Abstract: A phosphor screen which has an optical fiber plate formed of a number of bundled single optical fibers, each of which fibers consists essentially of a cylindrical core and a clad surrounding the curved peripheral wall of the core and a phosphor layer formed on one surface of the optical fiber plate, characterized in that the cylindrical core on the other surface of the optical fiber plate is removed, to provide a depression of a depth of at least 1 .mu.m, thereby producing an image having high contrast.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for exposing a layer of photoresist on a sheet includes positioning the sheet in a vacuum printing frame comprising a glass photographic printing plate carrying an opaque master pattern of metal or metal oxide on a central area of the printing plate. A light transmissive rubbery material is patterned in such a fashion as to overlie the opaque portions of the master pattern and provide a continuous path between the islands overlying the opaque master pattern. The rubbery material also extends in the peripheral area of the photographic printing plate and a plurality of mesas separated by channels are formed in this peripheral area. The channels have a width substantially greater than the path width formed between adjacent islands of rubbery material overlying the opaque portions of the pattern. The peripheral channels facilitate the evacuation of the plate and reduce evacuation time.

Abstract: A method for exposing a layer of photoresist on a sheet includes positioning the sheet in a vacuum printing frame comprising a glass plate carrying an opaque master pattern of metal or metal oxide. With the pattern opposite the coating, the frame is evacuated and the layer is exposed. The pattern has a substantially-uniform thickness in the range of about 0.5.+-.0.2 micrometer. To reduce the times for evacuating and devacuating the frame, the pattern side of the glass plate carries an array of light-transparent islands up to about 3.0-micrometer thick. An overcoating of wax on the islands is a further aid.

Abstract: A method of perforating through pores by etching in the manufacture of a shadow mask. This perforating method comprises the steps of selectively covering both surfaces of a thin metal plate with etching resistant film except a predetermined pore region; performing an etching to form recesses on the opening region of one surface of the metal plate; covering the one surface of the metal plate with an etching resistance material; etching the opening region of the other surface of the metal plate until the bottom of the etching resistance material buried in the recesses of the one surface of the metal plate is exposed; exposing both surfaces of the metal plate including the through holes by removing the etching resistant film and the etching resistant material; and etching the exposed surfaces of the metal plate again by contacting the exposed surface with an etchant.

Abstract: A method for exposing a layer of photoresist on a sheet includes positioning the sheet in a vacuum printing frame comprising a glass plate carrying an opaque master pattern of metal or metal oxide. With the pattern opposite the coating, the frame is evacuated and the layer is exposed. The pattern has a substantially-uniform thickness in the range of about 0.5.+-.0.2 micrometer. To reduce the times for evacuating and devacuating the frame, the pattern side of the glass plate carries an array of light-transparent islands up to about 3.0-micrometer thick. An overcoating of wax on the islands is a further aid.

Abstract: The process of forming a plurality of openings in an aperture mask by applying a layer of etchant resist to opposite surfaces of an aperture mask material, determining an overetch factor for the aperture mask, laying out a pattern of openings in the etchant resist on one side of the aperture mask, laying out a pattern of openings in the etchant resist on the opposite side of the aperture mask wherein the size of the openings on one side of the mask in the etchant resist increase while the size of the openings in the etchant resist on the opposite side decrease, and etching the aperture mask material through the openings in the etchant resist.

Abstract: A method of forming a color picture tube fluorescent screen by so-called dry process. After a photosticky substance mainly containing a diazonium compound is coated on a panel inner face, phosphor is adhered to portions of the compound which have been exposed to light through a color selection electrode and rendered sticky, and surplus phosphor applied on unexposed portions of the compound is removed, the above steps being consecutively repeated for phosphors of three colors to form picture elements of triads of three color phosphors on the panel inner face. The panel inner face is then treated with an aqueous solution containing at least polymer coagulant.

Abstract: A television tube having an electron gun and an aperture mask with a plurality of line of sight openings in the aperture mask wherein the line of sight openings in the aperture mask are partially defined by material on the cone side surface of the aperture mask and partially defined by material on the grade side surface of the aperture mask with the aperture opening size and shape varying in accordance with the position of the opening in the aperture mask. Two techniques known as the capital I and capital H resist layout techniques are taught to illustrate the formation of the aperture mask.

Abstract: A positive-working photoresist composition is described comprising a solution of polyvinyl alcohol, an inorganic ferric salt, ammonium trioxalatoferrate and a diol such as 1,4-butanediol. There is also described the addition of a finely divided black pigment to such a composition and the use of such a black pigmented composition for the formation of a light-absorbing matrix in a color CRT screen structure.

Abstract: A fluorescent screen of a black matrix type color picture tube is manufactured by forming a graphite film on an inner surface of a face plate, applying a photoresist film on the graphite film, exposing to light portions of the photoresist film where phosphor picture elements are to be formed subsequently, removing the exposed portions of the photoresist film to expose portions of the graphite film, removing the exposed portions of the graphite film to form a black matrix film having voids corresponding to the exposed portions of the graphite film, and thereafter depositing triads of phosphors of picture elements on the inner surface of the face plate through the voids. In a modification, a reflective film is interposed between the graphite film and the photoresist film and portions of the reflective film in register with portions of the photoresist film exposed to light are removed by etching.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a shadow mask comprises the steps of: forming photoresist films on two major surfaces of a sheet made of a shadow mask material; forming latent images by selectively exposing the photoresist films, respectively; developing the latent images to form photoresist film patterns, respectively; and spraying an etching solution for etching the shadow mask sheet having the photoresist film patterns onto the two major surfaces thereof to etch bared portions of the shadow mask sheet, wherein the photoresist film formed on one of the two major surfaces of the shadow mask sheet is thicker than that formed on the other of the two major surfaces. The step of spraying the etching solution comprises a first step and a subsequent second step, wherein an impact of the etching solution against the shadow mask sheet in the first step is greater than that in the second step.

Abstract: A positive-working photoresist composition is described comprising a solution of polyvinyl alcohol, an inorganic ferric salt, ammonium trioxalatoferrate and a diol such as 1,4-butanediol. There is also described the addition of a finely divided black pigment to such a composition and the use of such a black pigmented composition for the formation of a light-absorbing matrix in a color CRT screen structure.

Abstract: A water-soluble, positive-working photoresist composition is disclosed which comprises water-soluble aromatic diazonium salt, water-soluble phenolic compound, and water-soluble polymeric compound. When the film of this composition is irradiated with a pattern of actinic ray and then brought into contact with an alkaline gas or solution, the coating of unexposed areas hardens to become water-insoluble. Preferably, when the film is brought into contact with a suspension of powder or dry powder after being hardened, a positive pattern of powder is obtained by the development with water.

Abstract: Phosphor characters to supply feedback information for an automatic convergence system are applied to the gun side of the shadow mask of a color cathode ray tube by a method of applying layers of a positive-working photoresist and phosphor, exposing the layers through a positive photomask, back exposing to clear the shadow mask apertures, developing to remove the exposed areas, and baking to remove the photoresist.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are described for producing a unique machine-readable marking, such as a bar-code marking, on each of a succession of workpieces, such as glass envelope parts of cathode-ray tubes. The method comprises producing and applying a different unique stencil for each workpiece and then applying a suitable paint through the stencil.

Abstract: A method of making a colour display screen for a television display tube is disclosed. On the window portion of the tube an electron-absorbing layer is provided which is scanned by means of an electron beam via the shadow mask. The charge image on the layer is then developed xerographically. The layer is preferably photoconductive so as to be able to remove the charge remaining after the development by means of a uniform exposure.

Abstract: In a method for preparing a mosaic luminescent screen, islands of dry precoating material are adhered to a glass support surface at the sites of the mosaic parts of the screen. Then, the mosaic parts of the screen are deposited on the islands by the slurry-direct photographic method, including development with a turbulent aqueous developing medium. The use of islands provides the necessary adherence during development of the mosaic parts with a substantial reduction in the amount of precoating that must later be removed.

Abstract: For formation of a cathode-ray tube phosphor screen by causing a fluorescent material to adhere to a particle-accepting sticky surface formed uniformly on the inner surface of a face plate, phosphor particles are placed on the inner surface of the face plate and caused to slide physically over the particle-accepting sticky surface so as to be stuck thereto.

Abstract: An improved process for providing positive electrical connection between the shadow mask, the conductive coating and the aluminum film by way of the mask-supporting studs is disclosed. The process is for use in the manufacture of a cathode ray tube having a face panel including a rearwardly extending skirt with a seal land for attachment to a funnel having a mating seal land. The face panel and skirt receive an internal coat of electrically conductive dag. The face panel has an inner surface for receiving a pattern of discrete phosphor deposits overlaid with an electrically conductive aluminum film. The tube includes a shadow mask for color selection receiving a high voltage, and held dependent adjacent to the face panel by a plurality of metal studs extending inwardly from the skirt.

Abstract: A new type of thermal ink jet print head is provided which is driven by an electron beam. The print head is constructed of an electron permeable thin film (electron window) which in one embodiment, has on one of its surfaces a plurality of electron absorbing (heater) pads that are in thermal contact with an ink reservoir. As electrons from a CRT traverse the thin film and are absorbed by a pad, they introduce an extremely large and rapid temperature increase in the pad. As a result, a sufficient amount of thermal energy is absorbed by the ink to cause a vapor explosion within the ink, thereby ejecting ink droplets from a nearby orifice in the ink reservoir. In another embodiment, the electrons traverse the window and are absorbed in the ink rather than in pads, and in another embodiment the electrons are absorbed directly in the window itself.

Abstract: The novel method comprises (1) producing in one major surface of a metal masking plate an array of substantially-parallel ridges separated by valleys or grooves, (2) removing metal from the other of said major surfaces in generally rectangular-shaped areas opposite the valleys and extending through the plate, (3) covering the tops of the ridges with an electrically-insulating first coating and (4) covering the first coating with an electrically-conducting second coating.

Abstract: An improved rear-projection viewing screen is disclosed which is characterized by having on the viewed front surface of a lenticulated transparent substrate, a single layer having image-transmitting areas and intervening light-absorbing areas. The improved screen according to the invention includes light-scattering and photographically formed light-absorbing elements in a common binder system in the image-transmitting areas and in the intervening light-absorbing areas. The light-scattering elements provide for the diffusion of the viewed image in the light-transmitting areas. The light-scattering elements in the light-absorbing areas are effective to scatter light falling on the front surface of the screen thereby improving contrast of pictures viewed on the screen.

Abstract: The photographic method utilized for fabricating slit-type shadow masks is improved by utilizing specially-shaped elements in a pattern on one of the photographic masters. In particular, the photographic master includes trapezoidal-shaped elements at locations away from the vicinity of the pattern minor axis, with the larger bases of the trapezoids facing away from the pattern minor axis.

Abstract: The novel method comprises (1) producing in one major surface of a metal masking plate an array of substantially-parallel grooves separated by ridges of plate metal, (2) producing in the other of said major surfaces an array of generally rectangular-shaped depressions opposite the grooves and extending only partially through the plate and less than the distances required to connect to said grooves, (3) filling the grooves with an electrically-insulating material, (4) removing the ridges of metal down to depths to connect with the depressions, thereby producing an array of substantially-rectangular apertures through the plate and electrically-insulating strips across the apertures and (5) covering selected surface portions of the electrically-insulating material with an electrically-conducting material. Before step (3), the surface of the grooves are coated with a resistive or semiconductive material, such as black iron oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to elements for the execution of the method for the inspection of the reproduction quality of drawing elements which are exposed by means of a cathode ray tube on light-sensitive photo material. A simple and feasible development of the quality control of exposed photo material or other printing masters produced in this manner is achieved. The inspection ensues in that additional raster points are exposed which behave differently in response to different exposure and development conditions.

Abstract: In a method of exposing to light a fluorescent screen of an in-line dot type color picture tube wherein an inner surface of a panel of the tube coated with a photosensitive film, a shadow mask, and a linear type extra-high pressure mercury lamp covered by a shielding plate having an opening are disposed substantially in parallel so as to expose the inner surface of the panel to light passing through apertures of the shadow mask, a plurality of openings are formed in the shield plate with a mutual spacing of n.times.B.sub.p (L/Q) where B.sub.p represents a lateral pitch between adjacent apertures of the shadow mask, L a distance between the mercury lamp and the inner surface of the panel, Q a distance between the shadow mask and the inner surface of the panel, and n a positive integer, and the inner surface of the panel is exposed to light from the plurality of openings through the apertures of the shadow mask.

Abstract: A process for forming a fluorescent screen, where polychroic patterns are successively formed from at least two kinds of phosphors having different color emission or black powder by means of a photosensitive substance capable of turning tacky by light irradiation, which comprises bringing a finer particulate filling material than particles of the phosphors in contact with tackified parts when or after the particles of the phosphors are applied to the tackified parts in the individual steps of forming patterns each of the individual phosphors. The filling material saturates the tackiness of the phosphor pattern in question in advance to formation of a phosphor pattern in the successive step, and a cause for contamination of the pattern of the preceding step with the phosphor of the successive step can be eliminated thereby.

Abstract: All surfaces of a plate having a select pattern of through-holes are coated with a thin metal layer, including the side walls of the through-holes. A layer of a negative dry resist is then laminated onto a plate surface adjacent and facing desired insulating ring zones in such a manner that a portion of the resist layer penetrates into the through-hole orifices. Subsequently, the resist layer portions within the orifices are irradiated with ultraviolet light directed through the through-holes from the surface thereof opposite that coated with the resist layer and then, optionally, another layer of dry resist is applied to this opposing plate surface. Thereafter the resist layer or layers on the plate are irradiated through an appropriate mask aligned relative to the through-hole pattern to define areas for electrodes and the non-irradiated resist areas are stripped-off with a developer.

Abstract: In a method for removing insolubilized polyvinyl alcohol portions from the surface of a body on which it is adhered, the step of contacting said stencil and surface with an aqueous stripping solution containing at least one nonoxidizing mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid, in concentration that is effective to remove said portions with at most light mechanical action.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a color television display tube, marks for the positioning of the display window are provided on the funnel part of the tube. Upon providing the marks the funnel part is fixed in a centering device which locates in the funnel part a reference point to which the provision of the marks is referenced. The reference point is situated in or substantially in the deflection center of a deflection device provided afterwards on the funnel part.

Abstract: For improving the contrast of information displayed on the screen, there is placed in front of this latter a filter comprising a matrix of channels pierced in a photosensitive glass plate. The pierced plate is covered over the whole of its surface with a blackened deposit so as to reduce to the maximum its coefficient of reflection. Thus filters can be formed readily on request, according to the direction of observation in particular, with a good coefficient of transmission and improved contrast.

Abstract: Method comprises providing a blank laminate consisting essentially of a positive-acting photosolubilizable central layer, first and second etchable metal layers adhered to opposite sides of the central layer and first and second etch-resistant stencils contacting the outer major surfaces of the first and second metal layers. The stencils have different, related open areas therethrough which leave selected portions of the metal layers unprotected. The unprotected portions of the first and second metal layers are etched through, thereby producing first and second openings in the metal layers. Then the central layer is exposed to actinic light through the first and/or second openings, thereby solubilizing selected portions of the central layer, which solubilized portions are then removed.

Abstract: The invention provides a multi-step photo-process for disposing a definitive band of opaque conductive material on the sidewall portion of a CRT face panel. The process provides coating the panel with a photosensitive material and discretely exposing the viewing area and terminal region of the sidewall to polymerize the material thereon. The intermediate unexposed coating is removed, and at least the sidewall portion, coated with an opaque conductive material. The polymerized coatings are degraded and removed, leaving a precisely defined band of opaque conductive material on the panel sidewall, and making electrical contact with the aperture mask supporting studs embedded therein.

Abstract: A method of making a grid for a cathode-ray tube includes the process of etching an electrically conductive base member of a first material from two sides through related openings in electrically conductive layers of a second material which overlays the two sides of the base material. Etching continues until an aperture of sufficient size is formed that the overlying layers overhang the aperture in the base member.

Abstract: A process for forming openings of varying sizes in an aperture mask by determining an over-etch factor wherein the over-etch factor is determined by the time of etching through an etchant resist pattern located on opposite sides of an aperture mask material to produce an opening of predetermined size and shape followed by individually sizing the opening in the etchant resist so that etching from both sides of the aperture mask material produces etched openings of various sizes throughout the aperture with the sizing of the opening in the etchant resist characterized by having substantially constant over-etch factor even though the final openings in the aperture masks are of various sizes.

Abstract: A color picture tube having a slit type apertured mask, wherein the slit apertures are arranged in columns and the apertures in each column are separated by webs is improved by increasing the radius of curvature of the ends of the apertures at the webs to substantially greater than half the width of the central portions of the respective apertures. Such aperture shape may be achieved by a method wherein the aperture images of a photomaster used in fabricating the mask have greater width at the ends thereof than at the centers of the aperture images.

Abstract: A layer of an aqueous solution containing polyvinyl alcohol and a zirconyl compound is applied to a clean glass surface and dried to produce a precoating thereon. A subsequently-applied phosphor-photobinder coating thereon is exposed to a light image and then developed with a turbulent aqueous liquid. The phosphor-photobinder coating exhibits improved adherence to the surface during the developing step due to the presence of the precoating.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fluorescent screen for color picture tubes comprises applying to the tube front plate a continuous sensitized filter layer and exposing it, applying a continuous sensitized fluorescent layer and exposing it through a mask and removing the unexposed parts of the fluorescent layer and the filter layer therebeneath by washing.

Abstract: A recorded disk preproducing system in which a signal pattern recorded on a master disk is transferred to a reproducing disk positioned in close contact with the master disk upon exposure to flashing light. The master disk includes a thin film of a light screening material such as in organic compound, chalcogen compound, or the like formed on a transparent glass substrate, and an information signal is recorded on the thin film as a pattern of varied light transmission. The reproducing disk has a thin film of a heat sensitive material such as amorphous chalcogen compound formed on a transparent resin substrate, and the optical density and/or a light reflectance of the heat sensitive thin film is varied in accordance with the recorded signal pattern of the master disk upon exposure to the flashing light.

Abstract: When a low molecular weight dihydric or trihydric alcohol is added to a photoresist composition comprising a water-soluble polymer substance and a bisazide photo-crosslinking agent, the fluidity of the composition is improved and the drying speed is moderately retarded and it enables the formation of a photoresist layer having a uniform film thickness and uniform drying degree. The said alcohol is exemplified by ethylene glycol, glycerol, etc. and is preferably added in an amount of 5-300 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer substance.

Abstract: A method for producing a master pattern used for manufacture of a color picture tube phosphor screen is disclosed. An image of an interchangeable shadow mask is formed on the internal surface of the face glass and transferred onto a photosensitive plate, thereby producing a master pattern with a very high accuracy. In the case of a very thin photosensitive plate, the master pattern is produced directly from the interchangeable shadow mask. The method for producing a color picture tube by use of a master pattern involves equipment much lower in cost and easier in manufacturing processes than the conventional methods due to the facts that exposure by flood light is possible and that the shadow mask and the face glass need not be handled as a couple.

Abstract: The etch resistance of a casein-based photoresist pattern to low specific gravity ferric chloride based etchant solutions is increased by treating the photoresist pattern with a formaldehyde solution containing at least 10 percent formaldehyde by volume by a period of at least 30 seconds, and thereafter drying the photoresist pattern.

Abstract: Method comprises applying to a surface to be etched a coating of a liquid composition having a pH of about 5.8 to 7.0 and comprising an alkali caseinate, an alkali dichromate photosensitizer, sodium borate and water. The layer is dried, photoexposed, developed and baked to produce an etch-resistant stencil.

Abstract: A process of producing a parallel type of stripe filter comprises the steps of:(a) forming a metal layer (I) on a transparent base plate into a striped configuration.(b) forming thereon a dichroic layer having predetermined spectral characteristics,(c) further forming a metal layer (II) on said dichroic layer, the etching solution for said metal layer (II) being different from that for the metal layer (I),(d) utilizing the metal layer (II) as the protecting layer for the dichroic layer when another dichroic layer is formed subsequently, and(e) finally removing the metal layer (II) to expose the dichroic layers overlying the transparent base plate into a striped configuration.