Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition, a method for fabricating the same and a fuel cell including the same. The catalyst composition provided by the present invention includes: a catalyst carrier; and a metal solid solution, disposed on the surface of the catalyst carrier, in which the metal solid solution includes palladium and a second metal, and the second metal is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, ruthenium, nickel, silver and manganese. Accordingly, the catalyst composition provided by the present invention can exhibit excellent catalytic characteristics, and can be applied in a fuel cell to enhance the electrochemical properties and stability of the fuel cell.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment includes an electrode including an embedded compressible or shape changing component.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxygen gas diffusion cathode for sodium chloride electrolysis comprising: a porous conductive substrate comprising silver, a hydrophobic material and a carbon material; a catalyst comprising silver and palladium, coated on the porous conductive substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ink for producing catalyst layers for electrochemical devices. The ink comprises catalyst material, ionomer material, water and at least one organic solvent. The organic solvent belongs to the class of tertiary alcohol's and/or the class of aliphatic diketones and bears functional groups which are stable to oxidative degradation in the ink. This prevents formation of decomposition products in the ink. The ink of the invention displays a high storage stability and is used for producing catalyst-coated substrates for electrochemical devices, in particular fuel cells (PEMFCs, DMFCs).

Abstract: The invention provides an electrode comprising an electrically conductive material having a surface capable of producing surface enhanced Raman scattering of incident light from a complex adsorbed at the surface of the electrode, the complex including the electrically conductive material combined with a second material that is substantially reducible and not substantially oxidizable. The surface of the electrode can be microroughened. The invention also includes a method for making various embodiments of the electrode, and a method of generating electricity using the electrode. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a fuel cell is provided including the electrode of the invention.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for a fuel cell, a method of preparing the same, an electrode for a fuel cell including the supported catalyst, and a fuel cell including the electrode. The supported catalyst for the fuel cell includes a graphite based catalyst carrier; a first catalyst metal particle adsorbed on the surface of the graphite based catalyst carrier, wherein the amount of the first catalyst metal particle is at least 30 wt % based on the supported catalyst; and a second catalyst metal particle impregnated on the surface of the first catalyst metal particle. The supported catalyst for a fuel cell uses a graphite based catalyst carrier to increase durability of the fuel cell. Accordingly, the supported catalyst for the fuel cell provides superior energy density and fuel efficiency, by minimizing the loss of a metal catalyst impregnated in the graphite based catalyst carrier and regulating the amount of the impregnated metal catalyst.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell having comparable electrochemical activity as a platinum electrode catalyst but is much cheaper than the platinum electrode catalyst has a structure in which palladium and at least one metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of nickel, gold, iron, and silver, and combinations thereof, are supported on a tungsten carbide and carbon mesoporous composite support. A membrane electrode assembly and a fuel cell including the electrode catalyst also has comparable electrochemical activity as a platinum electrode catalyst but is also much cheaper than the platinum electrode catalyst.

Abstract: A chemical composition is provided having the formula: M—SnOx.yH2O M is a platinum group metal and x and y are positive numbers. The hydrous platinum tin oxide may be used in the cathode of a fuel cell as a catalyst for oxygen reduction.

Abstract: An element being an electrode (23) for an electrochemical cell (27), which comprises an electrically conductive substrate (28) and an electrically conductive corrosion resistant coating (29) comprising a multielement material, which coating is formed on and at least partially covering said conducting substrate, is disclosed. There is also disclosed a method in manufacturing of such electrode and a use of the multielement material for corrosion protection of an electrode for an electrochemical cell. The multielement material has a composition of at least one of a carbide or nitride described by the formula MqAyXz, where M is a transition metal or a combination of transition metals, A is a group A element or a combination of group A elements, X is carbon or nitrogen or both, and z and at least one of q and y are numbers above zero.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a method including applying a first ink comprising carbon over a substrate and drying the first ink to form a first electrode layer, applying a second ink including a second catalyst over the first electrode layer and drying the second ink to form a second electrode layer, and applying a third ink comprising an ionomer solution over the second electrode layer and drying the third ink to form an ionomer overcoat.

Abstract: An electrocatalyst including an active catalyst component and an additive including a transitional metal, transitional metal oxide or complex precursor thereof, products including such an electrocatalyst and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: According to at least one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell catalyst formed from a metallic alloy of one or more catalyst metals and one or more leachable metals through potential cycling to remove at least a portion of the leachable metals such that an effective catalytic surface area of the fuel cell catalyst per a given amount of the catalyst metals is enhanced after removal of the at least a portion of the one or more leachable metals.

Abstract: A supported catalyst includes a carbonaceous catalyst support and first metal-second metal alloy catalyst particles adsorbed on the surface of the carbonaceous catalyst support, wherein the difference between a D10 value and a D90 value is in the range of 0.1 to 10 nm, wherein the D10 value is a mean diameter of a randomly selected 10 wt % of the first metal-second metal alloy catalyst particles and the D90 value is a mean diameter of a randomly selected 90 wt % of the alloy catalyst particles. The supported catalyst has excellent membrane efficiency in electrodes for fuel cells due to uniform alloy composition of a catalyst particle and supported catalysts that do not agglomerate.

Abstract: A durable catalyst support/catalyst is capable of extended water gas shift operation under conditions of high temperature, pressure, and sulfur levels. The support is a homogeneous, nanocrystalline, mixed metal oxide of at least three metals, the first being cerium, the second being Zr, and/or Hf, and the third importantly being Ti, the three metals comprising at least 80% of the metal constituents of the mixed metal oxide and the Ti being present in a range of 5% to 45% by metals-only atomic percent of the mixed metal oxide. The mixed metal oxide has an average crystallite size less than 6 nm and forms a skeletal structure with pores whose diameters are in the range of 4-9 nm and normally greater than the average crystallite size. The surface area of the skeletal structure per volume of the material of the structure is greater than about 240 m2/cm3. The method of making and use are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing a highly dispersed carbon supported metal catalyst, including charging a carbon support and a dispersing agent in water. The carbon support is evenly dispersed in water with an average diameter of 10 nm to 2000 nm and a specific surface area of 50 m2/g to 1500 m2/g. A metal salt of Pd, Pt, or combinations thereof is formed on the carbon support surface and then reduced to a valance state less than (IV).

Abstract: The anode catalyst for a fuel cell, the anode catalyst containing a Pd—Au—Sn alloy. The anode catalyst has an equivalent catalyst performance to that of platinum-based catalysts but costs significantly less.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises: a plurality of electrode structures comprising an anode and a cathode, and polymer electrolyte membrane held between the anode and the cathode, and a plurality of separators for holding the respective electrode structures, with a fuel gas passage for supplying and discharging fuel gas containing hydrogen on a surface opposing the anode; and an oxidant gas passage for supplying and discharging oxidant gas on a surface opposing the cathode. The catalyst layer of the anode comprises a mixture of an ion conductive material, a platinum powder and/or platinum alloy powder and a carbon, the platinum powder and/or platinum alloy powder and carbon substantially exist independently from each other, and the catalyst layer of the cathode comprises a metal support mixture in which the ion conductive material and the electro-conductive material having the supported catalyst material are mixed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier for a fuel cell including a cryogel-type carbon. A catalyst of the fuel cell includes the cryogel-type carbon and an active material. One of an anode and cathode of the fuel cell has the catalyst including cryogel-type carbon. The carrier for a fuel cell has excellent porosity, specific surface area, and density characteristics, and thus is capable of improving catalyst activity due to excellent catalyst-supporting efficiency, and thereby cell performance.

Abstract: The present invention is related to fuel cells and fuel cell cathodes, especially for fuel cells using hydrogen peroxide, oxygen or air as oxidant. A supported electrocatalyst (204) or unsupported metal black catalyst (206) of cathodes according to an embodiment of the present invention is bonded to a current collector (200) by an intrinsically electron conducting adhesive (202). The surface of the electrocatalyst layer is coated by an ion-conducting ionomer layer (210). According to an embodiment of the invention these fuel cells use cathodes that employ ruthenium alloys RuMeIMeII such as ruthenium-palladium-iridium alloys or quaternary ruthenium-rhenium alloys RuMeIMeIIRe such as ruthenium-palladium-iridium-rhenium alloys as electrocatalyst (206) for hydrogen peroxide fuel cells. Other embodiments are described and shown.

Abstract: A direct methanol fuel cell is described. The DMFC uses a solid electrolyte that prevents methanol crossover. Optional chemical barriers may be employed to prevent CO2 contamination of the electrolyte.

Abstract: An electrode of an electrochemical cell and a method for fabricating the same is provided. The electrode is prepared by depositing ionomers to the catalyst layer of an electronic conductive layer, e.g. catalysts-coated carbon cloths. The ionomers are controllably deposited into the catalyst layer by applying a voltage. As a result, ionic conduction is enhanced and the reaction area of the three-phase-boundary region is increased.

Abstract: A methanol-tolerant cathode catalyst and a membrane electrode assembly for fuel cells that includes such a cathode catalyst. The cathode catalyst includes a support having at least one transition metal in elemental form and a chalcogen disposed on the support. Methods of making the cathode catalyst and membrane electrode assembly are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrode comprising an electrically conductive material having a surface capable of producing surface enhanced Raman scattering of incident light from a complex adsorbed at the surface of the electrode, the complex including the electrically conductive material combined with a second material that is substantially reducible and not substantially oxidizable. The surface of the electrode can be microroughened. The invention also includes a method for making various embodiments of the electrode, and a method of generating electricity using the electrode. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a fuel cell is provided including the electrode of the invention.

Abstract: A direct fuel cell comprises a cathode comprising electroactive catalyst material; and an anode assembly comprising an anode having a porous layer and electroactive catalyst material in the porous layer. The electrode characteristics of the anode assembly are selected so that fuel supplied to the anode is reacted within the anode so that cross-over from the anode to the cathode does not have more than a 10% negative effect on voltage or a 25 mV voltage loss when at peak power and steady state conditions. The anode and cathode each have a first major surface facing each other in non-electrical contact and without a microporous separator or ion exchange membrane therebetween.