air battery that contains 10 to 80% by mass of methyl difluoroacetate.

Abstract: A metal-air battery that includes a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, in which a metal porous body is further provided between the negative electrode layer and the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Active metal oxygen battery cells and active metal oxygen battery flow systems are configurable to achieve very high energy density. The cells and flow systems include an active metal anode and a cathode in contact with an organic liquid phase oxygen-carrying compound for storing and delivering molecular oxygen to the cathode whereon the molecular oxygen is electro-reduced during cell discharge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell for generating electrical power that includes an anode, a cathode, a charging electrode and an ionically conductive medium containing at least metal fuel ions and an additive for enhancing at least one electrochemical reaction in the cell. The cell also includes an additive sorbent material in contact with the ionically conductive medium that contains an excess amount of the additive, the sorbent material configured to release the excess additive to the ionically conductive medium as concentration of the additive in the ionically conductive medium is reduced during operation of the cell.

Abstract: Non-aqueous alkali metal (e.g., Li)/oxygen battery cells constructed with a protected anode that minimizes anode degradation and maximizes cathode performance by enabling the use of cathode performance enhancing solvents in the catholyte have negligible self-discharge and high deliverable capacity. In particular, protected lithium-oxygen batteries with non-aqueous catholytes have this improved performance.

Abstract: A lithium-air battery cell with an electrolyte composition comprising LiPO2F2 is described. The electrolyte composition comprises an electrolyte solvent, for example, one or more non-fluorinated solvents, e.g. ethylene carbonate, a dialkyl carbonate or propylene carbonate, and/or one or more fluorinated organic solvents, e.g. fluoroethylene carbonate, cis-difluoroethylene carbonate, trans-difluoroethylene carbonate, 4,4-di-fluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoroethylene carbonate, tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 4-fluoro-4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 2,2,2-tri-fluoroethyl-methyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-fluoromethyl carbonate are preferred. The solvent may further comprise other additives. Also described is a vehicle battery, especially a car battery constituted of a multitude of lithium-air battery cells of the invention. The battery can be used to provide electrical energy to consumers for electric current including an electric motor driving the vehicle.

Abstract: A method of producing a metal-air button cell including a housing, an air cathode, a metal-based anode and a separator arranged in the housing, the method including printing the air cathode in the form of a planar layer onto a planar substrate by a screen printing process, wherein a paste including a solvent and/or suspending agent, particles made of an electro-catalytically active material, and binder particles made of a hydrophobic plastic material is used for printing, and inserting the laminar composite structure obtained during printing and which includes the planar substrate and the air cathode applied thereto into the housing and combined with the metal-based anode, wherein the planar substrate, onto which the air cathode is printed, is the separator.

Abstract: A lithium-air cell includes a negative electrode; an air positive electrode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte which includes an anion receptor that may be represented by one or more of the formulas.

Abstract: A main objective of the present invention is to provide an air secondary battery which can suppress the deterioration in charge-discharge properties caused by the oxygen generated in an air cathode layer at the time of charge. The present invention solves the problems by providing an air secondary battery which comprises: an air cathode which has an air cathode layer containing a conductive material and an air cathode current collector which collects current of the air cathode layer; an anode which has an anode layer containing an anode active material and an anode current collector which collects current of the anode layer; and a permeation preventing layer which is formed on the surface of the side of the anode layer of the air cathode layer, made of a nonaqueous polymer electrolyte, and which prevents the permeation of the oxygen generated in the air cathode layer at the time of charge.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a first electrode configured to operate as an anode to oxidize a fuel when connected to a load. The first electrode includes a permeable electrode body configured to allow flow of an ionically conductive medium therethrough. An electrode holder includes a cavity for holding the first electrode. A diffuser is positioned in the cavity between the first electrode and the electrode holder with a gap formed between the diffuser and the electrode holder. The diffuser includes openings configured to allow flow of the ionically conductive medium therethrough and to distribute the flow through the first electrode. A second electrode is positioned in the cavity on a side of the first electrode that is opposite the diffuser, and is configured to operate as a cathode when connected to the load and in contact with the ionically conductive medium.

Abstract: A lithium ion conductor represented by Formula 1: Li1+x+2yAlxMgyM2?x?y(PO4)3 ??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M includes at least one of titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and tin (Sn), 0<x<0.6, and 0<y<0.2.

Abstract: A solid ion conductor including a garnet oxide represented by Formula 1: L5+xE3(Mez,M2-z)Od??Formula 1 wherein L includes Li and is at least one of a monovalent cation and a divalent cation; E is a trivalent cation; Me and M are each independently one of a trivalent, tetravalent, pentavalent, and hexavalent cation; 0<x?3, 0?z<2, and 0<d?12; and O is partially or totally substituted with at least one of a pentavalent anion, a hexavalent anion, and a heptavalent anion.

Abstract: An ionic liquid increases power density and discharge capacity in an air battery. Also, to provide a liquid electrolyte for lithium air batteries and an air battery, both of which include the ionic liquid. The ionic liquid for air batteries in which the cation has a structure represented by the following general formulae (1), (2) or (3): wherein R1 to R4 are independent of each other, and R1 to R4 are each an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like; wherein R5 to R7 are independent of each other, and R5 to R7 are each an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like; wherein R8 to R10 are independent of each other, and R8 to R10 are each an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte air battery with large discharge capacity and excellent rate characteristics. Disclosed is a non-aqueous electrolyte air battery including an air cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte present between the air cathode and anode, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte includes an ionic liquid as the solvent, the ionic liquid including bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide as the anion portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal-air fuel cell based on a solid oxide electrolyte employing metal nanoparticles as fuel. The metal-air fuel cell includes an anode, a cathode, a solid oxide electrolyte and a metal fuel, wherein the metal fuel comprises metal nanoparticles having an average particle diameter ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm. The metal nanoparticles have a low melting point and provide high reactivity. Thus, the metal-air fuel cell forms a metal molten phase at a relatively low temperature thereby improving contactability and has improved reactivity to promote oxidation, thereby enabling highly efficient power generation.

Abstract: A metal/air battery in one embodiment includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, wherein the pressure within the positive electrode is maintained at or above 10 bar with compression energy provided by electrons driving electrochemical reaction in the battery during charging of the metal/air battery.