Abstract: A crack resistant, curl-free electrophotographic imaging member includes a charge transport layer comprising an active charge transporting polymeric tetraaryl-substituted biphenyidiamine and a plasticizer.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor is disclosed, comprising a water-resistant support having provided thereon an image-receiving layer, wherein the image-receiving layer comprises anatase-type titanium oxide grains and a binder resin comprising a complex composed of an organometallic polymer and an organic polymer containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of an amido bond, a urethane bond, a ureido bond and a hydroxy group, the surface of the image-receiving layer has a contact angle with water of at least 25 degrees and the contact angle with water thereof is reduced to 15 degrees or below when it is irradiated with ultraviolet light, and further, a method for preparing the lithographic printing plate precursor and a method for preparing a lithographic printing plate by using the lithographic printing plate precursor are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a surface layer containing a polyphenylene resin, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus both having the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging member which comprises a conductive substrate, a photogenerating material, and a binder comprising a polymer of the formula wherein A is or a mixture of wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or mixtures thereof, B is one of specified groups, such as or mixtures thereof, and n is an integer representing the number of repeating monomer units.

Abstract: A photo conducting imaging member has a charge generator layer including a binder containing at least a polycarbonate of formula (I):

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a developer carrying member for carrying thereon a developer to transport the developer to a developing zone, and a regulation member provided in touch with the surface of the developer carrying member to regulate coat weight of the developer carried thereon. The image bearing member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed thereon, and the photosensitive layer contains at least one polycarbonate resin (I) having a viscosity-average molecular weight not more than 1.5×104 and at least one polycarbonate resin (II) having a viscosity-average molecular weight more than 1.5×104, the polycarbonate resin (I) being contained in a proportion of from 30% by weight to 95% by weight based on the total weight of the polycarbonate resins (I) and (II). On the developer carrying member, the developer is in a coat weight not more than 1.5 mg/cm2 at the developing zone after its regulation by the regulation member.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing a binder resin on an electroconductive substrate, wherein at least a part of the binder resin in the photosensitive layer is a polycarbonate resin having a structure of the following formula (1) as main repeating units and a structure of the following formula (2) at one or each terminal and having a viscosity-average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 300,000: ##STR1## where, in the formula (1), each of Y.sup.1 to Y.sup.8 which are independent of one another, is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-10 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a C.sub.3-10 unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a C.sub.1-10 alkoxy group or a C.sub.6-20 aromatic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, X.sup.1 is ##STR2## an aromatic ring, a single bond, a lactone or fluorene, each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 which are independent of one another, is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed which is provided with a surface layer containing a polyarylate resin or polycarbonate resin. The polyarylate resin and polycarbonate resin have a structural unit having a cyclic siloxane structure in its backbone chain. Also a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the photosensitive member are disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is comprised of a support and a photosensitive layer formed on the support. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface layer which contains a resin having at least one of the structural units represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein the bond represented by a broken line may be present, and when present, m is 4 and when m is 6, n represents an integer of 0 or more, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent each independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted cyclodienyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted carbonyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed. The topmost layer comprises a binder comprising a crosslinked resin having, as a recurring unit, (a) a portion comprising a constituent having a fluorine or silicon atom at the side chain, (b) a portion having an aromatic group in the main or side chain, and (c) a portion having a hydroxyl group or an amino group.

Abstract: A photosensitive recording material containing a support and a charge generating layer (CGL) in contiguous relationship (contact) with a charge transporting layer (CTL), containing an n-charge transporting material (n-CTM), wherein the binder of the charge generating layer (CGL) is made insoluble in methylene chloride by crosslinking, and the binder is composed essentially of one or more polyepoxy compounds self-crosslinked under the influence of an amine catalyst and/or crosslinked by reaction with at least one primary and/or secondary poly NH-group amine.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprising a support and a photosensitive layer disposed on the support. The photosensitive member has a surface layer comprising a siloxane polymer which comprises at least two polysiloxane units each independently represented by a formula (1) (shown in the specification) and has a molecular structure such that adjacent two polysiloxane units of the formula (1) are connected with each other at their side chains by --O--Pc--CO--O-- where Pc denotes a polycarbonate chain. Such a molecular structure of the siloxane polymer is effective in improving lubricating properties of the surface of the photosensitive member while retaining a mechanical strength thereof.

Abstract: Charge generation layers for photoconductors comprise a binder and a charge generation compound, wherein the binder comprises a blend of polyvinylbutyral polymer and at least one resin which improves at least one electrical characteristic of a photoconductor in which the charge generation layer is included. Photoconductors comprise the charge generation layer in combination with a substrate and a charge transport layer.

Abstract: Charge generation layers comprising a binder and a charge generation compound, wherein the binder comprises a blend of methyl bisphenol A and an additional resin comprising an epoxy resin, a poly(phenylglycidyl ether)-co-dicyclopentadiene resin, a phenoxy resin or a polyhydroxystyrene resin. Dual layer photoconductors comprise the charge generation layer in combination with a substrate and a charge transport layer.

Abstract: A photoconductive drum of an aluminum substrate and a blend of polyvinylbutyral and one or a blend of phenoxy resin, epoxy novolac resin, and epoxy capped polymers which are derivatives of bisphenol and epichlorohydrin. The blend enhances the electrical properties.

Abstract: Composites comprising polymeric binders and phthalocyanine pigments to form a single layer positive organic photoconductor are provided for use in electrophotography. The polymeric binders comprise an aliphatic polymer or copolymer having a saturated ring for each repeat unit either included in the polymer chain or pendant therefrom and about 4 to 35% of functional groups such as --OH, --SH, --N<, >NH, and --NH.sub.2 per repeat unit. The saturated ring portion, being essentially non-polar, or at least less polar than an unsaturated ring, maintains the specific morphology of the phthalo-cyanine pigments commonly employed in positive charge organic photoconductors (OPCs) and results in a stable dispersion required for the stable performance of the OPC. Keeping the functional groups listed above to less than about 35% ensures that the photoresponse is not reduced to an unacceptable level. Heating of the composite is used to control the concentration of the functional groups.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing as an effective component an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (I), two structural units of formulae (I) and (II), or a repeat unit of formula (III): ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.7, Y, X, and n are as specified in the specification.

Abstract: The invention described in the specification provides an improved coating for an electrophotographic photoconductor printing system. In particular, a blend of polycarbonate-A and polycarbonate-Z binders according to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2 an alkylidene group, a cycloalkyl group and a substituted cycloalkyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and an a CH.sub.3 group provides increased durability and wear properties to a charge transport layer coated onto a charge generation layer of a photoreceptor drum. The polycarbonate blend may be used with amine and hydrazone charge transport materials and the charge transport layer may include additional additives which further improve the wear properties of the photoconductor coatings in a laser printer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed which comprises a conductive support and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support. A surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polycarbonate resin having a chain fluoroalkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms. Also, an electrophotographic apparatus and a device unit are disclosed which comprise the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: Embodiments of photoconductors and methods of making photoconductors for electrophotography are described, each embodiment comprising a complex between metal oxide phthalocyanine compound(s) and hydroxy compound(s) or amine compound(s). A metal oxide phthalocyanine pigment exhibits extended photoresponse between 850 nm and 1000 nm when it is milled with hydroxy binders or amine binders. The preferred hydroxy or amine binders include a modified poly-vinyl butyral binder unit containing a --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH unit, a cyclohexanol unit, a --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 unit, a --CH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.10 --NH.sub.2 unit, a --CH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.10 --CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 unit, a --CH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --NH.sub.2 unit, or other hydroxy or amine units. Optionally, hydroxy solvents or other hydroxy additives may also be included. Preferably, the pigment is dehydrated or hydroxy-starved before milling with the binder and solvents.

Abstract: The present invention provides photoconductive paints which have excellent dispersability and dispersion stability and which allow formation of coatings with high coating strength and excellent smoothness.The invention relates to photoconductive paint composed primarily of an inorganic photoconductive material and a binding resin formed on a conductive substrate, wherein the binding resin contains compound fine particles (A) and a resin (B) as defined below, in a solid weight ratio of compound fine particles (A)/resin (B) in the range of 0.5/9.5-4.0/6.0.The compound fine particles (A) have an organic polymer bound to surfaces of inorganic fine particles, and the resin (B) is a resin composition obtained by polymerizing an acrylic monomer mixture, the resin having an acid value of 2.0-12.0.

Abstract: A single-layer binder comprising a synthetic resin binder and a phthalocyanine pigment dispersed therein is modified so as to reduce the content of the phthalocyanine pigment while maintaining or further improving the sensitivity of the binder. A coating material comprising a synthetic resin binder comprising as a constituent component a polyester resin containing halogen atoms, e.g., chlorine or bromine, and a phthalocyanine pigment dispersed in the binder is applied to a conductive base to produce an electrophotographic binder.

Abstract: An improved electrophotographic photosensitive material having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing as an effective component an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a repeat unit of formula (I), or two repeat units of formulae (II) and (III): wherein Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.5, X, n, k and j are as specified in the specification.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer formed on a support. A surface layer (or the outermost layer) of the photosensitive layer contains a fluorine-modified organic silicone resin represented by the following average unit formula:{F(CF.sub.2).sub.a1 -Q.sub.1 -R.sub.1.m1 SiO.sub.(3-m1)/2 }.sub.X1 {F(CF.sub.2).sub.a2 -Q.sub.2 -R.sub.2.m2 SiO.sub.(3-m2)/2 }.sub.X2 . . . {F(CF.sub.2).sub.ap -Q.sub.p -R.sub.p.mp SiO.sub.(3-mp)/2 }.sub.Xp {R.sub.1 '.sub.n1 SiO.sub.(4-n1)/2)}.sub.y1 {R.sub.2 '.sub.n2 SiO.sub.4-n2)/2 }.sub.y2 . . . {R.sub.q '.sub.nq SiO.sub.(4-nq)/2 }.sub.yqwhere R.sub.1 -R.sub.p and R.sub.1 '-R.sub.q ' are each an alkyl or aryl group; Q.sub.1 -Q.sub.p are each an alkylene group; m1-mp are each an integer of 0 to 2; n1-nq are each an integer of 0 to 3; a1-aq are each an integer; x1-y1 are each a number larger than 0; and X2-Xp and Y2 are each respectively a number of 0 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging member which comprises a conductive substrate, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer comprising a polymer of the formulae I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, or X as further defined herein.

Abstract: An alternating copolymer comprising a repeating unit of the formula:--Z--(X--Y).sub.n-- (I)wherein n is at least 2, X is O, S, Se or Te, and Y and Z are independently an aromatic or substituted aromatic group, and at least one other repeating unit, which is useful as a photosensitive material used in a spatial light modulator.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor in which the surface of a photosensitive layer has a small friction coefficient without impairing the excellent electrophotographic characteristics and which has an enhanced oil resistance and does not cause light fatigue, the electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electroconductive support having formed thereon a photosensitive layer comprising at least a charge-generating agent, a charge-transfer agent and a binder resin, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a polycarbonate copolymer comprising a recurring unit represented by the general formula (I) as the binder resin: ##STR1## and a butadiene compound represented by the general formula (IV) as the charge-transfer agent: ##STR2##

Abstract: A surface layer of a photosensitive layer contains a resin comprising a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), and at least one compound of a triarylamine compound represented by the following general formula (2) and a styryl compound represented by the following general formula (3): ##STR1## wherein, X is --CR.sub.13 R.sub.14 --, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted .alpha.,.omega.-alkylene, single bond, --O--, --S--, --SO-- or --SO.sub.2 --, wherein R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 are each hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, and R.sub.1 to R.sub.12 are each hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl; ##STR2## wherein Y is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy, or ##STR3## wherein R.sub.15 ' to R.sub.24 ' are each hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy, R.sub.15 to R.sub.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer is laminated on the conductive substrate and includes at least phthalocyanine compound as a photoconductive material. In the photosensitive layer, the content of o-phthalonitrile polymer except the phthalocyanine compound is in a range of 100 nmol to 200 mmol with respect to 1 mol of the phthalocyanine compound. Thus, the electrophotographic photoconductor has an excellent surface-charge retention.

Abstract: A surface layer of a photosensitive layer contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of (a) a polyarylate resin having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) and (b) a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (2): ##STR1## wherein, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each single bond, --O--, --S-- or substituted or unsubstituted alkylene and are the same or different, R.sub.1 to R.sub.8 and R.sub.11 to R.sub.14 are each hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl and are the same or different, and R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 are each hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted silyl, alkyl or aryl and are the same or different, and n is an integer of 2 or more; ##STR2## wherein X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 are each single bond, --O--, --S-- or substituted or unsubstituted alkylene and are the same or different, R.sub.15 to R.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging member which comprises a conductive substrate, a photogenerating material, a charge transport material, and a polymeric binder comprising (a) a first polymer comprising a polycarbonate, and (b) a second polymer of the formulae I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, or X as further defined herein.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which contains a charge transport material with a polycarbonate structure having a triarylamino group at least on the main chain or side chain thereof, and a charge generation material with a phthalocyanine skeleton.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member is prepared by forming a dispersion of a charge transport material in a solvent system including at least two non-chlorinated solvents selected from tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and toluene, and applying the dispersion to an electrophotographic imaging member layer by solution coating.

Abstract: A thin (<5 .mu.m) charge injection barrier layer is provided on a top surface of an inverse dual layer photoconductor using hole transport or on at least one surface of a single layer photoconductor or on an electrically conductive substrate of a conventional dual layer photoconductor using either hole transport or electron transport. The charge injection barrier layer comprises at least one terpolymer given by the formula ?A.sub.x B.sub.y C.sub.z !.sub.n, where A is a charge injection prohibitor to prevent leakage of charge from the surface, B is a solubility control moiety to control solubility of the polymer and its glass transition temperature, and C is an electron charge moiety for neutralizing surface charge. Each of the moieties A, B, and C contain a vinyl group. The value of x is at least about 0.01, y is within the range of about 0.01 to 0.3, and z is within the range of about 0.01 to 0.4, with the sum of x+y+z=1.

Abstract: Electrical components comprising a ohmic contact-providing layer and a charge transport layer wherein the ohmic contact-providing layer comprises a fluorinated carbon filled fluoropolymer.

Abstract: An imaging member has a substrate of a polymer insoluble in solvent for the charge transport layer, a Tg of at least 90.degree. C. and a linear thermal contraction coefficient substantially identical to the linear thermal contraction coefficient of a charge transport layer.

Abstract: An aromatic polycarbonate containing a structural unit of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, Ar.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group and Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 are independently a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group. The aromatic polycarbonate is capable of transferring charges and is used for forming a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive medium.

Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotography having excellent electrophotographic characteristics such as chargeability, photosensitivity and dark attenuation, excellent corona resistance and excellent durability, which comprises an electrically conductive support and a photosensitive layer containing a resin binder and particles of a photoconductive phthalocyanine compound dispersed in said binder, said photosensitive layer containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of an electron acceptive material, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a hydroxyl group-containing polymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a charge transport dual layer for use in a multilayer photoreceptor comprising a support layer, a charge generating layer and a charge transport dual layer including a first transport layer containing a charge-transporting polymer, and a second transport layer containing a charge-transporting polymer having a lower weight percent of charge transporting segments than the charge-transporting polymer in the first transport layer. This structure has greater resistance to corona effects and provides for a longer service life. The charge-transporting polymers preferably comprise polymeric arylamine compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging member which comprises a conductive substrate, a photogenerating material, and a binder which comprises a polymer of the formulae I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, or X as further defined herein.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which has at least a charge generation layer containing a charge generating material and a polymeric charge transporting material, and a charge transport layer containing a polymeric charge transporting material.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor for digital photo-input, having a threshold value in its photo-induced decay curve and having a photosensitive layer of titanylphthalocyanine dispersed in a binder resin provided on an electroconductive substrate, wherein the binder resin is a polycarbonate resin and the photosensitive layer contains a compound having a carboxyl group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed which comprises a conductive support and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support. A surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polycarbonate resin having a chain fluoroalkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms. Also, an electrophotographic apparatus and a device unit are disclosed which comprise the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photoconductor comprising an electroconductive support and a photosensitive layer including a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer formed on the charge generation layer, the photosensitive layer being formed on the electroconductive support either directly or via an intermediate layer,wherein the charge transport layer contains a polyester resin having a structural unit (1) and a structural unit (2): ##STR1## wherein h:i is from 3:7 to 7:3, (h+i) is an integer from 10 to 1000, and a is an integer from 1 to 10, and the weight of the polyester resin is from 10 to 30 wt % to the total weight of resins contained in said charge transport layer. The residual potential of the photoconductor does not increase even upon repeated use under high temperature and high humidity. When a polycarbonate resin is contained as a binding resin in the charge transport layer, the surface of the photoconductor can be made tough and hardly scratched.

Abstract: An electrophotographic element comprising a high mobility charge transport layer. The layer binder is a polyester according to formula I: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents phenylene, terephthoyl, isophthoyl, 5-t-butyl-1,3-phenylene and phenylene indane;D represents alkyl, linear or branched, or cycloalkyl, having from 4 to about 12 carbons;R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 represent H, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl, norbornyl, phenylindanyl, perfluoralkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, .alpha., .alpha.-dihydrofluoroalkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and .alpha.,.alpha.,.omega.-hydrofluoroalkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; andR.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, and R.sup.12 represent, H, halo and alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbons;x is from 0 to 0.8; andy is from 0 to 1.

Abstract: A photoconductive recording material comprising a support and a charge generating layer (CGL) in contiguous relationship with a charge transporting layer (CTL) containing a p-charge transporting material (p-CTM), wherein the binder of said charge generating layer (CGL) has been made insoluble in methylene chloride by crosslinking, and said binder is composed essentially of at least one epoxy resin (1) as defined herein and/or at least one dialkanolamine-modified epoxy resin linked with at least one polyisocyanate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate, the photosensitive layer comprising a specific hole transferring material and/or electron transferring material and a binding resin of a polyester resin which is a substantially linear polymer obtained by using a specific dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and indicate a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aralkyl group or the like. This photosensitive material is improved in sensitivity, and is also superior in adhesion to conductive substrate as well as mechanical strength such as wear resistance, etc.

Abstract: A multiactive photoconductive element exhibiting reduced black spots in discharged area development systems. The element includes (A) a conductive layer, (B) an aggregate charge generation layer in direct physcial contact with the conductive layer and (C) a charge transport layer. The charge generation layer contains (i) a binder an adhesive polymer. The charge transport layer contains a binder according to formula II: ##STR1## wherein the Ar, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, and R.sup.12 and x are defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a uniform film, in which the electrical characteristics are not deteriorated over an extended period of time without causing abrasion, scratches and film defects on the surface of the photoreceptor by the contact with toner, a developer, paper and a cleaning blade and which can repeatedly be used. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has a conductive support and a photoconductive layer provided on the above conductive support, and the photoconductive layer contains a charge-generating material, a charge-transporting material and a binder resin having no or one glass transition point.