Multi-enzyme System Patents (Class 435/175)
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Patent number: 7402381Abstract: Aspects of the invention can provide a method capable of easily realizing immobilization with the optimum density derived from a concentration control and without phase separation in coadsorption of a number of molecules. The immobilization method can include the step of dissolving a plurality of molecules to be immobilized to a solid phase substrate with a solvent to obtain a solution of the plurality of molecules, and the step of incubating the solution and the solid phase substrate in touch therewith. Each of the molecules can include a solid phase substrate joint portion having a jointing property to the solid phase substrate, a functional portion having a specific function, and a linker portion positioned between the solid phase substrate joint portion and the functional portion.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2004Date of Patent: July 22, 2008Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Takiguchi, Hitoshi Fukushima
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Patent number: 7364884Abstract: A process for preparing a hydroxylation catalyst by i) embedding a cystochrome P450 monooxygenase in a sol-gel matrix, ii) embedding an enzymatic NADPH-regenerating system in a sol-gel matrix, and combining the two components i) and ii) unless they were already mixed together before the embedding.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 2004Date of Patent: April 29, 2008Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernhard Hauer, Tilo Habicher, Rolf Schmid, Steffen Christian Maurer, Vlada Beniaminovna Urlacher, Holger Schulze, Norbert Huber, Till T. Bachmann
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Patent number: 7354752Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid-stable alpha amylase (asAA) derived from a strain of Aspergillus kawachi, which has granular starch hydrolyzing (GSH) activity, the heterologous expression of the asAA having GSH activity in filamentous fungal host cells and enzyme compositions including the same which optionally include glucoamylase.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 2005Date of Patent: April 8, 2008Assignee: Genencor International, Inc.Inventors: Nigel Dunn-Coleman, Susan M. Fiske, Suzanne E. Lantz, Paulien Neefe-Kruithof, Michael J. Pepsin, Jayarama K. Shetty
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Patent number: 7348169Abstract: A bioactive catalytic material is disclosed for providing protection from chemical exposure. The material is composed of enzymes immobilized within polyelectrolyte multilayers and a polymerizable end-capping layer to render stability to enzymes. Also disclosed is the related method for making a bioactive catalytic material and their deposition on substrates of varying size, shape and flexibility for providing active protection from chemical exposure.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2006Date of Patent: March 25, 2008Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Alok Singh, Yongwoo Lee, Evan Stanish, Eddie Chang, Walter J. Dressick
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Patent number: 7332319Abstract: The present invention relates to the co-expression and production of a heterologous alpha amylase and an endogenous glucoamylase in an Aspergillus strain and enzyme compositions including the same.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 2005Date of Patent: February 19, 2008Assignee: Genencor International, Inc.Inventors: Toby M. Baldwin, Kathleen A. Clarkson, Nigel Dunn-Coleman, Suzanne E. Lantz
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Patent number: 7323305Abstract: An apparatus and method for performing rapid DNA sequencing, such as genomic sequencing, is provided herein. The method includes the steps of preparing a sample DNA for genomic sequencing, amplifying the prepared DNA in a representative manner, and performing multiple sequencing reaction on the amplified DNA with only one primer hybridization step.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 2004Date of Patent: January 29, 2008Assignee: 454 Life Sciences CorporationInventors: John H. Leamon, Kenton L. Lohman, Jonathan M. Rothberg, Michael P. Weiner
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Patent number: 7208287Abstract: A method for quantitating a specific component in lipoproteins contained in a biological sample, for example, HDL (high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein) or VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) by using a commonly employed automatic analyzer without centrifuging or making the reaction liquor cloudy due to complexes or aggregates. Namely, a controlling means, whereby an enzyme reaction can be carried out exclusively for the target component, is introduced into a method for enzymatically assaying a component in a specific lipoprotein fraction in the serum, thereby specifically assaying the component.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2004Date of Patent: April 24, 2007Assignee: Sysmex CorporationInventors: Koji Kishi, Tsutomu Kakuyama, Koji Ochiai, Yuzo Hasegawa
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Patent number: 7198785Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the treatment of uremic toxins in vivo using uremic toxin-treating enzymes, and/or cells capable of producing uremic toxin-treating enzymes or otherwise reacting with uremic toxins. Non-limiting examples of cases where the treatment of uremic toxins is desired include renal disease or dysfunction, gout, subjects receiving chemotherapy, or the like. In one aspect, the treatment includes an oral delivery composition able to reduce the blood concentration of one or more non-protein nitrogen compounds in vivo. The composition, in some cases, may comprise one, two, or more uremic toxin-treating enzymes, such as urease, uricase or creatininase. The oral delivery composition may be able to deliver the uremic toxin-treating enzymes, substantially undigested, to the intestines, where the enzymes can interact with uremic toxins transported to the intestines from the bloodstream.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2003Date of Patent: April 3, 2007Assignee: Brown UniversityInventors: Jill A. O'Loughlin, Jan Markus Bruder, Michael J. Lysaght
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Patent number: 7172682Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus of immobilizing a biocatalyst on a microfluidic biochip for conducting reactions in the presence of electroosmotic flow. The biochip includes a polymer on its microfluidic flow surfaces, wherein the polymer includes a first substituent selected from ionic groups of the same polarity or precursors thereof, a second substituent that is a hydrophobic group, and a third substituent comprising an immobilized biocatalyst-or precursor thereof. The biochip can be used to conduct multiple sequential biocatalyzed reactions in the presence of electroosmotic flow.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 2003Date of Patent: February 6, 2007Assignee: Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteInventors: Jonathan S. Dordick, Moo-Yeal Lee, Aravind Srinivasan, Bosung Ku
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Patent number: 7112453Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 2002Date of Patent: September 26, 2006Assignee: Ciphergen Biosystems, Inc.Inventors: T. William Hutchens, Tai-Tung Yip
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Patent number: 7109007Abstract: A method for controlling and modifying biopolymer synthesis by manipulation of the genetics and enzymology of synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polyesters at the molecular level in procaryotic and eukaryotic cells, especially plants. Examples demonstrate the isolation, characterization, and expression of the genes involved in the production of PHB and PHA polymers. Genes encoding the enzymes in the PHB and PHA synthetic pathway (beta-ketothiolase, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase and PHB polymerase or PHA polymerase) from Zoogloea ramigera strain I-16-M, Alcaligenes eutrophus, Nocardia salmonicolur, and Psuedomonas olevarans were identified or isolated and expressed in a non-PHB producing organism, E. coli. Specific modifications to the polymers include variation in the chain length of the polymers and incorporation of different monomers into the polymers to produce co-polymers with different physical properties.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2005Date of Patent: September 19, 2006Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Oliver P. Peoples, Anthony J. Sinskey
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Patent number: 7105339Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2003Date of Patent: September 12, 2006Assignee: Ciphergen Biosystems, Inc.Inventors: T. William Hutchens, Tai-Tung Yip
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Patent number: 7018794Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for monitoring differential expression of a plurality of genes in a first Bacillus cell relative to expression of the same genes in one or more second Bacillus cells using microarrays containing Bacillus genomic sequenced tags. The present invention also relates to computer readable media and computer-based systems. The present invention further relates to substrates containing an array of Bacillus licheniformis or Bacillus clausii GSTs.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 2001Date of Patent: March 28, 2006Assignee: Novozymes, Inc.Inventors: Randy M. Berka, Ib Groth Clausen, Alexandre Bolotine, Alexei Sorokine, Alla Lapidus
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Patent number: 6979543Abstract: A sensor is provided including a polymer capable of having an alterable measurable property from the group of luminescence and electrical conductivity, the polymer having an intermediate combination of a recognition element, a tethering element and a property-altering element bound thereto and capable of altering the measurable property, the intermediate combination adapted for subsequent separation from the polymer upon exposure to an agent having an affinity for binding to the recognition element whereupon the separation of the intermediate combination from the polymer results in a detectable change in the alterable measurable property, and, detecting said detectable change in the alterable measurable property.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2003Date of Patent: December 27, 2005Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Liaohai Chen, Duncan W. McBranch, Hsing-Lin Wang, David G. Whitten
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Patent number: 6939681Abstract: The invention relates to a method of evaluating the immunological status of a subject comprising the steps of 1) determining the content of an antibody in a liquid sample from the subject using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the presence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 1, 2) determining the content of an antibody in the liquid sample using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the absence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 2, and 3) interrelating measurements 1 and 2 to express the interference and using the interference as a parameter for evaluating the immunological status of the subjeType: GrantFiled: February 28, 2002Date of Patent: September 6, 2005Assignee: Alk-Abello A/SInventors: Hans-Henrik Ipsen, Niels Johansen, Rikke Morkeberg, Soren Bogestrand, Tine Charlotte Beck
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Patent number: 6884597Abstract: A method for simply and conveniently detecting acetyltransferase and deacetylase activities of proteins by executing an acetylation reaction of a peptide substrate with an acetyltransferase, or a deacetylation reaction of an acetylated peptide substrate with a deacetylase, and after the completion of these reactions, detecting the acetyl group bound to the peptide substrate by using an anti-acetylated peptide antibody. This system for detecting acetyltransferase and deacetylase activities using the anti-acetylated peptide antibody enables screening inhibitors or enhancers of acetyltransferase and deacetylase. A system for screening deacetylase inhibitors or acetyltransferase enhancers using cultured cells is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 2000Date of Patent: April 26, 2005Assignee: Medical & Biological Laboratories, Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoichi Taya, Katsuyuki Tamai, Toshiaki Miyazaki
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Patent number: 6867002Abstract: A sample solution treating instrument is provided for facilitating rapid and simplified adjustment of the condition of a sample solution proper for analysis with a biosensor before supplying the solution to the biosensor. The sample solution treating instrument includes, for example, a catalyst or an adsorbent which can remove any interfering substance in order to adjust the sample solution for measurement with a biosensor.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 1999Date of Patent: March 15, 2005Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mariko Miyashita, Toshihiko Yoshioka, Shiro Nankai
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Patent number: 6861232Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for producing biosensors and a biosensor for determination of creatinine. The biosensor comprises at least two enzymes, for the amperometric determination of enzymatically degradable substances in biological liquids, the enzymes being immobilized on a working electrode.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 2001Date of Patent: March 1, 2005Assignee: Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc.Inventor: Berhard Peter Harald Schaffar
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Patent number: 6858403Abstract: Hydrogels containing catalase co-immobilized with an analyte-sensitive enzyme such as glucose oxidase are disclosed. The hydrogels may be pH-sensitive, and preferably are thin and lightly crosslinked. The catalase is present in concentrations ranging generally from 100 units/ml to about 1000 units/ml. These hydrogels have much faster swelling response times as compared to hydrogels without catalase, and are useful in biosensors and analyte-responsive drug delivery devices. The hydrogels also have an increased useful life, due to protection of the immobilize analyte-sensitive enzyme from degradation by hydrogen peroxide.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 2001Date of Patent: February 22, 2005Assignee: M-Biotech, Inc.Inventors: In Suk Han, Dal-Young Jung
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Patent number: 6825000Abstract: An immunoassay reagent is obtained whereby a microscale substance such as an antigen or antibody can be assayed at a high sensitivity, and whereby a need to separate a reacted substance, e.g., an immunoreacted substance, from an unreacted substance can be eliminated or such a separation can be simplified. An immunoassay reagent, for use in the quantitative determination of a target antigen or antibody present in a sample, containing an insoluble carrier which carries an enzyme and an antibody or antigen corresponding to the antigen or antibody, an enzyme inhibitor for inhibiting the activity of the enzyme and a substrate with which the enzyme reacts.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2000Date of Patent: November 30, 2004Assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masayuki Yokoi, Takayuki Akamine, Katsumi Yoshikawa
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Patent number: 6812000Abstract: This invention relates to a bioprocess engineering solution for a product removal process for use in a biofermentation. The invention discloses a process for withdrawing an aliquot of broth from a biofermentation vessel during at least a portion of the biofermentation, removing biocatalyst and water, chromatographically separating biofermentation products from the withdrawn broth using water as an eluent, and returning the remaining components of the broth back to the biofermentation vessel. Process chromatography permits highly selective separation of the target molecule, preventing feedback inhibition of the biofermentation.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 2002Date of Patent: November 2, 2004Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Antoinette E. Wilkins, David J. Lowe
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Patent number: 6780607Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of production of the completely post-translationally modified protein by combination of cell-free protein synthesis and cell-free co- and post-translational modification. Previous cell-free protein synthesis system has only been capable of producing partially post-translationally modified protein but the present invention employs a co- and post-translational modification machinery that produces completely post-translationally modified protein.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2001Date of Patent: August 24, 2004Assignee: DreamBiogen Co., Ltd.Inventors: Cha Yong Choi, Sang Hyeon Kang, Taek Jin Kang, Ji Hyoung Woo, Sang Kil Lee, Seung Woo Cho
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Patent number: 6759220Abstract: A method of increasing loading of active enzyme immobilized in a polyurethane polymer including the steps of: synthesizing the polyurethane polymer in a reaction mixture containing water and enzyme; and including a sufficient amount of a surfactant in the reaction mixture to increase enzyme activity at an enzyme loading.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1999Date of Patent: July 6, 2004Assignee: Agentase, LLCInventors: Keith E. LeJeune, Alan J. Russell
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Publication number: 20040005681Abstract: A material comprising a porous support and a plurality of enzymes for the removal, decontamination or neutralization of hazardous chemicals such as OP compounds is disclosed. The material may be used on a variety of surfaces, including natural, synthetic and biological surfaces such as skin and other delicate membranes. Also disclosed is a process of making the material, kits and various methods and reactivation devices for reactivating the enzymatic activity of the material.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 2, 2003Publication date: January 8, 2004Inventors: Richard K. Gordon, Bhupendra P. Doctor, Ashima Saxena, Shawn R. Feaster, Donald Maxwell, Michelle Ross, David Lenz, Keith LeJeune, Alan Russell
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Patent number: 6667066Abstract: The invention concerns a multi-enzyme product with glucoamylase, proteolytic and xylanase activities, characterized in that it consists of wheat bran fermented with an Aspergillus niger strain, said enzymatic glucoamylase, proteolytic and xylanase activities being present in the following minimum values: glucoamylase activity: at least 100 UG per gram of dry matter; proteolytic activity: at least 100 UP per gram of dry matter; xylanase activity: at least 100 UX per gram of dry matter, provided that at least one of the following conditions is satisfied: the gluycoamylase activity is at least 750 UG per gram of dry matter, or the xylanase is at least 300 UX per gram of dry matter. The invention is useful for producing ethanol or monogastric animal feed.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2001Date of Patent: December 23, 2003Assignee: Gie Agro IndustrieInventors: Pierre Jean Labeille, Jean-Luc Alain Guy Baret, Francis Lucien Duchiron
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Patent number: 6613582Abstract: The present application describes novel uses of ruthenium bipyridyls or palladium porphyrins as photo-activatable crosslinking agents. Crosslinking can be between any two molecules including peptides, proteins, or compounds. Crosslinking occurs in the presence of an electron donor such as ammonium persulfate, and requires only moderate intensity visible light. Crosslinking can be between peptides, polypeptides or lead candidate compounds to unknown target molecules. Reagents utilyzing ruthenium bipyridyls and palladium porphyrins crosslinkers for use in diagnostic and detection scenarios are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 2000Date of Patent: September 2, 2003Assignee: Board of Regents, The University of Texas SystemInventors: Thomas J. Kodadek, David A. Fancy, Stephen A. Johnston
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Patent number: 6602716Abstract: A method and device for fluorimetric determination of a biological, chemical or physical parameter of a sample utilize at least two different luminescent materials, the first of which is sensitive to the parameter, at least with respect to luminescence intensity, and the second of which is insensitive to the parameter, at least with respect to luminescence intensity and decay time. The luminescent materials have different decay times. The time- or phase behaviour of the resulting luminescence response is used to form a reference value for determination of a parameter.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2000Date of Patent: August 5, 2003Assignee: PreSens Precision Sensing GmbHInventor: Ingo Klimant
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Patent number: 6596516Abstract: A process for the preparation of L-amino acids, in which the following steps are carried out, a) fermenting the desired L-amino acid-producing bacteria in which at least the glyA gene is attenuated, in particular by removal of the natural promoter, and optionally b) concentrating the desired product in the medium or in the cells of the bacteria and c) isolating the L-amino acid, and optionally bacteria in which further genes of the biosynthesis pathway of the desired L-amino acid are additionally amplified are employed, or bacteria in which the metabolic pathways which reduce the formation of the desired L-amino acid are at least partly eliminated are employed, and nucleotide sequences of the lacI-tac-5′glyA or lacI-tac-glyA unit.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 2000Date of Patent: July 22, 2003Assignees: Degussa AG, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHInventors: Petra Ziegler, Lothar Eggeling, Hermann Sahm, Georg Thierbach, Walter Pfefferle
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Patent number: 6541230Abstract: A reusable sponge or foam made of a polymer such as polyurethane is prepared containing a plurality of different enzymes or a cross-linked complex of the plurality of enzymes for detoxification of a diverse array of hazardous chemicals such as organophosphorus and/or organosulfur compounds. The plurality of enzymes include enzymes selected from acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, triesterase, pseudocholinesterase, choline oxidase, peroxidase, organophosphate hydrolase, phosphotriesterase, paraoxonase and laccase. A preferred mixture of enzymes contains organophosphate hydrolase and acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase. The sponge or foam may additionally contain carbon, an enzyme reactivation compound and/or an indicator for measuring capacity for detoxification. The indicator can be fluorescent, chemiluminescent or visible chromogen or an electrode, and be encapsulated in a liposome or crushable packet.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 2000Date of Patent: April 1, 2003Assignee: The United States of America as Represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Richard K. Gordon, Bhupendra P. Doctor
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Patent number: 6534282Abstract: A method to assess hypertension by measuring the amount of free and conjugated hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) and metabolites of DHETs, which are metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) epoxygenases and epoxide hydrolases, in a biological sample which contains the DHETs (using any methods including GC/MS or ELISA) is disclosed. The method further included determining the amount of molecules containing a DHET-specific epitope immunoreactive with antibodies produced against DHETs present in the sample. This amount is compared with a control sample(s). Hypertension is determined through the comparison wherein the amount of increase of free and conjugated DHETs and metabolites of DHETs in the sample isolated from an organism. The present invention also provides a method to assess catalytic activity of AA epoxygenases using immunoassays by subtracting the amounts of NADPH-independent epoxyeicosatriencic acids (EETs) from total (NADPH-dependent+independent) EETs.Type: GrantFiled: September 4, 2001Date of Patent: March 18, 2003Inventors: Hyesook Kim, Jorge H. Capdevila, Raymond R. Novak, Deanna Kroetz
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Publication number: 20020150968Abstract: This invention relates to methods and compositions for the in vitro production of glycoconjugates. In particular, a preferred production system is provided that comprises a solid support, at least one sugar nucleotide producing enzyme, at least one glycosyltransferase, at least one bioenergetic, and at least one acceptor. The sugar nucleotide producing enzyme(s) is preferably immobilized on the solid support. The glycosyltransferase may be co-immobilized on the solid support with the sugar nucleotide producing enzyme(s), or may be provided to the solid support in solution.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 10, 2001Publication date: October 17, 2002Inventors: Peng G. Wang, Xi Chen
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Patent number: 6448029Abstract: The present invention provides a simple method for the determination of a specific component, e.g. 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in a sample containing glucose, and a reagent and a reagent kit useful in the method. In one embodiment, a method for the determination of 1,5-AG is provided which comprises contacting the sample with an enzyme system which converts glucose into fructose-1,6-diphosphate and converts 1,5-AG into 1,5-AG-6-phosphate to form 1,5-AG-6-phosphate, dehydrogenating 1,5-AG-6-phosphate in the sample by the action of 1,5-AG-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the presence of an oxidized coenzyme, and measuring the amount of the reduced coenzyme formed by the dehydrogenation reaction. A reagent and a reagent kit useful in this method are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2001Date of Patent: September 10, 2002Assignee: Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sakae Tazoe, Akira Miike
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Patent number: 6440682Abstract: A method to assess hypertension by measuring the amount of free and conjugated hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETS) and metabolites of DHETs, which are metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) epoxygenases and epoxide hydrolases, in a biological sample which contains the DHETs (using any methods including GC/MS or ELISA) is disclosed. The method further included determining the amount of molecules containing a DHET-specific epitope immunoreactive with antibodies produced against DHETs present in the sample. This amount is compared with a control sample(s). Hypertension is determined through the comparison wherein the amount of increase of free and conjugated DHETs and metabolites of DHETs in the sample isolated from an organism. The present invention also provides a method to assess catalytic activity of AA epoxygenases using immunoassays by measuring the amounts of NADPH-independent epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and total (NADPH-dependent+independent) EETs.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 2000Date of Patent: August 27, 2002Assignee: Detroit R&D Inc.Inventors: Hyesook Kim, Jorge H. Capdevila, Raymond R. Novak, Deanna Kroetz
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Publication number: 20020102287Abstract: The lees or “dregs” produced during wine making are rich sources of antioxidants. Unexpectedly, these materials show significant antibacterial properties as well as antioxidant properties. The lees of red wine which consist of tannins and plant pigments precipitated around crystals of potassium tartarate can advantageously be used directly as a tonic or demulcent. The material can also be used topically for disinfecting the skin, etc. In addition, it is possible to use organic polymers to bind the pigments and/or solubilize them from the tartaric salt to facilitate their use or to make a relatively pure pigment/tannin component.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 17, 1999Publication date: August 1, 2002Inventor: EDWARD SHANBROM
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Patent number: 6379909Abstract: The invention relates to a method of evaluating the immunological status of a subject comprising the steps of 1) determining the content of an antibody in a liquid sample from the subject using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the presence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 1, 2) determining the content of an antibody in the liquid sample using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the absence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 2, and 3) interrelating measurements 1 and 2 to express the interference and using the interference as a parameter for evaluating the immunological status of the subjeType: GrantFiled: June 24, 1999Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: Alk-Abello A/SInventors: Hans-Henrik Ipsen, Niels Johansen, R Ikke Morkeberg, Soren Bogestrand, Tine Charlotte Beck
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Patent number: 6309852Abstract: The present invention provides a simple method for the determination of a specific component, e.g. 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in a sample containing glucose, and a reagent and a reagent kit useful in the method. In one embodiment, a method for the determination of 1,5-AG is provided which comprises contacting the sample with an enzyme system which converts glucose into fructose-1,6-diphosphate and converts 1,5-AG into 1,5-AG-6-phosphate to form 1,5-AG-6-phosphate, dehydrogenating 1,5-AG-6-phosphate in the sample by the action of 1,5-AG-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the presence of an oxidized coenzyme, and measuring the amount of the reduced coenzyme formed by the dehydrogenation reaction. A reagent and a reagent kit useful in this method are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1999Date of Patent: October 30, 2001Assignee: Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sakae Tazoe, Akira Miike
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Patent number: 6248234Abstract: A bioremediation device including a water dissolvable material that may be held in a netting capable of suspension. The material preferably comprises surfactants that contain hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic tails that can easily form emulsions with the sewage material present by way of critical micelle formation. These surfactants preferably include but are not limited to nonionic surfactants that carry no charge. The hydrophilic portion preferably contains numerous polar ether linkages derived from polymerization of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with the hydrophobe. The preferred material comprises biodegradable alkanolamine surfactants that remove grease and organic matter from waste water by biological means through the induction of bacteria and enzyme as the material dissolves in the presence of waste water.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1999Date of Patent: June 19, 2001Inventor: Kenneth King Cline
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Patent number: 6235535Abstract: This invention relates to a fluorescence-based immunoassay method for the detection of an analyte, or for the measurement of its concentration in a biological sample. The method is based on the ability of a multivalent analyte to induce aggregation of receptor molecules labeled with a fluorophore, which molecules are anchored to and are freely mobile on a lipid membrane, and thereby cause changes in the fluorescence.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1998Date of Patent: May 22, 2001Assignee: Valtion Teknillinen TutkimuskeskusInventors: Kari Keinänen, Marja-Leena Laukkanen, Hans Söderlund
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Patent number: 6168924Abstract: The presence of endotoxin in the outer membrane of cell wall of a Gram-negative bacteria is used to determine bacterial contamination in a biological product. The amount of endotoxin present in a biological product is accurately measured without influence of a limulus reaction-activating substance which causes a false-positive reaction, by a method including the steps of: inactivating the limulus reaction-activating substance, if any, in the biological product, by exposing the biological product to a surfactant at a temperature ranging from the surfactant's freezing point to 50° C.; and measuring the amount of endotoxin present in the biological product, using a limulus reagent.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1997Date of Patent: January 2, 2001Assignee: Seikagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hiroshi Tamura, Shigenori Tanaka, Maki Watanabe
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Patent number: 6106828Abstract: The present invention provides polypeptide conjugates with reduced allergenicity comprising a polymeric carrier molecule having two or more polypeptide molecules coupled thereto. The invention also provides methods for producing the conjugates, compositions comprising the conjugates, and the use of the conjugates in industrial applications, including personal care products and detergent compositions.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1998Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Henrik Bisgard-Frantzen, Arne Agerlin Olsen, Annette Prento
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Patent number: 5962279Abstract: A process for the efficient production of a D-amino acid from the corresponding DL-5-substituted hydantoin by one-step reaction which comprises using a composite immobilized enzyme at a pH about neutrality, said composite immobilized enzyme being obtained by immobilizing a hydantoinase having its optimal pH within an alkaline range and a D-N-carbamyl-.alpha.-amino acid amidohydrolase having its optimal pH about neutrality in a coexisting state on an immobilizing support, simultaneously, is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1996Date of Patent: October 5, 1999Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hirokazu Nanba, Yukio Yamada, Kazuyoshi Yajima, Masayuki Takano, Yasuhiro Ikenaka, Satomi Takahashi, Takehisa Ohashi
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Patent number: 5928918Abstract: Biological components such as enzymes are immobilized in a three-dimensional cross-linked hydrophobic polymer. An enzyme is mixed with an aqueous solvent and a non-crosslinked prepolymer having an essentially nonpolar main chain with attached polar hydrophilic groups and cross-linking groups. The resultant mixture is exposed to cross-linking temperatures to react the prepolymer via the cross-linking groups without additional catalyst or cross-linking agents, and the aqueous solvent is evaporated to form a three-dimensional cross-linked hydrophobic polymer matrix containing the enzyme. The prepolymer can be an oil alkyl resin containing the main chain with attached polar hydrophilic groups and cross-linking groups. The oil alkyl resin is cross-linked by autoxidation, and aqueous solvent is evaporated to form the polymer matrix.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1997Date of Patent: July 27, 1999Assignee: AVL Medical Instruments AGInventors: Helmut Offenbacher, Bernhard Schaffar, Massoud Ghahramani
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Patent number: 5925252Abstract: A bioremediation device and process for remediation of waste collection systems. The present invention preferably comprises an bioactive element having an outer and an inner portion. The concentration of the bioactive element in the outer portion differs from that of the inner portion so that the concentration is greatest when the waste material is first exposed to the outside of the element and diminishes while the solid dissolves in the waste material. The outer portion is disposed about the inner portion such that substantially all of the outer portion is dissolved for delivery of the bioactive element into the waste material before dissolution of the inner portion occurs. The outer portion has a relatively great bioactive effect for remediating the waste material and the inner portion has a relatively lesser bioremediating effect for maintaining the waste material in the collection systems.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1997Date of Patent: July 20, 1999Assignee: Innovative FormulationsInventor: Kenneth King Cline
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Patent number: 5879920Abstract: A granular enzyme composition is produced having reduced tendency to form dust and leave a residue, and improved stability and delayed release characteristics. The composition has a core, optionally coated with a vinyl polymer, a layer containing an enzyme and a vinyl polymer and optionally a plasticizer or anti-agglomeration agent, and an outer coating containing a polymer and optionally a low residue pigment and/or lubricant. Preferably, the core is a salt or sugar nonpareil, the vinyl polymer coating the core is polyvinyl alcohol and most preferably partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, the vinyl polymer in the enzyme layer is polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the polymer of the outer coating is polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol which may be partially hydrolyzed, polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof such as a mixture of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1995Date of Patent: March 9, 1999Assignee: Genencor International, Inc.Inventors: Douglas A. Dale, Alfred L. Gaertner, Gene Park, Nathaniel T. Becker
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Patent number: 5866378Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the enzymatic synthesis of nucleotide-6-deoxy-D-xylo-4-hexuloses starting from a nucleoside monophosphate (NMP). These processes comprise simultaneous incubation of the following substances in a buffer solution:(a) substrates comprising a nucleoside monophosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, adenosine triphosphate, and sucrose; and(b) enzymes comprising pyruvate kinase, nucleoside-monophosphate kinase, sucrose synthase and deoxythymidine-D-glucose 4,6dehydratase.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1996Date of Patent: February 2, 1999Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Ruediger Marquardt, Brigitte Hoersch, Andreas Seiffert-Stoeriko, Andreas Stein, Astrid Zervosen, Lothar Elling, Maria Regina Kula, Stefan Verseck, Juergen Distler, Wolfgang Piepersberg
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Patent number: 5837483Abstract: An enzymatic method for producing N-formyl-.alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester by a condensation reaction between N-formyl-L-aspartic acid and L-phenylalanine methyl ester or D,L-phenylalanine methyl ester, which comprises: supplying an organic phase comprising a water-immiscible solvent containing N-formyl-L-aspartic acid and L- or D,L-phenylalanine methyl ester onto an aqueous phase comprising a thermolysin-like metalloprotease; proceeding the condensation reaction in the aqueous phase to produce N-formyl-.alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester; and extracting the N-formyl-.alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester thus produced from the aqueous phase to the organic phase.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1997Date of Patent: November 17, 1998Assignee: Holland Sweetener Company V.o.F.Inventor: Akira Hirata
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Patent number: 5817470Abstract: This invention is related to a process for the enhanced immobilization of a ligand to solid supports to be used for a biochemical detection method. The enhanced immobilization of the ligand was obtained by coating the surface of the solid support with the adhesive polyphenolic protein isolated from mussels. The bound ligand is reacted with a solution containing an antiligand whereby the antiligand becomes bound to the immobilized ligand. After removing the excess or unbound antiligand, the antiligand bound to the immobilized ligand is detected by using an enzyme-linked immunoassay.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1995Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: Sociedad Biotecnologica Collico LimitadaInventors: Luis O. Burzio, Veronica A. Burzio
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Patent number: 5780260Abstract: An enzyme selected from penicillin-G amidase, glutaryl-7-ACA acylase and D-amino acid oxidase is immobilized by covalent bonding on an aminofunctional organosiloxane polymer carrier to provide an immobilized enzyme having a specific volume activity of at least 100 U/g wet carrier. Preferably, the carrier has an average diameter or 0.01 to 3 mm and is essentially spherical. Covalent bonding is accomplished by activating amino groups on the carrier with a dialdehyde and reacting the activated groups with reactive groups on the enzyme. An amount of enzyme is immobilized to provide a weight ratio of enzyme to carrier of 1 to 300 mg protein per g wet carrier.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 1996Date of Patent: July 14, 1998Assignee: Boehringer Mannheim GmbHInventors: Frank Wedekind, Adelheid Daser, Wilhelm Tischer
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Patent number: 5747078Abstract: Methods for long-term preservation of food products using a lactoperoxidase system. Long-term preservation is achieved by controlled generation of hydrogen peroxide as a substrate for the lactoperoxidase system. Controlled production of hydrogen peroxide is achieved by generating the hydrogen peroxide enzymatically form a system wherein the substrate for the enzyme generating the hydrogen peroxide is immobilized or is generated in situ from a precursor.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1995Date of Patent: May 5, 1998Assignee: Gist-brocades, N.V.Inventors: Sylvia Josefine De Jong, Ben Rudolf De Haan, Hong Sheng Tan
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Patent number: 5733763Abstract: An enzyme-containing granulate is prepared containing a core and a shell wherein the core and/or shell contain an enzyme and the shell contains artificial or cellulose fibers in an amount of 1.5-40%. The core may also contain the fibers in an amount of 1.5-40%. In a preferred embodiment, the core contains a primary enzyme, the fibers, a coating of a sustained release agent, and the shell contains a secondary enzyme and the fibers. The sustained release coating causes the primary enzyme to be released more slowly than the secondary enzyme in a washing solution. In another embodiment, the core contains a primary detergent additive, a coating of a protective agent, and the shell contains a secondary detergent additive and the fibers. The protective coating separates the primary and secondary detergent additives so they do not harm each other during storage. Preferably, the core and shell also contain a binder, a filler and a granulating agent.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1996Date of Patent: March 31, 1998Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Erik Kj.ae butted.r Markussen, Per Falholt