Process Of Making Radiation-sensitive Composition Patents (Class 430/135)
-
Patent number: 6524763Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a material which takes on a color or which changes its colors when selectively sensitized by ionizing radiation (especially by low doses of radiation) and which is not sensitive to visible and ultraviolet light etc. This is achieved by microcapsules containing a radiation sensitive composition comprising leuco compounds (a) and organic halogen compounds (b) as indispensable components.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignees: The Japan Atomic Power Company, Nuclear Fuel Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Yuji Kuroda, Masahiko Seki, Yumiko Fujita, Mitsuto Montani, Takeshi Sakai, Shozo Suefuku, Hiroyuki Nakazumi
-
Patent number: 6524761Abstract: A mixture is made of a plurality of different titanyltetraazaporphyrin compounds, each of which is represented by formula (1): wherein A, B, C and D are each independently an unsubstituted or substituted benzene ring or pyridine ring, a substituent thereof being selected from the group consisting of nitro group, cyano group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and an aryl group. The above-mentioned mixture is contained in a photoconductive layer of an electrophotographic photoconductor as a photoconductive material.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Tomoyuki Shimada, Masayuki Shoshi, Kaoru Tadokoro, Chiaki Tanaka, Michihiko Namba
-
Patent number: 6514651Abstract: A composite metal phthalocyanine crystal particle is disclosed. In the composite metal phthalocyanine crystal particle, metal phthalocyanine compound A in an amount of at least 0.001 to less than 0.1 weight part is uniformly dispersed at the molecular level in 100 weight parts of metal phthalocyanine compound B which has a different chemical structure from said metal phthalocyanine compound A.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2000Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: Konica CorporationInventor: Hirofumi Hayata
-
Publication number: 20030013029Abstract: A process including: forming a first chlorogallium phthalocyanine (ClGaPc) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to form a ClGaPc (NMP) Type-I product; forming a second chlorogallium phthalocyanine in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to form a ClGaPc (DMSO) Type-I product; separately dry milling and then wet treating the Type-I products to form respective Type-II products; blending the Type-II products together along with a resin to form a coating mixture; and coating the mixture to form a charge generator layer in an electrostatographic imaging article.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 23, 2001Publication date: January 16, 2003Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Richard A. Burt, George Liebermann, Cheng-Kuo Hsiao, Ah-Mee Hor
-
Patent number: 6492080Abstract: A process including: forming a first chlorogallium phthalocyanine (ClGaPc) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to form a ClGaPc (NMP) Type-I product; forming a second chlorogallium phthalocyanine in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to form a ClGaPc (DMSO) Type-I product; separately dry milling and then wet treating the Type-I products to form respective Type-II products; blending the Type-II products together along with a resin to form a coating mixture; and coating the mixture to form a charge generator layer in an electrostatographic imaging article.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 2001Date of Patent: December 10, 2002Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Richard A. Burt, George Liebermann, Cheng-Kuo Hsiao, Ah-Mee Hor
-
Patent number: 6458501Abstract: The latex of an emulsion aggregation toner is prepared without the use of a surfactant. The process comprises preparing an emulsion of monomers in water without a surfactant; adding a free radical initiator to at least a portion of the emulsion to initiate seed polymerization to form seed polymer, wherein the free radical initiator attaches to the seed polymer to form ionic, hydrophilic end groups on the seed polymer; and adding additional monomer to the composition to complete polymerization to form a latex polymer.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1999Date of Patent: October 1, 2002Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Chieh-Min Cheng, Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz, Allan K. Chen
-
Patent number: 6440631Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member has a layer. The process has the step of forming the layer by the use of a dispersion obtained by ejecting a pressurized fluid from an orifice into a hollow member having a diameter larger than the diameter of the orifice, to disperse a material to be dispersed. The fluid is ejected in substantially an unatomized state.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1999Date of Patent: August 27, 2002Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoichi Kawamorita, Takao Soma
-
Patent number: 6423459Abstract: A photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoconductor has at least one phthalocyanine compound, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a metal phthalocyanine compound bonded by an o-phthalonitrile compound as a ligand. The o-phthalonitrile ligand is present in an amount from about 100 nmol to about 200 nmol with respect to 1 mol of the phthalocyanine. The resulting electrophotographic photoconductor exhibits a high potential retention rate. A method for making such an electrophotographic photoconductor is also disclosed wherein a photosensitive layer is formed by coating, with a coating layer, to obtain a photosensitive layer having a high potential retention rate.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2000Date of Patent: July 23, 2002Assignee: Fuji Electric Imaging Device Co., Ltd.Inventors: Teruo Sasaki, Kenichi Hara, Yoichi Nakamura, Shinjirou Suzuki, Hideki Kina
-
Patent number: 6391505Abstract: Disclosed are a phthalocyanine crystal in which an organic acceptor compound is associated with a phthalocyanine molecule, wherein said organic acceptor compound has a reduction potential to a reference electrode (Ag+/Ag) is not less than −1.5 V and not more than −0.5 V, and an electrophotosensitive material containing said phthalocyanine crystal as an electric charge generating material, which exhibits sufficient photosensitivity even in high-speed image forming apparatuses.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 2000Date of Patent: May 21, 2002Assignee: Kyocera Mita CorporationInventors: Kazunari Hamasaki, Yukimasa Watanabe
-
Publication number: 20020048710Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge generating material and a charge transfer material.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 12, 2001Publication date: April 25, 2002Inventors: Takakazu Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Kunieda, Yuka Nakajima, Harunobu Ohgaki
-
Patent number: 6352809Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which includes contacting a solution containing at least one of optically functional organosilicon compounds represented by formula (I) F—[D—A]b (I) with a solid catalyst for reaction, then separating the solid catalyst to form an optically functional coating solution, and coating and curing the optically functional coating solution to form a cured film, an electrophotographic photoreceptor having at least one layer made of the cured film produced by this process, and an image-forming apparatus having the same.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 2000Date of Patent: March 5, 2002Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Katsumi Nukada, Wataru Yamada, Kazuhiro Koseki, Tomozumi Uesaka
-
Patent number: 6350553Abstract: A photoconductor comprises a substrate and at least one layer. The at least one layer is selected from the group consisting of charge transfer layers comprising a charge transfer molecule, polycarbonate and a first polyaryl ether selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketones, poly(aryl-perfluoroaryl ether)s, polyaryletherketone-hydrazones, polyaryletherketone-azines and mixtures and copolymers thereof; charge generating layers comprising a pigment, a polyvinylbutyral and a second polyaryl ether selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketones, polyarylethersulfones and mixtures and copolymers thereof; and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 2001Date of Patent: February 26, 2002Assignee: Lexmark International, Inc.Inventor: Kasturi R. Srinivasan
-
Patent number: 6331590Abstract: The present invention relates to homopolymer and copolymer waxes which have been prepared by polymerization using metallocene compounds in the presence of hydrogen and have a melt viscosity of less then 100 mPas, measured at 170° C. As a result of their high thermal stabillty, these waxes display neither discoloration nor crosslinking reactions and are vary well suited for use in toners, for plastics processing, for masterbatches, for printing inks, surface coatings and melt adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 2000Date of Patent: December 18, 2001Assignee: Clariant GmbHInventors: Hans-Friedrich Herrmann, Gerd Hohner
-
Publication number: 20010023047Abstract: A photoconductor comprises a substrate and at least one layer. The at least one layer is selected from the group consisting of charge transfer layers comprising a charge transfer molecule, polycarbonate and a first polyaryl ether selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketones, poly(aryl-perfluoroaryl ether)s, polyaryletherketone-hydrazones, polyaryletherketone-azines and mixtures and copolymers thereof; charge generating layers comprising a pigment, a polyvinylbutyral and a second polyaryl ether selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketones, polyarylethersulfones and mixtures and copolymers thereof; and mixtures thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 23, 2001Publication date: September 20, 2001Inventor: Kasturi R. Srinivasan
-
Patent number: 6231958Abstract: A heat-shrinkable polyester film including: a repeating unit of trimethyleneterephtalate of 5-30% by mole; a repeating unit of 2,2-dimethyl(-1,3-propylene)terephtalate of 5-30% by mole of the total composition; and a repeating unit of ethyleneterephtalate for the balance. The heat-shrinkable polyester film has excellent printability, mechanical properties, film-and-flux adhesiveness and shrinkage properties, and ease of drawing process. Thus, the heat-shrinkable polyester film can be used as labels or coverings for a variety of containers.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 2000Date of Patent: May 15, 2001Assignee: SKC Co., Ltd.Inventors: Nam-il Kim, Sang-il Kim
-
Patent number: 6200720Abstract: A graft resin having a structure of the formula (1) and having a number average molecular weight of 2,000 to 50,000, has excellent low-temperature moldability and exhibits an excellent shelf life against softening when stored at high temperatures, and an electrostatic charge developing toner containing the above graft resin as a binder exhibits excellent low-temperature fixing properties, developability and transferability without impairing the shelf life.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1999Date of Patent: March 13, 2001Assignee: Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd.Inventor: Toshio Tagami
-
Patent number: 6190818Abstract: A process for forming a dispersion including forming a mixture including agglomerates of primary particles, a film forming binder and a solvent for the binder, the primary particles having an average size of less than about 500 nanometers, applying sufficient heat energy to the mixture while stirring to disintegrate the agglomerates into separate primary particles having an average size of less than about 500 nanometers to form a dispersion substantially free of agglomerates, and slowly cooling the dispersion to maintain separation between the primary particles in the dispersion.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 2000Date of Patent: February 20, 2001Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Andronique Ioannidis, Markus R. Silvestri, Andrew R. Melnyk, Harry F. Freitas, Jr., John S. Chambers, Harold F. Hammond, Cindy C. Chen
-
Patent number: 6132911Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic pigment including the steps of providing an organic pigment wet cake which includes at least an organic pigment and a solvent and drying the organic pigment wet cake while the wet cake is heated at a temperature higher than room temperature to prepare a powder of the organic pigment, wherein the organic pigment is present in the organic pigment wet cake in an amount of not greater than about 70% by weight.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1999Date of Patent: October 17, 2000Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventor: Tatsuya Niimi
-
Patent number: 6090200Abstract: Nanocrystalline phosphors are formed within a bicontinuous cubic phase. The phosphors are doped with an optimum concentration, of manganese, for example, corresponding to about one or less dopant ions per phosphor particle.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1997Date of Patent: July 18, 2000Inventors: Henry F. Gray, Jianping Yang, David S. Y. Hsu, Banhalli R. Ratna, Syed B. Qadri
-
Patent number: 6068958Abstract: A family of photoreceptors for use in electrophotography are disclosed which contain a binary charge generation composition of oxytitanium phthalocyanine and copper phthalocyanine. The charge generation composition exhibits adjustable photosensitivity by adjusting a ratio between said oxytitanium phthalocyanine and said copper phthalocyanine. To optimize its performance, the charge generation composition is subject to an ammonia-modified complexation-mediated crystal transformation, and the resultant composition is characterized by Bragg diffraction angles (2.theta..+-.2.degree.) of 7.7, 9.4, 10.7, 13.3, 15.2, 15.7, 26.3, 27.4, and 28.4 degrees with respect to the CuK.alpha. characteristic X-ray wavelength at 1.54 .ANG. and absorption maxima centered around 615, 690, and 770 nm in the optical absorption spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1998Date of Patent: May 30, 2000Assignee: Sinonar CorporationInventors: Chen-Jen Yang, Kuo-Chu Yeh, Tsong-Shin Jean, Kai-Der Ker
-
Patent number: 6066427Abstract: Charge generation layers comprise a type I polymorph of titanyl phthalocyanine prepared by pre-milling a type IV polymorph in a media mill. Dual layer photoconductors comprise the charge generation layer in combination with a substrate and a charge transport layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 1999Date of Patent: May 23, 2000Assignee: Lexmark International, Inc.Inventors: David Glenn Black, Laura Lee Kierstein, Ronald Harold Levin
-
Patent number: 6057075Abstract: A method for fabricating a photoreceptor including: (a) preparing a first stable coating dispersion including a solvent, a first polymer, and a charge generating material; and (b) diluting the concentration of the charge generating material by adding an amount of a second polymer to the first stable coating dispersion without losing the dispersion stability thereof, thereby resulting in a second stable coating dispersion.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1998Date of Patent: May 2, 2000Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Huoy-Jen Yuh, Cindy C. Chen, Rachael A. Forgit, John S. Chambers
-
Patent number: 6017665Abstract: Charge generation layers and charge transport layers which are prepared by coating a substrate with a coating solution prepared by mixing:(A) a binder;(B) a charge generation material or a charge transport material; and(C) an organosilanc of the formula:R.sub.x Si(OR').sub.4-xwherein:R is ##STR1## R' is H- or C.sub.1-4 -alkyl; and x is an integer of 1 to 3,in a suitable solvent, exhibit enhanced adhesion to the substrate, and organic photoconductive imaging receptors which contain such a charge generation layer and/or charge transport layer exhibit improved lifetimes.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1998Date of Patent: January 25, 2000Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical AmericaInventors: Guerry L. Grune, Richard R. Harris
-
Patent number: 5985505Abstract: A process including mixing a slurry of HOGaPc Type I polymorph, under low shear and high flow, in an organic solvent, wherein there results a HOGaPc Type V polymorph with superior electrophotographic imaging properties.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1999Date of Patent: November 16, 1999Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Paul C. Lincoln, Edouard E. Langlois, Daniel M. McNeil
-
Patent number: 5900472Abstract: Copolymerizable benzophenone photoinitiators of the formula I ##STR1## wherein 1, k=0, 1, 2.R.sub.1 =divalent organic group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 =H or methyl; andR.sub.3, R.sub.4 =organic group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms.X, Y=hydrogen, halogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.25) groups containing N, S, and/or O;and method of making the photoinitiators.The photoinitiators overcome the leaching problem with prior photoinitiators in radiation curable polymer applications. Radiation curable polymers, cured polymers, and coated articles are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1996Date of Patent: May 4, 1999Assignee: Sartomer TechnologyInventors: Mingxin Fan, Gary W. Ceska, James Horgan
-
Patent number: 5876891Abstract: An alternating copolymer comprising a repeating unit of the formula:--Z--(X--Y).sub.n-- (I)wherein n is at least 2, X is O, S, Se or Te, and Y and Z are independently an aromatic or substituted aromatic group, and at least one other repeating unit, which is useful as a photosensitive material used in a spatial light modulator.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1995Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akio Takimoto, Hirofumi Wakemoto, Eiichiro Tanaka, Masanori Watanabe, Junko Asayama, Hisahito Ogawa, Shigehiro Sato, Fumiko Yokotani
-
Patent number: 5863683Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor composed of an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which contains as a charge generating material an azo pigment subjected to a salt milling process.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1996Date of Patent: January 26, 1999Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Katsuichi Ohta, Masaomi Sasaki, Tamotsu Aruga
-
Patent number: 5817264Abstract: A process for the preparation of a thermal diffusion transfer component comprising: dissolving an organic pigment in a Lewis acid and a polar aprotic solvent to form a pigment solution; coating the solution on a substrate; optionally washing the coated substrate with a protic solvent to remove the Lewis acid and the aprotic solvent; and optionally drying the coated substrate.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1997Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Bing R. Hsieh
-
Patent number: 5789522Abstract: The invention is directed to purification of phenolic resins and to a process for preparing an organic photoresist coating composition. The process comprises reacting one or more phenols to form a crude phenolic resin. The crude phenolic resin formed is then separated from its reaction mixture and dissolved in an aqueous insoluble organic solvent in an organic solvent that is a solvent for the photoresist coating composition. The solution so formed is then mixed with an aqueous phase to extract water soluble impurities from the resin solution into the aqueous phase. Finally, the purified resin solution is further diluted with additional photoresist solvent.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1996Date of Patent: August 4, 1998Assignee: Shipley Company, L.L.C.Inventors: Anthony Zampini, Suzanne M. Coley
-
Patent number: 5786121Abstract: A process is for producing electrophotographically active titanylphthalocyanine. In the process, which has an improved space-time yield, titanylphthalocyanine is dissolved in pentafluoropropionic acid and a solvent of the group comprising halogenated alkanes/aromatic compounds or halogenated alkanes/aromatic compounds and sulphonic acids. The active form is precipitated by precipitation with water in the presence of a further polar organic solvent. A mixture of pentafluoropropionic acid and methylene chloride and a mixture of p-toluene sulphonic acid and methane sulphonic acid are particularly suitable as solvents. The precipitated product processes very good electrophotographic properties.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1997Date of Patent: July 28, 1998Assignee: Syntec Gesellschaft fur Chemie und Technologie der Informationsaufzeichnu ng mbHInventors: Andreas M. Richter, Roland Ackermann, Manfred Lutz, Hans-Josef Humpert
-
Patent number: 5776650Abstract: A charge generation layer and a method of manufacturing a charge generation layer of a highly sensitive organic photoconductor for electrophotography is provided, wherein the charge generation layer is formed by using a dispersion liquid in which an organic pigment or dye is so dispersed as to be fully utilized as a charge generation agent. The organic pigment or dye is dispersed and pulverized in a dispersing solvent, with ball-shaped pulverizing media of about 0.1 to about 0.3 mm in diameter, to an average particle size of from about 0.1 to about 0.3 .mu.m. The ratio of the organic pigment or dye to the solid components of the dispersion liquid is set at about 5 to about 95 weight %. The ball-shaped pulverizing media are removed from the dispersion liquid prior to dip coat formation of the charge generation layer. The total weight of the ball-shaped pulverizing media is set at about 0.25 to about 5 times as heavy as the weight of the dispersion liquid.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1996Date of Patent: July 7, 1998Assignee: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kei Hashimoto, Nobuyoshi Mori
-
Patent number: 5773181Abstract: Phthalocyanine compositions and prepartion methods. In a method, first, a phthalocyanine mixture is synthesized that has a plurality of differently substituted phthalocyanines selected from the group consisting of compounds having the general structure: ##STR1## M represents a pair of hydrogen atoms or a covalent or coordinate bonded moiety including a metal atom. Each T substituent is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, and alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbons. There are at least two different T substituents. The smallest T substituent has a van der Waal's radius that differs from the radius of the largest T substituent by less than about 50 percent of the radius of the smallest substituent. The amorphousness of the phthalocyanine mixture is then imcreased. The amorphous mixture is then contacted with organic solvent having a gamma.sub.c hydrogen bonding parameter of less than 8.0.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1995Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Michel F. Molaire, Jeanne Ellen Kaeding, William Tod Gruenbaum
-
Patent number: 5773184Abstract: Type I titanyl phthalocyanine is mixed with a solution of one part dihaloacetic acid and four parts methylene chloride by volume. This is then added to a solution of equal parts by volume of water and methanol, and the recovered phthalocyanine is washed. The resulting polymorph has improved photoresponsive speed. A photoconductor employing the polymorph can be an anodized aluminum drum having a coating of the polymorph in a resin binder, with a further coating of a known charge transport material in a resin binder.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 1997Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Assignee: Lexmark International, Inc.Inventors: Sterritt Ray Fuller, Jr., Ronald Harold Levin, Jennifer Kaye Neely
-
Patent number: 5766810Abstract: Amorphous and cocrystallized unsubstituted titanyl phthalocyanine-titanyl fluorophthalocyanine compositions, preparation methods, and electrophotographic elements utilizing the compositions. The method has the steps of: admixing crude titanyl phthalocyanine and crude titanyl fluorophthalocyanine to provide a pigment mixture; increasing the amorphousness of the pigment mixture as determined by X-ray crystallography using X-radiation characteristic of Cu K.alpha. at a wavelength of 1.541 .ANG. of the Bragg angle 2.theta. to provide an amorphous pigment mixture; contacting the amorphous pigment mixture with a non-crystallizing solvent.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1996Date of Patent: June 16, 1998Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Michel F. Molaire, Jeanne E. Kaeding
-
Patent number: 5759636Abstract: A method for forming electrographic imaging elements comprising a uniform dielectric layer is disclosed. The method comprises coating a conductive coating composition containing polymerizable precursors onto a base, curing the composition to form a conductive layer, and coating a dielectric layer on top of the conductive layer. The elements can be used to produce images have higher image density, reduced background, reduced grain, reduced mottle, reduced overtoning, and greater small-scale uniformity than comparable images formed on electrographic imaging elements produced by other methods. The elements are particularly useful for forming large size colored images, such as are required for posters, displays, other indoor advertising.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1996Date of Patent: June 2, 1998Assignee: Rexam Graphics, Inc.Inventors: Dene Harvey Taylor, Everett Wyman Bennett, Richard Scott Himmelwright, Douglas Allan Cahill, Weitong Shi
-
Patent number: 5693396Abstract: A near infrared light-absorbing dye comprising phthalocyanine compounds represented by the following formula (2): ##STR1## wherein in formula (2), M is two hydrogen atoms, a divalent metallic atom, a trivalent monosubstituted metallic atom, a tetravalent disubstituted metallic atom or an oxymetal atom, and L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3 and L.sup.4 are each independently formula (a) or (b), ##STR2## in the formula (a) or (b), R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are each a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and R.sup.2 is a straight chain or branched halogenated alkyl or alkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms,X is a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, and m is an integer of 1 to 12, provided that formula (2) represents a mixture of L.sup.1 =L.sup.2 =L.sup.3 =L.sup.4 =formula (a), L.sup.1 =L.sup.2 =L.sup.4 =formula (a) and L.sup.3 =formula (b), L.sup.1 =L.sup.4 =formula (a) and L.sup.2 =L.sup.3 =formula (b), L.sup.1 =L.sup.3 =formula (a) and L.sup.2 =L.sup.4 =formula (b), L.sup.1 =formula (a) and L.sup.2 =L.sup.3 =L.sup.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1996Date of Patent: December 2, 1997Assignees: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc., Yamamoto Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Tsutami Misawa, Kenichi Sugimoto, Taizo Nishimoto, Takeshi Tsuda, Keisuke Takuma
-
Patent number: 5686216Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive member having an excellent durability. A sensitizing solution is prepared by adding a polyester resin (resin A) synthesized using an isophthalic acid, neopentyl glycol, phthalic anhydride and adipic acid, other polyester resins, an X-form metal free phthalocyanine as a phthalocyanine type photoconductive compound and a curing agent to a solvent, and is dip-coated on a polyamide layer on an aluminum plate and then dried and cured to give a photosensitive member.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1995Date of Patent: November 11, 1997Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kazuki Kubo, Takamitsu Fujimoto, Suguru Nagae, Toshio Kobayashi, Kazuko Wakita
-
Patent number: 5567559Abstract: An ammonia-modified titanyl phthalocyanine for use in preparing charge generating layer of a photoreceptor is disclosed. The ammonia-modified titanyl phthalocyanine is obtained by a process comprising the following steps: (a) reacting titanium tetrachloride with halogen-containing naphthalene to obtain an unmodified titanyl phthalocyanine; (b) dispersing the unmodified titanyl phthalocyanine in an organic solvent; and (c) subjecting the unmodified titanyl phthalocyanine to an ammonia-induced complexation-mediated crystal transformation so as to obtain the ammonia-modified titanyl phthalocyanine. The ammonia-induced complexation-mediated crystal transformation step can be achieved by either bubbling ammonia gas through the titanyl phthalocyanine-containing organic solution or by adding an ammonia-saturated aqueous solution to the titanyl phthalocyanine-containing organic solution. The ammonia-modified titanyl phthalocyanine is characterized by having Bragg diffraction angles of 7.5, 9.3, 13.6, 14.3, 17.9, 24.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1995Date of Patent: October 22, 1996Assignees: Sinonar Corp., Industrial Technology Research InstituteInventors: Chen-Jen Yang, Tsong-Shin Jean, Lung-Tarn Wu, Ching-Liang Yang, Kuei-Fei Teng
-
Patent number: 5516617Abstract: There is disclosed a photoreceptor material reclaim method comprising: (a) centrifuging a first photoreceptor coating solution comprised of a liquid, a photoreceptor material, and impurities, resulting in a residue composition comprised of a lower density material including a portion of the photoreceptor material and a higher density material including a portion of the impurities and a supernatant composition; (b) drying the residue composition to remove a portion of the liquid in the residue composition; (c) grinding the dried residue composition; (d) separating the lower density material from the higher density material of the dried, ground residue composition; (e) forming a second photoreceptor coating solution comprised of the lower density material obtained by (d); and (f) depositing the second photoreceptor coating solution comprised of the lower density material on a substrate.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1995Date of Patent: May 14, 1996Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Mark C. Petropoulos, April M. Mattox, Martha J. Stegbauer, Richard J. Manzolati, John F. Yanus
-
Patent number: 5516875Abstract: This invention concerns positive-working photodefinable polyimide precursors which make use of chemical amplification based on photoacid catalyzed cleavage of acid labile-poly(amic acetal esters).Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1994Date of Patent: May 14, 1996Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Howard E. Simmons, III
-
Patent number: 5503955Abstract: A piezo-active charge retentive member, such as a photoreceptor, has a grounded electrode layer separating a photoreceptive layer and a piezo-active layer. External vibration sources become unnecessary since supplying an A.C. voltage across the piezo-active layer to the grounded electrode layer causes the piezo-active layer, and thus the entire photoreceptor, to vibrate. Vibration of the photoreceptor enhances the transfer of development powder from the photoreceptor to the transfer material, such as a sheet of paper. Vibration of the photoreceptor also improves the development of images and assists the cleaning of residual development powder from the photoreceptor surface.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1993Date of Patent: April 2, 1996Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Christopher Snelling, Joseph Mammino, Dale R. Mashtare
-
Patent number: 5494767Abstract: Disclosed are a phthalocyanine composition which comprises having main diffraction peaks at 7.5.degree., 22.5.degree., 24.3.degree., 25.3.degree. and 28.6.degree. of Bragg angles (2.theta..+-.0.2.degree.) in an X-ray diffraction spectrum with Cu K.alpha., a process for preparing the same, an electrophotographic photoreceptor using the same and a coating solution for a charge generation layer containing the same.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1994Date of Patent: February 27, 1996Assignee: Hitachi Chemical Company Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mikio Itagaki, Shigeru Hayashida, Megumi Matsui, Hiroko Ishikawa, Yoshii Morishita, Takayuki Akimoto
-
Patent number: 5484674Abstract: A process which comprises contacting the cis and trans isomers of benzimidazole perylene with cyclohexane.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1994Date of Patent: January 16, 1996Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Ah-Mee Hor, Charles G. Allen, Paul J. Gerroir
-
Patent number: 5482811Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydroxygallium phthalocyanines which comprises hydrolyzing a gallium phthalocyanine precursor pigment by dissolving said hydroxygallium phthalocyanine in a strong acid and then reprecipitating the resulting dissolved pigment in basic aqueous media; removing any ionic species formed by washing with water, concentrating the resulting aqueous slurry comprised of water and hydroxygallium phthalocyanine to a wet cake; removing water from said slurry by azeotropic distillation with an organic solvent, and subjecting said resulting pigment slurry to mixing with the addition of a second solvent to cause the formation of said hydroxygallium phthalocyanine polymorphs.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1994Date of Patent: January 9, 1996Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Barkev Keoshkerian, George Liebermann, Cheng-Kuo Hsiao, James D. Mayo, Dasarao K. Murti, Sandra J. Gardner
-
Patent number: 5462825Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes: a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer includes charge generating particles, a charge transporting material, and a binder resin, and the charge generating particles are made of a composition including a charge generating material dispersed in a binding medium.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1993Date of Patent: October 31, 1995Assignee: Mita Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masashi Tanaka, Toshiyuki Fukami, Masato Katsukawa, Hideo Nakamori
-
Patent number: 5449582Abstract: A process for preparing ultrafine pigment dispersions comprising providing a solubilized mixture of pigment-Lewis acid complex and an aprotic organic solvent; precipitating the resulting solubilized complex into a protic solvent thereby forming a dispersion of ultrafine pigment particles; removing the aprotic and protic solvents to afford a wet cake containing finely divided pigment particles; optionally neutralizing and washing the wet cake particles; and redispersing the resulting ultrafine pigment particles in an aqueous solution, an organic solvent, or mixtures thereof, and a binder resin to form an ultrafine pigment and binder resin dispersion.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1994Date of Patent: September 12, 1995Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Bing R. Hsieh, Andrew R. Melnyk, Jerry H. Taylor, Paul A. Harmer
-
Patent number: 5403692Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a high chargeability and a low dark decay is disclosed, which comprises an electrically conductive support having formed thereon a light-sensitive layer containing as a charge generating material a pigment which has been subjected to an acid washing treatment to lower the content of metal impurities below 500 ppm or less.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1993Date of Patent: April 4, 1995Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Motoko Yokokawa, Masaharu Shirai, Yuichi Yashiki, Wataru Nakabayashi, Isamu Ishiko, Kazuaki Aoki
-
Patent number: 5403687Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment which comprises dissolving the pigment into sulfuric acid and then mixing water with the pigment-sulfuric acid solution. The modified pigment is excellent in achieving uniform dispersion and has a small particle size. An electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the modified pigment as the organic photoconductor has uniform sensitivity, sufficient charge acceptance and small dark decay.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1993Date of Patent: April 4, 1995Assignee: Citizen Watch Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mizue Fujimori, Yorinobu Yamada
-
Patent number: 5395722Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, which comprises an electrically conductive substrate having formed thereon at least a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer, wherein said charge generating layer is formed using a dispersed coating liquid prepared by mechanically grinding a perylene pigment and dispersing the ground perylene pigment in water, an alcohol series solvent, or an acetic acid ester solvent. A process of producing the photoreceptor is also disclosed. The electrophotographic photoreceptor provides a long pot life and stabilized dispersibility and electric characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 1993Date of Patent: March 7, 1995Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Katsumi Nukada, Motoko Komatsu
-
Patent number: 5389477Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography comprises a conductive support and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive support, the photosensitive layer being made of X-type metal-free phthalocyanine, a resin binder, and an essential additive effective for improving electrophotographic or photosensitive characteristics or durability in repeated use wherein the X-type metal-free phthalocyanine is dispersed in the resin binder partly in a molecular state and partly in a particulate state. The essential additive includes electrolytically polymerized products, certain kinds of dyes, silane or polysilane compounds, hole and electron transport substances, titanyl or vanadyl phthalocyanine, electron acceptors, perylene compounds, amine derivatives, amino compounds, zinc oxide or the like.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1992Date of Patent: February 14, 1995Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sohji Tsuchiya, Atsushi Omote, Hiroki Kusayanagi, Yoshimasa Itoh, Takahiro Asano