Including Rhodium, Ruthenium, Or Osmium Catalyst Patents (Class 429/526)
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Patent number: 8679705Abstract: An electrode for fuel cells including a catalyst layer containing a benzoxazine monomer, a catalyst and a binder, and a fuel cell employing the electrode. The electrode for the fuel cells contains an even distribution of benzoxazine monomer, which is a hydrophilic (or phosphoric acidophilic) material and dissolves in phosphoric acid but does not poison catalysts, thereby improving the wetting capability of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) within the electrodes and thus allowing phosphoric acid to permeate first into micropores in electrodes. As a result, flooding is efficiently prevented. That is, liquid phosphoric acid existing in large amount within the electrodes inhibits gas diffusion which; this flooding occurs when phosphoric acid permeates into macropores in the electrodes. This prevention of flooding increases the three-phase interfacial area of gas (fuel gas or oxidized gas)-liquid (phosphoric acid)-solid (catalyst).Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2007Date of Patent: March 25, 2014Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hee-young Sun, Seong-woo Choi, Tae-young Kim
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Publication number: 20140080037Abstract: An electrode for a fuel cell including a gas diffusion layer, and a catalyst layer bound to at least one surface of the gas diffusion layer and including a catalyst and a binder; and a fuel cell including the electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 23, 2013Publication date: March 20, 2014Applicant: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventors: Suk-gi HONG, Jung-ock Park, Ki-chun KIL, Seong-eun PARK, Un-gyu PAIK
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Patent number: 8663866Abstract: A proton exchange membrane and a membrane electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell such as a fuel cell are provided. A catalytically active component is disposed within the membrane electrode assembly. The catalytically active component comprises particles containing a metal oxide such as silica, metal or metalloid ions such as ions that include boron, and a catalyst. A process for increasing peroxide radical resistance in a membrane electrode is also provided that includes the introduction of the catalytically active component described into a membrane electrode assembly.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2007Date of Patent: March 4, 2014Assignee: E I du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Kimberly Gheysen Raiford, Junaid Ahmed Siddiqui
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Patent number: 8632929Abstract: An oxygen reduction electrode and a fuel cell including the same are provided. A catalyst layer of the oxygen reduction electrode includes a metalloporphyrin derivative as an additive. Accordingly, the oxygen reduction electrode can increase oxygen concentration and can easily form a triple phase boundary by reducing a flooding phenomenon caused by an electrolyte. A fuel cell including the same is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2006Date of Patent: January 21, 2014Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Woo-sung Jeon, Sang-Hyuk Suh, Suk-gi Hong
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Patent number: 8609743Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells, which is characterized in that a radically polymerizable monomer is graft-polymerized to a resin without using a photopolymerization initiator by bringing the radically polymerizable monomer into contact with the resin after irradiating the resin with ultraviolet light. The electrolyte membrane for fuel cells obtained by ultraviolet irradiation graft polymerization has both excellent oxidation resistance and excellent mechanical characteristics. By using such an electrolyte membrane, there can be obtained a fuel cell exhibiting extremely high performance.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 2008Date of Patent: December 17, 2013Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventor: Mitsuhito Takahashi
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Publication number: 20130330650Abstract: A catalyst layer including: (i) a first catalytic material, wherein the first catalytic material facilitates a hydrogen oxidation reaction suitably selected from platinum group metals, gold, silver, base metals or an oxide thereof; and (ii) a second catalytic material, wherein the second catalytic material facilitates an oxygen evolution reaction, wherein the second catalytic material includes iridium or iridium oxide and one or more metals M or an oxide thereof, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of transition metals and Sn, wherein the transition metal is preferably selected from the group IVB, VB and VIB; and the first catalytic material is supported on the second catalytic material. The catalyst can be used in fuel cells, supported on electrodes or polymeric membranes for increasing tolerance to cell voltage reversal.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 27, 2012Publication date: December 12, 2013Inventors: Jonathan David Brereton Sharman, Brian Ronald Charles Theobald, Edward Anthony Wright
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Patent number: 8597853Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell including a carbon-based carrier and an active metal supported in the carrier, for example, an electrode catalyst for a fuel cell includes a carrier and an active metal supported in the carrier, wherein the electrode catalyst has an X value of 95 to 100% in Equation 1. X(%)=(XPS measurement value)/(TGA measurement value)×100??[Equation 1] wherein, the XPS measurement value represents a quantitative amount of the active metal present on a surface of the electrode catalyst, the TGA measurement value represents the XPS measurement value using a monochromated Al K?-ray, which is the quantitative amount of total active metal supported in the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2010Date of Patent: December 3, 2013Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Myoung-Ki Min, Geun-Seok Chai, Hee-Tak Kim, Tae-Yoon Kim, Sang-Il Han, Kah-Young Song, Sung-Yong Cho
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Patent number: 8592099Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell includes an anode and a cathode facing each other and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween. At least one of the anode and the cathode includes a conductive electrode substrate and a catalyst layer formed thereon, and the catalyst layer includes a first catalyst layer including a first metal catalyst that grows from the polymer electrolyte membrane toward the electrode substrate and a second catalyst layer including a second metal catalyst covering the first catalyst layer.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 2013Date of Patent: November 26, 2013Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sang-II Han, In-Hyuk Son
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Publication number: 20130309595Abstract: Disclosed are metallized carbonaceous materials, processes for forming such materials, and electrodes and fuel cells comprising the disclosed materials.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 26, 2013Publication date: November 21, 2013Applicant: DREXEL UNIVERSITYInventors: Yossef A. Elabd, Yury Gogotsi, Benjamin Eirich, Daniel Shay
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Publication number: 20130280637Abstract: Provided are a fuel cell electrode and a membrane electrode assembly in which catalyst particles are prevented from dissolving and the function of added catalyst can be sufficiently exerted when the fuel cell is operating at high current density. The fuel cell electrode includes an electrode material containing: an electrocatalyst having catalyst particles supported on a conductive support; a first ion conductor having anion conductivity; and a second ion conductor having a cation conductivity, the first and second ion conductors covering the electrocatalyst. The first ion conductor is provided to cover the catalyst particles, and the second ion conductor is provided to cover the first ion conductor and exposed part of the conductive support. The membrane electrode assembly includes the fuel cell electrode as at least one of the anode and cathode.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 13, 2011Publication date: October 24, 2013Inventor: Norifumi Horibe
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Publication number: 20130230794Abstract: A catalytic electrode may include a complex oxide deposited on a substrate. The complex oxide maybe an oxide of an alloy of ruthenium and another less expensive metal, including without limitation cobalt and manganese. The percentage of ruthenium in the complex oxide can be reduced to about 20 percent or less, while still allowing the electrode to maintain adequate electrocatalytic activity during redox reactions at the electrode. Electrodes can be synthesized using RuCo oxides with ruthenium content reduced to about 5%, or using RuMn oxides having ruthenium content reduced to about 10%, while maintaining good catalytic activity. These electrodes may be used in electrochemical cells including without limitation fuel cells, flow batteries and regenerative fuel cells such as halogen fuel cells or hydrogen-halogen fuel cells. These electrodes may also be used in electrolytic cells.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 8, 2011Publication date: September 5, 2013Applicant: PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGEInventors: Sujit Kumar Mondal, Jason S. Rugolo, Brian Huskinson, Michael J. Aziz
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Publication number: 20130224522Abstract: A technology is provided that is capable of improving deterioration of a fuel cell due to non-stationary operation (startup/shutdown, fuel depletion). An anode-side catalyst composition comprising a catalyst having catalyst particles carried on electrically conductive material and an ion exchange resin, characterized in that the catalyst particle are formed of an alloy, of which oxygen reduction capability and water electrolysis are both lower than those of platinum, and which has hydrogen oxidation capability.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 26, 2011Publication date: August 29, 2013Applicant: W. L. GORE & ASSOCIATES, CO., LTD.Inventors: Masashi Maruyama, Atsushi Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Kawaguchi, Takuya Kosaka
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Patent number: 8518606Abstract: The catalyst thin layer consists of electronically conductive catalyst nano-particles embedded in a polymeric matrix. The ratio number of catalyst atoms/total number of atoms in the catalyst layer is comprised between 40% and 90%, more preferably between 50% and 60%.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2008Date of Patent: August 27, 2013Assignees: Commissariat a l'energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Universita Degli Studi di BariInventors: Steve Martin, Riccardo D'agostino, Antoine Latour, Antonella Milella, Fabio Palumbo, Jessica Thery
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Publication number: 20130216923Abstract: The present invention relates to an electro-catalyst M?aIrbMc, wherein M? is selected from the group consisting of Pt, Ta and Ru, and wherein the molar ratio a:b is within the range of 85:15 to 50:50 and the molar ratio a:c is within the range of 50:50 to 95:5, both calculated as pure metal and wherein M is selected from metals from Groups 3-15 of the Periodic System of Elements. The present invention further relates to an electrode comprising a support and the electro-catalyst. The present invention further relates to the use of the electro-catalyst and/or the electrode in electrochemical processes which comprise an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), an oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), a hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), a carbon monoxide oxidation reaction (COR) or a methanol oxidation reaction (MOR).Type: ApplicationFiled: June 23, 2011Publication date: August 22, 2013Inventors: Seyed Schwan Hosseiny, Machiel Saakes, Matthias Wessling
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Publication number: 20130216934Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, the electrode catalyst including a first catalyst that exhibits hydrophilicity, the first catalyst including pores, wherein at least 50 volume percent of the pores have an average diameter of about 100 nanometers or less; a method of preparing the electrode catalyst; and a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a fuel cell that include the electrolyte catalyst. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell rapidly controls the migration of phosphoric acid at an initial stage of operation of an MEA, thereby securing a path for the migration of a conductor and a path for the diffusion of a fuel, and thus, an activation time of the MEA is shortened.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 7, 2012Publication date: August 22, 2013Applicant: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventor: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
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Publication number: 20130177838Abstract: Hollow metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment the metal nanoparticles have a continuous and nonporous shell with a hollow core which induces surface smoothening and lattice contraction of the shell. In a particular embodiment, the hollow nanoparticles have an external diameter of less than 20 nm, a wall thickness of between 1 nm and 3 nm or, alternatively, a wall thickness of between 4 and 12 atomic layers. In another embodiment, the hollow nanoparticles are fabricated by a process in which a sacrificial core is coated with an ultrathin shell layer that encapsulates the entire core. Removal of the core produces contraction of the shell about the hollow interior. In a particular embodiment the shell is formed by galvanic displacement of core surface atoms while remaining core removal is accomplished by dissolution in acid solution or in an electrolyte during potential cycling between upper and lower applied potentials.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 13, 2011Publication date: July 11, 2013Applicant: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLCInventors: Jia Xu Wang, Radoslav R. Adzic
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Patent number: 8470495Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode catalyst comprising: (a) a support; (b) metal catalyst particles supported on the support and formed of a catalytically active metal or metal-containing alloy; and (c) an anti-coarsening compound, which is dispersed in at least one region selected from the group consisting of interstitial spaces among the catalyst particles and contact sites between the support and the catalyst particles, and has a coarsening temperature higher than that of the catalyst. A method for preparing the electrode catalyst is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 2006Date of Patent: June 25, 2013Assignee: LG Chem, Ltd.Inventors: Byungwoo Park, Chunjoong Kim, Myunggoo Kang, Jin Nam Park, Hyuk Kim, Min Suk Kim
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Publication number: 20130149632Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell including porous catalyst particles including a noble metal having oxygen-reduction activity and a carbonaceous support, wherein the porous catalyst particles are disposed on the carbonaceous support, and an electrochemical specific surface area of the porous catalyst particles is about 70 m2/g or more.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 10, 2012Publication date: June 13, 2013Applicants: SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD., SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventors: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD., SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD.
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Publication number: 20130130131Abstract: A rechargeable lithium air battery comprises a non-aqueous electrolyte disposed between a spaced-apart pair of a lithium anode and an air cathode. The electrolyte includes including a lithium salt and an additive containing an alkylene group or a lithium salt and an organosilicon compound. The alkylene additive may be alkylene carbonate, alkylene siloxane, or a combination of alkylene carbonate and alkylene siloxane. The alkylene carbonate may be vinylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, or a combination of vinylene carbonate and butylene carbonate. The alkylene siloxane may be a polymerizable silane such as triacetoxyvinylsilane. In preferred embodiments, the organosilicon compound is a silane containing polyethyleneoxide side chain(s).Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2012Publication date: May 23, 2013Applicant: JOHNSON IP HOLDING, LLCInventor: Johnson IP Holding, LLC
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Publication number: 20130122402Abstract: An electrode for a fuel cell, a method of preparing the electrode, a catalyst slurry, and a fuel cell including the electrode. The electrode includes an electrode support and a catalyst layer formed on the electrode support, wherein the catalyst layer includes a catalyst material and a water-based binder, wherein the water-based binder is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives and composites of organic polymer materials and inorganic oxides.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 13, 2012Publication date: May 16, 2013Applicant: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventors: Suk-gi Hong, Yoon-hoi Lee, Jung-ock Park, Jin-su Ha
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Patent number: 8410012Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition, a method for fabricating the same and a fuel cell including the same. The catalyst composition provided by the present invention includes: a catalyst carrier; and a metal solid solution, disposed on the surface of the catalyst carrier, in which the metal solid solution includes palladium and a second metal, and the second metal is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, ruthenium, nickel, silver and manganese. Accordingly, the catalyst composition provided by the present invention can exhibit excellent catalytic characteristics, and can be applied in a fuel cell to enhance the electrochemical properties and stability of the fuel cell.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2010Date of Patent: April 2, 2013Assignees: Tatung University, Tatung CompanyInventors: Hong-Ming Lin, Cheng-Han Chen, Wei-Jen Liou, Wei-Syuan Lin, She-Huang Wu
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Publication number: 20130078549Abstract: According to one embodiment, a catalyst-supporting substrate comprises a substrate and a catalyst layer including a plurality of pores, the catalyst layer being supported on the substrate. The average diameter of the section of the pore when the catalyst is cut in the thickness direction of the thickness is 5 nm to 400 nm, and the long-side to short-side ratio of the pore on the section is 1:1 to 10:1 in average.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 25, 2012Publication date: March 28, 2013Inventors: Taishi FUKAZAWA, Wu MEl, Yoshihiro AKASAKA, Norihiro YOSHINAGA
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Publication number: 20130059231Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a core-shell structured electrocatalyst for a fuel cell. The method includes uniformly supporting nano-sized core particles on a support to obtain a core support, and selectively forming a shell layer only on the surface of the core particles of the core support. According to the method, the core and the shell layer can be formed without the need for a post-treatment process, such as chemical treatment and heat treatment. Further disclosed is a core-shell structured electrocatalyst for a fuel cell produced by the method. The core-shell structured electrocatalyst has a large amount of supported catalyst and exhibits superior catalytic activity and excellent electrochemical properties. Further disclosed is a fuel cell including the core-shell structured electrocatalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 23, 2012Publication date: March 7, 2013Inventors: Seung Jun HWANG, Soo-Kil KIM, Sung Jong YOO, Jong Hyun JANG, Eun Ae CHO, Hyoung-Juhn KIM, Suk-Woo NAM, Tae Hoon LIM
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Patent number: 8383287Abstract: This invention provides a fuel cell electrode catalyst in which at least one transition metal element and at least one chalcogen element are supported on a conductive support, wherein the fuel cell electrode catalyst comprises a core portion comprising a transition metal crystal and a shell portion comprising surface atoms of the transition metal crystal particle and chalcogen elements coordinating to the surface atoms, and the outer circumference of the core portion is being partially covered with the shell portion. The fuel cell electrode catalyst has a high level of oxygen reduction performance, high activity as a fuel cell catalyst and comprises a transition metal element and a chalcogen element.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2008Date of Patent: February 26, 2013Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yukiyoshi Ueno, Hirofumi Iisaka
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Patent number: 8383293Abstract: An electrocatalyst for fuel cell applications includes a catalyst support and a noble metal or noble metal-based alloy catalyst supported upon the catalyst support. The catalyst support characteristically includes a Group IV-VI transition metal silicide with or without the mixing of carbon. A fuel cell incorporating the electrocatalyst into the anode and/or cathode is disclosed. Such fuel cell exhibit improved cycling and operating performance.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 2006Date of Patent: February 26, 2013Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Belabbes Merzougui, Jon C. Halalay, John T. Johnson, Gregory C. Garabedian, Michael P. Balogh, Swathy Swathirajan
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Patent number: 8377610Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell includes an anode and a cathode facing each other and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween. At least one of the anode and the cathode includes a conductive electrode substrate and a catalyst layer formed thereon, and the catalyst layer includes a first catalyst layer including a first metal catalyst that grows from the polymer electrolyte membrane toward the electrode substrate and a second catalyst layer including a second metal catalyst covering the first catalyst layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2007Date of Patent: February 19, 2013Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sang-Il Han, In-Hyuk Son
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Patent number: 8367266Abstract: A porous catalyst layer formed from discrete particles of unsupported metal, wherein at least 80%, suitably at least 90%, of the discrete particles have a mass of from 1 to 1000 zeptograms, and wherein the catalyst layer has a metal volume fraction of less than 30% and a metal loading of less than 0.09 mg/cm2 is disclosed. The catalyst layer is suitable for use in fuel cells and other electrochemical applications.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2008Date of Patent: February 5, 2013Assignee: Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells LimitedInventors: Ian Roy Harkness, Jonathan David Brereton Sharman, Edward Anthony Wright
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Publication number: 20130029234Abstract: A porous carbonaceous composite material including a core including a carbon nanotube (CNT); and a coating layer on the core, the coating layer including a carbonaceous material including a hetero element.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 24, 2012Publication date: January 31, 2013Applicant: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventors: Victor ROEV, Dong-min IM, Dong-joon LEE, Sang-bok MA
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Patent number: 8361288Abstract: Compositions, electrodes, systems, and/or methods for water electrolysis and other electrochemical techniques are provided. In some cases, the compositions, electrodes, systems, and/or methods are for electrolysis which can be used for energy storage, particularly in the area of energy conversion, and/or production of oxygen, hydrogen, and/or oxygen and/or hydrogen containing species. In some embodiments, the water for electrolysis comprises at least one impurity and/or at least one additive which has little or no substantially affect on the performance of the electrode.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2010Date of Patent: January 29, 2013Assignee: Sun Catalytix CorporationInventors: Steven Y. Reece, Arthur J. Esswein, Kimberly Sung, Zachary I. Green, Daniel G. Nocera
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Publication number: 20130017473Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a mixed catalyst containing a metal oxide nanowire, and an electrode and a fuel cell which include a mixed catalyst manufactured by the method. The method includes: forming a metal/polymer nanowire by electrospinning a polymer solution containing a first metal precursor and a second metal precursor; forming a metal oxide nanowire by heat-treating the metal/polymer mixture nanowire; and mixing the metal oxide nanowire with active metal nanoparticles. Here, the metal of the second metal precursor is used as a dopant for the metal oxide nanowire. In the event an electrode catalyst layer of a fuel cell is formed using the manufactured mixed catalyst, the fuel cell has the advantages of significantly improved performance and reduced costs in generating electricity.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 14, 2010Publication date: January 17, 2013Applicant: GWANGJU INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYInventors: Won Bae Kim, Yong-Seok Kim
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Publication number: 20130011768Abstract: The present invention relates to an anode supported solid-oxide fuel cell based flame fuel cell that enable the generation of both electricity and heat from a flame (i.e. flame is used as a heat source and a fuel source for the fuel cell's operation, while supplying a useful heat for other thermochemical systems) and, more particularly, to an anode supported solid-oxide fuel cell based flame fuel cell that uses hydrocarbon/air mixture as a fuel source and includes a catalyst layer that can act as a protective layer for the anode layer, an anode layer, a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an interlayer between the cathode layer and the electrolyte layer.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 29, 2012Publication date: January 10, 2013Applicant: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITYInventor: Jeongmin Ahn
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Patent number: 8349514Abstract: An electrode catalyst for fuel cells, a method of preparing the electrode catalyst, and a fuel cell including the electrode containing the electrode catalyst have been improved. The electrode catalyst includes a beryllium (Be) oxide catalyst, which oxidizes carbon monoxide included in a fuel gas into carbon dioxide, and a platinum (Pt) based catalyst. Thus, loss in catalytic activity of the Pt-based catalyst due to carbon monoxide is decreased, and the activity and life of the fuel cell including the electrode catalyst are improved.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2010Date of Patent: January 8, 2013Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kyung-jung Kwon, Chan-ho Pak, Kang-hee Lee
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Patent number: 8349757Abstract: The invention provides an electrode comprising an electrically conductive material having a surface capable of producing surface enhanced Raman scattering of incident light from a complex adsorbed at the surface of the electrode, the complex including the electrically conductive material combined with a second material that is substantially reducible and not substantially oxidizable. The surface of the electrode can be microroughened. The invention also includes a method for making various embodiments of the electrode, and a method of generating electricity using the electrode. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a fuel cell is provided including the electrode of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 2011Date of Patent: January 8, 2013Assignee: Fordham UniversityInventor: John J. McMahon
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Publication number: 20130004885Abstract: A process includes patterning a surface of a platinum group metal-based electrode by contacting the electrode with an adsorbate to form a patterned platinum group metal-based electrode including platinum group metal sites blocked with adsorbate molecules and platinum group metal sites which are not blocked.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 26, 2011Publication date: January 3, 2013Inventors: Dusan Strmcnik, Bostjan Genorio, Vojislav Stamenkovic, Nenad Markovic
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Publication number: 20120328970Abstract: A material for a solid oxide fuel cell, the material including: a first compound having a perovskite crystal structure, a first ionic conductivity, a first electronic conductivity, and a first thermal expansion coefficient, wherein the first compound is represented by Formula 1 below; and a second compound having a perovskite crystal structure, a second ionic conductivity, a second electronic conductivity, and a second thermal expansion coefficient, BaaSrbCoxFeyZ1-x-yO3-?,??Formula 1 wherein Z is a transition metal element, a lanthanide element, or a combination thereof, a and b satisfy 0.4?a?0.6 and 0.4?b?0.6, respectively, x and y satisfy 0.6?x?0.9 and 0.1?y?0.4, respectively, and ? is selected so that the first compound is electrically neutral.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2012Publication date: December 27, 2012Applicants: SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD., SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventors: Soo-yeon SEO, Chan KWAK, Hee-jung PARK
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Patent number: 8338323Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an electrode for electrochemical reaction, wherein a conductive diamond layer is formed on an electrode substrate in the electrode; and the electrode substrate on which the conductive diamond layer is formed is kept at a temperature of 400° C. or more and 1,000° C. or less in a water vapor, thereby forming a micropore in the conductive diamond layer. Also, the present invention provides an electrode for electrochemical reaction obtained by the foregoing production process.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2010Date of Patent: December 25, 2012Assignees: Permelec Electrode Ltd., Shinshu UniversityInventors: Yoshio Takasu, Wataru Sugimoto, Tatsuya Ohashi, Junfeng Zhang
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Patent number: 8338051Abstract: This invention relates to an electrode catalyst for a fuel cell comprising catalyst metal particles of noble metal-base metal-Ce (cerium) ternary alloy carried on carbon materials, wherein the noble metal is at least one member selected from among Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag and Au, the base metal is at least one member selected from among Ir, Co, Fe, Ni and Mn, and the relative proportion (i.e., the molar proportion) of noble metal:base metal:Ce (cerium) is 20 to 95:5 to 60:0.1 to 3. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell inhibits deterioration of an electrolyte membrane or an electrolyte in an electrode catalyst layer, improves durability, and, in particular, improves the capacity for power generation in the high current density region.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 2008Date of Patent: December 25, 2012Assignees: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Cataler CorporationInventors: Hiroaki Takahashi, Yosuke Horiuchi, Takahiro Nagata, Tomoaki Terada, Toshiharu Tabata
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Patent number: 8334080Abstract: A catalyst for a fuel cell is disclosed that includes a conductive carrier, and a catalyst layer formed to cover the conductive carrier and formed of one of Pt, Ru, and a Pt-based alloy.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2005Date of Patent: December 18, 2012Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventor: Fumio Takei
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Publication number: 20120308907Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising at least one precious metal, wherein the catalyst composition is capable of catalyzing, in the presence of a halogen ion or a mixture of halogen ions, a charging reaction and a discharging reaction in a regenerative fuel cell. This disclosure relates to electrodes comprising those catalysts that are useful in fuel cells. The catalysts are active towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and porous electrodes are made in a process designed to control their porosity. The catalysts and electrodes are employed in regenerative fuel cells comprising hydrogen and halogen acid or mixture of halogen acids. The catalysts are particularly useful in hydrogen/bromine reduction/oxidation reactions. The catalysts exhibit highly acceptable life and performance.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 24, 2011Publication date: December 6, 2012Applicant: RAMOT AT TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY LTD.Inventors: Emanuel Peled, Arnon Blum, Adi Aharon, Nina Travitsky, Yaron Konra, Kobby Saadi, Vladimir Zel, Meital Goor, Meital Alon, Roy Gorenshtein
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Publication number: 20120308916Abstract: A nanoparticle includes a noble metal skeletal structure. The noble metal skeletal structure is formed as an atomically thin layer of noble metal atoms that has a hollow center.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 12, 2010Publication date: December 6, 2012Applicant: UTC POWER CORPORATIONInventors: Minhua Shao, Lesia V. Protsailo
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Patent number: 8304362Abstract: The invention discloses core/shell type catalyst particles comprising a Mcore/Mshell structure with Mcore=inner particle core and Mshell=outer particle shell, wherein the medium diameter of the catalyst particle (dcore+shell) is in the range of 20 to 100 nm, preferably in the range of 20 to 50 nm. The thickness of the outer shell (tshell) is about 5 to 20% of the diameter of the inner particle core of said catalyst particle, preferably comprising at least 3 atomic layers. The core/shell type catalyst particles, particularly the particles comprising a Pt-based shell, reveal a high specific activity. The catalyst particles are preferably supported on suitable support materials such as carbon black and are used as electrocatalysts for fuel cells.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2007Date of Patent: November 6, 2012Assignee: Umicore AG & Co. KGInventors: Marco Lopez, Michael Lennartz, Dan V. Goia, Carsten Becker, Stéphanie Chevalliot
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Patent number: 8293671Abstract: Provided is a method for suppressing corrosion of a carbon material, which acts as a carrier in a catalyst layer of PEFC. The present invention relates to an electrode catalyst produced by subjecting a carbon material having a noble metal catalyst supported thereon to heat treatment under inert gas atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 2006Date of Patent: October 23, 2012Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.Inventor: Shinji Yamamoto
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Patent number: 8293675Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst comprising a metal of the platinum group and a second metal selected from among the metals of the platinum group or the transition metals, in which a catalyst comprising the metal of the platinum group is mixed with a complex comprising the second metal to give a dry powder in a first step and the powder is subsequently heat treated to form a compound between the metal of the platinum group and the second metal. The invention further relates to the use of the catalyst produced according to the invention.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 2008Date of Patent: October 23, 2012Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Stefan Kotrel, Gerhard Cox, Ekkehard Schwab, Alexander Panchenko
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Patent number: 8288308Abstract: The invention discloses core/shell type catalyst particles comprising a Mcore/Mshell structure with Mcore=inner particle core and Mshell?outer particle shell, wherein the medium diameter of the catalyst particle (dcore+shell) is ?20 nm. The thickness of the outer shell (tshell) comprises at least 3 atomic layers. The core/shell type catalyst particles, particularly the particles comprising a Pt-based shell, reveal a high specific activity. The catalyst particles are preferably supported on suitable support materials such as carbon black and are used as electrocatalysts for fuel cells.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 2010Date of Patent: October 16, 2012Assignee: Umicore AG & Co. KGInventors: Marco Lopez, Michael Lennartz, Dan V. Goia, Carsten Becker, Stephanie Chevalliot
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Publication number: 20120251923Abstract: A material for a solid oxide fuel cell including a compound of Chemical Formula 1: BaaSrbCoxFeyM1-x?yO3-???Chemical Formula 1 wherein M represents at least one of a transition metal element or a lanthanide element, a and the b are in a range of 0.4?a?0.6 and 0.4?b?0.6, respectively, x and y are in a range of 0.6?x?0.9 and 0.1?y?0.4, respectively, and ? is selected so that the compound of Chemical Formula 1 is electrically neutral.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 30, 2012Publication date: October 4, 2012Applicants: SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD., SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.Inventors: Soo-yeon SEO, Chan KWAK, Hee-jung PARK
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Patent number: 8278011Abstract: The present invention relates to SiC nanostructures, including SiC nanopowder, SiC nanowires, and composites of SiC nanopowder and nanowires, which can be used as catalyst supports in membrane electrode assemblies and in fuel cells. The present invention also relates to composite catalyst supports comprising nanopowder and one or more inorganic nanowires for a membrane electrode assembly.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2009Date of Patent: October 2, 2012Assignee: Nanosys, Inc.Inventors: Yimin Zhu, Jay L. Goldman, Baixin Qian, Ionel C. Stefan
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Publication number: 20120237854Abstract: A fuel cell component includes an electrode support material made with nanofiber materials of Titania and ionomer. A bipolar plate stainless steel substrate and a carbon-containing layer doped with a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, iridium, ruthenium, gold, palladium, and combinations thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 31, 2012Publication date: September 20, 2012Applicant: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLCInventors: Youssef M. Mikhail, Mahmoud H. Abd Elhamid, Gayatri Vyas Dadheech
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Publication number: 20120231366Abstract: A fuel cell anode comprises a porous ceramic molten metal composite of a metal or metal alloy, for example, tin or a tin alloy, infused in a ceramic where the metal is liquid at the temperatures of an operational solid oxide fuel cell, exhibiting high oxygen ion mobility. The anode can be employed in a SOFC with a thin electrolyte that can be a ceramic of the same or similar composition to that infused with the liquid metal of the porous ceramic molten metal composite anode. The thicknesses of the electrolyte can be reduced to a minimum that allows greater efficiencies of the SOFC thereby constructed.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 9, 2012Publication date: September 13, 2012Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.Inventors: ERIC D. WACHSMAN, Sean Robert Bishop
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Patent number: 8257883Abstract: A fuel cell that employs a decomposition catalyst on one or more of the membrane, bipolar plates or diffusion media layers in the fuel cell that decomposes hydrogen peroxide, and thus reduces the generation of hydroxyl free radicals. In one embodiment, the decomposition catalyst is ruthenium oxide and is deposited on the structure by various processes, such as chemical vapor deposition process.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 2005Date of Patent: September 4, 2012Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Youssef M. Mikhail, Mahmoud H. Abd Elhamid, Gayatri Vyas
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Patent number: 8252486Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode catalyst for solid polymer fuel cells wherein CO tolerance is improved. Specifically disclosed is a catalyst for fuel cells having a first catalyst and a second catalyst. The first catalyst contains Pd, C and an oxide, namely SnO2 or TiO2, and the second catalyst contains C and an alloy containing Pt and Ru.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2006Date of Patent: August 28, 2012Assignees: Kyoto University, National University Corporation Hokkaido UniversityInventors: Ryuji Kikuchi, Tatsuya Takeguchi