Abstract: A driving game machine provided with a road data memory for storing coordinate data of a road set in a game space, a player's car controller for controlling the running of a player's car on the road according to a player's operation, and a display processor for displaying an image within a field of view set in advance. The road has a start point and a goal point, a running course from the start point to the goal point has a plurality of branched roads in its intermediate positions. The player's car controller causes the player's car to run in a direction selected at each branching point in accordance with a player's operation. This makes it possible for a player to freely choose the course while competing with his rivals.

Abstract: A video game race car simulator assembly for simulating the sitting in the driver seat of a racing car when playing video game racing car simulations. The assembly includes a base frame with a seat mounted thereto. A spaced apart pair of elongate arm members are pivotally coupled to the front end member of the base frame and upwardly extend from the base frame. A crossbar connects the upper ends of the arm members and a steering wheel input device is mounted to the crossbar. Each of the side members of the base frame has a telescopically extendable elongate support brace upwardly extending therefrom. Each of the arm members has a tubular collar disposed therearound. Each of the collars is coupled to the top end of an adjacent support brace. A stick shift input device is pivotally coupled to one of the side members. A pair of foot pedal input devices are mounted to the front end member of the base frame.

Abstract: A new interactive simulator ride for providing an entertaining interactive visual, audio, and motion simulation. The inventive device includes a guidance track comprised of a plurality of laterally spaced guidance rails, a simulator vehicle housing having an interior and having lateral side walls having a plurality of support wheels mounted thereon for supporting the simulator vehicle housing on the spaced guidance rails. A seat for seating by a person is provided within the interior of the simulator vehicle housing. A viewing screen is provided within the simulator vehicle housing interior for providing a computer generated visual image for viewing by a person located in the simulator housing. The invention also includes a projection means for projecting a computer generated visual image on the viewing screen, a means for providing computer generated visual images to the projection means, and a user input device.

Abstract: A video display system for a mobile simulator, comprising a shock-isolated projector assembly for projecting video images, a shock-isolated first mirror assembly disposed in combination with the projector assembly, a shock-isolated second mirror assembly disposed in combination with the first mirror assembly, and a shock-isolated screen assembly disposed in combination with the second mirror assembly, wherein the projector assembly, the first mirror assembly, the second mirror assembly, and the screen assembly are configured, in combination, such that the video images projected by the projector assembly are directed to the first mirror assembly, are reflected from the first mirror assembly to the second mirror assembly, and are subsequently reflected from the second mirror assembly onto the screen assembly.

Abstract: A rotary sliding device which can perform agile motion, without the need to make the driving means large, and a simulator using the same, are disclosed. The rotary sliding device includes first and second sliding plates 32 which slide in parallel and separately with a predetermined interval, a pair of stepping motors 20 for separately sliding said sliding plates 32, and a moving plate 12 and a seat 32. The first sliding plate 32 is connected to the moving plate 12 so as to allow it to rotate only around the rotation axis 38, and the second sliding plate 32 is connected to the moving plate 12 so as to engage therewith in a sliding direction, and to allow the moving plate 12 to move in the crossover direction to the sliding direction and to rotate by means of a roller 64.

Abstract: This invention relates to a simulative driving game machine. A slide cylinder is driven in accordance with an acceleration of an accelerator or a deceleration of a brake to slide a connector provided at a lower rear position of a forward/backward moving unit along a guide rail and move a roller provided at a lower forward position thereof along a guide track. The guide rail is provided at a rear position of the game machine with a downward slope with respect to a forward direction of the game machine, and the guide track is provided at a forward position of the game machine with an upward slope with respect to the forward direction. When a driver attempts to start the game machine abruptly, the driver is subject to a force acting in backward direction of the game machine. At this time, a forward portion of a machine main body raises up, and a rear portion thereof lowers obliquely downward. When the driver steps on the brake, the driver is subject to a force acting in the forward direction.

Abstract: A simulator includes a base plate, a platform, a plurality of actuators, each of the actuators having a hydraulic cylinder, a sensor, a servo valve and a pair of universal joints, and a weight supporting actuator including a pressure sensor and designed to support a specific weight of the platform and the substance thereon. The sensors and the pressure sensor sense the variation of length and weight imposed on each of the hydraulic cylinders, respectively. The servo valve selectively passes a high pressure fluid to an upper and a lower portions of the cylinder and the pair of universal joints have a three degrees of freedom to allow the platform to have six degrees of freedom. A controller controls the servo valve of both actuators to vary the length of each of the hydraulic cylinders thereof, thereby lessening the load imposed on the actuators.

Abstract: A simulator system for providing a realistic simulation of a racecar. The simulator systems provides a driver with substantially the same visual and auditory stimuli as would a real racecar. The physical forces experienced by the driver include steering wheel movement, chassis movement and large changes in vertical, horizontal and lateral G forces as the racecar corners around turns on sloped racetrack embankments. Since the simulator accurately simulated the forces experienced when driving a real racecar, the present invention simulator can be used to physically train drivers as well as mentally train drivers. Prior to a simulation, a driver selects a type of racecar. Every adjustable feature of the racecar selected that is capable of effecting the driving performance of the racecar is given a default value that the driver may change. As a result, the performance of the simulated racecar can be selectively adjusted to match that of a real racecar for which the driver is accustomed.

Abstract: An interactive, vehicle simulator system receives input signals indicative of actions of a user who is located in a driver module. The simulator system also displays images and moves the driver module in accordance with the input signals. The simulator system comprises an input device for generating the input signals, an image generator, an image presentation apparatus, a motion base, a motion base controller and a game controller.The image generator receives signals indicative of a first set of processed, pre-recorded digital images, and generates signals indicative of a second set of digital images. The second set of digital images is indicative of a select number of the first set of processed, pre-recorded digital images as seen from a desired viewpoint which has a desired velocity. The image presentation apparatus receives the signals indicative of the second set of digital images and generates in dependence thereupon the second set of digital images, which it presents to the user.

Abstract: A mechanically actuated motion platform which provides a realistic simulation of the side to side motion experienced while operating a vehicle which is normally steered at its front end. The motion platform is comprised of a base frame coupled through a pivot to a second frame which carries a steering assembly and a operator seat. The steering assembly is coupled though a means for conveying rotational energy to an axle shaft which uses a traction wheel fixedly connected to the axle shaft to effect substantially horizontal movement of the second frame when rotational force is applied to the steering shaft. Also provided is a tiltable operator seat which acts in concert with a spring loaded throttle pedal to impart sensations of acceleration and deceleration to the user.

Abstract: A computer simulator for vehicles such as racing cars in which there is a steering mechanism which has an elastomeric flexible coupling (10) between the steering wheel (1) and the computer control mechanism which controls the action of the simulated vehicle on a video display unit so that the steering wheel has the feel of the actual vehicle, preferably there are gear change levers (16) forming part of the steering wheel (1) and foot pedals (22) and sound simulators which are interactive with the computer to enhance the simulation.

Abstract: A reactive ride simulator includes package of sensors along with a telemetry radio transmitter and/or a recorder. This package is carried at a movable remote site, such as aboard an actual vehicle. A radio receiver, or a player for the recorded data from the remote site, is interfaced with a decoder providing a electronic signals which include a replication of the sights, sounds, and motions experienced at the remote site. A motion base is used to provide the accelerations necessary to replicate the G-forces experienced at the remote site, while a cabin on this motion base is associated with audio/visual presentation devices so that a passenger on the reactive ride simulator also receives the audio/visual sensations of being present at the remote site. As a result, the passenger on the reactive ride simulator receives a sensory experience of being at the remote site, or of riding on the actual vehicle, while actually moving only slightly on the motion base.

Abstract: An intermodal transportation simulation system comprising a ground transportation simulation node, a rail transportation simulation node, a maritime transportation simulation node and an air transportation simulation node. Each of these simulation nodes are interactive, interconnected and designed to provide a manned multi-sensory, e.g. visual, auditory, olfactory and tactile simulation.

Abstract: A video game control unit includes separable console and base sections, with the console section housing a steering wheel video game input device that automatically returns to a central, neutral position. The base section of the video game control unit includes a baseplate, a pedestal and a tray, with the pedestal affixed on the baseplate and the tray resting on and affixed to the pedestal. The tray is flat and bounded by four walls which hold the removable console section in place on the tray. The steering wheel video game input device automatically returns to its central position by means of a restorative force applied by ball bearings received in the ends of coil springs and urged against a V-shaped centering cam which is locked onto a steering shaft connected to the steering wheel. Provisions are included for providing left-turn and right-turn signals to a computer interface circuit included in the console housing.

Abstract: Apparatus for simulating the motion of a vehicle includes a base frame, a subframe which is movable in relation to the base frame, the movements of the subframe simulating the real life movements of the vehicle, and first, second, third and fourth linkage members each connected through a universal joint both to the base frame as well as to the subframe. The first and second linkage members are positioned in a first imaginary plane and the third and fourth linkage members are positioned in a second imaginary plane, the first and second imaginary plane intersecting each other at a first intersection line. The first and third linkage members are positioned in a third imaginary plane and the second and fourth linkage members are positioned in a fourth imaginary plane, the second and fourth imaginary plane intersecting each other at a second intersection line. The first and second intersection lines cross each other at right angles.

Abstract: A high frequency injection system overlays a textured signal onto a digital control signal for controlling a motion base. The system includes a digital motion controller and HFIS generator linked to a mixer. A mixed signal from the mixer is amplified and provided to a valve for controlling an actuator for moving a motion base.

Abstract: A realistic motion ride simulator comprising three stacked tiers pivotally supported by three legs. Each tier can be activated independent of each other while the entire apparatus is moved up and down, tilted laterally, pitched upwardly and downwardly and combinations thereof to simulate the various dynamic forces experienced by riders of a moving vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle simulator including a system for development of vehicle simulation scenarios. The vehicle simulation system includes simulated vehicle controls providing input signals to a computer, and feedback devices, including a video display, providing a user with feedback on the operation and location of the simulated vehicle as it is driven through a simulated universe. One aspect of the invention is a scenario development system which uses the vehicle controls, the computer and the output devices to enable a scenario developer to develop a simulation scenario which includes other programmed vehicles. The scenario developer can determine when and where the other programmed vehicles become active in a simulated universe in which the scenario takes place, as well as determine when and where the programmed vehicles leave the simulated universe.

Abstract: A driver training system for a user of a simulated vehicle. The system includes input devices for controlling the simulated vehicle, a video display having three dimensional graphics, a computer, modeling software for determining position information based on the input devices, atmospheric effects software to simulate time-of-day and weather conditions, and realistic operating feedback software for simulating on the input devices the feedback normally experienced with operating the vehicle. One aspect of the preferred embodiment is a system including a low frequency speaker mounted on an enclosure adjacent to the simulation user's seat through which road feel cues such as hitting an object are transmitted to the user in response to signals received from the computer. Another aspect of the invention is the a system for simulating the feel to the user of anti-lock brakes on a brake pedal in response to signals received the computer.

Abstract: A vehicle vibration simulator to simulate occupant exposure to vibration in a motor vehicle includes a reaction mass, a seat portion, a seat actuator between the reaction mass and the seat portion for providing at least one degree of vibration freedom, a steering column portion, a steering column actuator between the reaction mass and the steering column portion for providing at least one degree of vibration freedom, a floorpan portion, a floorpan actuator between the reaction mass and the floorpan portion for providing one degree of vibration freedom, the seat actuator, steering column actuator and floorpan actuator being actuated independently and/or simultaneously to simulate occupant exposure to vehicle vibration.

Abstract: A driver training system for a user of a simulated vehicle. The system includes input devices for controlling the simulated vehicle, a video display having three dimensional graphics, a computer, modeling software for determining position information based on the input devices, atmospheric effects software to simulate time-of-day and weather conditions, and realistic operating feedback software for simulating on the input devices the feedback normally experienced with operating the vehicle. One aspect of the preferred embodiment is a system including a low frequency speaker mounted on an enclosure adjacent to the simulation user's seat through which road feel cues such as hitting an object are transmitted to the user in response to signals received from the computer. Another aspect of the invention is the a system for simulating the feel to the user of anti-lock brakes on a brake pedal in response to signals received the computer.

Abstract: In the simulated steering apparatus, when a steering wheel is turned right or left from its neutral state, a steering reaction force in a direction opposite to the steering direction is transmitted to an operator. A steering shaft that passes through a case and a panel plate is supported rotatably via housings in which are mounted ball bearings. A steering wheel is attached to the front end of the steering shaft, and a powder clutch and an electric motor are located on either side of the steering shaft. An endless output belt is mounted around a coupled pulley that is fitted over the steering shaft, and a drive pulley for the powder clutch, while an endless input belt is mounted around a coupled pulley for the powder clutch and a drive pulley for the electric motor.

Abstract: A simulator system for use in providing an event simulation to an occupant includes a motion base moveable only along three mutually orthogonal displacement axes by means of displaceable actuators. An audio-visual display mechanism is included for providing a sequence of audio and visual images to the occupant. A motion base controller generates actuator drive signals. A system controller provides the command signals to the motion base controller in synchronization with the presentation of the audio-visual images. The projected visual images including "foreground" and "background" portions. The system controller generates the motion base command signals such that the displacement of the motion base is synchronized to the onset of movement of the foreground image and the foreground image is constrained to move, relative to the occupant, only along the same three orthogonal axes as the motion base.

Abstract: A method and system, is disclosed for using a computer system to simulate a vehicle including a plurality of vehicle duty positions having corresponding display panels. The vehicle duty positions are linked together to form at least one simulated vehicle. The method and system for assigning vehicle duty positions to simulated vehicles incorporates contention resolution techniques which ensure exclusive assignments. Vehicle duty positions assigned to a common simulated vehicle may communicate with one another using the corresponding display panels.

Abstract: A simulator system for use in providing an event simulation to an occupant includes a motion base moveable only along three mutually orthogonal displacement axes by means of displaceable actuators. An audio-visual display mechanism is included for providing a sequence of audio and visual images to the occupant. A motion base controller generates actuator drive signals. A system controller provides the command signals to the motion base controller in synchronization with the presentation of the audio-visual images. The projected visual images including "foreground" and "background" portions. The system controller generates the motion base command signals such that the displacement of the motion base is synchronized to the onset of movement of the foreground image and the foreground image is constrained to move, relative to the occupant, only along the same three orthogonal axes as the motion base.

Abstract: A vehicle simulator containing a system for development of vehicle simulation scenarios. The vehicle simulation system includes simulated vehicle controls providing input signals to a computer, and feedback devices, including a video display, providing a user feedback on the operation and location of the simulated vehicle as it is driven through a simulated universe. One aspect of the invention is a scenario development system which uses the vehicle controls, the computer and the output devices to enable a scenario developer develop a simulation scenario which includes other programmed vehicles. The scenario developer can determine when and where the other programmed vehicles become active in a simulated universe in which the scenario takes place, as well as determine when and where the programmed vehicles leave the simulated universe.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting the degree of the operation of the accelerator in an automobile is provided and the display apparatus for expanding shrinking the display detection of the sensor is provided in the automobile so that the display apparatus can be observed from the outside. Apparatus for detecting the number of rotation of engine and the depressing degree of the brake pedal also provided. The number of the engine and the depressing degree of the brake pedal as well as operation degree of the accelerator pedal is displayed inside the car and outside the car by using the light emitting display apparatus. Apparatus for detecting the running speed of vehicle and the apparatus for detecting the acceleration and the deceleration of the vehicle are provided a plurality of different meaningful of character strings are displayed outside the vehicle in accordance with the detection status of the detecting apparatus to that the running status of the automobile is displayed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling model vehicles in a manner which accurately simulates the operation of real vehicles. Parameters relating to operational characteristics of a vehicle, environmental conditions, loading conditions, operator control settings, and physical characteristics of a controllable model are processed by a computer to determine appropriate control functions to a model allowing it to accurately replicate the operation of a real vehicle operating under the same set of conditions.

Abstract: A method and system is disclosed for using a computer system to simulate a vehicle including a plurality of vehicle duty positions having corresponding display panels. The vehicle duty positions are linked together to form at least one simulated vehicle. The method and system for assigning vehicle duty positions to simulated vehicles incorporates contention resolution techniques which ensure exclusive assignments. Vehicle duty positions assigned to a common simulated vehicle may communicate with one another using the corresponding display panels.

Abstract: Structure for varying the turning resistance of a wheel (30) via computer commands is disclosed. The structure includes springs (42) coupled to the wheel via a leverage arm (46). Commands to motors (50) move the arm attachment location of the springs.

Abstract: A new realistic, inexpensive, adaptable, and portable driver education method that mimics the effects of intoxication in the participants through utilization of a simplified optics device in the form of specialized eyeglasses having binocular, manually-spinnable fresnel prism lenses is provided. The spinnable optics device simulates most of the toxic effects on the central nervous system which are induced by excess alcohol and/or drugs of abuse, resulting in distorted vision and spatial disorientation in the wearer. The driver education method involves the participants wearing the specialized eyeglasses while performing various ambulatory end non-ambulatory tasks.

Abstract: A method of programming a vehicle simulator to provide an operator of the simulator with exertional and vibrational responses substantially the same as the driver of an actual vehicle would experience when driving the vehicle has been provided. The simulator comprises a frame supporting a vehicle seat from which the operator operates a gear shift, an accelerator pedal, brake pedal, clutch pedal and steering wheel. Inflatable pods are provided under each corner of the simulator to simulate road conditions and turning of the vehicle by selectively deflating them. Each of these controls selectively provides one or more signals to a programmed logic controller (PLC) which provides suitable signals to devices for controlling movement of the simulator to closely simulate movement of a vehicle under similar circumstances. The simulator can be used to determine the tolerance level of a person to the exertional and vibrational levels of a simulated vehicle over a given time period.

Abstract: A device for causing the steering wheel of a video-based vehicle simulator to selectively vibrate during predetermined periods of the video sequence includes a frame which is rigidly attached to the steering wheel. A cylindrical electrical motor is mounted on the frame, and a first shaft is attached to one base of the motor and extends outwardly from the motor. Also, a second shaft is attached to and extends outwardly from the other base of the motor, and the second shaft is coaxial with the first shaft. The two shafts can be rotated by the rotor of the motor. Each shaft has a weight attached to the shaft. These weights are attached to their respective shafts radially asymmetrically with respect to the axis of the shafts. One weight is attached to its shaft on one side of the axis of the shafts, and the other weight is attached to its shaft on the side of the axis which is opposite from the first weight.

Abstract: A simulator system for use in providing an event simulation to occupants includes a motion base moveable along displacement axes by means of displaceable actuators. Feedback sensors provide signals indicative of the measured displacement of a corresponding actuator. An audio-visual display mechanism is included for providing a sequence of audio and visual images to the occupants. A motion base controller receives the feedback sensor signals and generates actuator drive signals below a cutoff frequency in response to received command signals. A system controller provides the command signals to the motion base controller in synchronization with the presentation of the audio-visual images to the occupants. A mechanism is included for generating supplemental actuator drive signals that have frequencies above the cutoff frequency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for training in the driving of vehicles and especially land vehicles, in which a sequence of images is displayed on a screen placed opposite to a driving station for a trainee driver and is caused to move in accordance with control operations initiated from said driving station. There are thus displayed on the screen both a front main image and at least one rear vision secondary image which is made visible on an associated rear-view mirror provided at the driving station. The main image and the secondary image are synthetic images generated by a computer from a data base containing the description of a three-dimensional road circuit.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive control device for a simulated vehicle in a video game or simulator. In the preferred embodiment a brake pedal control device is implemented having a strain gauge which senses the strain in the material of the brake pedal. This strain is amplified by a differential amplifier having a self-adjusting input circuit with a long time constant which causes any variations in the input voltage not due to changing strain on the brake pedal to be applied to both inputs of a differential amplifier in common mode, thereby cancelling the effect thereof. Only voltage differences resulting from variations in the strain on the brake pedal are amplified by the differential amplifier and output for use by the video game or simulator.

Abstract: A steering apparatus for a game machine according to the invention has a mechanism in which a steering wheel is rotated in accordance with the steering operation of the player and is automatically returned to the center. An end cam which always receives the elastic force of a compression coil spring sets the steering wheel to the neutral position, namely, the center by way of a guide roller. For instance, when the player operates the steering wheel to the right rotational direction, the guide roller rotates to the right together with the steering shaft. Thus, the end cam moves along the axial direction of the steering shaft in accordance with a rotational angle of the steering wheel. Then, when the steering wheel is released, the end cam receives the elastic force of the compression coil spring and allows the steering wheel to be returned to the center by way of the guide roller without performing the reversing operation of the steering wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for simulating the forces acting on the steering wheel or other control device of a vehicle. The apparatus uses an electrical motor coupled to a steering wheel in the preferred embodiment. The electrical motor is driven by a computer running software which received data regarding the real world forces which would be acting upon a real steering wheel in a car under similar conditions. A software driver coupled to a position-sensing transducer on the steering wheel calculates the steering wheel position and velocity and sends this data to a model process not forming part of the invention. The model process then calculates the conditions affecting the simulated vehicle and outputs data reflecting the real world forces which would affect the steering wheel of the actual car under similar conditions.

Abstract: A motion simulator for vehicle driver training, which includes at least three actuators placed at the vertices of a triangle, connected to at least three connecting points, arranged in a triangle, for the fastening of a platform of a cabin by lever arms, one end of each of these arms being connected to a corresponding actuator by a joint with two degrees of freedom, the other end of one of the lever arms being connected to a point for fastening the platform by the joint with two degrees of freedom, and the other end of the other lever arms being connected, at all times, to one of the other platform fastening points by a joint with at least four degrees of freedom.

Abstract: A trainee station in a tractor-trailer training apparatus includes dummy controls simulating those of a tractor, and a display screen visible from the trainee station. At a remote diorama or terrain model a miniature tractor-trailer is moved atop the diorama in accordance with the operation of the trainee's dummy controls. A plurality of video cameras mounted within the cab of the miniature tractor provide video signals which are displayed on the mentioned screen. The fields-of-view of two of the video cameras embrace miniature rearview mirrors on the miniature tractor, providing realistic views of portions of the trailer as trainee operation of the controls moves the minature tractor-trailer about the diorama.

Abstract: A driving simulator for a video game is disclosed. It includes an apparatus and method for moving the visual display of the dashboard relative to the visual display of the outside scene by horizontal scrolling when the car is being turned. A model processor calculates an acceleration vector acting on the drivers head based upon conditions affecting the vehicle such as acceleration during turns. This acceleration vector is scaled and converted to an integer from floating point. The integer value is then digitally low pass filtered to eliminate the graininess of the discrete nature of the process. Finally two routines are called which use the integer data to calculate where the dash, mirror and cab sidepost are to be displayed in the scene of the simulated environment displayed to the driver. Another routine is then called to load the appropriate data into the hardware which performs the scrolling.

Abstract: An exercise device includes a shoe having a wooden sole resting upon a wooden base plate. A backsaw handle is attached to the shoe. Therefore, stroking the handle causes the shoe to reciprocate upon the base plate providing a satisfying sound of the wooden shoe rubbing on the wooden base plate. A heel notch on the top of the shoe provides means for stroking the shoe with the foot. The weight of the shoe may be increased by placing weight straps in a tray upon the shoe. In a second embodiment the shoe includes a backsaw and miter box. The base plate forms the bottom of a box which encloses the shoe.

Abstract: To accommodate computer graphics delays, the future position and orientation of a simulated vehicle are predicted in an operating sequence by separate coordinated models that are fed data signals indicating the operator's control actions. The control actions are extrapolated to provide further data signals. A suspension model and a nonlinear chassis model operate sequentially with a road model to provide one reference-state input to a prediction model. Other inputs to the prediction model are from the drive train and steering extrapolation units controlled by driver inputs.

Abstract: In a computer image generation system, the choice of a path for a vehicle model over a landscape is not restricted. Objects and features in an image to be displayed are defined by polygons. Plumb vectors, having a predetermined relationship with the vehicle model, are used to obtain samples of the terrain at the intersection between the vectors and polygons defining the ground in the vicinity of the vehicle model. The vectors may sample in advance of the vehicle model in the direction of motion or under the vehicle model. The polygons may be encoded with characteristics of the terrain they define so that appropriate noise cues can be generated from information extracted at the intersection of the plumb vectors and polygons. Predetermined ones of the sample points are interpolated for inferring the contour and slope of the terrain before interaction between the vehicle model and interpolated terrain is determined.

Abstract: A swivel stand for amusement games that includes a swiveling body which is turnable and mounted in bearings in a frame with a small air gap between two footboards and drivable by a gear motor and on which a car seat, a motorcycle seat, a bike seat or vehicle seat with control elements of a driving simulator belonging therewith can be mounted.

Abstract: A simulator device for demonstrating the advantages of wearing a vehicle safety harness comprises a track and a seat connected to and moveable along the track. A dummy object comprising an egg is used to simulate a person seated in a vehicle. A safety harness is mounted to the seat and, in a first mode of operation of the device, harnesses the dummy object in the seat. A means is provided for propelling the seat forwardly along the track while a stop means limits the forward movement of the seat along the track. An impact shield is mounted at one end of the track for impacting the egg thereagainst in a second mode of operation. In the first mode of operation, the egg is harnessed on the seat to simulate the restraining effect of a safety harness on a person harnessed in a seat during a vehicle crash. In the second mode of operation, the egg is left unharnessed in the seat to simulate the impact effect on an unharnessed person involved in a vehicle crash.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the rehabilitation of damaged limbs for use in the operation of a tool wherein accessories with handles corresponding to the handles of familiar tools are attached to a shaft in a manner such that the movements of the handle corresponding to the normal operation of the tool product rotation of a shaft. A preselected resistance is applied to the rotation of the shaft by electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, or mechanical means, and the resistance and the accessory attached can be varied in accordance with the capability of the damaged limb.

Abstract: The apparatus measures the braking of the vehicle and the turning action on the wheels, secondarily the speed and the acceleration or the running of the engine. It records these measurements graphically and simultaneously so that, if necessary, the driver may correct his mistakes. A warning is activated if the vehicle is braked and its wheels are turned at the same time. This warning is graphic, audible or visual. The apparatus is useful for driving instruction and tests.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the rehabilitation of damaged limbs for use in the operation of a tool wherein accessories with handles corresponding to the handles of familiar tools are attached to a shaft in a manner such that the movements of the handle corresponding to the normal operatin of the tool product rotation of a shaft. A preselected resistance is applied to the rotation of the shaft by electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, or mechanical means, and the resistance and the accessory attached can be varied in accordance with the capability of the damaged limb.

Abstract: One end of an upper frame carrying an occupant station of a simulated vehicle is mounted on a base frame to pivot about a vertical axis, and a dummy steering wheel at the occupant station is linked to pivot the upper frame. Combined rotary and translation bearings support the other end of the upper frame on a shaft carried on the base frame to accommodate the pivotal movement about the vertical axis and also to provide a small upward pitching of the upper frame during pivoting of the upper frame in either direction from a central position, so that gravity acts to restore the upper frame and the steering wheel to centered conditions.