Abstract: Embodiments disclosed include fabrication and use of a three-dimensional, multi-compartmental anatomical model of a portion of an eye.

Abstract: A virtual reality platform is provided for training medical personnel to diagnose patients. A virtual reality platform can include application software that creates a virtual reality environment in which patients having a variety of conditions can be examined. As the user interacts with a patient in the virtual reality environment, the application software can present elements of patient information. The application software can track whether the user discovers the elements of patient information that are necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis for the correct reasons and present a corresponding score to assist the user in developing his or her diagnosing skills. The application software may also be configured to provide a differential diagnose coach feature to enable the user to learn how each element of patient information he or she discovers when examining a patient may impact the likelihood that the patient has a particular condition.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a device for training in ophthalmic surgery that can be used for training in glaucoma surgery. The problem can be solved by a device for training in ophthalmic surgery including: a simulated-eyeball pedestal having a recess into which a simulated eyeball can be directly or indirectly inserted; a simulated eyeball insertable into the simulated-eyeball pedestal, or a member for retaining a simulated eyeball that retains a simulated eyeball, the member for retaining the simulated eyeball being insertable into the simulated-eyeball pedestal; and a mechanism for generating a restoring force that generates a force for restoring a position of the simulated eyeball or the simulated-eyeball retaining member toward a normal state with respect to the simulated-eyeball pedestal; the simulated eyeball or the member for retaining the simulated eyeball rotating along the recess of the simulated-eyeball pedestal.

Abstract: A simulated eyeball for training in ophthalmic surgery includes a simulated sclera region that constitutes a simulated sclera, and a conductor layer that is formed on a side of the simulated sclera region that is on an interior of the simulated eyeball, the conductor layer forming a simulated choroid region.

Abstract: There is described a system for controlling an artificial body comprising at least one of at least one articulated body part and a sound reproduction device, the system comprising: a display unit for displaying an image of an eye thereon, the screen comprising a plurality of light cells each adapted to emit light, at least a given one of the light cells being adapted to selectively emit light and detect light; and a controller for controlling the display unit, the controller for: operating at least one first light cell each as a light detector in order to detect light incident thereon, the least one first light cell being selected among the at least a given one of the light cells; determining a reaction as a function of the detected light; and outputting a command indicative of the determined reaction.

Abstract: A surgical eye model assembly for simulating eye surgery using surgical tools includes a spherical surgical body formed of material which can be readily cut using the surgical tools so as to be representative of an ocular globe. A plurality of suspension arms extend radially outward from the surgical body in proximity to the rear side at circumferentially spaced apart locations about the central axis to suspend the surgical body relative to the a rigid base frame. Elongate strands of resilient material are tensioned about the surgical body to represent muscular strands. A sheet of resilient material surrounds the body and strands to be representative of a conjunctiva layer. Lubricant is provided as a layer about the strands and between the sheet and the body. Resilient material can also form in loosely bonded layers to define additional structures surrounding the body to represent a lens, vascular structures, eyelids, etc.

Abstract: A representation of the skull (“a mask”) based upon imaging of the head enables simulation of surgical procedures. The mask is limited in extent to a zone extending above the inferior boundary of the maxilla in the axial plane, between the outer limits of the zygomatic bones in the sagittal plane, and anterior to the coronal suture of the skull in the coronal plane, and includes orbits and a nasal opening. The mask is detachably connected to a posterior base. The base includes a fluid retaining surface which forms a basin. A peripheral edge slidingly mates with a posterior portion of the mask to enable rotation of the mask. The base has a mounting surface for eye models that is posterior to each of the mask orbits. A drain port enables drainage from the base. A nasal structure resembling a nose is reversibly insertable into the nasal opening.

Abstract: A system and method for delivering psychomotor skill training, providing didactic instruction using an internet portal, tracking performance, and providing user feedback within a multisensory environment, serving as an integration for existing multimodal ultrasound training systems. This multisensory psychomotor skill training environment of the present invention would extend the existing described patented technologies by further adding realism through representation of virtual (digital) characters into a training scenario (e.g., pregnant patient), superimposing virtual (digital) guides or prompts onto actual real physical objects (e.g., anatomical landmarks or guides onto a mannequin or patient) embedding the training instruments within a broader virtual (digital) scenario (e.g., operating room). The ability to create these virtual, augmented, and mixed reality scenarios enables cost-effective, realistic, and improved training capabilities that mirror real-life training scenarios.

Abstract: A reusable surgical model of the eye has mating anterior and posterior segments. The posterior segment has structures corresponding to those of the eye, including a hollow globe and an image of the fundus positioned upon an interior, posterior portion of the globe. A mating connector is peripherally formed about an open end of the globe. The anterior segment includes structures corresponding to those of the eye, including a pars plana, an opening in a region corresponding to an iris, and a lens positionable within the opening. The anterior segment has a peripheral connector which mates with that of the posterior segment. The lens is removably connected to the anterior segment, and has a focal length corresponding to a natural eye. A coating is applied to the fundus to enable simulation of a membrane peeling procedure, and the globe is fillable with a vitreous substitute.

Abstract: A customizable mannequin form that may be decorated according to user preference is provided. The mannequin form includes a front side resembling a face, wherein one or more accessory apertures are disposed thereon. The front side is removably secured to a rear side, thereby forming an interior volume. The front side and the rear side are removably attachable to one another via one or more fasteners. A speaker and light source are operatively connected to a power source, wherein the speaker, light source, and power source are disposed within the interior volume of the mannequin form. The mannequin form further includes multiple accessory portions that may be inserted through the one or more accessory apertures disposed on the front side in order to provide a customized appearance.

Abstract: The present invention is a medical training apparatus and system is provided for training of medical professionals in ophthalmic examinations based on manipulation of a medical tool. The apparatus may comprise a physical model of an eye having an opening through which an image display is visible that simulates the appearance of an eye during ophthalmoscopy. A modified ophthalmoscope includes movement sensors and captures movement information, which is processed by the system to selectively display corresponding sections of images of an eye. The training apparatus is operable for one or more simulations for training a trainee in a medical examination or procedure for a body part in accordance with a training method.

Abstract: An artificial eye can include a body defining a cavity; a lens element disposed within the cavity; a cornea element positioned anteriorly of the lens element; and a liquid disposed within the cavity such that the liquid is positioned between the lens element and the cornea element. A method of simulating an ophthalmic procedure can include providing an artificial eye positioned in an optical path of light transmitted by an ophthalmic device and at least one of calibrating the ophthalmic device using the artificial eye; and operating on the artificial eye using the ophthalmic device.

Abstract: A model newborn human eye which includes a hemispherical-shaped, integrally molded top assembly comprising a visually transparent cornea portion surrounding a visually opaque sclera portion in combination with a hemispherical-shaped bottom assembly comprising a bowl-shaped substrate disposed therein. The model newborn human eye further comprises a retinal layer comprising a two dimensional image of retinal vasculature disposed on said substrate, where the model newborn human eye is dimensioned for diagnosing Retinopathy of Prematurity (“ROP”) in premature infants.

Abstract: An apparatus for teaching and practicing an ophthalmologic surgical technique of creating the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis comprises a housing with a first base end and a second suction cup end for holding a malleable body; a flexible film or cellophane-type membrane covers the operating area of the malleable body; this flexible film can be held into place on the first base end with a first cap with an aperture or opening; in between the first base end and the second suction cup end, there can be a flexible stock with a threaded or friction connection. There can also be a second cap addition, which simulates a cornea and anterior chamber, which can be filled with viscoelastic material, which can increase the pressure in the eye and flattens the anterior capsule.

Abstract: Surgical trauma training simulator system including replaceable trauma module structured to mimic a portion of human anatomy and, in particular, a prosthetic anatomical structure containing a periorbital structure that includes an eye-lid and an eye globe in cooperation with a drive mechanism. The system is structured to provide, in operation, an event-driven surgical gesture recognition-based tracking of the simulation of the surgical procedure by the trainee and, in absence of expert trainer, provide visual feedback comparing the tracked simulation with correct sequence of steps of such procedure.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ocular surgery training device including a base body, an eye means, and a surgery model component. The base body is provided with a receiving seat. The eye means is provided on the base body, and the eye means includes an eye base and a cover body. The eye base has a containing groove, and the cover body has an operation channel communicated with the containing groove. The surgery model component is replaceably provided between the receiving seat and the containing groove. Thereby the surgery model component in the eye means can be rapidly replaced by others for simulating various ocular surgeries.

Abstract: A model newborn human eye which includes a hemispherical-shaped, integrally molded top assembly comprising a visually transparent cornea portion surrounding a visually opaque sclera portion in combination with a hemispherical-shaped bottom assembly comprising a bowl-shaped substrate disposed therein. The model newborn human eye further comprises a retinal layer comprising a two dimensional image of retinal vasculature disposed on said substrate, where the model newborn human eye is dimensioned for diagnosing Retinopathy of Prematurity (“ROP”) in premature infants.

Abstract: A system and method for the practice of removing foreign objects from a human eye. The system can be mounted onto a biomicroscope such that a trainee can utilize the device to practice careful removal of foreign objects on or embedded in an artificial eyeball.

Abstract: An apparatus for teaching and practicing an ophthalmologic surgical technique of creating the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis comprises a housing with a first base end and a second suction cup end for holding a malleable body; a flexible film or cellophane-type membrane covers the operating area of the malleable body; this flexible film can be held into place on the first base end with a first cap with an aperture or opening; in between the first base end and the second suction cup end, there can be a flexible stock with a threaded connection. There can also be a second cap addition, which simulates a cornea and anterior chamber, which can be filled with viscoelastic material, which can increase the pressure in the eye and flattens the anterior capsule.

Abstract: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training manikins and methods of using CPR training manikins are described.

Abstract: An object is to provide an artificial lens for use in an artificial eye device for cataract surgery practice. The artificial lens includes an artificial nucleus corresponding to a human eye lens nucleus and an artificial cortex corresponding to a human eye lens cortex. The artificial nucleus is formed of an agar gel of agar concentration 1.0 wt % to 5.0 wt %. The artificial cortex is formed of an agar gel of agar concentration 0.5 wt % to 1.5 wt % which is lower than the agar concentration of an agar gel forming the artificial nucleus. In another embodiment, an artificial lens includes an artificial nucleus corresponding to a human eye lens nucleus and an artificial cortex corresponding to a human eye lens cortex. The artificial nucleus is formed of cheese or a cheese-like substance, and the artificial cortex is formed of pulp fiber.

Abstract: Cells derived from postpartum umbilicus and placenta are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions, devices and methods for the regeneration or repair of ocular tissue using the postpartum-derived cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: An eye assembly for use in a patient simulator is provided. The eye assembly includes an iris diaphragm having a moveable inner portion defining an opening. The inner portion of the iris diaphragm is movable radially from a first position wherein the opening has a first diameter and a second position wherein the opening has a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The iris diaphragm is configured for use in a simulated eye. The eye assembly also includes a dilation actuator in communication with the inner portion of the iris diaphragm for selectively moving the inner portion between the first and second positions to simulate dilation of an eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope simulator for simulation and a method for simulation of the handling of an ophthalmoscope, having a support that can be attached to a head of an observer, at least one first imaging display disposed on said support, wherein the display can be placed in front of an eye of the observer for displaying a virtual reality, an ophthalmoscope dummy that can be supported by one hand of the observer, a position recognition system for determining the spatial position and/or orientation of the support and of the ophthalmoscope dummy and a computer for displaying an image of an environment, a patient head and/or at least a portion of the ophthalmoscope dummy on the display.

Abstract: A model human eye that is structurally suited for practicing surgical techniques, including extraocular muscle resection and recession, is presented. The model eye comprises a hemispherical-shaped, bottom assembly having multiple retinal layers and a hemispherical-shaped, integrally molded top assembly having a visually transparent cornea portion surrounding a visually opaque sclera portion. The model eye further comprises an annular iris, a lenticular bag, an anterior chamber having a first fluid disposed therein, and a posterior chamber having a second fluid disposed therein.

Abstract: A patient simulating mannequin has a head, at least one electronic visual display mounted to the head, and an electronic controller connected to the at least one electronic visual display. The at least one electronic visual display displays at least one of a plurality of eye images in response to a signal from the electronic controller. The plurality of eye images includes a plurality of images of pupils and at least one of iris and sclera. The plurality of images of the pupils and the at least one of iris and sclera includes images of at least one of different colors, positions and shapes of these elements. The electronic controller can control a brightness of the electronic visual display. An eye module and a method for modeling eyes of a patient simulating mannequin are also disclosed.

Abstract: A manikin for practicing resuscitation, comprising an inflatable body (1). The inflatable body (1) is adapted to absorb compression force exerted during simulated chest compression. Preferably, the manikin also comprises a chest plate (4), the chest plate (4) acting as a pressure distributor on the inflatable body (1). The chest plate (4) being connected to the inflatable body (1) by elastic means (22). The manikin may also comprise a lung part (2), the lung part being connected to a face mask (3). The lung (2) being adapted for inflation through the mouth and/or the nose of the face mask (3). The lung (2) having a chest portion (13) positioned substantially parallel to the chest portion (5) of the inflatable body (1). The face mask (3) being positioned at a head portion (7) of the inflatable body (1).

Abstract: According to the invention, in order to visualize the ultraviolet radiation reflection power of a glasses lens (10), a face of said lens is exposed to an ultraviolet radiation in order to reflect a portion of said radiation. The portion of the reflected radiation then activates a developer surface (3) having a visual appearance that changes under the influence of the received ultraviolet radiation. The developer surface is watched in real time by an observer (100). Such a visualization is particularly quick, simple and demonstrative, and can be used in an optician's shop to help a client chose a glasses lens.

Abstract: A model human eye suitable for practicing surgical procedures, comprising a hemispherical-shaped bottom assembly having a bowl-shaped substrate disposed therein, a retinal layer disposed on the bowl-shaped substrate, and a hemispherical-shaped top portion attached to the bottom portion, the top portion comprising a visually transparent cornea portion and a visually opaque sclera portion, wherein the cornea portion and the sclera portion are integrally molded, wherein the cornea portion comprises a posterior corneal surface, wherein a distance from the posterior corneal surface to the retinal layer is an axial length. The model human eye is particularly suited for practicing A-scan ultrasound biometry and optical coherence biometry.

Abstract: A model human eye suitable for practicing surgical procedures, comprising a hemispherical-shaped bottom assembly having a bowl-shaped substrate disposed therein, a retinal layer disposed on the bowl-shaped substrate, and a hemispherical-shaped top portion attached to the bottom portion, the top portion comprising a visually transparent cornea portion and a visually opaque sclera portion, wherein the cornea portion and the sclera portion are integrally molded, wherein the cornea portion comprises a posterior corneal surface, wherein a distance from the posterior corneal surface to the retinal layer is an axial length. The model human eye is particularly suited for practicing A-scan ultrasound biometry and optical coherence biometry.

Abstract: An apparatus for teaching and practicing an ophthalmologic surgical technique of creating the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis comprises a flexible and removable cellophane-type cover, which is wrapped substantially around a putty-like malleable body to mimic the human anterior lens capsule and lens anatomy.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic ball model having a set of ocular parts of a human anatomy comprises of molded components of a ductile resin such as soft silicone, polyurethane resin, fluorine resin, synthetic rubber, natural rubber or a combination of these resins; said parts are transparent or are colored and are patterned; said parts are in a solid form or a sheet form which can be attachable or removable; and such a structure is adopted as a model as to be transformed by pressure.

Abstract: A model human eye comprising a cylindrical base portion comprising a bowl-shaped substrate disposed therein, and a plurality of retinal layers stacked on the surface of that bowl-shaped substrate. The model eye further comprises a hemi-spherical-shaped top portion comprising a visually transparent cornea portion and a visually opaque sclera portion comprising an inner surface, an annular iris continuously attached to the inner surface and extending inwardly therefrom, and a lenticular bag continuously attached to the iris, wherein the iris in combination with the lenticular bag and the cornea portion define an anterior chamber. The top portion is attached to the base portion to define a posterior chamber.

Abstract: A model human eye is disclosed. The model human eye comprises a extended hemispherical-shaped assembly comprising a center point, an open end defined by a first continuous distal end, a cornea portion symmetrically disposed around the center point, and a sclera portion disposed between the cornea portion and the first continuous distal end. The extended hemispherical-shaped assembly comprises an integral molding. The model human eye further comprises a lenticular bag disposed within the extended hemispherical-shaped assembly. The model human eye further comprises a base comprising a bottom and one or more walls attached to that bottom and extending outwardly therefrom, where the one or more walls comprise a second continuous distal end. The first continuous distal end is attached to the second continuous distal end to define an enclosed space. The lenticular bag separates the enclosed space into an anterior chamber and a posterior chamber.

Abstract: A model human eye that is structurally suited for practicing surgical techniques, including extraocular muscle resection and recession, is presented. The model eye comprises a hemispherical-shaped, bottom assembly having multiple retinal layers and a hemispherical-shaped, integrally molded top assembly having a visually transparent cornea portion surrounding a visually opaque sclera portion. The model eye further comprises an annular iris, a lenticular bag, an anterior chamber having a first fluid disposed therein, and a posterior chamber having a second fluid disposed therein.

Abstract: A classifying method according to an eye form considers the eye form feature as an important factor, to provide an eye cosmetic treatment method for appropriately and quickly making up the eye so that the eye balances and looks large and attractive according to the type categorized by the classifying method. A makeup tool is devised by integrating an eye form feature analyzing method with a form shaping method by markup. An eye form classifying method uses as indexes, three forms, namely, the eye frame form showing the shape of the eye contour, the eye form showing the three-dimensional shape of the eye, and the angle form of the inner corner and outer edge, the eye forms are classified. The eye forms are classified by comparing the eye form with the eye form of a reference balanced eye.

Abstract: An eye model including a front positive lens, a rear positive lens, an aperture stop located between the front and rear positive lenses, and a focal plane located rearward of the rear positive lens, wherein the front positive lens has a meniscus shape having an outer surface radius equal to a radius of a human eye, and wherein the rear positive lens has a rear surface having a radius equal to a distance from the aperture stop to the rear surface.

Abstract: An artificial eye structure rotates an artificial upper eyelid via the attraction between a number of electromagnetic elements disposed in a line and a magnet. The rotation angle of the artificial upper eyelid can be controlled by selectively magnetizing the electromagnetic elements.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope simulator for simulation and a method for simulation of the handling of an ophthalmoscope, having a support that can be attached to a head of an observer, at least one first imaging display disposed on said support, wherein the display can be placed in front of an eye of the observer for displaying a virtual reality, an ophthalmoscope dummy that can be supported by one hand of the observer, a position recognition system for determining the spatial position and/or orientation of the support and of the ophthalmoscope dummy and a computer for displaying an image of an environment, a patient head and/or at least a portion of the ophthalmoscope dummy on the display.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic surgery simulation device is provided for realistic practice and training of ophthalmologic surgical procedures and techniques. The device includes a base, a stand extending upwardly from the base, a cup pivotally mounted on the stand, and a facial mask. A practice eye is retained in the cup by suction. The position of the cup relative to the eye sockets in the mask is adjustable, in a preferred embodiment. The cup and the eye are pivotal about at least two axes during surgical practice. The device can also be used for practicing other procedures on the eye.

Abstract: An opthalmologic ball model having a set of ocular parts of a human anatomy comprises of molded components of a ductile resin such as soft silicone, polyurethane resin, fluorine resin, synthetic rubber, natural rubber or a combination of these resins; said parts are transparent or are colored and are patterned; said parts are in a solid form or a sheet form which can be attachable or removable; and such a structure is adopted as a model as to be transformed by pressure.

Abstract: An eye assembly for use in a patient simulator is provided. The eye assembly includes an iris diaphragm having a moveable inner portion defining an opening. The inner portion of the iris diaphragm is movable radially from a first position wherein the opening has a first diameter and a second position wherein the opening has a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The iris diaphragm is configured for use in a simulated eye. The eye assembly also includes a dilation actuator in communication with the inner portion of the iris diaphragm for selectively moving the inner portion between the first and second positions to simulate dilation of an eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic surgery simulation device is provided for realistic practice and training of ophthalmologic surgical procedures and techniques. The device includes a base, a stand extending upwardly from the base, a cup pivotally mounted on the stand, and a facial mask. A practice eye is retained in the cup by suction. The position of the cup relative to the eye sockets in the mask is adjustable, in a preferred embodiment. The cup and the eye are pivotal about at least two axes during surgical practice. The device can also be used for practicing other procedures on the eye.

Abstract: A model human eye is disclosed. The model human eye comprises a extended hemispherical-shaped assembly comprising a center point, an open end defined by a first continuous distal end, a cornea portion symmetrically disposed around the center point, and a sclera portion disposed between the cornea portion and the first continuous distal end. The extended hemispherical-shaped assembly comprises an integral molding. The model human eye further comprises a lenticular bag disposed within the extended hemispherical-shaped assembly. The model human eye further comprises a base comprising a bottom and one or more walls attached to that bottom and extending outwardly therefrom, where the one or more walls comprise a second continuous distal end. The first continuous distal end is attached to the second continuous distal end to define an enclosed space. The lenticular bag separates the enclosed space into an anterior chamber and a posterior chamber.

Abstract: A model human eye comprising a cylindrical base portion comprising a bowl-shaped substrate disposed therein, and a plurality of retinal layers stacked on the surface of that bowl-shaped substrate. The model eye further comprises a hemi-spherical-shaped top portion comprising a visually transparent cornea portion and a visually opaque sclera portion comprising an inner surface, an annular iris continuously attached to the inner surface and extending inwardly therefrom, and a lenticular bag continuously attached to the iris, wherein the iris in combination with the lenticular bag and the cornea portion define an anterior chamber. The top portion is attached to the base portion to define a posterior chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods to teach individuals information about items, including the human body and body parts utilizing edible prototypes, such as body parts constructed of chocolate. According to one embodiment, an educational learning kit is provided for teaching the different parts, textures and workings of at least one part of the human body, the kit comprising: an edible prototype of a body part, having at least two layers and being anatomically correct in texture and placement and an educational card corresponding to the body part containing information the contains information including the function of the body parts.

Abstract: Cells derived from postpartum umbilicus and placenta are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions, devices and methods for the regeneration or repair of ocular tissue using the postpartum-derived cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for simulating life-like conditions during eye surgery. The device includes a prosthetic head which includes an eye socket coupled to a fluid line adapted to create negative pressure or a vacuum in the eye socket. An eye for practicing surgical techniques can be placed in the socket and negative pressure used to hold the eye in the socket in a manner which feels analogous to the way an eye feels to a surgeon operating on a live human.

Abstract: An eye model 10 includes a partially-spherical transparent disk 12 for representing a cornea, and a housing 14 attached to the disk 12 including a volume for holding a fluid representing aqueous within an eye. An annular ring 18 is attached to the housing 14 for representing an iris and a lens 20 is attached to the annular ring 18 for representing a lens of the eye. An end-cap 22 on an end opposite the disk 12 represents a retina.

Abstract: A visual aid for using contact lenses comprises an eyeball and a cover that contains the eyeball, and a model contact lens. The eyeball includes a sclera, an iris and a pupil. The cover includes an upper eyelid and a lower eyelid that can be opened and closed. The visual aid also includes a simulated contact lens that can be placed between the eyelids and the eyeball for demonstrating the proper insertion and wearing of contact lenses. The eyelids simulate natural movements of human eyelids. Additionally, methods for using the visual aid for using contact lenses for instruction in insertion, and removal, of contact lenses from the eye are described.