Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid and toner particles dispersed in the insulating liquid. The toner particles include a plurality of corpuscle combiners including a resin material, and the insulating liquid includes glyceride of an unsaturated fatty acid.

Abstract: A liquid developer having superior fixing characteristic of toner particles to a recording medium and which is harmless to the environment, and an image forming apparatus using the liquid developer are provided. The liquid developer is comprised of an insulation liquid and toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, wherein the insulation liquid contains a first vegetable oil and a reaction product produced by an ester exchange reaction of a second vegetable oil and a monovalent alcohol.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid electrographic toner compositions comprising a liquid carrier having toner particles and at least one soluble polymer dispersed in the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. The toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The soluble polymer is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 10% by weight based on toner particle weight. The absolute difference in Hildebrand solubility parameters between the soluble polymer and the liquid carrier is less than about 3.0 MPa1/2. In one aspect of the invention, the soluble polymer that is incorporated in the toner composition has no more than about 30% weight ratio chemical constitution variance from the chemical constitution of the S material portion of the amphipathic copolymer.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes toner particles formed of a resin material and a coloring agent, and an insulation liquid in which the toner particles are dispersed, the insulation liquid containing ester-exchange oil obtained by an ester-exchange reaction of linseed oil and at least one of semidrying oil and nondrying oil. It is preferred that the insulation liquid further contains fatty acid monoester. Further, it is preferred that the amount of the fatty acid monoester contained in the insulation liquid is in the range of 5 to 50 wt %.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid developer includes associating fine particles mainly containing a resin material so as to obtain associated particles, and disintegrating the associated particles in an insulation liquid so as to obtain toner particles.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid electrographic toner compositions comprising a liquid carrier having toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. The toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a wax component associated with the toner particle, wherein the wax component and the amphipathic copolymer each comprise at least one of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base pair in an amount sufficient to form weak, reversible intermolecular non-covalent bonds resulting from acid/base interactions between the wax component and the amphipathic copolymer. These toner particles can exhibit excellent final image durability characteristics, and can also provide toner compositions that provide excellent images at low fusion temperatures on a final image receptor.

Abstract: The invention is directed to amphipathic polymeric particles that serve as both the dispersant and the binder in water based inks, ink compositions containing these particles, and methods for making the particles. The polymeric particles contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties with a pre-determined structure, and have an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm. The amphipathic polymeric particles may be prepared by a side-chain conversion method or a polymerization process involving an ATRP step, with or without a cross-linking agent. This invention improves the stability of polymer and inks by both ionic and steric stabilization of the suspended polymer particles.

Abstract: Conductive ink compositions which can be cured to highly conductive metal traces by means of “chemical welding” include adhesion promoting additives for providing improved adhesion of the compositions to various substrates.

Abstract: Negative liquid electrographic toner compositions are provided comprising a liquid carrier having a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL and a plurality of negatively charged toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The toner particles comprise a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic graft copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a charge control adjuvant that is an acid or a base. These compositions have surprising bulk conductivity and charge per mass properties, particularly as the toner particles are depleted from the toner composition during printing operations.

Abstract: A liquid developer capable of preventing each of the disadvantages of uneven development density caused by uneven distribution of colored particles, poor transfer due to an insufficient amount of the liquid, and poor fixing due to an excess amount of the liquid, without complicating handling with the generation of volatile gas. Present on the surface of toner particles to be dispersed in a carrier liquid made of dimethyl silicone are a silicone group of one-end methacryloxy-modified silicone and a basic group. The silicone group prevents agglutination of the toner particles with each other. The silicone group functions as an affinity group and provides the toner particles with an affinity to the carrier liquid. Thus, it becomes possible to disperse the toner particles uniformly in the carrier liquid. Besides, the basic group on the surface of toner particles allows the toner particles to ensure the desired charge amount.

Abstract: A system for printing a liquid toner is provided comprising a liquid electrographic toner composition comprising a liquid carrier having a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL and a plurality of charged toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier, wherein the toner particles comprise a polymeric binder. The system also comprises a charge control adjuvant having limited solubility in the liquid carrier. The charge control adjuvant preferably is present in the liquid carrier in an amount in excess of the solubility of the adjuvant in the liquid carrier. Alternatively, the charge control adjuvant may be dispersed in a matrix having limited solubility in the liquid carrier or encapsulated within a matrix to form microcapsules having limited solubility in the liquid carrier. The charge control adjuvant in any of the above forms may be provided in a number of formats for release into the toner composition as needed.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid developer that is used in an apparatus for forming an image by developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrying member, transferring the developed image to a recording medium, and then fixing the image, in which the liquid developer contains a carrier liquid and particles formed with a composition containing a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge controlling agent comprising a charge controlling substance containing an ionic or neutral substance, wherein the charge controlling substance containing an ionic or neutral substance is supported by an inorganic porous material.

Abstract: A liquid toner comprising: a carrier liquid; and toner particles dispersed in the carrier liquid, said toner particles comprising: a polymer blend comprising: a first polymer comprising a minor portion of said blend and having a relatively higher chemical bonding reactivity with paper, comprising a polymer chosen from the group consisting of maleic anhydride terpolymer, maleic anhydride grafted linear low density polyethylene; maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene copolymer and maleic anhydride grafted linear ethylene acetate polymer; and a second polymer comprising a major portion of said blend and having a relatively lower or null chemical bonding reactivity with paper, said first polymer being in a proportion of between 2% and less than 10% of the blend.

Abstract: Liquid electrographic toners are derived from organosols incorporating amphipathic copolymeric binder particles that include polymerizable, crystallizable compounds chemically incorporated into the dispersed portion of the copolymer. The invention further provides organosols that include amphipathic copolymeric binder particles that include a dispersed (D) portion and a solvated (S) portion, wherein the D portion has a high glass transition temperature, and at least one polymerizable, crystallizable compound is chemically incorporated into the D portion, the S portion, or both the D and S portion of the copolymer. Methods of making and electrographically printing liquid toners derived from these organosols are also described. The invention is particularly suited for preparing liquid toners for electrophotographic printing.

Abstract: Positive liquid electrographic toner compositions are provided comprising a liquid carrier having a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL and a plurality of positively charged toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The toner particles comprise a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic graft copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a charge control adjuvant that is an acid or a base. These compositions have surprising bulk conductivity and charge per mass properties, particularly as the toner particles are depleted from the toner composition during printing operations.

Abstract: Electrophotographic ink compositions display reduced malodor effects when at least one antagonistic odor vector compound for C10, C11 and C12 hydrocarbons is present in the ink composition. The use of appropriate amounts of the antagonistic odor vector compounds for C10, C11 and C12 hydrocarbons does not adversely affect the functional imaging properties of the ink.

Abstract: A liquid developer for high-quality image reproduction and a method of preparing the liquid developer. The liquid developer exhibits good pigment dispersion by the introduction of organosol. The liquid developer contains fine toner particles of a uniform size with a volume-average to number-average particle diameter ratio of 1.5-2.5, and thus can produce high-resolution images. The liquid developer preparation method is environmentally friendly, simple, and cost effective because no cosolvent is used, thus eliminating the need for a cosolvent removal process.

Abstract: A liquid recording material containing at least a carrier liquid, a resin, a coloring agent, and a reactive silicone material, an image transfer sheet for use with the liquid recording material, and a method of fixing images, using the liquid recording material, are disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a dispersion composition which has excellent dispersion stability and hardly sediments even after a long-term storage. This dispersion composition is a composition comprising a particulate material dispersed in an organic solvent, wherein a graft copolymer which has a particle diameter of 0.01-1 ?m and self-disperses in said organic solvent is adsorbed to at least a part of the outer surface of said particulate material and a graft chain of said graft copolymer comprises a polysiloxane and an alkylene group of 1-18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid ink for developing electrophotography images comprises: a) a carrier liquid having a Kauri-Butanol number less than 30; b) a grafted co-polymer comprising a (co)polymeric steric stabilizer covalently bonded to a thermoplastic (co)polymeric core that is insoluble in the carrier liquid, wherein the grafted co-polymer is derived from at least a polymerizable organic compound having at least one acid group or at least one acid group; c) a dispersant having, respectively, at least an amine group or at least one acid group to form an acid-base copolymer-dispersant system or a base-acid copolymer-dispersant system, wherein the mole ratio of the amine group to the acid group is between 0.3 and 1.5 in the base-acid copolymer-dispersant system and the mole ratio of the acid group to the base group in the acid-base copolymer dispersant system is between 0.3 and 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid toner composition suited for development of electrostatic charge images, magnetic patterns or DEP (Direct Electrostatic Printing). More specifically the present invention relates to a specific liquid toner composition allowing transfusing of the toner image from a temporary carrier to the final substrate at low temperature.

Abstract: A liquid developer capable of preventing each of the disadvantages of uneven development density caused by uneven distribution of colored particles, poor transfer due to an insufficient amount of the liquid, and poor fixing due to an excess amount of the liquid, without complicating handling with the generation of volatile gas. Present on the surface of toner particles to be dispersed in a carrier liquid made of dimethyl silicone are a silicone group of one-end methacryloxy-modified silicone and a basic group. The silicone group prevents agglutination of the toner particles with each other. The silicone group functions as an affinity group and provides the toner particles with an affinity to the carrier liquid. Thus, it becomes possible to disperse the toner particles uniformly in the carrier liquid. Besides, the basic group on the surface of toner particles allows the toner particles to ensure the desired charge amount.

Abstract: A process including: dispersing a first liquid developer concentrate comprising a resin, a colorant, and a liquid developer reconstitution compound, in a carrier liquid, into additional carrier liquid to form a second liquid developer; depositing the second liquid developer onto a liquid receiver member to form a developer cake; developing an image with the developer cake; reclaiming undeveloped developer cake from the cake bearing liquid receiver member; and redispersing the reclaimed undeveloped developer cake in the second developer liquid.

Abstract: A liquid toner or toner concentrate comprising: pigmented toner particles in an amount of 0.5% to 20% by weight; a carrier liquid comprising: a liquid hydrocarbon; a silicone based additive; and a charge director, wherein the silicone based additive comprises a release life enhancer additive chosen from the group consisting of: a liquid silicone material having a viscosity of at least 5,000 centistokes; a silicone gum; a silicone surfactant; and a non-reactive silicone fluid.

Abstract: A toner or developer for electrostatic images including a carrier liquid and insoluble marking particles. The carrier liquid comprises or includes a polybutene. The polybutene may be present in a range of 20 to 98 percent by weight. The carrier liquid can also includes one or a blend of other carrier liquids selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, silicone fluids and vegetable oils. The insoluble marking particle is present in the range of 2 to 40 percent by weight of the toner or developer.

Abstract: A liquid developer and the like which have good storage stability and can enable formation of high-quality images stably over a long period of time. The liquid developer of the present invention comprises: an insulating carrier liquid; toner particles insoluble in the insulating carrier liquid, and containing a colorant and a binder resin; and at least one of a silane coupling agent and an alkoxy-modified silicone. The silane coupling agent has at least one functional group selected from amino groups, methacryloxy groups, epoxy groups, isocyanate groups, mercapto groups, and vinyl groups.

Abstract: A method of forming a printed circuit board with a metal power plane layer between two photoimageable dielectric layers is provided. Photoformed metal filled vias and plated through holes are in the photopatternable material, and signal circuitry is on the surfaces of each of the dielectric materials connected to the vias and plated through holes. A border may be around the board including a metal layer terminating in from the edge of one of the dielectric layers. Copper foil with clearance holes is provided. First and second layers of photoimageable curable dielectric material are on opposite sides of the copper. Patterns are developed on the first and second layers of the photoimageable material to reveal the metal layer through vias. Through holes are developed where holes were patterned in both dielectric layers. The surfaces of the photoimageable material, vias and through holes are metallized by copper plating, preferably using photoresist.

Abstract: Electrophotographic ink compositions display reduced malodor effects when at least one antagonistic odor vector compound for C10, C11 and C12 hydrocarbons is present in the ink composition. The use of appropriate amounts of the antagonistic odor vector compounds for C10, C11 and C12 hydrocarbons does not adversely affect the functional imaging properties of the ink.

Abstract: Liquid electrographic toners are derived from organosols incorporating amphipathic copolymeric binder particles that include polymerizable, crystallizable compounds chemically incorporated into the dispersed portion of the copolymer. The invention further provides organosols that include amphipathic copolymeric binder particles that include a dispersed (D) portion and a solvated (S) portion, wherein the D portion has a high glass transition temperature, and at least one polymerizable, crystallizable compound is chemically incorporated into the D portion, the S portion, or both the D and S portion of the copolymer. Methods of making and electrographically printing liquid toners derived from these organosols are also described. The invention is particularly suited for preparing liquid toners for electrophotographic printing.

Abstract: A liquid developer for high-quality image reproduction and a method of preparing the liquid developer. The liquid developer exhibits good pigment dispersion by the introduction of organosol. The liquid developer contains fine toner particles of a uniform size with a volume-average to number-average particle diameter ratio of 1.5-2.5, and thus can produce high-resolution images. The liquid developer preparation method is environmentally friendly, simple, and cost effective because no cosolvent is used, thus eliminating the need for a cosolvent removal process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid toner composition suited for development of electrostatic charge images, magnetic patterns or DEP (Direct Electrostatic Printing). More specifically the present invention relates to a specific liquid toner composition allowing transfusing of the toner image from a temporary carrier to the final substrate at low temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to a phase change developer comprising: (a) a carrier having a Kauri-butanol number less than 30; and (b) an organosol comprising a graft (co)polymeric steric stabilizer covalently bonded to a thermoplastic (co)polymeric core that is insoluble in said carrier, and said (co)polymeric steric stabilizer comprises a crystallizing polymeric moiety that independently and reversibly crystallizes at or above 30° C., wherein said phase change developer has a melting point at or above 22° C.

Abstract: There is provided a dispersion composition which has excellent dispersion stability and hardly sediments even after a long-term storage. This dispersion composition is a composition comprising a particulate material dispersed in an organic solvent, wherein a graft copolymer which has a particle diameter of 0.01-1 &mgr;m and self-disperses in said organic solvent is adsorbed to at least a part of the outer surface of said particulate material and a graft chain of said graft copolymer comprises a polysiloxane and an alkylene group of 1-18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid toner comprising: a carrier liquid; and toner particles dispersed in the carrier liquid, said toner particles comprising: a polymer blend comprising: a first polymer comprising a minor portion of said blend and having a relatively higher chemical reactivity with paper; and a second polymer comprising a major portion of said blend and having a relatively lower or null chemical reactivity with paper.

Abstract: A liquid recording material containing at least a carrier liquid, a resin, a coloring agent, and a reactive silicone material, an image transfer sheet for use with the liquid recording material, and a method of fixing images, using the liquid recording material, are disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid developer and the like which have good storage stability and can enable formation of high-quality images stably over a long period of time. The liquid developer of the present invention comprises: an insulating carrier liquid; toner particles insoluble in the insulating carrier liquid, and containing a colorant and a binder resin; and at least one of a silane coupling agent and an alkoxy-modified silicone. The silane coupling agent has at least one functional group selected from amino groups, methacryloxy groups, epoxy groups, isocyanate groups, mercapto groups, and vinyl groups.

Abstract: A liquid ink for developing electrophotography images comprises:

Abstract: A toner or developer for electrostatic images including a carrier liquid and insoluble marking particles. The carrier liquid comprises or includes a polybutene. The polybutene may be present in a range of 20 to 98 percent by weight. The carrier liquid can also includes one or a blend of other carrier liquids selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, silicone fluids and vegetable oils. The insoluble marking particle is present in the range of 2 to 40 percent by weight of the toner or developer.

Abstract: A liquid recording material containing at least a carrier liquid, a resin, a coloring agent, and a reactive silicone material, an image transfer sheet for use with the liquid recording material, and a method of fixing images, using the liquid recording material, are disclosed.

Abstract: An oilless toner including at least (A) a cyclic olefin resin; (B) a resin having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds therein; and (C) a wax.

Abstract: This invention relates to a phase change developer comprising:

Abstract: An imaging apparatus including a support member including a support surface for supporting a layer of marking material; a marking material supply apparatus for depositing marking material on the surface of the support member to form a layer of marking material thereon; a charging source for selectively delivering charge species to the layer of marking material in an imagewise manner to form an electrostatic latent image in the layer of marking material, wherein the electrostatic latent image includes image areas defined by a first charge voltage and nonimage areas defined by a second charge voltage distinguishable from the first charge voltage; and a separator member for selectively separating portions of the marking material layer in accordance with the latent image in the marking material layer to create a developed image and wherein said marking material is comprised of a liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, resin, colorant, and a charge acceptance component comprised of a cyclodextrin.

Abstract: A liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, thermoplastic resin, colorant, and a silica charge acceptance additive.

Abstract: A liquid developer containing a carrier liquid containing silicone oil, and toner particles dispersed in the carrier liquid and each containing a coloring agent and a resin, the resin contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of the following resins (a)-(g): (a): rosin polymers having a softening point of 50-190° C., a glass transition point of 10-170° C. and a molecular weight of 2,000-40,000 and obtained by reacting (a1) a rosin glycidyl ester, (a2) dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic anhydride, (a3) at least one crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of polyfunctional epoxy compounds, tri- or more polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof tri- or more polyhydric alcohols, and (a4) a dihydric alcohol; (b): vinyl polymers having a ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight of greater than 4; (c): olefin resins having a melt index of 2.5-700; (d): polyolefins or polyolefin copolymers having an acid value of 0.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus comprising a support member including a support surface for supporting a layer of marking material; a marking material supply apparatus for depositing marking material on the surface of said support member to form a layer of marking material thereon; a charging source for selectively delivering charge species to the layer of marking material in an imagewise manner to form an electrostatic latent image in the layer of marking material, wherein the electrostatic latent image includes image areas with a first charge voltage and nonimage areas with a second charge voltage distinguishable from the: first charge voltage; and a separator member for selectively separating portions of the marking material layer in accordance with the latent image in the marking material layer to create a developed image and wherein said marking material is comprised of a liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, resin, colorant, and a charge acceptance component comprised of a aluminum complex.

Abstract: A liquid toner for electrostatic imaging which includes: an insulating non-polar carrier liquid, at least one charge director and toner particles dispersed in the carrier liquid. The particles include a core material which is unchargeable or weakly chargeable by the at least one charge director, but which is otherwise suitable for use as a toner material and a coating of at least one ionomer component in an amount effective to impart enhanced chargeability to the ordinarily unchargeable or weakly chargeable particles.

Abstract: A liquid recording material containing at least a carrier liquid, a resin, a coloring agent, and a reactive silicone material, an image transfer sheet for use with the liquid recording material, and a method of fixing images, using the liquid recording material, are disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid developer contains, for example, a nonpolar liquid, thermoplastic resin, optional colorant, and an inorganic filler

Abstract: A liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, resin, optional colorant, and an alkaline earth charge acceptance additive.

Abstract: A liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, thermoplastic resin, optional colorant, and an alumina charge acceptance additive.