Abstract: A toner having an amorphous resin, a crystalline resin, and a colorant, wherein the crystalline resin has a melting temperature of at least 70° C. and a recrystallization point of at least 47° C. exhibits improved document offset properties and improved heat cohesion. Annealing the toner further improves the heat cohesion and morphology of the toner.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images, comprising a binder resin and a colorant, the binder resin including a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous resin. When, in differential scanning calorimetry of the toner according to ASTM D3418-8, the temperature of the endothermic peak derived from the crystalline polyester resin in a first heating process is defined as Tm1 (° C.), the endothermic quantity based on the endothermic peak in the first heating process is defined as ?H1 (mW/g), and the endothermic quantity based on the endothermic peak in a second heating process is defined as ?H2 (mW/g), Tm1 is 50 to 80° C., and ?H1 and ?H2 satisfy the relationship represented by the following Formula (1). When the softening temperature of the toner is defined as Tf1/2 (° C.), Tf1/2 is 85 to 135° C. Tm1 and Tf1/2 satisfy the relationship represented by the following Formula (2): 0.35??H2/?H1?0.95??Formula (1) Tf1/2?205?(1.4×Tm1)??Formula (2).

Abstract: A toner for use in a single component development system, said toner including emulsion aggregation toner particles with a styrene acrylate polymer binder resin having a molecular weight Mw of from about 50 to about 100 Kpse and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of from about 10 to about 30 Kpse, a wax selected from the group consisting of polypropylene and polyethylene, and at least one colorant, wherein the toner particles have an onset glass transition temperature of from about 50° C. to about 60° C., and a circularity of from about 0.950 to about 0.990.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a glass plate having an electric conductor pattern excellent in adhesion to the surface of the glass plate, whereby it is not required to have a screen ready for every model and adjustment to desired electric heating performance and antenna performance is easy, and a developer therefor. A developer for electronic printing, characterized in that the ratio of Ftc/Ftp is at least 2.5, where Ftc is the adhesive force acting between one toner particle containing conductive fine particles and one carrier, and Ftp is the adhesive force acting between one toner particle containing conductive fine particles and a photoconductor.

Abstract: Environmentally friendly toner particles are provided which may, in embodiments, include a biodegradable semi-crystalline polyester resin and a biodegradable amorphous polyester resin.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner includes a binder resin; and a pigment having a complementary relationship with a color hue of the binder resin, the pigment being contained in an amount of about 1 ppm or greater but not greater than about 20 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a toner having excellent developability and excellent low-temperature fixability without causing adhesion of ejected sheets even in a high-speed oilless fixing system and capable of preventing a frameless printing from causing a twisted offseting phenomenon. Specifically, provided is a toner having toner particles including at least a binder resin and a colorant, in which, when the toner is dissolved in a tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent at 25° C. for 24 hours, the ratio of a THF-soluble matter having an intrinsic viscosity of 5.0×10?2 dl/g or less with respect to the total amount of the THF-soluble matter in a GPC-RALLS-viscometer analysis is 15.0 mass % to 60.0 mass %, and the ratio of a THF-soluble matter having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.5×10?1 dl/g or more with respect to the total amount of the THF-soluble matter in a GPC-RALLS-viscometer analysis is 20.0 mass % to 40.0 mass %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to controlling the mass flow of toner in an image forming device or a toner cartridge. The toner composition includes extra particulate additives including a conductive additive. The extra particulate additives may also include relatively small silica particles or relatively large silica.

Abstract: A negatively-chargeable non-magnetic one-component developer for developing an electrostatic latent image using a contact DC-bias development method, having a capacitance of 1.05×10?12 to 1.25×10?12 F, a volume resistivity of 5.0×1010 to 5.0×1012 ?·cm and a dielectric loss tangent of 1.0×10?3 to 2.0×10?2. In a contact DC-bias development method, the developer has a capacitance of 1.30×10?12 to 1.60×10?12 F, a resistivity of 5.0×109 to 5.0×1010 ?·cm and a dielectric loss tangent of 1.0×10?3 to 2.0×10?2. In a non-contact DC/AC-bias development method, the developer has a capacitance of 1.45×10?12 to 1.60×10?12 F, a resistivity of 5.0×109 to 1.0×1010 ?·cm and a dielectric loss tangent of 1.0×10?3 to 2.0×10?2.

Abstract: A two-component developer is provided in which the reduction of the hot offset occurrence temperature due to detachment of the coating layer, image density insufficiency, image fogging and toner scattering and the like can be suppressed. In the two-component developer including a toner and a carrier, the content of acrylic resin in a coating layer of the carrier is in a range from 5 to 50% by weight based on the total amount of the coating layer, and the dielectric loss (tan ?) is in the range from 4.0×10?3 to 15.0×10?3. By using the two-component developer, the reduction of the hot offset occurrence temperature in a fixing apparatus can be prevented. Further, image density insufficiency, image fogging and toner scattering and the like can be suppressed, with a result that images having high quality and sufficient image density can be obtained.

Abstract: To provide a toner for developing electrostatic images which is not easily cause the phenomenon of toner-spent, constituent materials are so selected that a charge control resin has hardness which is the same as the hardness of a binder resin or the charge control resin is harder than the binder resin, as measured with a scanning probe microscope in a viscoelasticity evaluation mode in respect to the binder resin and the charge control resin which are present in the particle interiors or particle surfaces of the toner.

Abstract: A toner is provided prepared by a wet granulation method, comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner adsorbs ammonia (NH3) in an amount of from 70 to 400 ?mol/m2 per unit of specific surface area and carbon dioxide (CO2) in an amount of not greater than 10 ?mol/m2 per unit of specific surface area.

Abstract: A magnetic toner including at least: a binder resin; and a magnetic body, in which, when magnetization at a magnetic field strength of 397.9 kA/m and a coercive force of the magnetic toner are denoted by ?s (Am2/kg) and Hc (kA/m), respectively, a magnetic field strength at which the magnetic toner shows a magnetization value equal to 95% of ?s is denoted by H95% (kA/m), and a number average particle size of the magnetic body is denoted by d (?m), H95%, Hc, and d satisfy the following expressions. 151<H95%<200??(1) 7.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic toner which has superior low-temperature fixing performance and pressure roller anti-staining properties even in various forms of use, has been kept from image defects such as image non-uniformity even during long-time image reproduction and can achieve high-level image quality. In a magnetic toner having toner particles containing at least a binder resin and a magnetic material, the activation energy Ea (kJ/mol) that is determined from a shift factor aT120 in a master curve of the toner, prepared when 120° C. is set as reference temperature, and the activation energy Eb (kJ/mol) that is determined from a shift factor aT150 in a master curve of the toner, prepared when 150° C. is set as reference temperature, satisfy Expression (1), and the Ea is 110 kJ/mol or less: 1.00?Ea/Eb<1.20??(1).

Abstract: Methods of making ink toners for use in electrostatic imaging are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a toner, wherein a liquid drop forming part including a storage part configured to store a toner composition liquid in which a toner composition including at least a resin and a coloring agent is dispersed or dissolved, a thin film on which a nozzle facing the storage part is formed, and a vibration generating part configured to vibrate the thin film via the toner composition liquid in the storage part are used, wherein plural storage chambers partitioned by a partition wall(s) are formed in the storage part and a width of each storage chamber in a direction of arrangement of the plural storage chambers and a width of each storage chamber in a direction orthogonal to the direction of arrangement of the storage chambers are formed to be one-half or less of a wavelength ? of a sonic wave generated in the storage part.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus containing a latent electrostatic image bearing member, a latent electrostatic image forming unit configured to form a latent electrostatic image on the latent electrostatic image bearing member, a developing unit configured to develop the latent electrostatic image using a toner to form a toner image, and a transferring unit configured to transfer the toner image on a recording medium, wherein a surface of the toner is coated with an external additive containing fine particles having an average particle diameter Da of 100 nm to 300 nm, and a value obtained by dividing an average F of non-electrostatic adhesion between the toner and the latent electrostatic image bearing member by a product of volume average particle diameter of the toner Dt and average particle diameter of the external additive Da, [F/(Dt×Da)] is 7.5×104 N/m2 or less.

Abstract: The resin coated carrier is used with a toner in which an external additive having an average primary particle size of 50 nm or more is added to a toner particle, and has a carrier core and a resin coating layer on the surface of the carrier core. In the resin coated carrier, the following expression (1) is satisfied: 0.5??log {(A/C)/(B/C)}?2.5 ??(1) wherein A represents a volume resistance value (Q/cm) of the resin coated carrier in an electric field of 1000 V/cm that is obtained by conducting a stirring test, B represents a volume resistance value (?/cm) of the resin coated carrier in an electric field of 1000 V/cm before the stirring test, and C represents a volume resistance value (?/cm) of the carrier core in an electric field of 1000 V/cm.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles each containing a resin and a colorant, wherein the toner particle has: a region A which contains the colorant and a region B through which more electrons can pass than the region A; and the region A is covered by the region B being within 1 ?m deep from a circumference of the toner particle, when the toner particle is observed in a state of a microscopic segment having a thickness of 80 to 200 nm through a transmission electron microscope at an acceleration voltage of 80 kV.

Abstract: A toner including stabilized magnetic single-crystal nanoparticles, wherein the value of the magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic nanoparticles is greater than or equal to 2×104 J/m3. The magnetic nanoparticle may be a ferromagnetic nanoparticle, such as FePt. The toner includes a magnetic material that minimizes the size of the particle, resulting in excellent magnetic pigment dispersion and dispersion stability, particularly in emulsion/aggregation toner processes. The smaller sized magnetic particles of the toner also maintains excellent magnetic properties, thereby reducing the amount of magnetic particle loading required in the toner.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner which is excellent in its low-temperature fixing property and high-temperature offset resistance regardless of the types of paper, and constantly provides high-quality images regardless of environments and does not generate image defects even after prolonged use. In a master curve of the toner at a reference temperature of 150° C., a difference between a storage modulus at a frequency of 0.1 Hz and a storage modulus at a frequency of 1000 Hz is set in a rage from 0 to 2.5×105 Pa, where the activation energy determined from a shift factor is brought to a range from 50 to 130 kJ/mol.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a toner which: is excellent in fixing ability such as low-temperature fixability, hot offset property, and separability even in a fixing system excellent in quick start property and energy saving property; has high gloss; and is excellent in development stability and transferability irrespective of environments.

Abstract: A two-component developer suppresses burying of an external additive into toner particles and a change in charging performance of a toner with time, and secures stable development performance. The two-component developer includes a toner and a carrier and is adjusted so that a rate of change ?A % in BET specific surface area A (m2/g) of the toner (=((A120?A1)/A1)×100) and a rate of change ?C % in charge quantity C (?C/g) of the carrier (=((C120?C1)/C1)×100) when a mixture of the toner and the carrier is stirred and mixed are both within 10 %. A1and A120 indicate BET specific surface areas of the toner when the mixture of the toner and the carrier is stirred and mixed for 1 minute and 120 minutes, and C1 and C120 indicate charge quantities of the carrier when the mixture is stirred and mixed for 1 minute and 120 minutes.

Abstract: Provided a toner including at least: toner particles each containing at least a binder resin, a release agent, and a colorant; and an inorganic fine powder, in which: a degree of aggregation Y1 at a time of compression (200 kpa) of the toner satisfies a relationship of 15?Y1?35, and a degree of aggregation Y2 at a time of non-compression of the toner satisfies a relationship of 7?Y2?15; and a highest endothermic peak of the toner is present in a temperature range of 30 to 200° C. in an endothermic curve measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and a peak temperature Tsc (° C.) of the highest endothermic peak satisfies a relationship of 60?Tsc?130.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, and a release agent, wherein the following relationships are satisfied: 2 ?m?D4?4 ?m??(a) 0.05 ?m?Dw?0.3 ?m??(b) Dw?0.075×D4??(c) F??40×Dw+19??(d) F?20×Dw+5??(e) wherein D4 is a weight-average particle diameter of the toner, Dw is an average dispersion diameter of the release agent and F is a pulverizability index of the toner.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier core material for use in the production of an electrophotographic developer which, even when applied, for example, to MFPs (multifunction printers), can realize stable, high-quality and high-speed development, and has a prolonged replacing life of magnetic carriers, and a method of manufacturing the same, a magnetic carrier including the carrier core material, and an electrophotographic developer manufactured from the magnetic carrier. An electrophotographic development carrier is prepared by adding resin particles, a binder, a dispersant, a wetting agent, and water to a raw material powder, wet pulverizing the mixture, drying the pulverized product to give granulated powder, calcinatng the granulated powder, and then sintering the granulated powder to prepare a carrier core material having an internally hollow structure, and coating the carrier core material with a resin.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner for electrostatic image development which is capable of obtaining a high chroma full-color image exhibiting clear color without color contamination and excellent light stability is disclosed, comprising a resin and a colorant, wherein the colorant comprises a pigment of C.I. Pigment Blue 76. There are also disclosed a full-color toner kit and an image forming method by use of the toner.

Abstract: An apparatus for fixing of toner onto a receiver, including: a non-contact fuser capable of fusing one or more layers of toner on a receiver such that one or more toner layers reach a fusing temperature above a glass transition temperature. The apparatus also includes one or more cooling finish rollers located downstream from the non-contact fuser to lower the toner temperature.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image is provided, which contains at least a binder resin, a colorant and a releasing agent, the releasing agent, has an endothermic peak temperature measured by a differential scanning calorimeter of from 60 to 100° C., and an endothermic amount a of the releasing agent per unit weight (J/g) at temperatures equal to or lower than a glass transition onset temperature of the binder resin measured by a differential scanning calorimeter, a total endothermic amount b of the releasing agent per unit weight (J/g) and a volume average particle diameter c(?m) of the toner has the relationship: 0.05?(a/b)×c?0.6.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner including granulating mother toner particles in an aqueous medium to obtain a slurry containing the mother toner particles and adjusting a size distribution of the mother toner particles by screening coarse mother toner particles from the slurry with a screen to obtain the toner containing mother toner particulates.

Abstract: Provision of a toner for developing a latent electrostatic image, including a colorant, a binder resin, and a releasing agent, where molecular weight distribution of THF-soluble components of the toner measured by a GPC is in the range of Mw 4,000 to Mw 11,000, and a peak area of low molecular weight components having a molecular weight of 200 to 500 is 3.2% or less based on the whole peak area.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a toner excellent in fixing property, high-temperature offset resistance and blocking resistance, and having an excellent developing property. The invention provides a toner including at least a binder resin and a colorant, wherein: the binder resin contains a hybrid resin which contains a polyester-type resin unit by 50 mass % or more and in which a polyester-type resin component and a vinyl-type resin component are chemically bonded; the toner contains 3 to 50 mass % of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter derived from the binder resin; the tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter contains a hybrid resin; and a tetrahydrofuran-soluble matter, obtained by hydrolyzing the tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter and separating by filtration, has, in a GPC-measured molecular weight distribution, a main peak within a molecular weight range of 50,000 to 500,000.

Abstract: A toner, a developer, a two-component developer, a developing device and an image forming apparatus are provided. In the image forming apparatus, images are formed with a developer that fills a developing tank of the developing device. The developer includes the toner containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a release agent, the release agent having an acid value of less than 4 mgKOH/g and in which an amount of the release agent exposed on a surface of toner is 0.5% by weight or more and 2.5% by weight or less of a total amount of the toner.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner includes a binder resin, a colorant, and a releasing agent, wherein the electrophotographic toner has a complex viscosity (?) of 4e2 Pa·s to 8e3 Pa·s at a temperature range of 120 to 160° C. and an angular velocity range of 1.6 to 10 rad/s, a rate of change of the complex viscosity of 165 to 185 Pa·s/° C. at 1.6 rad/s, and 70 to 80 Pa·s/° C. at 10 rad/s within the temperature range, a stress relaxation of 1.0 e3 to 4.5 e4 Pa at a relaxation time of 0.05 to 0.3 seconds under a temperature range of 120 to 160° C., and a rate of change of the stress relaxation (?G/?T) of 785 to 1000 Pa/° C. at 0.05 seconds and 190 to 215 Pa/° C. at 0.3 seconds within the temperature range above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a toner for electrophotography comprising a crystalline polyester and a colorant, wherein the colorant is added in at least one of the neutralizing step, the emulsifying step, and the aggregating step and a process for preparing a toner for electrophotography comprising a crystalline polyester and a colorant, wherein the colorant is added in at least one of the neutralizing and emulsifying step, and the aggregating step. The toner obtained according to the process of the present invention can be suitably used, for example, in development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method, or the like.

Abstract: Developer includes toner formed of base particles containing at least a binder resin. The base particles have surfaces coated with an additive agent, and the toner has a volume average particle size between 3.9 ?m and 6.1 ?m. The developer further includes agglomerates in an amount between 0.01 wt % and 0.10 wt %. The agglomerates have a volume average particle size between 75 ?m and 100 ?m.

Abstract: Provided is anon-magnetic toner including toner particles each containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a wax component, and an inorganic fine powder, in which: (1) when a temperature in a temperature range of 50 to 80° C. at which a loss tangent (tan ?) shows a maximum is represented by T1, a storage elastic modulus of the toner at the temperature T1 (G?(T1)) satisfies a relationship of 5.00×107?G?(T1)?1.00×109 (dN/m2); (2) a continuous temperature range with a width of 15° C. or more in which the loss tangent (tan ?) is 0.80 to 2.00 is present in the temperature range of 50 to 80° C.; and (3) the loss tangent (tan ?) is 1.00 or more in a temperature range of 120 to 160° C.

Abstract: To provide an image forming apparatus including: a latent electrostatic image bearing member; a charging unit configured to charge the surface of the latent electrostatic image bearing member; an exposing unit configured to expose the charged surface of the latent electrostatic image to form a latent electrostatic image thereon; a developing unit configured to develop the latent electrostatic image with a toner to form a visualized image; a transferring unit configured to transfer the visualized image onto a recording medium; and a fixing unit configured to fix the visualized image transferred onto the recording medium, wherein the toner includes a binder resin and a coloring agent, and the binder resin includes a polyester resin obtained by condensation polymerization of an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component containing a (meth)acrylic acid modified rosin.

Abstract: Embodiments include a toner with a distilled wax having a crystallinity of from about 55 to about 100 percent, wherein the degree of crystallinity is calculated using the following formulas: [Heat of enthalpy (Hm) J/g/294 J/g]×100=degree of crystallinity (Xc); [Heat of recrystallization (Hrc) J/g/294 J/g]×100=degree of crystallinity (Xc); and Sc/(Sc+Sa)]×100%, wherein Sc is a diffraction peak area of a crystalline component of the wax and the Sa is a diffraction peak area of an amorphous component of the wax; and wherein the Mp, Mn and Mw of the wax are all within the range of from about 500 to about 800, and wherein the wax has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing toner including the steps of preparing a preliminary mixture by mixing a colorant and a release agent; preparing a raw material mixture by mixing the preliminary mixture with a binder resin and other raw materials; melt-kneading the raw material mixture using an open system roll type kneader; pulverizing the melt-kneaded raw material mixture into fine particles; and classifying the fine particles to prepare a toner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner which has good property such as fixability, coloring power, developability, durability, and environmental stability and so on. More specifically, the present invention relates to a color toner containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a wax, in which: a wax concentration of an extract obtained by dispersing the toner into n-hexane at a concentration of 15 mg/cm3 at 23° C. and by subjecting the resultant dispersion to extraction treatment at 23° C. for 1 minute is in the range of 0.080 to 0.500 mg/cm3; an average circularity of particles each having a circle-equivalent diameter of 3 ?m or more in the toner is in the range of 0.925 to 0.965; and a content of the wax is in the range of 1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin and a colorant which produces a torque of from 1.4 to 2.0 mNm, when a cone rotor having a vertical angle of 60° and grooves on a surface thereof intrudes into a bulk of the toner at an intrusion speed of 5 mm/min for a depth of 20 mm while rotating at a rotation speed of 1 rpm. The bulk of the toner is formed by consolidating 30 g of the toner in a cylindrical container having an internal diameter of 60 mm for 60 seconds with a consolidation load of 585 g.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, a coloring agent, a releasing agent and a modified laminar inorganic mineral, wherein the toner is granulated by dispersing the coloring agent, the releasing agent, the modified laminar inorganic mineral and at least one of the binder resin and a precursor thereof in an organic solvent to form an oil phase, dispersing the oil phase in an aqueous medium to obtain a dispersion emulsion and removing solvents therefrom, and the toner satisfies the following relationship (1): 0.2?{1/Dv (?m)}×Sb (m2/g)?1.4, where Dv represents a volume average particle diameter of the toner, and Sb represents a BET specific surface area of the toner.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a toner for developing electrostatic image which is excellent in image reproducibility and further in cleaning performance. A toner for developing electrostatic image comprising a colored particle containing a binder resin and a colorant, and an external additive, wherein the toner for developing electrostatic image has a volume average particle diameter of 4.0 to 8.0 ?m and an average circularity of 0.940 to 0.980, and wherein the toner for developing electrostatic image has a uniaxial collapsing stress of 0.8 to 1.5 kPa and an internal frictional angle of 30 to 45° when a maximum consolidation stress is 0.

Abstract: In a toner having toner particles which comprise toner base particles containing at least a colorant, a release agent and a polar resin, and an inorganic fine powder, the polar resin is a resin having at least a polyester unit, synthesized in the presence of an aromatic carboxylic acid titanium compound used as a catalyst, and has an acid value of from 3 mgKOH/g to 35 mgKOH/g. The toner base particles are obtained by carrying out granulation in an aqueous medium, and the toner has a weight-average particle diameter of from 4.0 ?m to 10.0 ?m.

Abstract: Provide is a toner including toner particles each containing at least a binder resin and a colorant, and an inorganic fine powder, in which the inorganic fine powder has a ratio (A/B) of a total pore volume A measured in a pore diameter range of from 1.9 nm or more and to 8.0 nm or less to a total pore volume B measured in a pore diameter range of from 1.9 nm or more and to 300.0 nm or less of from 0.20 or more and to 1.00 or less, and the total pore volume A is from 1.00×10?2 cm3/g or more and to 1.00 cm3/g or less.

Abstract: A toner manufacturing method is provided including emulsion-polymerizing monomers including an aromatic vinyl monomer, to prepare a particulate resin dispersion; mixing the particulate resin dispersion and a colorant dispersion including a black metallic material, to prepare an aggregation dispersion including aggregated resin particles including the colorant therein; heating the aggregation dispersion to a temperature of not less than a glass transition temperature of the particulate resin to unite each of the aggregated particles to prepare a toner dispersion; and washing the toner dispersion to obtain the toner; a toner manufactured by the above method, and a developer using the toner.

Abstract: A method of preparing a toner, including periodically discharging a toner constituent liquid from plural nozzles having the same aperture diameter with a mechanical oscillator, wherein the toner constituent liquid includes: a binder resin, a colorant, and an organic solvent, wherein the binder resin and the colorant are dissolved or dispersed in the organic solvent; forming a droplet of the toner constituent liquid in a gas phase; and solidifying the droplet, wherein the aperture diameter is from 3 to 30 ?m, and the binder resin has a ratio (Mw/Mn) of a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) to a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of THF (tetrahydrofuran)-soluble components therein of from 1.5 to 15 in a molecular weight distribution measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography), and a ½ flow temperature (Tm) of from 114 to 149° C.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to achieve improvements in the developing performance, transferring performance, and fixing performance of toner. The object can be achieved with a toner having a glass transition temperature (TgA) of 40 to 60° C. and a temperature (P1) of the highest peak of 70 to 120° C.; cyclohexane (CHX) insoluble matter in the tetrahydrofuran (THF) soluble matter of the toner has a glass transition temperature (TgB) of 80 to 120° C.; TgA and TgB satisfy a specific formula; the toner has a viscosity at 100° C. of 5,000 to 30,000 Pa·s; and the cyclohexane (CHX) insoluble matter has an acid value of 5 to 40 mgKOH/g.

Abstract: A carrier contains a core material; and a coated film containing a binder resin, and a particulate material, the coated film covering the core material, wherein a ratio (D/h) of an average particle diameter (D) of the particulate material to an average thickness (h) of the coated film is from 0.01 to 1, and wherein the carrier has concavities and convexities on the surface of the carrier, the concavities and convexities having a difference of elevation of from 0.05 to 2.0 ?m.