Abstract: Electrophotographic photoreceptors having improved mechanical properties, electrical properties with excellent response characteristics are prepared by forming a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive substrate. The photosensitive layer contains a binder resin, which may be a polyarylate or a copolymer of polyarylate. The binder resin may be mixed with other resins up to 50 wt % with other resins to impove surface slip properties or fire retardant properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are image forming apparatus [1] which comprises removing a toner remained on the surface of the rotatable image carrier by cleaning means after going through developing means and transferring means; said cleaning means has an elastic blade and is contacted with the surface of the image carrier at a contact pressure within 8 to 20 g/cm, and a press-contact angle of the elastic blade of 12 to 30°; and said image carrier is an organic photosensitive material having a photosensitive layer made of a binder resin containing an electric charge generating material and an electric charge transferring material; and image forming apparatus [2], comprising a single-layer type photosensitive layer made of a binder resin containing an electric charge generating material, an electron transferring material and a hole transferring material, and the solid content of the binder resin is within 50 to 70 wt % of the whole solid content in the photosensitive layer and, a pair of paper transporting rollers are arranged on

Abstract: Disclosed are photoconductive elements including a conductive support, e.g., an electrically conductive film, drum, or belt, on which a negatively chargeable photoconductive layer is disposed. An electrical barrier layer is disposed between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. The barrier layer provides a high energy barrier to the injection of positive charges, but transports electrons under an applied electric field. In embodiments, the barrier layer can transport charge by electronic mechanisms, and, is not substantially affected by humidity changes. The barrier layer includes a polyamide-co-imide having covalently bonded as repeat units in the polymer chain, aromatic tetracarbonylbisimide groups of the formula: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 respectively represent tetravalent or trivalent aromatic groups of 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, and X is O, C(CF3)2, S?O or SO2.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of an optional supporting substrate, an optional blocking layer, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein said charge transport layer comprises a crosslinked polycarbonate component containing a repeating segment of the formula wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl with from about 1 to about 15 carbons optionally further containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon, and phosphorus, or aryl; R2 represents a divalent linkage; Ar3 and Ar4 each independently represent aromatic groups; R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl; and optionally wherein R3 and R4 form a combined ring structure; and wherein x and y represent the mole fractions of the repeating segments.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate, and optionally a protective layer overlying the photosensitive layer, wherein an outermost layer of the photoreceptor includes a filler, a binder resin and an organic compound having an acid value of from 10 to 700 mgKOH/g. The photosensitive layer can be the outermost layer. A coating liquid for an outermost layer of a photoreceptor including a filler, a binder resin, an organic compound having an acid value of from 10 to 700 mgKOH/g and plural organic solvents. A method for preparing a photoreceptor including forming a photosensitive layer, and coating the coating liquid on the photosensitive layer. An image forming method and apparatus and a process cartridge using the photoreceptor are also provided.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer provided on an electro-conductive supporting substrate and a protection layer provided on the photosensitive layer. The protection layer includes a kind of finely divided metal oxide particle, an organic acid, and a binder resin. The binder resin is a thermo-curable resin. The organic acid is contained in an amount of 0.05 wt. % to 5 wt. % for the amount of the thermo-curable resin. The photosensitive member has a high durability capable of stable image productions for a long period of utilizable time, due to the protection layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging member comprising poultry gelatin. In one embodiment, the poultry gelatin is located preferably in at least one layer in the upper half of said imaging member comprising poultry gelatin. Another embodiment provides an aqueous coating composition comprising poultry gelatin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging member comprising poultry gelatin. In one embodiment, the poultry gelatin is located preferably in at least one layer in the upper half of said imaging member comprising poultry gelatin. Another embodiment provides an aqueous coating composition comprising poultry gelatin.

Abstract: A high-sensitivity and long-life electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electroconductive substrate and at least a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive substrate is provided, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a polyarylate resin not having a nitrogen atom in its repeating unit, and the Hall mobility at an electric field strength of 3×105 (V/cm) and at a temperature of 21° C. of the photosensitive layer is 3×10−6 (cm2/Vs) or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive support having formed thereon a specific photosensitive layer.

Abstract: Charge transport layers comprise a charge transport compound and binder including styrene-acrylic resin. Dual layer photoconductors comprise a substrate, a charge transport layer as described, and a charge generation layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a binder-loaded type charge-transport liquid crystal material which comprises a liquid crystal compound and a binder and, in spite of the presence of the binder, can substantially retain the properties inherent in the liquid crystal compound.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member containing a hole blocking layer, a photogenerating layer, a charge transport layer, and thereover an overcoat layer comprised of a polymer With a low dielectric constant and charge transport molecules.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member including a supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a crosslinked photogenerating layer and a charge transport layer, and wherein the photogenerating layer includes a photogenerating component and a vinyl chloride, allyl glycidyl ether, hydroxy containing polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel organic photoconductive material suitable as a charge-transporting material in a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor or usable in various display devices, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor which uses the above organic photoconductive material in a photosensitive layer and which exhibits a high charge potential and high sensitivity and also exhibits little or almost no change in various properties in repeated use and can exhibit stabilized performances. The present invention provides an organic photoconductive material comprising a compound having a specific structure and an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing the above photoconductive material.

Abstract: A polyhydroxyalkanoate characterized by having in the molecule a unit represented by Chemical Formula (1): wherein n may assume any one integral value within the range of from 1 to 8. Also disclosed are a process for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by the use of a microorganism having the ability to produce the polyhydroxyalkanoate and accumulate it in the bacterial body; a charge control agent, a toner binder and a toner which contain this polyhydroxyalkanoate; and an image-forming method and an image-forming apparatus which make use of the toner.

Abstract: An organic optoelectronic device includes a solution coatable thin film having a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, and a photogenerating component uniformly dispersed therein. The thin film is about 0.2 microns or less, and can be spin-coated onto a substrate and further coated with electrodes.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed thereon and contains at least one resin of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, or a polycarbonate resin, each resin having at least a structural unit of formula (1): 1

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed which includes a conductive resin substrate and a resin layer. The resin layer includes a binding resin and is formed on the conductive resin substrate. The difference between the solubility parameter of the conductive resin substrate and the solubility parameter of the resin layer of the photoreceptor is 2.5 (J/cm3)1/2 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive charging single-layer organic photoreceptor for liquid development which comprises a conductive substrate having thereon a photosensitive layer containing a charge generating material, an electron transport material and an organic binder resin comprising a polymer represented by formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or R1 and R2 may form a cycloalkyl group in combination; R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10 and R11, each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an aryl group or an alkyl group; and m and n each represent a molar percentage giving a total of 70 to 95 mol %.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a polyallylate having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (1): 1

Abstract: A polymer has stilbenquinone structures as a repetitive unit and an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the polymer. More particularly, the polymer has an improved electro-transporting capacity in that precipitation does not occur even when the polymer is used as an electron transporter for an electrophotographic photoreceptor in a high concentration.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member containers of a supporting substrate, and thereover a single layer comprised of a mixture of a photogenerator component, a charge transport component, an electron transport component, and a polymer binder, and wherein the photogenerating component is a pigment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel organophotoreceptor that comprises an electrically conductive substrate and photoconductive element on the electrically conductive substrate, the photoconductive element having

Abstract: A member including for example, a substrate, a charge generating layer, a charge transport layer comprising a synthesized mixture of

Abstract: A single layered electrophotographic photoreceptor has a photoreceptor layer comprising polyester resin as a binder resin having biphenyl fluorene units in the main chain, and specific phenolic compounds as antioxidants. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention enables obtaining a better image by suppressing a decrease in dark decay and charged electric potential due to repeated use and has an extended electrical lifetime.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material which realizes uniform dispersion of phthalocyanines in a photosensitive layer and has high sensitivity to a digital light source, and also excellent in charge stability under the high temperature atmosphere, weatherability and NOx resistance.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor having a layer of a crosslinked resin obtained by reacting an epoxy group-containing amine compound having a charge transferability-imparting group with at least one silicon compound selected from an epoxy ring-free alkoxysilane compound, an epoxy ring-free silanol compound, an epoxy ring-containing alkoxysilane compound and an epoxy ring-containing silanol compound.

Abstract: A photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a charge generation layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate optionally with an intermediate layer therebetween; and a charge transport layer formed overlying the charge generation layer using a non-halogenated solvent and including a charge transport material and a resin, wherein the charge generation layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin and a charge generation material having an average particle diameter less than a roughness of a surface of either the electroconductive substrate or the intermediate layer, on which the charge generation layer is located.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a surface layer containing at least one of a charge-transporting material and conductive particles and a polymer obtained by polymerizing at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxymethylbisphenol monomer having a specific structure, a polyhydroxymethylbisphenol oligomer having a specific structure, a polyhydroxymethyltrisphenol monomer having a specific structure and a polyhydroxymethyltrisphenol oligomer having a specific structure; and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: A single-layered electrophotographic photoreceptor has a single-layered structure that includes a charge generating material, a charge transfer material, and a binder resin on a substrate. In one embodiment, the charge generating material is Y form titanyloxy phthalocyanine, and the binder resin is polyethylene terephthalate polymer. The single-layered electrophotographic photoreceptor has excellent stability, electrical characteristics, sensitivity and durability, and may be installed in a cartridge or on a drum of an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a photosensitive layer including a layer having at least one of a binder resin that includes a polymer compound and a hole transport material that includes a low-molecular weight compound, on an electrically conductive substrate, wherein the polymer compound is a polyester resin having a biphenylfluorene unit having a predetermined structure in a main chain, and the low-molecular weight compound is a stilbene compound having a predetermined structure. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has effective electrostatic properties and mechanical strength.

Abstract: An aromatic block polycarbonate resin is prepared by polymerizing a diphenol compound of formula (2) or (4), a diol compound of formula (1) or (5), and a halogenated carbonyl compound. The diphenol compound of formula (4) is produced by polymerizing the diphenol compound of formula (2) and a halogenated carbonyl compound by solution or interfacial polymerization. An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing the above-mentioned aromatic block polycarbonate resin. An electrophotographic image forming method or apparatus employs the above-mentioned photoconductor. A process cartridge holds therein the photoconductor and at least one of the electrophotographic image forming units.

Abstract: Charge transport layers comprise a charge transport compound and binder including styrene-acrylic resin. Dual layer photoconductors comprise a substrate, a charge transport layer as described, and a charge generation layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor having an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon and containing an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (3) shown in the specification. The polycarbonate resin is produced from a diphenol compound of the formula (1) shown in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging member comprising poultry gelatin. In one embodiment, the poultry gelatin is located preferably in at least one layer in the upper half of said imaging member comprising poultry gelatin. Another embodiment provides an aqueous coating composition comprising poultry gelatin.

Abstract: A high-sensitivity and long-life electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electroconductive substrate and at least a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive substrate is provided, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a polyarylate resin not having a nitrogen atom in its repeating unit, and the Hall mobility at an electric field strength of 3×105 (V/cm) and at a temperature of 21° C. of the photosensitive layer is 3×10−6 (cm2/Vs) or more.

Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, and thereover a single layer comprised of a mixture of a photogenerator component, a charge transport component, an electron transport component, and a polymer binder, and wherein the photogenerating component is a pigment.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing, as a charge transporting material, at least one indane compound of the formula (1), 1

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer which is formed thereon and contains at least one resin of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, or a polycarbonate resin, each resin having at least a structural unit of formula (1): 1

Abstract: Providing an electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a conductive support and a photoconductive layer disposed on the photoconductive support; wherein the photoconductive layer contains an azo compound expressed by a general formula <<1>>.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor a substrate and a photosensitive layer on the substrate. The photosensitive layer contains charge generation substance, charge transport substance and a binder resin. The binder resin has a dispersion d1=Mz/Mw of at least 1.6, and/or a polydispersity d2=Mw/Mn of at least 2.0, each of d1 and d2 being an indicator of a range of molecular weight distribution converted to polystyrene standard, wherein Mz, Mw and Mn are a z-average molecular weight, a weight-average molecular weight, and a number-average molecular weight of the binder resin, respectively. The resulting electrophotographic photoconductor minimizes film abrasion and filming, allowing the photoconductor to possess stable characteristics in repeated use over long periods.

Abstract: A composition for a charge generating layer of a positively-charged electrophotographic organophotoreceptor and the positively-charged electrophotographic organophotoreceptor having a charge generating layer formed using the composition are utilized in a photocopy apparatus/organophotoreceptor drum/organophotoreceptor cartridge and a method of manufacturing the positively-charged electrophotographic organophotoreceptor. The charge generating layer composition for the positively-charged electrophotographic organophotoreceptor, which has a charge transport layer and a charge generating layer sequentially coated on a conductive support, includes a charge generating material, a binder, and an organic solvent containing an alcoholic solvent and an acetate solvent in a ratio from 1:9 to 5:5 by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel organic photoconductive material suitable as a charge-transporting material in a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor or usable in various display devices, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor which uses the above organic photoconductive material in a photosensitive layer and which exhibits a high charge potential and high sensitivity and also exhibits little or almost no change in various properties in repeated use and can exhibit stabilized performances.

Abstract: A high-sensitivity and long-life electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electroconductive substrate and at least a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive substrate is provided, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a polyarylate resin not having a nitrogen atom in its repeating unit, and the Hall mobility at an electric field strength of 3×105 (V/cm) and at a temperature of 21° C. of the photosensitive layer is 3×10−6 (cm2/Vs) or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive charging single-layer organic photoreceptor for liquid development which comprises a conductive substrate having thereon a photosensitive layer containing a charge generating material, an electron transport material and an organic binder resin comprising a polymer represented by formula (I): 1

Abstract: Disclosed are photoconductive elements including a conductive support, e.g., an electrically conductive film, drum, or belt, on which a negatively chargeable photoconductive layer is disposed. An electrical barrier layer is disposed between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. The barrier layer provides a high energy barrier to the injection of positive charges, but transports electrons under an applied electric field. In embodiments, the barrier layer can transport charge by electronic, or both electronic and ionic mechanisms, and, is not substantially affected by humidity changes. The barrier layer includes a polyester-co-imides, polyesterionomer-co-imides, or polyamide-co-imides having covalently bonded as repeat units in the polymer chain, aromatic tetracarbonylbisimide groups of the formula: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 respectively represent tetravalent or trivalent aromatic groups of 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, and X is O, C(CF3)2, S═O or SO2.

Abstract: A single-layer type electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer made of a binder resin containing at least an electric charge generating material and a hole transferring material and an electron transferring material as an electric charge transferring material, which is formed on the conductive substrate, characterized in that the binder resin contains a polycarbonate resin having a repeating structural unit represented by the general formula [1] and the solid content of the hole transferring material and the electron transferring material is not less than 30% by weight and not more than 50% by weight relative to the entire solid content, exhibits good wear resistance with respect to the photosensitive layer and is also superior in durability.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer provided on an electro-conductive supporting substrate and a protection layer provided on the photosensitive layer, wherein the protection layer at least comprises a kind of finely divided metal oxide particle, an organic acid and a binder resin, the binder resin is a thermo-curable resin, and the organic acid being contained an amount of 0.05 wt. % to 5 wt. % for the amount of the thermo-curable resin. this photosensitive member has a high durability capable of stable image productions for a long period of utilizable time due to the protection layer.

Abstract: An aromatic block polycarbonate resin is prepared by polymerizing a diphenol compound of formula (2) or (4), a dial compound of formula (1) or (5), and a halogenated carbonyl compound. The diphenol compound of formula (4) is produced by polymerizing the diphenol compound of formula (2) and a halogenated carbonyl compound by solution or interfacial polymerization. An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing the above-mentioned aromatic block polycarbonate resin. An electrophotographic image forming method or apparatus employs the above-mentioned photoconductor. A process cartridge holds therein the photoconductor and at least one of the electrophotographic image forming units.