Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material containing a copolymer comprising a betaine group-containing monomer and a fluorine atom-containing monomer in at least one photographic layer thereof, whereby the material is improved in the antistatic properties without adversely affecting its photographic properties.

Abstract: A photosensitive silver halide emulsion wherein the emulsion binder comprises a styryl amine polymer or copolymer.

Abstract: Artificial gelatins containing higher proportions of methionine than are found in natural gelatin are made by thermal polymerization of methionine with various proportions of other .alpha.-amino acids, including some proportion of aspartic acid, glutamic acid or lysine. Artificial gelatins containing as much as 40 mole percent methionine can be obtained. Proportions in the polymer can be adjusted by control of proportions in the reaction mixture. Photographic silver halide emulsions containing these artificial gelatins and photographic films employing the emulsions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A coating composition useful in forming conductive layers comprises a latex having water as a continuous phase and, as a dispersed phase, hydrophobic polymer particles having associated therewith a polyaniline salt semiconductor. The coating composition can be coated on a variety of supports to produce conductive elements. The coating compositions are particularly useful in forming antistatic layers for photographic elements or conducting layers for electrophotographic and electrographic elements. Also disclosed is a preferred process for preparing a latex coating composition comprising the steps of loading polymer particles with the polyaniline component of the polyaniline acid addition salt semiconductor and then acidifying the latex to form a polyaniline salt coating composition.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described containinga film-forming water-soluble polymer derived from a monomer including a carboxylic acid group;a compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## or a chemical bond; R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms when A is a chemical bond, and a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 7 to 21 carbon atoms whenA is ##STR3## R.sub.5 is hydrogen, a methyl group, or an ethyl group; B is --COO.sup..crclbar. or --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. ; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an alkyl group or hydroxyalkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a polyalkylene oxide chain group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 2 to 8; and x is 0 or 1; anda compound of the formula (II) ##STR4## wherein A, B, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.

Abstract: Photolithographic receptor sheet comprising a support having an anchor layer thereon comprising rutile crystalline titanium dioxide having an oxide surface treatment of at least about 10 percent by weight, the major proportion of which is the oxide of silica, and a layer of hydrophilic colloidal silica overlying said anchor layer.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing surfactants according to formula (Rf--X).sub.n --A--L--Z wherein Rf is a short-chain fluorine-containing group derived from hexafluoropropylene or trifluorochloroethylene, X is --O--, --S--, or --SO.sub.2 --, n is at least 2, the Rf groups being same or different, L is a monovalent bond or a bivalent bridging group such as --COO--alkylene, --CONR.sup.1 --alkylene, or --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.1 --alkylene, wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, and Z represents a hydrophilic polyoxyethylene group or a hydrophilic group such as ##STR1## wherein M is hydrogen, an alkali metal, ammonium, or organic ammonium, and R.sup.3 is alkyl; A is an aliphatic, aromatic, or aliphatic-aromatic group. These surfactants can be used in hydrophilic colloid layers, which may form part of light-sensitive silver halide materials.

Abstract: A method for dispersing an oil-soluble photographic additive into water or a hydrophilic colloid composition wherein an oil-soluble photographic additive is dispersed in water or a hydrophilic colloid composition in the presence of a polymer having a recurring unit represented by the following formula (I):--(A).sub.x -- --(B).sub.y -- (I)wherein A represents an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a sulfonic acid group; B represents a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer; x is about 10 to 100 mol%; and y is about 0 to 90 mol%.

Abstract: A process for incorporating photographic additives which are sparingly soluble to insoluble in water into a free-flowing, aqueous preparation which contains a hydrophilic colloid and is used to prepare photographic layers, by mixing the photographic additives with a combination of at least one non-ionic alkylphenol/alkylene oxide or diphenolmethane/alkylene oxide adduct and at least one anionic esterification product of these adducts and, optionally, a water-immiscible solvent and then finely dispersing this mixture in an aqueous solution of the hydrophilic colloid, which solution contains further water-soluble or dispersed water-insoluble constituents optionally.Spontaneous emulsions of the photographic additives with good fine dispersion are obtained in this way without high expenditure of mechanical energy. The emulsions are suitable for the preparation of photographic layers, which are used in photographic materials with improved characteristics.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having a hydrophilic organic colloid layer containing a dispersion of a substantially water-insoluble photographic additive dissolved in a phosphoric acid ester represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a saturated alicyclic group; and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents a saturated alicyclic group, an alkyl group or an aryl group.

Abstract: New means are providedfor securing the free end of a roll of photographic film against unwinding. The means comprises a strip of flexible plastic which clings to the photographic film, at the free end of the roll and also on the body of the roll adjacent the free end.

Abstract: A method for dispersing an oil-soluble photographic additive into a hydrophilic colloid composition is disclosed wherein a solution of an oil-soluble photographic additive in an organic solvent or the melted oil-soluble photographic additive is dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid containing an anionic surface active agent and lecithin together with a gelatin derivative.

Abstract: The susceptibility of polymeric film supports or polymeric coated paper to the accumulation of static electric charges can be greatly lessened by coating or swabbing such support or the uncoated side of a finished photographic film and paper with a polyfunctional anionic oligomeric surfactant or the alkali metal salt thereof, of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl radical of 6-12 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is H or methyl and a+b is from 4-50.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material containing in at least one layer a compound represented by the following formula:R.sub.f --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Ywherein R.sub.f represents a perfluoroalkenyl group containing 3 to 12 carbon atoms, n represents an integer 3 to 50, and Y represents a hydroxy group or an organic residue containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material having an antistatic layer containing a water-soluble, film-forming polymer having a carboxylic acid group and gelatin, said layer further containing a carboxylic acid activating condensing agent.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and a surface layer thereof containing an organic fluoro-compound and a carboxy group-containing compound, resulting in an improvement in the physical characteristics of the surface.

Abstract: Silver halide photographic materials having excellent antistatic property and high acceptability for drafting, processing resistance and adhesion to hydrophobic supports can be obtained by providing antistatic layer which comprises (a) a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, (b) colloidal silica and (c) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds having at least 2 ethyleneimino groups and compounds having at least 2 epoxy rings and which has a pH value of at least about 5, said antistatic layer being provided on one or both surfaces of the support.

Abstract: A photographic material comprising a light sensitive photographic layer and a support having thereon in order a layer containing alumina sol including colloidal particles and an electrolyte and a layer containing a hydrophobic polymer.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material having on a support at least one gelatin-containing layer containing as an antistatic agent a gelatin reactive surface active agent having at least one long chain hydrophobic group, at least one of a hydrophilic group selected from a cationic group, an anionic group, an amphoteric and a nonionic group, and at least one group reactive with gelatin in the molecule.

Abstract: A latex is formed of a copolymer of 90 to 98% by weight of ethyl acrylate and 2 to 10% by weight of an ionogenic comonomer. The latter comprises in its structure a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond, a hydrophobic chain comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, and a strong hydrophilic group taken from a sulpho group, a sulphato group or a phosphono group in acid or salt form.Photographic layers are described wherein the above latex is used as plasticizer for gelatin.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a silver halide photographic material is disclosed which provides for the formation of a photographic layer by the use of a coating solution containing a compound represented by formula I or II.C.sub.3n F.sub.(6n)-1 --Y--A--B (I)C.sub.3n F.sub.(6n)-1 --Y--A--X--A--Y--C.sub.3n F.sub.(6n)-1 (II)wherein A represents a simple bond or a divalent group; Y represents oxygen or sulfur, or ##STR1## B represents a monovalent hydrophilic group; X represents a divalent hydrophilic group; n represents an integer of 1 to 4; R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, a lower alkyl group; and A' represents a simple bond or an alkylene group.

Abstract: In a light-sensitive material for tanning development containing unhardened or only slightly hardened gelatin silver halide emulsion layers, the silver content required to obtain maximum density is reduced by incorporating carbon black pretreated with water-miscible compounds which have a higher affinity for carbon black than gelatin. Suitable treatment may be provided by at least two of the following: poly-n-vinyl lactams, polyalkylene oxide derivatives, water-miscible compounds containing at least two OH groups, and polyalkylene oxides with a molecular weight of at least 400.

Abstract: Protein containing photographic layers are hardened by coating with a hardening solution which contains at least one quick-acting hardener which activates carboxyl groups and at least one polysaccharide.

Abstract: A photographic light sensitive material which contains, in at least one layer, a copolymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms which may contain one hydrogen atom at the .omega.-position or a perfluoroalkenyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; p represents an integer of 1 to 5; m represents an integer of 5 to 50; n represents zero or an integer of 1 to 20; and Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group or one of the groups represented by R.sub.f ; whereby antistatic property (even under low humidity) and adhesion resisting property are improved without adversely affecting photographic characteristics.

Abstract: A method for preventing the degradation of a hydrophilic colloid solution for a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material of which the viscosity has been or is to be increased using an anionic polymer containing an acid group, which comprises incorporating into the hydrophilic colloid solution at least one compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub. represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.

Abstract: In the production of a photographic material by applying a coating composition to a continuously moving support, cold-setting the coating and drying the coating, an additive in the coating composition (e.g., a hardening agent or an antistatic agent), either partly or completely, is atomized by ultrasonic vibration, and supplied to the coating formed on the continuously moving support. Alternatively, the atomized additive is first supplied to the surface of a continuously moving support, and before the coating is completely dried, the coating composition is applied thereto.

Abstract: The silver halide coating weight of a lithographic element can be reduced by ca. 40% by coating two layers of gelatino-silver halide emulsion on a support, and dividing a speed-adjusting polyoxyethylene compound unequally between the two layers.

Abstract: An antistatic layer of a radiation-sensitive element, such as a photographic film or paper, is formed by coating and drying of an antistatic composition comprising an aqueous solution of an amorphous antistatic material, the aqueous solution having been produced by forming a melt comprised of at least 80% by weight of vanadium pentoxide and casting the melt into a solubilizing amount of water. In addition to vanadium pentoxide, the melt can contain a glass-forming compound, such as an alkaline metal phosphate or polyphosphate, as well as an oxide of an element that exists in at least two valence states, such as an oxide of molybdenum. The radiation-sensitive element preferably includes a protective overcoat layer covering the antistatic layer.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material having improved anti-adhesive properties comprising an uppermost layer containing acid-processed gelatin and a surface active organic fluoro-compound.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for uniformly dispersing hydrophobic materials through a hydrophilic colloid layer such as, for example, a photographically useful layer containing gelatin. The process over which the present invention is a valuable improvement comprises the steps:(a) forming an aqueous dispersion by intermixing the hydrophobic material and an aqueous polymeric latex, optionally including gelatin in the dispersion;(b) forming a wet layer by coating onto a suitable support the aqueous dispersion from step (a); and(c) thereafter removing a substantial proportion of the water from the wet layer through which the hydrophobic material is dispersed.The present process relates particularly to improvements in step (a), wherein the "aqueous dispersion" is formed by blending a loadable polymeric latex into a solution of the hydrophobic material dissolved in a water-miscible solvent using techniques which avoid coagulation of the hydrophobic material or the particles of the latex.