Abstract: According to one aspect, a system for augmented reality visualization of benign paroxysmal position vertigo (BPPV) disorder. The system includes a camera configured to capture an image sequence, a processing unit configured to generate at least one virtual model of an inner ear, wherein the at least one virtual model of the inner ear comprises an accurate anatomical representation of a real human inner ear; and a display configured to display the at least one virtual model of the inner ear over the image sequence.

Abstract: Computer simulation of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) medical imaging examination procedures by visually displaying, for user selection, MRI settings associated with third party MRI vendors. Critical questions are displayed relating to a user selected simulated MRI examination procedure. A user selected MRI examination procedure is simulated by generating resulting MRI images, which are displayed to the user. A deviation value is generated correlating to deviation of the generated resulting MRI images from acceptable MRI images relating to the user selected MRI examination procedure. A score value is determined for the user's simulated MRI examination procedure based upon the determined deviation value and the user's response to the one or more critical questions.

Abstract: A compact and versatile mixed reality simulator system and methods may comprise a mixed reality processing engine and a haptic control engine to control a linear electromagnetic motor (LEM) of 1 degree of freedom made of a handheld instrument replicate and a trocar-like instrument hosting duct. The compact and versatile mixed reality simulator system may comprise multiple interchangeable instrument hosting ducts and handheld instrument replicates and the mixed reality processing engine may automatically detect, from sensors, which instrument replicate has been inserted in which duct. The mixed reality processing engine may detect a virtual contact between the handheld instrument replicate and a virtual object in a mixed reality scenario.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a resettable respiratory inhaler training device is provided herein. The resettable respiratory inhaler training device includes a device housing having an unlocked position and a locked position, the housing comprising a chamber; a cartridge for placement into the chamber, the cartridge comprising a body for insertion into the chamber and a base, said cartridge including a status indicator window to indicate a new or used cartridge, an aperture in the base and a shutter to selectively open or close the aperture; and a reset cap comprising a protrusion for interfacing with the aperture during reset of the device; wherein operation of the device changes the status indicator window from used to new to reset the cartridge for a subsequent use.

Abstract: A portable surgical training device is provided. The trainer includes a top cover spaced apart from a base to form a simulated body cavity for locating model organs that are substantially obscured from the field of view of the user. The top cover includes a video display, fixed insertion ports and interchangeable inserts containing simulated tissue layers. The training device has open sides for demonstrating and training lateral surgical techniques including a simulated or live tissue colon attached to a support leg for simulating transanal minimally invasive surgery. A training endoscope with an adjustable focal length for use with the trainer and, in particular, with optical trocars is disclosed. The surgical trainer can be angled and is well suited for training laparoscopic surgery techniques and demonstrating surgical instruments.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing an interactive demonstration of an ultrasound user interface are generally described herein. The method may include, at a multi-use display device: receiving a demonstration ultrasound dataset from a server; displaying, on the ultrasound user interface, ultrasound data from the demonstration ultrasound dataset; receiving input, on the ultrasound user interface, to interact with the ultrasound data from the ultrasound dataset; and in response to the received input, updating the ultrasound user interface so that the ultrasound user interface corresponds to the received input, the updated ultrasound user interface appearing substantially similar to an appearance of the ultrasound user interface that is displayed if the received input is received during display of a live ultrasound image feed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for medical image diagnoses in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a method for evaluating multimedia content. The method includes steps for receiving multimedia content and identifying a set of one or more image frames for each of several target views from the received multimedia content. For each target view, the method includes steps for evaluating the corresponding set of image frames to generate an intermediate result. The method includes steps for determining a composite result based on the intermediate results for each of the several target views.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are gross positioning systems for use with robotic surgical devices to provide gross positioning of the robotic surgical devices. The gross positioning systems have a base, a first arm link operably coupled to the base, a second arm link operably coupled to the first arm link, a third arm link operably coupled to the second arm link, and a slidable coupling component slidably coupled to the third arm link.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a compliant mechanism (100) for application of radial resistance on a simulation endoscope (101). The mechanism (100) comprises a support plate (102), a ring member (103) rotatably mounted on the support plate (102) and a plurality of flexible beam assemblies (104) configured in an inner circumference of the ring member (103). The plurality of flexible beam assemblies (104) comprises a first beam (104a) connectable to the ring member (103) and a second beam (104b) connectable to the support plate (102), the circular motion of at least one of the support plate (102) and the ring member (103), relative to each other, moves the plurality of flexible beam assemblies (104) radially inward and radially outward to selectively apply radial resistance on the simulation endoscope (101). The complaint mechanism (100) of present disclosure are joint less mechanisms which are free from backlash and friction in joints.

Abstract: A resuscitation system for use in the resuscitation of a subject includes a computing device configured to input subject information and use the subject information to create a subject resuscitation strategy, a sensor configured to detect subject biosignals and use the subject biosignals to monitor for a subject cardiac arrest event, and a defibrillator configured to determine and deliver a subject resuscitation treatment. On determination of a subject cardiac arrest event, the sensor outputs sensor subject biosignals to the computing device. The computing device uses the sensor subject biosignals to adapt the subject resuscitation strategy and output the subject resuscitation strategy to the defibrillator. The defibrillator measures subject biodata and uses the subject biodata and the subject resuscitation strategy to determine and deliver a subject resuscitation treatment.

Abstract: An analysis system trains a machine learning model to detect stapling events from a video of a surgical procedure. The machine learning model detects times when stapling events occur as well as one or more characteristics of each stapling event such as length of staples, clamping time, or other characteristics. The machine learning model is trained on videos of surgical procedures identifying when stapling events occurred through a learning process. The machine learning model may be applied to an input video to detect a sequence of stapler events. Stapler event sequences may furthermore be analyzed and/or aggregated to generate various analytical data relating to the surgical procedures for applications such as inventor management, performance evaluation, or predicting patient outcomes.

Abstract: Provided is a fixture tool for securing a bio-textured organ model created by reproducing or deforming the texture and appearance of an actual organ for manipulation training. The fixture tool includes a fixture body and a plurality of holding parts attachable to and detachable from the fixture body. The fixture body includes: integrally connected plates composed of a rectangular center plate and mutually opposing first and second plates rotatably connected to both long sides of the center plate via hinges; and a leg attached to the lower surface of the center plate. The first and second plates have a locking section for securing the holding part. The holding part has a holding surface capable of holding the bio-textured organ model. The holding part is configured such that the holding surface inclines relative to a plate surface when the holding part is secured to the first and second plates.

Abstract: A user interface for a health management platform is described that includes a virtual sidekick configured to assist a patient in managing a chronic health condition. The virtual sidekick may represent an individual (not necessarily the patient) that is facing similar challenges as the patient such as the same chronic health condition as the patient. In some embodiments, the virtual sidekick can be presented in a virtual scene that includes one or more reverse augmented realty elements that are indicative of a physical context of the patient. For example, the virtual scene may depict visual elements indicative of the patient's physical location and/or weather conditions at the patient's physical location. Data used to personalize and dynamically animate the virtual sidekick to assist the patient in managing a chronic health condition can come from multiple different sources.

Abstract: A method and system for evaluating casualty caused by landslide chain disaster induced by heavy rain are provided. The method includes: obtaining historical landslide data, candidate influence factors and personnel traffic distribution data of an observation site; dividing the historical landslide data into a model construction sample group, a model verification sample group, and a model test sample group; obtaining an occurrence probability of landslide chain disaster of each spatial position in the observation site; determining a start-up landslide source region of the landslide chain disaster according to the model verification sample group and the occurrence probability; determining an affected region of the landslide chain disaster according to the start-up landslide source region; determining a personnel number exposed to the landslide chain disaster; and setting an event division threshold, and evaluating the number of casualties according to the event division threshold and the personnel number.

Abstract: A plurality of systems and methods for improving a cardiac ablation procedure are disclosed. The systems and methods include a cloud server that includes a database containing information about previously performed cardiac ablations, a local server that is communicatively coupled to the cloud server via first network, and a surgical system that is communicatively coupled to the local server via second network. The cloud server is configured to receive, via the local server, electrical and anatomical data of a heart of a patient from the surgical system, perform a comparison of the electrical and anatomical data of the heart to the database information, generate a surgical treatment plan for the heart based on the comparison, wherein the surgical treatment plan includes a grid of the heart, and transmit, via the local server, the surgical treatment plan to the surgical system.

Abstract: A leadless biostimulator including an attachment feature to facilitate precise manipulation during delivery or retrieval is described. The attachment feature can be monolithically formed from a rigid material, and includes a base, a button, and a stem interconnecting the base to the button. The stem is a single post having a transverse profile extending around a central axis. The transverse profile can be annular and can surround the central axis. The leadless biostimulator includes a battery assembly having a cell can that includes an end boss. A tether recess in the end boss is axially aligned with a face port in the button to receive tethers of a delivery or retrieval system through an inner lumen of the stem. The attachment feature can be mounted on and welded to the cell can at a thickened transition region around the end boss. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A training device (10) for training a user in the operation of an auto-injector that dispenses a medicament is described. The training device (10) comprises a housing (13), an actuation assembly (22) located within the housing (13), the actuation assembly (22) comprising a plunger (24) and a guide member (26), the plunger and the guide member defining, and connected by, a complementary first male profile and a first female profile. The plunger (24) is movable with respect to the guide member (26) along a first path defined by at least a portion of the first male or the first female profiles, the plunger (24) moving linearly between a start position and a finish position. The first path extends in a direction non-parallel to the linear movement of the plunger (24).

Abstract: A surgical training device is provided. The training device includes a practice model comprising a base with a plurality of eyelets connected to the outer surface of the base. The plurality of eyelets defines at least one predetermined pathway for practicing the passing of at least one needle and suture through the eyelets of the predetermined pathway. Various eyelets are described including angled, flexible, deflectable, interchangeable, retractable, rotatable and ones having apertures of various shapes and sizes. The predetermined pathway is marked with markings on the outer surface of base or with color-coded eyelets. Suture pathways define anatomical pathways as well as differing skill levels. The model provides a platform for practicing hand-to-hand transfer and depth perception among other skills required in laparoscopic procedures.

Abstract: A surgical skills training model has an elongated body including muscle, fascia, subcutaneous tissue, connective tissue and skin mimicking layers. The fascia and connective tissue layer are made from a material having a stretch direction that is aligned with a longitudinal axis of the muscle layer and the body of the model.

Abstract: A trainer for practicing an intraosseous infusion is presented. The trainer includes a mannequin and an injection-site simulant. The mannequin is in the form of a body, human or animal, in part or whole. The injection-site simulant further includes a pocket, an insert, and an outer cover. The pocket extends into the mannequin. The insert simulates a hard exterior of a bone. The insert is disposed within the pocket. The outer cover with a plug simulates a skin, human or animal. The outer cover conceals the insert, the pocket, and the plug. The pocket and the insert cooperate to form a cavity. The cavity is disposed where marrow resides within the bone. The cavity is capable of receiving a fluid injected through a hole formed during use through the outer cover, the plug, and the insert. The plug sealingly contacts and cooperates with at least one of the insert or the wall within the pocket to confine the fluid within the cavity.

Abstract: A computer-assisted medical system includes robotic manipulators, a user input system operable to generate signals to control the manipulators, and a controller configured to execute instructions to perform operations. A portion of the user input system is movable relative to the plurality of manipulators. The operations include, in a pairing mode, associating a first manipulator of the plurality of manipulators with the portion of the user input system based on movement of the portion of the user input system relative to the first manipulator, and, in a following mode, controlling motion of the first manipulator in accordance with an indication generated by the user input system in response to operation of the portion of the user input system by a user.

Abstract: A system and method for tracking position and orientation of a surgical tool during a surgical procedure and providing feedback to a user are described. For example the system includes a surgical tool configured to perform at least a portion of the surgical procedure, a tracking system configured to monitor and record position information related to the surgical tool, a processing system, and a display. The processing system can be configured to receive the position information, determine optimal position information for the surgical tool during the surgical procedure, compare the received position information against the optimal position information to determine a conformance level for the user, and generate a user performance record. The display can be configured to receive and display the user performance record.

Abstract: One example method for predictive clinical planning and design includes instantiating a plurality of data objects, each data object of the plurality of data objects comprising clinical trial information; displaying a graphical user interface on one or more display screens, the graphical user interface providing a graphical representation of at least a portion of a clinical trial and comprising a plurality of graphical nodes; receiving a selection of the second graphical node; receiving, via an editor associated with the second graphical node, a modification of the second data object; propagating an indication of the modification to the first data object, the propagation modifying a clinical trial data item of the first data object; and displaying, within the first graphical node, the modified clinical trial data item of the first data object.

Abstract: A prosthetic abdomen for peritoneal dialysis training is provided. The prosthetic abdomen has an inner layer of material, an outer layer of material, and a pouch formed between the inner layer of material and the outer layer of material. The outer layer of material has an inner surface partially defining the pouch, and an outer surface having a skin tone color. The positioning of the belt and skin tone color can be selected to mimic the actual peritoneum of a patient. The pouch is expandable. A method of training a patient to carry out a peritoneal dialysis self-treatment, using the prosthetic abdomen, is also provided.

Abstract: In certain aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving a 3D imaging. The method includes generating 3D models based on the 3D imaging. The method includes generating, responsive to a pre-determined set of surgical steps, a finite number of 4D time deformation scenes for each pre-determined surgical step associated with the 3D models. The method includes displaying selectively interactive simulations based on the finite number of 4D time deformation scenes. Systems and machine-readable media are also provided.

Abstract: A wearable physiological monitoring device is configured to determine a wearer's sleep intention. In particular, the device evaluates activity that might be objectively associated with awaking from sleep in order to distinguish between a wearer's intention to end sleep and transitory stirring or other intermittent activity occurring in the context of a longer sleep interval. By evaluating sleep intention more accurately in this manner, the device can advantageously request sleep analysis from a remote server in those instances where a user intends to end a period of sleep (so that this data can be available to the user more quickly), while avoiding unnecessary or redundant server-side processing of sleep data in those instances where a user intends to continue sleeping.

Abstract: A technique for generating and presenting context-aware recommendations to assist a patient in managing a chronic health condition. A health management platform provides various services that are accessible to a patient via a graphical user interface (GUI). Input data are received from various services and processed to generate contextual data associated with the patient such as a health state of the patient. Using the contextual data, a recommendation to access a particular service is generated and presented to the patient via the GUI. For example, in response to determining a health state of a patient, a recommendation to access a service to improve the health state of the patient can be automatically presented via the GUI to encourage the patient to access the service.

Abstract: An injection device and an injection device trainer for training a user to use an injection device. Each one of the injection device and the injection device trainer can include: a body portion; an actuator positioned towards a proximal end of the body portion, the actuator moveable from a proximal position to a distal position; a shield positioned towards a distal end of the body portion, the shield moveable between: an initial position; an extended position that is more distal relative to the body portion than the initial position; and a connector that connects the actuator to the shield such that movement of the actuator from the distal position towards the proximal position pulls the shield from the extended position to the initial position.

Abstract: A current having a light emission period current value for emitting first illumination light or second illumination light is caused to flow through a V-LED in a first light emission period for emitting the first illumination light or a second light emission period for emitting the second illumination light. A current having a light non-emission period current value for applying a VF voltage is caused to flow through a pseudo load in a light non-emission period that is provided between the first light emission period and the second light emission period, or between the second light emission periods and in which the first illumination light and the second illumination light are not emitted.

Abstract: A cadaverous heart model and methods of making and using the cadaverous heart model are provided. The cadaverous heart model may remain within the chest cavity of the cadaver (in situ) or may be explanted (ex vivo). The efferent and afferent vessels of the heart are ligated and one or more of the heart chambers are cannulated to permit the infusion of fluid. Video cameras or other means for visualizing the flow of fluid and opening and closing of valves are applied internally or proximally externally. Pumps and inflatable bladders are used to effect the flow of fluid within the heart model.

Abstract: A client-customized cardiopulmonary resuscitation system, according to one embodiment, may comprise: a training device for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation; a terminal which can communicate with the training device and acquires information on a user's cardiopulmonary resuscitation operation performed in the training device; and a server which can communicate with the terminal and provides a manager page which enables a client to directly edit the configuration of a screen displayed on the terminal.

Abstract: To provide a rehabilitation assistance device, a rehabilitation assistance method, and a non-transient storage medium storing a rehabilitation assistance program that support continuous rehabilitation by enabling the generation of a rehabilitation plan that can increase the motivation to continue rehabilitation. When a patient selects one set from an activity event information DB that stores a plurality of sets that associate information of a predetermined activity event with information of an exercise amount for each of a plurality of body parts when the activity event is performed, the patient can check on the screen displayed on the display unit to what extent the exercise amount contained in one's rehabilitation plan information is achieved by the activity event of the selected set.

Abstract: A simulated abdominal wall model that is ideal for practicing laparoscopic first entry surgical techniques is provided. The model includes a simulated abdominal wall portion captured between two frame elements of a support. The support is connectable to a surgical trainer. When connected to the trainer, the model provides a penetrable abdominal tissue portion for accessing an internal cavity of the trainer. The simulated abdominal wall includes a plurality of layers including a skin layer, a fabric posterior rectus sheath layer, a simulated fat layer of low-resilience polyurethane foam and at least two layers that provide distinctive haptic feedback upon penetration of the simulated transversalis fascia and muscle layers. The simulated abdominal wall includes a simulated umbilicus across several layers of simulated tissue.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that allow a patient to self-treat a medical condition, such as migraine headache and trigeminal neuralgia and the like, by noninvasive electrical stimulation of nerves of the head, particularly supraorbital, supratrochlear, infraorbital, and mental nerves in the vicinity of their foramen or notch. The system comprises a stimulator having one or more electrodes that apply electrical impulses transcutaneously through the patient's skin to the targeted nerve. The stimulator may be coupled to a handheld mobile device, such as a smartphone, for receiving a treatment regimen to treat the medical condition. The system is designed to address problems that arise particularly during self-treatment, when a medical professional is not present.

Abstract: This invention relates to a computer-implemented simulation system comprising a needle device having a retractable needle shaft comprising a resistance mechanism which can be activated to vary the resistance of the needle shaft. A processing module is configured to: receive ultrasound image data representative of a subject being scanned, receive position and orientation data representative of an ultrasound probe and a needle device, calculate a projected path for the needle device and generate a simulation needle from the projected path. When the simulation needle is determined to intersect with an identified tissue type, it modulates a signal and sends the modulated signal to the resistance mechanism, thereby to cause a change in the resistive force acting on the retractable needle shaft. The invention also relates to a computer-implemented method for simulating ultrasound guided needling using this system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a suturing training device and a method of using the device. The device comprises a base having a first side and a second side, the base defining a plane. The device also comprises a first anchor and a second anchor positioned on the first side of the base. The first and second anchors are each connectable to a segment of tissue so that the tissue is suspended therebetween in use of the device. An actuator is associated with one or both of the first anchor and the second anchor. The actuator is actuatable to cause relative movement of the first and second anchors along the plane. A force gauge is configured to measure a force applied to the tissue when the first and second anchors are moved relative one another by the actuator.

Abstract: A CPR training system comprises a plurality of CPR training manikins and at least one receiver unit, where each manikin comprises at least one sensor and a microcontroller connected to each sensor. The microcontroller is connected to a Bluetooth transmitter which is adapted to transmit the data from the sensors within a BLE advertising package to the at least one receiver unit. For the CPR training system there may also be provided a multi CPR monitoring device which comprises the receiver unit, a user interface, and a processor, where the receiver unit is adapted to receive CPR data from the transmitters as BLE advertising packages, the processor analyzes the received data, and the user interface shows the result of the analysis in a grid, where each grid cell represents the data from a respective transmitter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and a method for simulating human surgical anatomy for the purposes of beginner anatomical teaching and advanced surgical teaching, and more specifically concerns a device which reproduces a part of the human head or of other human anatomical parts, reproducing the associated anatomy, movement in space, and surgical approach methods thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to systems, methods, and user interfaces that generates and renders virtual environments for display using a VR system (e.g., on a display of a VR headset). Virtual reality is leveraged to create immersive experiences that enables users to experience clinical processes, train staff through new protocols, and gain empathy through a variety of complex scenarios. Initially, contextual information is initially received for an event. Based on the contextual information of the event, data collections is triggered from a clinical system and an environment system for data occurring before and after the event. Utilizing the collected data, a three dimensional modeling of a timeline of event, characters associated with the event, and dialogue corresponding to the event can be recreated. After contributing factors are identified and weighted for the event, a virtual simulation of the event can be created.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus and method for medical examination of human body using haptics is provided. The electronic apparatus controls a first head-mounted display to render a 3D model of an anatomical portion of the body of a human subject. The rendered 3D model includes a region corresponding to defect portion in the anatomical portion. The electronic apparatus transmits a touch input to wearable sensor in contact with the anatomical portion. Such an input corresponds to a human touch on the region of the rendered 3D model. The electronic apparatus receives, based on the touch input, bio-signals associated with the defect portion via the wearable sensor. The bio-signals include physiological signals and somatic sensation information associated with the defect portion. As a response to the human touch, the electronic apparatus controls a wearable haptic device to generate a haptic feedback based on the received set of bio-signals.

Abstract: A training system to teach use of an ultrasound probe, the training system having a chamber defining an orifice, a shaft insertable into the orifice of the chamber, a marker positioned on the shaft at a distal end, a camera positioned to view the marker when inserted inside the chamber, and a processor operatively connected to the camera for processing a position and an orientation of the shaft based on the marker. The system provides a method for visualizing movement of the shaft from inside the chamber.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a syringe support for supporting an axial position of a syringe relative to a housing of an autoinjector. The syringe support comprises a projecting portion, which projects from the syringe support in a distal direction and a flexible portion which axially adjoins the projecting portion. The flexible portion is adapted to axially bias the syringe in the distal direction within the housing. The disclosure further relates to an autoinjector.

Abstract: A synthetic skin patch for a medical needle insertion training device. The training device has a training region, at least one synthetic vein in the training region, and a plurality of fastening structures positioned about the training region. The skin patch comprises an elastic, substantially flat central body, and a plurality of connectors positioned about the perimeter of the central body. The connectors positionally match and mate with the fastening structures on the training device to secure the skin patch to the training device over the training region.

Abstract: An organ model comprises a polymer body formed from one or more selectively deposited substructures of a printable polymer-based ink composition, wherein the one or more selectively deposited substructures form a printed geometrical structure that corresponds to at least a portion of an anatomical structure of an organ, wherein a formulation of the printable polymer-based ink is selected such that the printed geometrical body has one or more material properties that match or substantially match one or more corresponding tissue material properties of an organ tissue, and an electronic device integrated onto a surface or into a structure of the printed geometrical structure.

Abstract: A training system uses a physical model of a head and neck with a first tracker, a second tracker on a physical laryngoscope model, a third tracker on a physical endotracheal tube model, and a fourth tracker on a VR goggle; the system uses the trackers to determine positions of the physical models. A simulation system has corresponding digital 3D models of a laryngoscope, an endotracheal tube, and an airway, the airway including 3D models of surfaces of tongue, epiglottis, larynx, pharynx, and trachea. The physical model locations are registered to the digital models. In embodiments, the physical laryngoscope model has sensors measure strain or pressure along its blade and the simulation system has instructions to distort the digital 3D model of the airway according to readings of the sensors. The system can render the digital 3D model viewed from the VR goggle or a camera of the laryngoscope.

Abstract: A needle-free injector conditionally detects a training cartridge based on the detected response to linear actuation of a plunger and enters a training mode instead of an injection mode.

Abstract: With a diagnostic imaging support apparatus, a diagnostic imaging support method, and a diagnostic imaging support program, an optimum image for extracting a contour can be automatically selected from a superimposed image obtained by superimposing a plurality of images of different types. A diagnostic imaging support apparatus 1 includes: an accepting unit 22 that accepts a specification of the position of a predetermined defined region R on a superimposed image G obtained by superimposing a plurality of images of different types including a target image G0 that is a target on which a contour is created; a selection unit 23 that selects an image for extracting a contour on the basis of image information about regions R0, R1, and R2, in the plurality of images of different types, each corresponding to the accepted defined region R; and a contour extraction unit 24 that extracts the contour from the selected image.

Abstract: A prosthetic abdomen for peritoneal dialysis training is provided. The prosthetic abdomen is in the form of a belt having an inner layer of material, an outer layer of material, and a pouch formed between the inner layer of material and the outer layer of material. A belt fastener is provided at one or both ends of the belt. The outer layer of material has an inner surface partially defining the pouch, and an outer surface having a skin tone color. The positioning of the belt and skin tone color can be selected to mimic the actual peritoneum of a patient. The pouch is expandable to hold a bag of liquid having a volume of at least 1000 milliliters (ml). A method of training a patient to carry out a peritoneal dialysis self-treatment, using the prosthetic abdomen, is also provided.

Abstract: In an embodiment provided herein, an injection simulation device including a housing having a proximal end and a distal end is provided. The injection simulation device embodiment comprises a plunger having a proximal end, a distal end and being slidable relative to the housing, and a retractable injection simulation member at the distal end of the housing, at least one biasing member associated with the retractable injection simulation member and associated with the plunger, wherein a first force on a distal end of the injection simulation member causes movement of the injection simulation member from an extended position to a retracted position, to compress the first biasing member, and simulate the tactility of an injection to a user; and wherein a second force on the proximal end of the plunger asserts a third force on the first biasing member to facilitate resetting the injection simulation member to the extended position.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems, devices, and methods for use in medical simulation and training, providing realistic-looking medical effects. More particularly, the present disclosure pertains to systems, devices, and methods for simulating an open surgery environment, including dynamic features and aspects commonly found in trauma, emergency, and combat events. Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a wearable device for simulating wounds and injuries received during a trauma event, and performing associated surgical tasks. Aspects of the present disclosure further relate to a medical training device for Trauma Emergency Casualty Care and Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC), including hemorrhage control. Aspects of the present disclosure further relate to an open surgery simulator, which may stand alone or work in combination (e.g., wear) various wound and injury simulators. Aspects of the present disclosure further relate to a simulated torso for an open surgery simulator.