Clostridium Patents (Class 435/252.7)
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Patent number: 7432090Abstract: We have shown that the control of solventogenesis and sporulation can be genetically uncoupled in C. acetobutylicum. In strain 824(pASspo), the absence of SpoIIE causes sporulation to be blocked at stage II. The cell remains in a vegetative state, and this allows solvent production to proceed for longer and for solvents to accumulate more rapidly and to a higher concentration. The characteristic drop in OD600 observed in wild type and control strains of C. acetobutylicum after 48-72 hours as the cells transition from the solventogenic phase to sporulation is notably absent in the fermentations of 824(pASspo). Mutant S (wild type background, spoIIE disrupted), Mutant BS (Mutant B background, spoIIE disrupted), Mutant HS (Mutant H background, spoIIE disrupted) and Mutant bukS (buk- background, spoIIE disrupted) were generated to create stable solvent producing bacteria with complete inactivation of the SpoIIE protein. Similarity between the SpoIIE protein of C. acetobutylicum, B.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2005Date of Patent: October 7, 2008Assignee: Rice UniversityInventors: George N. Bennett, Miles C. Scotcher
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Patent number: 7425338Abstract: Agents for treating pain, methods for producing the agents and methods for treating pain by administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of the agent. The agent can include a clostridial neurotoxin, or a component or fragment or derivative thereof, attached to a targeting moiety, wherein the targeting moiety is selected from a group consisting of transmission compounds which can be released from neurons upon the transmission of pain signals by the neurons, and compounds substantially similar to the transmission compounds.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2007Date of Patent: September 16, 2008Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 7416879Abstract: An isolated microbial consortium is described that includes a first microbial consortium having Thermacetogenium phaeum to metabolize a complex hydrocarbon substrate into metabolic products comprising an acetate compound. The consortium also includes a second microbial consortium having a methanogen to convert the acetate compound into a final product that includes methane. Also, a method of increasing production of materials with enhanced hydrogen content. The method includes isolating Thermacetogenium phaeum from geologic formation water, culturing the isolated Thermacetogenium phaeum to increase the Thermacetogenium phaeum population, and introducing a consortium of the cultured Thermacetogenium phaeum, which may include spores of Thermacetogenium phaeum, into a hydrocarbon formation containing a complex hydrocarbon substrate.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 2006Date of Patent: August 26, 2008Assignee: LUCA Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Robert S. Pfeiffer, Glenn A. Ulrich, Gary Vanzin
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Publication number: 20080199926Abstract: The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microorganism having one or more gene disruptions, the one or more gene disruptions occurring in genes encoding an enzyme obligatory coupling 3-hydroxypropionic acid production to growth of the microorganism when the gene disruption reduces an activity of the enzyme, whereby the one or more gene disruptions confers stable growth-coupled production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid onto the non-naturally occurring microorganism.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 22, 2008Publication date: August 21, 2008Inventors: Anthony P. Burgard, Stephen J. Van Dien
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Patent number: 7413742Abstract: Agents for treating pain, methods for producing the agents and methods for treating pain by administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of the agent. The agent can include a clostridial neurotoxin, or a component or fragment or derivative thereof, attached to a targeting moiety, wherein the targeting moiety is selected from a group consisting of transmission compounds which can be released from neurons upon the transmission of pain signals by the neurons, and compounds substantially similar to the transmission compounds.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2006Date of Patent: August 19, 2008Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 7374769Abstract: Methods for treating a trigeminal neuralgia by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 2006Date of Patent: May 20, 2008Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7361358Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2003Date of Patent: April 22, 2008Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7354740Abstract: Chromatographic processes and systems for purifying a botulinum toxin from an APF fermentation medium.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2005Date of Patent: April 8, 2008Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Hui Xiang, Mingjiang Luo, Ping Wang, Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 7332567Abstract: The present invention provides clostridial toxin substrates useful in assaying for the protease activity of any clostridial toxin, including botulinum toxins of all serotypes as well as tetanus toxins. A clostridial toxin substrate of the invention contains a donor fluorophore; an acceptor having an absorbance spectrum overlapping the emission spectrum of the donor fluorophore; and a clostridial toxin recognition sequence that includes a cleavage site, where the cleavage site intervenes between the donor fluorophore and the acceptor and where, under the appropriate conditions, resonance energy transfer is exhibited between the donor fluorophore and the acceptor.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2001Date of Patent: February 19, 2008Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Lance E. Steward, Ester Fernandez-Salas, Kei Roger Aoki
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Patent number: 7294339Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 2005Date of Patent: November 13, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Roger Kei Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7291344Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 2005Date of Patent: November 6, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7288260Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2004Date of Patent: October 30, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7288259Abstract: Methods of using clostridial toxins and other biological agents to control holocrine gland dysfunction in humans is provided. In preferred embodiments the methods provide beneficial effects in humans.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 2003Date of Patent: October 30, 2007Inventors: Ira Sanders, Rosemary Aquila
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Patent number: 7276245Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 2005Date of Patent: October 2, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Roger Kei Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7276244Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating abnormalities of the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot of a mammal comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of neuromuscular toxin to the mammal. Preferred embodiments include administering toxins capable of interfering with the connection between muscle and nerve, e.g. botulinum toxin, to the patient to treat such abnormalities as hallux abductovalgus, hallux varus, hallux limitus, and hallux rigidus.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2005Date of Patent: October 2, 2007Inventor: Philip Radovic
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Patent number: 7273734Abstract: A process for producing a polyester, the process comprising the steps of (1) fermenting a saccharide with a microorganism to obtain at least one substituted ?-hydroxy acid represented by the formula: HO—CHR—COOH (wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms), and (2) polymerizing the substituted ?-hydroxy acid or a derivative thereof.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2005Date of Patent: September 25, 2007Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masato Minami, Shinya Kozaki
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Patent number: 7270826Abstract: The present invention uses pharmaceutical preparations of Botulinum toxin to induce neurogenic atrophy to alter muscle volume and subsequently, facial contour. Reduction in lip volume is accomplished using the disclosed methods thereby producing a favorable effect on a hypervolemic lip deformity. In other embodiments of the invention, the methods disclosed herein may be used to shrink muscle bulk and contour, especially in the face. In one embodiment, treating excessive muscle bulk below the eyelids can cause a smoothing of the lower lid and cheek contour producing a favorable improvement in appearance. Such an application is in distinct contrast to rhytide (wrinkle reduction) as the injected region does not contain wrinkles or any other form of dynamic line, merely excessive tissue bulk.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2005Date of Patent: September 18, 2007Inventor: Gary E. Borodic
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Patent number: 7255865Abstract: Methods for treating conditions in an animal or human subject. The conditions may be pain, skeletal muscle conditions, smooth muscle conditions, glandular conditions and cosmetic conditions. The methods comprise the step of administering a Clostridium neurotoxin component or Clostridium neurotoxin component encoding DNA to the subject using a needleless syringe.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 2002Date of Patent: August 14, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Patricia S. Walker
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Patent number: 7255866Abstract: Methods for treating fibromyalgia by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a botulinum toxin to a patient with fibromyalgia.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 2003Date of Patent: August 14, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Martin A. Voet
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Patent number: 7211262Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2003Date of Patent: May 1, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7189541Abstract: Media and processes for the fermentation of Clostridium botulinum and obtaining a botulinum toxin for use in formulating botulinum toxin pharmaceutical compositions. The growth media can contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products using non-animal based products to replace the animal-derived products. Preferably, the media used are substantially free of animal derived products.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2005Date of Patent: March 13, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 7179635Abstract: The present invention provides peptides libraries which are useful for rapid identification of biologically active compounds. The invention further provides peptides which include cell-growth affecting peptides and peptides which enhance or inhibit production of cellular proteins. Many of the peptides of the invention may be produced in large quantity by recombinant techniques and formulated in culture medium to produce the desired effect on cultured cells and tissues. Certain of the libraries of the invention and the peptides identified in them are particularly useful in concatemer-based recombinant expression methods.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 2004Date of Patent: February 20, 2007Assignee: Becton, Dickinson and CompanyInventors: Perry D. Haaland, Douglas B. Sherman, Robert L. Campbell, Walter William Stewart, Sheila A. Lloyd, Ann Hart Erickson, legal representative, Bruce Wayne Erickson, deceased
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Patent number: 7172763Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2003Date of Patent: February 6, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 7160699Abstract: Animal product free (APF) media and processes for the culture and fermentation of botulinum toxin producing Clostridium botulinum bacteria. The botulinum toxin obtained can be used for formulating and compounding botulinum toxin pharmaceutical compositions. The APF media can contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products and use non-animal based products instead of the animal-derived products. Preferably, the APF media used are substantially free or free of animal derived products.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2005Date of Patent: January 9, 2007Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventors: Ping Wang, Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 7148041Abstract: Media and processes for the fermentation of Clostridium botulinum and obtaining a botulinum toxin for use in formulating botulinum toxin pharmaceutical compositions. The growth media can contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products using non-animal based products to replace the animal-derived products. Preferably, the media used are substantially free of animal derived products.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 2003Date of Patent: December 12, 2006Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 7094588Abstract: The present invention relates to novel variant EGIII or EGIII-like cellulases that have improved stability. The variant cellulases have performance sensitive residues replaced to a residue having modified stability.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2003Date of Patent: August 22, 2006Assignee: Genencor International, Inc.Inventors: Peter Gualfetti, Colin Mitchinson, Jay Phillips
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Patent number: 7067300Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method for the biological production of 1,3-propanediol from a fermentable carbon source in a single microorganism. In one aspect of the present invention, an improved process for the conversion of glucose to 1,3-propanediol is achieved by the use of an E. coli transformed with the Klebsiella pneumoniae dha regulon genes dhaR, orfY, dhaT, orfX, orfW, dhaB1, dhaB2, dhaB3, and orfZ, all these genes arranged in the same genetic organization as found in wild type Klebsiella pneumoniae. In another aspect of the present invention, an improved process for the production of 1,3-propanediol from glucose using a recombinant E. coli containing genes encoding a G3PDH, a G3P phosphatase, a dehydratase, and a dehydratase reactivation factor compared to an identical process using a recombinant E. coli containing genes encoding a G3PDH, a G3P phosphatase, a dehydratase, a dehydratase reactivation factor and a 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (dhaT).Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 2002Date of Patent: June 27, 2006Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Mark Emptage, Sharon L. Haynie, Lisa A. Laffend, Jeff P. Pucci, Gregory Marshall Whited
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Patent number: 7052702Abstract: A class of novel agents that are able to modify nociceptive afferent function is provided. The agents may inhibit the release of neurotransmitters from discrete populations of neurones and thereby reduce or preferably prevent the transmission of afferent pain signals from peripheral to central pain fibers. They comprise a galactose-binding lectin linked to a derivative of a clostridial neurotoxin. The derivative of the clostridial neurotoxin comprises the L-chain, or a fragment thereof, which includes the active proteolytic enzyme domain of the light (L) chain, linked to a molecule or domain with membrane translocating activity. The agents may be used in or as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of pain, particularly chronic pain.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1998Date of Patent: May 30, 2006Assignees: Health Protection Agency, Ipsen LimitedInventors: Michael John Duggan, John Andrew Chaddock
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Patent number: 6984513Abstract: Recombinant anaerobic bacterial compositions that under anaerobic conditions present in a solid tumor and produce an enzyme capable of catalyzing the conversion of a prodrug to its cytotoxic product in situ are described. Methods of treating tumors using the composition are also described.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 2002Date of Patent: January 10, 2006Assignee: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior UniversityInventors: John M. Brown, Shie-Chau Liu, Amato J. Giaccia, Nigel P. Minton
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Patent number: 6977080Abstract: Methods for treating cardiac muscle disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias, by administration of a neurotoxin to cardiac muscle are disclosed. Bradycardia can be alleviated for several months by a single intrapericardial or intracardiac injection or infusion of a botulinum toxin. Tachycardia can be alleviated by preganglionic sympathetic nervous system administration of a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1999Date of Patent: December 20, 2005Assignee: Allergan, Inc.Inventor: Stephen Donovan
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Patent number: 6960465Abstract: Recombinant microorganisms and related methods of use to enhance tolerance to toxic substances. In particular, such microorganisms and methods can be used to increase solvent production.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 2002Date of Patent: November 1, 2005Assignee: Northwestern UniversityInventors: Eleftherios T. Papoutsakis, Christopher A. Tomas, Marija Tesic, Jose Y. Santiago
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Patent number: 6927059Abstract: A nucleic acid sequence which regulates the autolytic activity of bacteria is provided. Methods for identifying and using agents which interact with the gene to inhibit bacterial growth and infectivity also are provided.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 2002Date of Patent: August 9, 2005Assignee: Trustees of Dartmouth CollegeInventor: Ambrose Cheung
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Patent number: 6887698Abstract: The invention is directed to a novel purified mouse C5-epimerase, fragments thereof, nucleic acids encoding the same and the recombinant production thereof. The invention is also directed to fragments of such epimerase, especially N-terminal fragments that are useful in fusion protein constructs to enhance the activity of recombinantly-produced heterologous epimerase enzymes.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2001Date of Patent: May 3, 2005Assignees: Biotie Therapies Corp., Inalco S.p.A.Inventors: Markku Jalkanen, Kamel El Darwish, Ulf Lindahl, Jin-ping Li
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Patent number: 6869610Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 2002Date of Patent: March 22, 2005Assignee: Allergan Sales, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Publication number: 20040235139Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for use in culturing Clostridium difficile and producing Clostridium difficile toxins.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2003Publication date: November 25, 2004Inventors: Arnold L. Demain, Aiqi Fang
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Patent number: 6753170Abstract: A modified water-immiscible solvent useful in the extraction of acetic acid from aqueous streams is a substantially pure mixture of isomers of highly branched di-alkyl amines. Solvent mixtures formed of such a modified solvent with a desired co-solvent, preferably a low boiling hydrocarbon, are useful in the extraction of acetic acid from aqueous gaseous streams. An anaerobic microbial fermentation process for the production of acetic acid employs such solvents, under conditions which limit amide formation by the solvent and thus increase the efficiency of acetic acid recovery. Methods for the direct extraction of acetic acid and the extractive fermentation of acetic acid also employ the modified solvents and increase efficiency of acetic acid production. Such increases in efficiency are also obtained where the energy source for the microbial fermentation contains carbon dioxide and the method includes a carbon dioxide stripping step prior to extraction of acetic acid in solvent.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 2002Date of Patent: June 22, 2004Assignees: Bioengineering Resources, Inc., Celanese International CorporationInventors: James L. Gaddy, Edgar C. Clausen, Ching-Whan Ko, Leslie E. Wade, Carl V. Wikstrom
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Patent number: 6713444Abstract: The compounds of the invention are generally described by the formula: X1X2B3X4B5X*6X7X8 B9X10B11X12B13X14 B15X16B17X*18X*19B20 X21X22X23Q24F25Z*26X27 X28B29X30B31B32X33X34 B35B36X37Z38Z39 (1) and the salts, esters, amides, and acyl forms thereof. Up to 15 amino acids may be truncated from the N-terminus and up to 6 amino acids may be truncated from the C-terminus. Each position represented by a letter indicates a single amino acid residue wherein B is a basic or polar/large amino acid or a modified form thereof; X is a small or hydrophobic amino acid or a modified form thereof; X* is a small or polar/large amino acid or a modified form thereof; Z is a polar/large or hydrophobic amino acid or a modified form thereof; Z* is Proline or a polar/large or hydrophobic amino acid or a modified form thereof. These compounds may be used to inhibit the protease activity of Botulinum B and tetanus toxins.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 2000Date of Patent: March 30, 2004Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Gregory E. Garcia, Richard K. Gordon, Debbie R. Moorad, Bhupendra P. Doctor
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Patent number: 6652849Abstract: A genetically-engineered anaerobic organism is provided which, under anaerobic conditions present in a solid tumor, produces an enzyme capable of catalyzing the conversion of a prodrug to its highly cytotoxic product in situ and methods of treating tumors using same.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2002Date of Patent: November 25, 2003Assignees: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Standford Junior University, Microbiological Research Authority through the Centre for Applied Microbiology ResearchInventors: John Martin Brown, Nigel P. Minton, Amato Giaccia
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Patent number: 6623775Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery that hop extract is useful as an antibacterial agent against the dangerous pathogens Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium difficile, and Helicobacter pylori at levels below that at which a flavor from the acids contained therein is objectionable. More specifically, a process and associated product is described herein, comprising applying a solution of hop extract to a food, beverage or other medium so that the final concentration of hop ingredients is about 1 ppm or higher in order to inhibit the growth of Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium difficile, and/or Helicobacter pylori.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 2001Date of Patent: September 23, 2003Assignee: S.S. Steiner, Inc.Inventors: Eric A. Johnson, Gerhard J. Haas
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Patent number: 6620611Abstract: A slow-release solid chemical composition for environmental bioremediation is provided. The composition comprises a source of soluble organic substrates which include sugars, soluble organic polymers and mixtures of them in an amount of 7% to 90%, insoluble organic substrates an amount of 10% to 70%, complex inorganic phosphates in an amount of 0.5% to 7% and soluble organic salts in an amount of 2% to 70%. The insoluble organic substrates include fibrous plant materials, starches, cellulosic materials and mixtures of these substrates. The complex inorganic phosphates include ringed metaphosphates, linear polyphosphates and mixtures. The organic salts include lactates, formates, acetates, citrates, etc. Also the composition further comprises microorganisms which include Bacillus spp., Rhizobium spp., Bradyrhibzobium spp., Fibrobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Pseudomonas. spp., Geobacter spp., Arthrobacter spp., Nocardia, spp., aspergillus spp., Trichoderma spp., Candida spp., Yarrowia spp.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 2001Date of Patent: September 16, 2003Assignee: Geovation Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Eric Christian Hince
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Patent number: 6573241Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a therapeutic agent to be administered intramuscularly for suppressing snoring noises a high-purity Clostridium toxin BoNT/A or TeNT or at least one of a high-purity Clostridium toxin BoNT/B, BoNT/C1, BoNT/D, BoNT/E, BoNT/F and BoNT/G is added to a carrier. In an alternative, one or more hybrid proteins as a Clostridium toxin, having a light subunit of a Clostridium toxin of the following group and a heavy subunit of a different Clostridium toxin of the same following group, which group contains BoNT/A, BoNT/B, BoNT/C1, BoNT/D, BoNT/E, BoNT/F, BoNT/G and TeNT, are added to a carrier. According to another alternative, a complex, containing a Clostridium toxin or a hybrid protein, and further containing one or more therapeutically well-tolerated hemagglutinins and/or pharmaceutically well-tolerated non-toxic proteins, is added to a carrier. The carrier can be an aqueous solution, a saline solution, or liposomes.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2001Date of Patent: June 3, 2003Assignee: BioteCon Gesellschaft für bio-technologische Entwicklung und Consulting GmbHInventors: Hans Bigalke, Jürgen Frevert
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Patent number: 6558926Abstract: The present invention provides a system for the growth of C. tetani and production of Tetanus Toxin for use in formulating Tetanus Toxoid preparations. The system includes growth media that contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products using non-animal based products to replace the animal-derived products. Preferred media are substantially free of animal-derived products.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1999Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Aiqi Fang
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Patent number: 6528498Abstract: Improved method of enhancing a population of one or more target micoorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the improvement comprising providing to the animal a selected modified or unmodified resistant starch or mixtures thereof, such that the one or more microorganisms will selectively utilize the starch and/or increase in number and/or activity in the gastrointestinal tract, either uniformly throughout the gastrointestinal tract or at specific site or regions.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2001Date of Patent: March 4, 2003Assignees: The University of New South Wales, Burns Philp & Company Limited, Burns Philp Research & Development PTY Ltd., Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Arnott's Biscuits Limited, Gist-Brocades Australia PTY Limited, Goodman Fiedler Ingredients LimitedInventors: Ian L. Brown, Patricia Lynne Conway, Karl Anders Olof Henriksson, Kenneth J. McNaught, Xin Wang
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Patent number: 6491905Abstract: The present invention provides a procaryotic host cell stably transformed or transfected by a vector including a DNA sequence encoding for purine nucleoside phosphorylase or hydrolase. The transformed or transfected procaryotic host cell can be used in combination with a purine substrate to treat tumor cells and/or virally infected cells.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1998Date of Patent: December 10, 2002Assignees: The UAB Research Foundation, Southern Research InstituteInventors: Eric J. Sorscher, William B. Parker, William Waud, Vijayakrishna K. Gadi, Leonard L. Bennett, Jr.
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Patent number: 6464986Abstract: Methods for treating a non-spasm caused pain by peripheral administration to a patient of a therapeutically effective amount of a neurotoxin, such as a botulinum toxin.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2000Date of Patent: October 15, 2002Assignee: Allegan Sales, Inc.Inventors: Kei Roger Aoki, Minglei Cui, Stephen W. Jenkins
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Patent number: 6465435Abstract: This invention relates to prevention and/or treatment of antibiotic associated diarrhea, including Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD), pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) and other conditions associated with C. difficile infection, using oligosaccharide compositions which bind C. difficile toxin B. More specifically, the invention concerns neutralization of C. difficile toxin B associated with such conditions.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2000Date of Patent: October 15, 2002Assignee: SYNSORB Biotech, Inc.Inventors: Louis D. Heerze, Glen D. Armstrong
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Patent number: 6416754Abstract: A genetically-engineered anaerobic organism is provided which, under anaerobic conditions present in a solid tumor, produces an enzyme capable of catalyzing the conversion of a prodrug to its highly cytotoxic product in situ and methods of treating tumors using same.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1996Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignees: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University, Microbiological Research Authority (MRA) acting through the Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research (CAMR)Inventors: John Martin Brown, Nigel P. Minton, Amato Giaccia
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Patent number: 6406895Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of 1,3-propanediol by the fermentation of a 1,3-propanediol-producing microorganism in a fermentation medium containing glucose, characterized in that the fermentation is carried out without mechanical agitation, with the maintenance of an air retention greater than or equal to 50%, expressed as the volume of gas relative to the total volume of the liquid phase of the fermentation medium, and with the maintenance of a high cell density and a microorganism viability value, determined by a test A, greater than or equal to 95%, preferably of between 95 and 99%, by controlling frothing in the fermentation medium.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 2000Date of Patent: June 18, 2002Assignee: Roquette FreresInventors: Sophie Defretin, Brigitte Delelis, Laurent Segueilha
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Patent number: 6368819Abstract: A modified water-immiscible solvent useful in the extraction of acetic acid from aqueous streams is a substantially pure mixture of isomers of highly branched di-alkyl amines. This solvent is substantially devoid of mono-alkyl amines and alcohols. Solvent mixtures formed of such a modified solvent with a desired cosolvent, preferably a low boiling hydrocarbon which forms an azeotrope with water are useful in the extraction of acetic acid from aqueous gaseous streams. An anaerobic microbial fermentation process for the production of acetic acid employs such solvents, under conditions which limit amide formation by the solvent and thus increase the efficiency of acetic acid recovery. Methods for the direct extraction of acetic acid and the extractive fermentation of acetic acid also employ the modified solvents and increase efficiency of acetic acid production.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2001Date of Patent: April 9, 2002Assignees: Bioengineering Resources, Inc., Celanese International CorporationInventors: James L. Gaddy, Edgar C. Clausen, Ching-Whan Ko, Leslie E. Wade, Carl V. Wikstrom
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Patent number: RE39175Abstract: A modified water-immiscible solvent useful in the extraction of acetic acid from aqueous streams is a substantially pure mixture of isomers of highly branched di-alkyl amines. This solvent is substantially devoid of mono-alkyl amines and alcohols. Solvent mixtures formed of such a modified solvent with a desired cosolvent, preferably a low boiling hydrocarbon which forms an azeotrope with water are useful in the extraction of acetic acid from aqueous gaseous streams. An anaerobic microbial fermentation process for the production of acetic acid employs such solvents, under conditions which limit amide formation by the solvent and thus increase the efficiency of acetic acid recovery. Methods for the direct extraction of acetic acid and the extractive fermentation of acetic acid also employ the modified solvents and increase efficiency of acetic acid production.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 1999Date of Patent: July 11, 2006Assignees: Bioengineering Resources, Inc., Celanese International CorporationInventors: James L. Gaddy, Edgar C. Clausen, Ching-Whan Ko, Leslie E. Wade, Carl V. Wikstrom