Abstract: Liquid petroleum sulfonates are useful alone or in combination with less lipophilic anionic surfactants in the preparation of dispersions of water-insoluble photographic addenda, such as couplers and ultraviolet absorbers, in hydrophilic colloid compositions. Such dispersions are useful in photographic elements. Crystallization of the addenda is inhibited and, for some addenda, other advantages are obtained.

Abstract: Multilayer photoresist recording media containing an absorptive layer are improved by forming the absorptive layer from a composition comprising PMMA or a copolymer of methylmethacrylate and methacrylic acid, certain dyes such as hydroxyazobenzoic acid or Sudan Orange G and a suitable solvent. The dyes are insoluble in the solvent of an overlying photoresist layer. The media are substantially free of loss of resolution due to dissolution of the dye into the photoresist layer.

Abstract: A light receiving member comprising an intermediate layer between a substrate of a metal of an alloy having a reflective surface and a photosensitive member, the reflective surface of said substrate forming a light-diffusing reflective surface, and the surface of said intermediate layer forming a rough surface. A light receiving member comprising a subbing layer having a light-diffusing reflective surface with an average surface roughness of half or more of the wavelength of the light source for image exposure provided between an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of stable aqueous dispersions of finely divided solid spherical polymer beads having an average particle size between about 0.5 and about 5 .mu.m and having a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. by dissolving in an aqueous solvent mixture at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of forming a polymer that is soluble in the monomer(s) present in said aqueous solvent mixture but which is insoluble in said aqueous solvent mixture, a free radical-forming polymerization initiator, and a graft-polymerizable polymer containing hydrophilic groups, heating the solution to a temperature from 50.degree. C. to the reflux temperature thereof with stirring so as to form said polymer beads. The polymer beads can be used in an antifriction surface layer, an antihalation surface layer, an antistatic surface layer, or in a protective surface layer of a photographic element or in a top layer of a drafting film containing a photosensitive layer.

Abstract: A multilayer color photographic light-sensitive material containing no image-receiving layer is described, comprising a support, an internal latent image type direct reversal silver halide emulsion layer combined with a dye-providing substance, and a void layer between the support and the layer containing the dye-providing substance closest to the support.

Abstract: Adjacency effects of a color photographic material may be increased by dividing a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer into three emulsion layers sensitive to the same spectral region of the visible light, the uppermost silver halide emulsion layer of which has the highest sensitivity and the lowermost silver halide emulsion layer has the lowest sensitivity, wherein the maximum color density of the uppermost silver halide emulsion layer, after color development, is lower than 0.60 and the maximum color density of both the intermediate and lowermost silver halide emulsion layers, after color development, are each higher than 0.60.

Abstract: A photothermographic element comprising a reflective base having coated thereon one or more layers constituting a photothermographic imaging medium in which a bleachable antihalation medium is coated over said photothermographic imaging medium, the components of the antihalation medium being in non-reactive association with components in the photothermographic imaging medium. The topcoat antihalation layer allows a wide latitude in the selection of dye bleach systems and binders and surprisingly is at least as effective as the use of antihalation underlayers.

Abstract: Compounds corresponding to the following formula(MS--Het--(Ar).sub.m --NR.sup.1 --CO) .sub.n R.sup.2which are contained in a color-photographic recording material in a silver-free layer between a layer containing colloidal silver and a silver halide emulsion layer, improve the storage stability of the material.

Abstract: A positive photoresist composition in the form of solution which comprises a resin soluble in an aqueous alkaline solution, a 1,2-quinonediazide derivative as a photosensitizer, and at least one anti-halation agent in amounts of about 1 to about 10 parts by weight in relation to 100 parts by weight of the resin in the composition, the anti-halation agent being selected from the group consisting of dyestuffs of specific structures.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material is described, comprising(1) an emulsion layer containing light-sensitive silver halide grains, and(2) a layer containing metal salt grains on which a dye is adsorbed, which cannot be substantially developed and are sparingly soluble in water,wherein the absorption maximum of said dye is separated by 20 nm or more from the sensitization maximum of an emulsion layer located in a position farther from the light source than the layer containing said dye.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having a white pigment containing layer and at least one silver halide emulsion layer provided successively on a support, being characterized in that there is provided a colorant containing layer capable of being made substantially colorless by a photographic treatment between said support and said white pigment containing layer. The present invention provides a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having a reflective support improved to a great extent in sharpness substantially without bringing about lowering in sensitivity.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method for the so-called dry-film process for forming a pattern-wise photoresist layer on the substrate surface in which a substrate is overlaid and laminated with a preformed film of a photosensitive composition called a dry film and photolithographically processed. In the inventive method, different from conventional dry-film processes, the substrate plate is first provided with a protecting layer of a photosensitive composition containing a halation inhibitor and the lamination with a dry film is performed without removing the protecting layer. After pattern-wise exposure to light, development of the photosensitive layer is undertaken by use of a developer solvent capable of dissolving both of the protecting layer and the pattern-forming layer. Despite the intervention of the protecting layer, the resolving power and image reproducibility are excellent.

Abstract: A photographic silver halide light-sensitive material is described. The material includes at least one of the compounds represented by general formula (I) as described below, their salts, and their precursors releasing the compounds of general formula (I) on cleavage under alkali conditions. ##STR1## (the symbols are as defined in the appended claims). This light-sensitive material is less subject to a variation in photographic performance during the storage, in particular, the formation of fog is prevented.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive material for silver complex diffusion transfer process which has an antihalation layer which contains a white pigment and a color pigment and has a reflection density of about 0.1 to about 0.3. Preferred white pigment is titanium dioxide and preferred color pigment is carbon black. This photosensitive material has a high sensitivity, a high sharpness and a high resolution.

Abstract: A photographic element for a diffusion transfer process is described, comprising at least one support having thereon (1) a layer containing a dye-providing compound capable of releasing or forming a diffusible dye or a precursor thereof as a result of development, (2) a silver halide photographic emulsion layer which is in a complementary color relationship with the dye-providing compound, and (3) a substantially non-sensitive spacing layer between the layers (1) and (2) containing a solid pigment, a hydrophilic colloid, and a nondiffusible compound capable of undergoing a redox reaction with the oxidation product of a silver halide developing agent under an alkaline condition.

Abstract: A diffusion transfer photographic element composed of a photosensitive sheet, a cover sheet, and a processing composition contained in a rupturable container in such a manner that the processing composition is spread between both sheets after exposing the photosensitive sheet is disclosed. The whiteness of highlights of images obtained is improved by incorporating a graft carbon black polymer prepared by graft polymerizing a monomer to carbon black in the photographic element, in particular, in the light-shielding layer of the photosensitive sheet.The graft carbon black polymer prepared by graft polymerizing a monomer to carbon black can be uniformly dispersed in an aqueous medium and thus the photographic properties of a diffusion transfer photographic element can be improved using the graft carbon black polymer.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a blocked photographic agent, said blocked photographic agent being represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a photographic agent moiety which is attached to a blocking moiety through a hetero atom; Z represents a divalent linkage group; p represents 0 or 1; X and Y each represents a substituent: m represents an integer of 0 to 4: and n represents an integer of 0 to 5.

Abstract: Silver halide photographic elements comprising a support on which there is spread a plurality of photosensitive layers of gelatin incorporating silver halides and containing coupling agents, and further being associatd with auxiliary gelatin layers tend to suffer from brittleness. An improved element comprises, spread over said support and under said plurality of photosensitive layers, a layer of gelatin in which there is dispersed a fragility reducing quantity of droplets of a water-immiscible high boiling organic solvent, and an adhesion promoting quantity of a vinyl addition polymer latex.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a photographic material comprising in at least one layer photographic useful compounds, e.g. color couplers or developers, which are occluded into solid polymer particles of 0.1 to 0.5 .mu.m in size.

Abstract: A color photographic silver halide light-sensitive material is described, containing at least one member of the compounds represented by the general formula (I-a) and (I-b) in at least one layer thereof: ##STR1## (wherein all the symbols are defined in the appended claims). This color light-sensitive material can be subjected to rapid photographic processing; i.e., the compounds of the general formula (I-a) and (I-b) act as bleach accelerators, making it possible to perform rapid photographic processing without exerting adverse influences on photographic characteristics.

Abstract: In preparing an opaque backing layer for a photographic film, superior covering power and coating dispersion stability are obtained by (1) dispersing carbon black in a minor phase of polyvinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer before addition of a major phase of polyvinyl alcohol, and (2) delaying the addition of surfactant or coating aids until after complete mixing of the polyvinyl alcohol with the solid carbon black dispersion. This coating dispersion is particularly useful for the preparation of a dischargeable opaque backing layer for a diffusion transfer film element.

Abstract: A photothermographic element having a strippably-adhered, radiation-absorbing, antihalation layer is disclosed. The element comprises at least one imageable layer adhered to one surface of a support base, and an antihalation layer having a resistance greater than 1500 ohms per square, strippably adhered to any exposed surface of said element, said antihalation layer having a delaminating resistance in the range of 6 to 50 g/cm, a layer strength in g/cm greater than its delaminating resistance, and an optical density of at least 0.1.

Abstract: Photographic elements intended to generate dye images containing at least one colloidal silver layer and at least one hydroquinone antistain agent have been observed to suffer from random fog spotting, which can be reduced by incorporating a catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The imagewise exposed elements when photographically processed and bleached of silver produce viewable dye images.

Abstract: An improved reflective silver laser recording and data storage medium for direct read after writing, having a protective gold plating on the silver particles of the reflective surface. The gold plating increases the recording sensitivity resulting in higher contrast ratios for the recorded data. Increased contrast ratios between recorded and non-recorded reflective areas are obtained by the gold plating allowing lower laser energy for readout of recorded data. The reflective silver surface is plated with gold by an electroless ion displacement procedure.

Abstract: Compounds useful in making crosslinkable polymers having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.1 is cyano or ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl; Z is --X--R.sup.3 --X--or ##STR3## wherein each --X-- is --O-- or --NR.sup.4 --, provided at least one --X-- is --NR.sup.4 -- wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.3 is divalent hydrocarbon and D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 together are the carbon atoms necessary to complete a 5 to 7 membered ring. These compounds can be homopolymerized or copolymerized with each other or with other polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers to give crosslinkable polymers. Such polymers can be purified by conventional purification techniques such as dialysis, diafiltration, ultrafiltration without losing their capability of crosslinking. The resulting purified polymers are particularly useful in photographic materials as gelatin extenders, binders or polymeric color couplers.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material containing a 4-equivalent magenta color image forming polymer coupler latex and at least one compound capable of reacting with and fixing formaldehyde gas. The silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material has good film strength and a reduced layer thickness. It is possible to avoid the decrease in color density and the formation of fog normally present when the silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material is stored for a long period of time in contact with formaldehyde gas.

Abstract: A yellow silver sol containing a binder is concentrated by flocculation in the presence of a calcium-free gelatin, a water-soluble chloride being added to the flocculation and/or after the redispersion.

Abstract: A UV sensitive dry silver photothermographic construction for graphic arts use can be freely handled for one to two minutes under cool white fluorescent lighting or incandescent lighting. The construction comprises in sequence:a. a substrate,b. a continuous layer of a dry silver dispersion coating containing an organic silver full soap/half soap blend, a reducing agent, halide ion, and a binder resin, andc. a continuous protective topcoat layer comprising a cellulose acetate resin admixed with an effective amount of a development accelerator,said construction further comprising (1) halide ion in said silver dispersion coating or in said topcoat layer, said halide ion being at least 96 mole percent chloride ion, said halide ion when present in said dispersion coating being admixed in said dispersion subsequent to the admixing of at least a portion of said binder resin with said organic silver soap blend, and (2) an antihalation agent in any of the aforementioned layers or in a separate layer.

Abstract: A process for the production of a photographic color image by the silver dye bleach process, using a photographic material which comprises, on a base, at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, which can contain a diffusion-resistant bleachable image dye, and immediately above this layer, on the side facing the light source, a silver halide-free layer containing a diffusion-resistant, bleachable image dye.The process gives very sharp photographic color images.

Abstract: In the forming of microcellular arrays, such as those useful in photography, a closure is positioned to overlie a plurality of microcells forming a planar array. The closure is selectively removed from one set of micro- cells forming an interlaid pattern with a second set of microcells so that the contents of the first set of micro- cells can be changed without concurrently changing the contents of the second set of microcells.

Abstract: A heat-developable photosensitive material is disclosed having a high image sharpness. The material is comprised of a heat-developable photosensitive layer which includes an organic silver salt, a photocatalyst, and a reducing agent. An antihalation layer is provided on the opposite face of the material with respect to the side intended for imagewise exposure. The antihalation layer contains a photosensitive halogen-containing compound which reduces the pH of the antihalation layer by photolysis and is colored with a dye which causes a change of color when the pH of the antihalation layer is reduced.

Abstract: In the process for preparing impregnated polymer latex compositions by impregnating a hydrophobic substance in dispersed polymer particles in an aqueous polymer latex, the improvement comprises impregnating said hydrophobic substance, wherein the impregnation is effected by mixing said hydrophobic substance which is solid state, a water-miscible organic solvent and aqueous polymer latex wherein a polymer of the polymer latex is prepared from ethene monomers and containing at least one hydrophilic group.

Abstract: Pyrazoles of the formula ##STR1## are useful as stabilisers in photographic materials.

Abstract: A method for making a laser recording and data storage medium by first exposing a Lippman emulsion to light in order to form a depthwise nuclei gradient, then physically developing the emulsion until a reflective surface layer of spheroid silver particles, having the desired degree of reflectivity, is attained and then chemically developing the remaining nuclei to form a dark underlayer of filamentary silver particles.

Abstract: Photographic elements, multicolor filters and receivers are disclosed having supports providing microvessels for materials such as radiation-sensitive materials, imaging materials, mordants, silver precipitating agents and materials which are useful in conjunction with these materials. Processes of forming microvessels and introducing materials therein are also disclosed. Processes of forming images are disclosed employing microvessel containing elements. Image transfer processes are disclosed for producing one or a combination of silver and multicolor subtractive primary images alone or in combination with multicolor additive primary images.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material having a hydrophilic colloid layer comprising fine polymer particles loaded with a hydrophobic photographic addenda provided on a support wherein the polymer has repeating units formed from a nonionic hydrophobic monomer. The nonionic hydrophobic monomer has the formula ##STR1## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 individually are a hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aryl group, and m and n are integers of from 2 to 100 individually.

Abstract: Direct positive photographic elements with improved spectral sensitivity in the green and red portion of the visible spectrum are obtained from emulsions containing a supersensitizing amount of a spectral sensitizing dye (a) having a solution absorption maximum less than 495 nm and the lowest vacant energy band less than -3.7 eV, and a sensitizing amount of a spectral sensitizing dye (b) having a lowest vacant energy band between -3.7 eV and 0.3 eV below the lowest vacant energy band of said spectral sensitizing dye (a) and with the highest occupied energy band between -5.9 eV and 0.3 eV above the highest occupied energy level of dye (a).

Abstract: A laser recording medium consisting of shiny silver particles in a colloid matrix having at least one superposed layer of colloid matrix containing dispersed metal particles other than silver to lower the reflectivity of the medium.

Abstract: Photographic elements are provided with a magnetic stripe that is useful for sound recording by applying a magnetic striping composition, containing finely-divided magnetic particles and an acrylated epoxy resin, over the anti-halation layer of the element. The striping composition penetrates the anti-halation layer to contact the support and is cured to an alkali-insoluble cross-linked stripe which is composite with the anti-halation layer and strongly bonded to the support so as to resist removal by alkaline photographic processing solutions.

Abstract: A color filter array for a solid-state imaging device is disclosed. The color filter array is of the "wash-off" type wherein the individual filter elements are formed by dyeing tiny islands of a dyeable composition. As a barrier layer, the color filter array of the present disclosure uses a photocrosslinkable dye-impermeable polymer. The barrier is coated over a set of filter elements. A method of making the described solid-state device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material comprising at least one layer containing a polymer dispersion of the following formula (I) or (II) as a mordant ##STR1## wherein A represents a monomer unit obtained from at least one monomer having at least two copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated groups at least one of which is in the side chain; B represents a monomer unit obtained from at least one copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer; D.sup..sym. represents a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms one of which is positively charged and D may contain one or more substituents; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group or an aralkyl group, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may combine together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached and form a 5- or 6-membered ring; X.sup..crclbar.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a photographic material based upon silver halide emulsions comprising an emulsion layer containing a diffusible dye, and an antihalation layer containing a mordant for fixing the diffusible dye superimposed directly over the emulsion layer, the antihalation layer having its maximum degree of absorption in the same spectal range as the maximum degree of sensitivity of the emulsion layer.

Abstract: A receiving element for use in an additive color photographic diffusion transfer process which comprises a transparent support carrying an additive color screen and a layer comprising noble metal silver precipitating nuclei and a polymer; wherein said nuclei are present in a level of about 0.1-0.3 mgs/ft.sup.2, and said polymer is present at a level of from about 0.5 to 5 times the coverage of said nuclei. Preferably, the noble metal is obtained by reduction of a noble metal salt or complex, and more preferably, the noble metal is palladium.

Abstract: The negative materials of this invention for silver complex diffusion transfer process provide silver images high in density and improved in stability on image receiving materials. Said negative materials have the following characteristics:(a) The negative materials have silver halide emulsion layer in which the weight ratio of hydrophilic colloid to silver halide in terms of silver nitrate is 2 or less and(b) furthermore, the negative materials have an undercoat layer of hydrophilic colloid on a support and the silver halide emulsion layer of (a) on said undercoat layer, the weight ratio of the hydrophilic colloid of said undercoat layer to that of said silver halide emulsion layer being at least 2.

Abstract: Photographic silverhalide containing materials having improved mechanical and electrostatic properties are obtained by adding to at least one of the layers of the material a cross-linked polymer of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid which is prepared either (a) by inverse emulsion polymerization of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid monomers in the presence of polyfunctional cross-linking monomers and an emulsifier and breaking of the emulsion and redispersion of the polymer particles in water; or (3) by emulsion polymerization of aliphatic esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid in water in the presence of polyfunctional cross-linking monomers and of an emulsifier, followed by saponification of the polymer.

Abstract: Dimensionally stable energy-treated polyester film is coated with an opaque antistatic backing layer of carbon-filled polyacrylate containing an aziridine cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material providing wash-off relief images having high image density and excellent sharpness is described, comprising a support having thereon an antihalation layer, a silver halide photographic light-sensitive layer, and a hydrophilic colloid layer, said antihalation layer being located between said support and said silver halide photographic light-sensitive layer, wherein at least one silver halide light-sensitive layer or hydrophilic colloid layer contains a compound represented by the formula (I), a compound represented by the formula (II) and a compound represented by the formula (III) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group; R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group; and R.sup.3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group.

Abstract: Photographic products having reflective layers which comprise lamellar interference pigments.

Abstract: A photographic element having a photographic layer such as silver halide emulsion layer, protective layer, intermediate layer, subcoat layer, diffusion transfer image-receiving layer, antihalation layer and backing layer, can be improved in the adhesion between the layer and support, little curling on drying, and flexibility of the layer, by incorporating into the photographic layer a conversion mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 96% or more and an ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer.

Abstract: A broadband laser recording and data storage medium for direct read after writing, formed from a photosensitive silver-halide emulsion in four steps. First, a non-saturating actinic radiation exposure is used to create latent images. A normal photographic development is used to produce a medium of gray neutral density. The surface of the remaining silver halide is fogged in a water or alcohol based solution to create a very thin layer of silver precipitating nuclei on the surface. Finally, a single-step, negative silver diffusion transfer process is used to dissolve the unexposed and undeveloped silver halide, forming silver ion complexes.