Abstract: A process for the isolation and purification of nucleic acids and/or oligonucleotides for use in gene therapy wherein said nucleic acids and/or oligonucleotides are isolated or purified from an essentially biological source, characterized in that said essentially biological sources are lysed, the fractions obtained are optionally freed or depleted from the remainder of said biological sources by per se known mechanical methods, such as centrifugation, filtration; the fractions thus treated are subsequently treated with affinity chromatographic material or with inorganic chromatographic material for the removal of endotoxins; followed by isolation of said nucleic acids and/or oligonucleotides on an anion exchanger which is designed such that DNA begins to desorb from the anion exchanger only at an ionic strength corresponding to a sodium chloride solution of a concentration higher by at least 100 mM than one corresponding to the ionic strength at which RNA begins to desorb from the anion exchanger material.

Abstract: A system for nitrate removal from aquariums, both fresh water and marine aquariums, by means of permeable polymeric beads which contain a combination of fermentative and denitrifying bacteria and a carbon source. Preferred beads are beads made from sodium alginate or chitosan. The bacteria, in the presence of the carbon source, are able to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas. Bacteria which are not harmful to fish are used. The porous beads used in the process are novel and part of the invention.

Abstract: A waste treatment system is herein described. A microbial additive containing a mixture of enzymes and bacteria designed to produce anoxic degradation of the waste is added to the waste composed of liquid waste containing solid content and the waste is shredded and mixed, thereby resulting in waste having a more homogeneous texture. The waste is then heated while shredding and mixing continues. The heating process eliminates pathogens. The result is that a combination of anoxic and anaerobic microbial activity within the waste is promoted while the organic portion of the solid content is largely dissolved into liquids, gases and biomass. Following heating, shredding and mixing, the treated waste separates into waste liquid and waste solid as the unsolubilized solids precipitate out of solution.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for processing tissue by inoculating the tissue with a solution having microorganisms, where the microorganisms are selected to produce compounds that process the tissue. The tissue is incubated with the inoculated microorganisms under conditions that are effective for processing the tissue by the chemicals produced by the microorganisms. The tissue may be subsequently treated to substantially remove or inactivate the microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an open circuit organic waste treatment method, to a plant for carrying out the method, and to applications of that method. The treatment method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) collecting the waste; b) introducing the waste into a first reactor without prior sterilisation; c) decomposing the waste in said first reactor using mesophilic or thermophilic anaerobic bacteria; d) recovering the liquid effluent resulting from said decomposition and transferring it to a second reactor containing heterotrophic or photoheterotrophic bacteria; e) using the heterotrophic or photoheterotrophic bacteria to produce an edible biomass constituted by said bacteria; and f) recovering and packaging the biomass produced. A particular application of the method is that of recycling organic waste of animal origin such as liquid manure or sludge originating from water purification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multifunctional enzyme that can be derived from crustaceans or fish. The enzyme has at least one of a chymotrypsin, trypsin, elastase, collagenase and exo peptidase activity, and a molecular weight between about 20 kd and about 40 kd. Preferably, the multifunctional enzyme has substantial anti cell-cell adhesion activity. Preferably, the multifunctional enzyme has substantial homology with the krill multifunctional enzyme. These enzymes are useful for treating viral infections such as herpes outbreaks, fungal, bacterial or parasitic infections, including the primary and secondary infections of leprosy, colitis, ulcers, hemorrhoids, corneal scarring, dental plaque, acne, cystic fibrosis, blood clots, wounds, immune disorders including autoimmune disease and cancer. Additionally, the invention relates to a method of purifying the multifunctional enzyme, and to a preparation of essentially purified multifunctional enzyme.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dephosphorizing manure, in particular pig manure, comprising of causing phosphate to dissolve, which phosphate is present at least partially in the form of phytate in the manure, separating the manure into a solid and a liquid fraction and removing the phosphate from the liquid fraction of the manure.Causing phosphate to dissolve can be achieved in different ways, for instance by storing the manure for a predetermined period of time under conditioned circumstances, or by sustaining a continuous movement of the manure at a temperature of at least 15.degree. C., preferably between 20 and 40.degree. C., to allow free escape therefrom of formed gases, or by the presence of means for complexing divalent ions, or by the enzymatic decomposition of phytate present in the manure. The phosphate is preferably removed from the liquid fraction by causing struvite to be precipitated therefrom.

Abstract: A process for treating an animal waste in a waste holding facility to reduce sulfides and enhance efficient degradation of large amounts of organic matter with reduced odor. The process includes a first inoculation with sulfide-utilizing bacteria and a second inoculation with organic digesting bacteria and lytic enzymes. The second organic digesting inoculation is performed at a time when the sulfide content of the animal waste in the facility is adequately reduced to support organic digesting bacterial growth and efficient degradation of organic matter.

Abstract: The present invention is a biological waste treatment product that utilizes the activity of scientifically selected bacteria to control the decomposition of poultry litter thereby improving litter quality. The end result is improved health and performance of the birds while also reducing the incidence of foot scabs and other lesions caused by poor litter conditions. Application of the unique combination of bacteria of the present invention results in several biochemical effects proving to be beneficial to the quality of the litter and thus the health and performance of the birds. Specially, bacteria of the present invention produce broad spectrum antimicrobial proteins active against gram (-) bacteria. The reduction of gram (-) bacteria reduces the level of microbial pathogens in the litter as well as reduces the population of gram (-) bacteria that break down uric acid into ammonia.

Abstract: Genes and methods for optimizing levels of substrates employed in the biosynthesis of copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) in plants and bacteria via manipulation of normal metabolic pathways using recombinant DNA techniques are provided. This is achieved through the use of a variety of wild-type and/or deregulated enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of aspartate family amino acids, and wild-type or deregulated forms of enzymes, such as threonine deaminase, involved in the conversion of threonine to P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer end product. By these methods, enhanced levels of threonine, .alpha.-ketobutyrate, propionate, propionyl-CoA, .beta.-ketovaleryl-CoA, and .beta.-hydroxyvaleryl-CoA are produced. Also provided are methods for the biological production of P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymers in plants and bacteria utilizing propionyl-CoA produced through a variety of engineered metabolic pathways. Introduction into plants and bacteria of an appropriate .beta.-ketothiolase, .beta.

Abstract: The invention is based in part on the observation that significant portions of porcine livers appear to remain intact after perfusion by standard methods, suggesting that the perfusion procedures employed do not result in complete enzymatic digestion. Recovery of cells is therefore substantially lower than would be possible if the organs were thoroughly digested. It is found that increased perfusion flow rate, occlusion of at least one major blood vessel leading out of the organ, increased enzymatic digestion time, and vigorous tissue dissociation techniques can be combined to afford a uniquely high yield of viable cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for detecting and/or determining the ATP from microorganism cells in a sample, which comprises the steps of: centrifuging the sample and removing the supernatant, thereby forming a microorganism cell pellet; adding to the microorganism cell pellet a buffer containing a protease-free soluble protein and an ATP hydrolase and incubating the mixture at a pH of 6.0-8.0; extracting ATP from the microorganism cells with an added ATP extraction agent; and detecting and/or determining the ATP released from the microorganism cells by bioluminescence analysis. The present invention also provides a test kit for detecting and/or determining the ATP from microorganism cells, which comprises a reagent containing a buffer capable of pH adjustment to 6.0-8.0, a protease-free soluble protein and an ATP hydrolase, a reagent containing an ATP extraction agent, and a bioluminescence reagent.

Abstract: The subject invention provides methods and kits for detecting increased bone resorption in patients. These methods and kits use chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan, as a marker for bone resorption. Levels of chondroitin sulfate are detected in samples of urine or serum taken from patients. Measurements of chondroitin sulfate levels are made by methods such as fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE). Knowledge of increased bone resorption rates is useful in diagnosis of bone disorders such as osteoporosis.

Abstract: Mixed bacterial compositions minimally contain a mixed population of bacteria including at least one species of Nitrosomonas capable of converting ammonia to nitrite, at least one species of Nitrobacter capable of converting nitrite to nitrate, at least one species of Pseudomonas capable of converting nitrate to nitrite and capable of metabolizing urea, and at least one species of Enterobacter capable of metabolizing bacterial waste products and fermenting lactose. The ability of these aforementioned bacteria to metabolize the odor; and partially decompose the waste material producing the odor is enhanced by the addition of an acclimated mixed bacterial culture to the mixed bacterial composition containing the aforementioned species of Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter. The acclimated mixed bacterial culture includes at least one and up to four different species or strains of Pseudomonas, at least one species of Acinetobacter, and at least one species of Enterobacter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving the sensitivity and accuracy of a lead assay. The method enhances the recovery of lead during isolation of the lead from interfering compounds by maintaining the lead in a sample solution and making the recovered lead available for detection by the assay. An enhancing reagent complexes with the lead isolated in the sample solution. The enhancer includes a chelator having a lead equilibrium binding constant in the range of about 4 log K to about 13 log K. A kit for performing such a lead assay is also provided.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for reducing or removing endotoxins from compositions containing therapeutic active substances extracted from natural sources by genetic engineering and/or biotechnology. For that purpose, the compositions are treated with chromatographic materials. The natural sources are disintegrated, the thus obtained fractions are, if required, centrifuged, filtered or treated using affinity chromatography methods, the fractions are pre-incubated in an aqueous salt solution and detergents, are treated with anion exchange materials, then washed with another salt solution. The active substances are eluted from the anion exchanger then further purified in a manner known per se.

Abstract: The activities of chymopapain or papain in enzyme mixtures are inhibited by the addition of glycogen, hyaluronic acid, or desulfated heparin. The process for isolating viable hepatocytes or pancreatic cells by treatment with papain or chymopapain is improved by terminating the treatment by inhibiting the reaction with these polysaccharides. Similarly, the process for removing undesired tissue by treatment with papain or chymopapain is improved by terminating the treatment by inhibiting the reaction with these polysaccharides.

Abstract: The invention relates to the identification of insoluble cytoskeletal proteins, or fragments thereof, which are characteristic of the origin of the tissue. The invention relates as well to the method for detecting such proteins by breaking down and solubilizing the protein for immunological detection and quantitation. The method allows detection of tissue lesions or other pathological foci and metastases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving the sensitivity and accuracy of a lead assay. The method enhances the recovery of lead during isolation of the lead from interfering compounds by maintaining the lead in a sample solution and making the recovered lead available for detection by the assay. An enhancing reagent complexes with the lead isolated in the sample solution. The enhancer includes a chelator having a lead equilibrium binding constant in the range of about 4 log K to about 13 log K. A kit for performing such a lead assay is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-HIV agent comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one porphyrin derivative selected from the following derivatives (A) and (B):(A) porphyrins modified with a compound selected from carbodiimides, alkylenediamines and alcohols; and(B) complexes of a plasma protein or a chemically modified plasma protein and a porphyrin which may have been modified with a compound selected from carbodiimides, alkylenediamines and alcohols.This anti-HIV agent is excellent in killing effect on HIV-infected cells, inhibitory effect on cytopathy due to HIV infection and HIV-replication inhibiting effect, and high in safety.

Abstract: Detection of lead present in a sample, comprising the steps of: (a) adding a lead recovery agent to an assay solution containing lead from the sample; (b) adding to the assay solution a disulfide enzyme which is inhibited in the presence of lead; and (c) correlating the activity of the disulfide enzyme to the amount of lead in the sample. The lead recovery agent enhances the sensitivity and accuracy of the assay such that the assay can be readily automated for detection of lead in whole blood using commercially available automation systems.

Abstract: A substantially pure steroidogenesis inducing protein ("SIP") is disclosed. The protein is characterized by a molecular weight of 60 kd as determined by SDS-PAGE, a pI of 4.7 to 4.9 and a non cAMP linked mechanism of action. The protein stimulates production of sex and adrenal cells, and also stimulates the production of various steroid hormones. The use of the pure protein in various therapeutic contexts as well as pharmaceutical compositions for therapy are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to concentrate and purify islets of Langerhans from a tissue suspension containing islets and tissue fragments. The tissue suspension is flowed through an inclined channel such that laminar flow is established in the channel. The islets settle toward the channel bottom and are drawn out of the channel through an outlet in the channel bottom, while the remaining tissue suspension flows out a second outlet positioned higher than the islet outlet. Additional concentration or purification may be accomplished by passing the islets through the channel additional times and by centrifuging or filtering operations.

Abstract: Proteolytic enzyme compositions and processes for digesting connective tissue are provided. The enzyme compositions include collagenase, which is essentially free of toxins and non-collagen specific components, and chymopapain, which is essentially free of toxins. The enzyme compositions are used for dissociating microvessel cells from connective tissue. Recovered microvessel cells are incorporated into artificial vessel grafts. The composition preferrably contains collagenase having an activity of about 43 nkat/ml to about 51 nkat/ml and chymopapin having an activity of about 0.22 nkat/ml to about 0.44 nkat/ml.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for improved liquification of mucoid secretion specimens by treatment with a disulfide bond reducing agent and a DNA digestion agent, and for improved concentration of selected bacterial species from such specimens, are disclosed. The disclosure has applicability to bacterial assay techniques including nucleic acid hybridization, culture and stain techniques.

Abstract: A method of producing intact islets of Langerhans in an insulin producing condition uses a mixture of Hank's solution and 10% by volume fetal calf serum to ductally distend the human pancreas. The exocrine tissue of the pancreas is digested at about 37.degree. C. by an enzyme preparation of collagenase, trypsin and proteolytic enzyme present in the mixture at a level of about 0.2% by weight. The digestion is monitored at regular intervals during the process. The digested pancreas is comminuted, filtered and intact islets of Langerhans are recovered. The recovered islets retain their insulin producing properties.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for producing crude sialic acid, comprising hydrolysis of a delipidated egg yolk and a method for producing high purity sialic acid, which comprises desalting a solution containing sialic acid obtainable by hydrolyzing a delipidated egg yolk, adsorbing sialic acid to an anion exchange resin and then eluting said sialic acid.The present invention makes it possible to produce and purify sialic acid from delipidated egg yolk on an industrial scale.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for quantitatively assaying the presence of DSP toxins such as okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-1 in marine samples. The method comprises the steps of preparing a marine extract, fractionating the prepared marine extract and selecting the extract fraction containing the toxin to be assayed. Once the desired extract fraction has been selected, a labelled substrate for protein phosphatase and at least one protein phosphatase are added to the extract in an assay. The amount of toxin present is quantitatively measured by the ability of the extract fraction to inhibit catalysis, mainly dephosphorylation, of the labelled substrate by protein phosphatases, such as phosphatase-1 (PP1) or phosphatase-2A (PP2A). Preferably, the method of the present invention is used to assay the presence of okadaic acid in marine organisms such as mussels, oysters, scallops, phytoplankton and the like.

Abstract: A particulate proteinaceous product and methods for producing the same from waste raw animal parts are disclosed. The product is dry to the touch, is compressible into pellets or cakes, and comprises about 45 to 65 w/w percent partially hydrolyzed, non-denatured animal protein, about 20-35 w/w percent oil derived from the animal parts, about 10-15 w/w percent moisture, and about 0-7 w/w percent ash. The product also has less objectionable odor, less propensity to oxidize, and higher nutritional value than existing products. The method involves mulling raw animal parts, hydrolyzing proteins in the animal parts with enzymes, heating to inactivate enzymes, screening, concentrating and adding oil, pasteurizing, removing water, separating oil and routing a portion of the separated oil to the beginning of concentrating as oil added. The method is distinctive in that it produces a dry, flaky product without the use of a conventional dryer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of selectively degrading .beta.-lactoglobulin contained in cow's milk-serum protein by using a specific enzyme capable of selectively degrading .beta.-lactoglobulin.

Abstract: Bone is enzymatically debrided prior to undergoing further processing which renders the bone suitable for osteoprosthetic use.

Abstract: A method to obtain purified, well-defined cell populations from intact organs uses digestion of the distended organ with suitable proteolytic enzymes and harvest of the cell subpopulation by screening the effluent from treatment of the organ with physiologically compatible medium by a filtration screen permitting the passage of the desired cells or clusters of cells, but preventing the passage of larger particles. In this manner, physical/mechanical disruption of the cell population is unnecessary, and the cells or clusters are eased out of their structural matrix and harvested directly. Application of this method to the preparation of purified Islets of Langerhans from intact pancreas is described.

Abstract: A particulate proteinaceous product is prepared from waste raw protein-containing animal parts with a method and an apparatus having a mulling stage wherein the raw animal parts are reduced to a ground condition; a hydrolyzing stage wherein proteins in the ground animal parts are hydrolyzed to a predetermined extent to form an aqueous suspension, using either endogenous or supplementary proteolytic enzymes, and subsequently heated to inactivate the enzymes and convert fats in the suspension to oils; a screening stage wherein non-digestible solids are removed from the suspension; a concentration stage wherein extraneous oil is added to the suspension, the suspension is pasteurized, and a large portion of the water is removed therefrom; and an oil-separation stage wherein sufficient oil is removed to form the product.

Abstract: Controlled enzymatic treatment may be used to selectively degrade undesirable contaminants to a size or charge range which can be more readily removed by subsequent separation steps. Treatment is especially useful for purifying rDNA or monoclonal antibody culture products by using nuclease enzyme treatment to degrade undesirable residual nucleic acids to a molecular size or charge range sufficiently different from the product to be purified so that this difference can be exploited in a subsequent purification step (e.g. precipitation, size exclusion chromatography or ion exchange chromatography). The nuclease enzyme treatment is done in the presence of a detergent.

Abstract: Procedures are disclosed for eliminating immune competent cells from a population of human epidermal cells. The cells free of immune competent cells are used for growing tissue sheets suitable for transplantation to recipients unrelated to the donor.

Abstract: The invention teaches a method and kit for purifying nucleic acid, such as DNA, from a sample, such as lysed cell or tissue sample. A sample is applied to an anionic exchange matrix column uniformly distributing the sample therein. The column bed is then washed with a weak ionic salt solution which is then removed. The anionic exchange material is optionally primed with an amount strong ionic salt solution which is insufficient to elute the nucleic acid from the column. The priming solution is then removed. An elution buffer is added either directly after the washing step or after the priming step. This is also a strong ionic salt solution of an ionic salt. The elution buffer removes the purified nucleic acid from the material. The method permits purification of nucleic acids without using organic solvents, and, if the priming step is used, in more concentrated form. Uniform distribution of the sample via disturbance of the matrix or column facilitates the purification.

Abstract: Enzymes isolated from krill of the order Euphausiaceae are used to remove biological contaminants. Preferably, a mixture of enzymes including exo-and endopeptidase is isolated. The enzymes can be used in laundering or to clean or debride living tissue. Isolation may be carried out by homogenizing krill and extracting the enzymes with an aqueous medium. The enzymes may be further purified by gel chromatography. After lipids have been removed, the enzymes can be lyophilized for long time storage.

Abstract: Bone is enzymatically debrided prior to undergoing further processing which renders the bone suitable for osteoprosthetic use.

Abstract: A substantially purified human chorionic gonadotropin releasing factor (hCG-RF) which is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight between about 50,000 and about 70,000. This hCG-RF is capable of stimulating release of human chorionic gonadotropin as well as prostaglandins, particularly from human term placental cultures. This hCG-RF is capable of degrading GnRH and is isolatable from human placenta, preferably term placenta. Such hCG-RF may be used to affect a state of pregnancy, particularly mammalian pregnancy. This effect upon pregnancy may comprise the induction of a normal labor.

Abstract: Fragments of a biopsy sample on the order of about 50 to 5000 cells are preferred for establishing viable tumor cell cultures for purposes such as establishing cell lines, chemotherapeutic assays and the like. Such fragments retain the three-dimensional cellular structure or organization of the original tumor and, therefore, can be cultured more readily. To obtain such fragments suitable for culturing, the biopsy sample can be enzymatically digested in a proteolytic or nucleolytic enzyme, such as collagenase, or by mechanical dissociation, or both where necessary. The fragments can then be suspended in an aqueous medium so that non-aggregated cells (e.g., red blood cells, lymphocytes, macrophages) and cellular debris will form a supernatant while the remaining fragments containing aggregated tumor cells are deposited in a sediment layer.

Abstract: A method for detection of occult blood in a fecal sample which comprises acting a glycosidase type bacteriolytic enzyme on the fecal sample and subjecting the resulting fecal sample to simultaneous detection of hemoglobin, preferably in combination with transferrin, by an immunological measurement procedure.

Abstract: A medicinal composition, particularly but not exclusively for use in fluids for medical dialysis, contains, as an agent for maintaining the osmolality of the fluid, a protein hydrolysate resulting from the action of a proteolytic enzyme on the sodium caseinate fraction of milk protein. The enzyme is preferably trypsin but other proteolytic enzymes and enzyme mixtures may be used, examples being chymotrypsin, pancreatin and pronase.The method of production involves treating the sodium caseinate in aqueous medium with the enzyme at the appropriate pH and temperature for optimum enzyme activity. The product of the enzymic hydrolysis, after filtration through a bacterial filter, adjustment of the osmolality to an appropriate level of around 300 mOsm/Kg and the pH to physiological level of about 6.6 and addition of physiological salt levels, constitutes the final product.

Abstract: A biochemical procedure for identification and characterization of cells in a biopsy or sample of a body fluid. The method can be used to determine cell type, i.e. epidermal, neuronal; tissue of origin, i.e. breast tissue, liver tissue; and degree of abnormality. The procedure can also be used to make antibodies and hybridization probes to detect cell or tissue specific antigens and nuclear matrix associated nucleic acids in cellular material and body fluids.The procedure is based on the isolation and analysis of the components of a specific subcellular protein fraction referred to here as the "nuclear matrix". The nuclear matrix includes proteins and nuclear matrix associated DNA specific to different cell types. These proteins and nucleic acids are altered or new ones expressed as a result of viral infection, genetic defects or malignancy.

Abstract: A biochemical procedure for diagnosis of three important properties of cells in a biopsy or blood sample: tumor type i.e., the tissue type that has become neoplastic; tissue of origin if the tumor has arisen from a metastasis; and degree of malignancy. The procedure can also be used to obtain antibodies which can be used to determine tissue of origin by immunostaining and to detect tumor antigens appearing in blood by radioimmunoassay.The procedure consists of isolating and analyzing components of a specific subcellular fraction referred to here as the "nuclear matrix". The nuclear matrix consists of proteins specific to different cell types and nuclear matrix associated DNA. The electrophoretic pattern of the proteins and restriction endonuclease digested DNA is unique and reproducible within a particular cell type and is therefore useful in diagnosing cell type. Changes in these patterns following transformation to a malignant phenotype provide additional diagnostic information.

Abstract: A diagnostic method for neurological and psychiatric disorders utilizes the cerebrospinal fluid incubated in the presence of 32-P labelled ATP and an appropriate protein kinase. After termination of the reaction, a sample is applied to gels for electrophoresis. Subsequent autoradiography results in a disease-specific protein pattern that can be used for diagnosis of disorders such as Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, Parkinson disease, dystonia ataxia, schizophrenia, epilepsy brain tumors, brain irradiation, head trauma, and acute and chronic encephalitic and vascular disease.

Abstract: A method of producing intact islets of Langerhans in an insulin producing condition uses a mixture of Hank's solution and 10% by volume fetal calf serum to ductally distend the human pancreas. The exocrine tissue of the pancreas is digested at about 37.degree. C. by an enzyme preparation of collagenase, trypsin and proteolytic enzyme present in the mixture at a level of about 0.2% by weight. The digestion is monitored at regular intervals during the process. The digested pancreas is comminuted, filtered and intact islets of Langerhans are recovered. The recovered islets retain their insulin producing properties.

Abstract: Aqueous suspensions of fibrillar atelopeptide collagen and osteogenic factor are effective injectable preparations for the repair of bone defects.

Abstract: Enzymes from animals belonging to the order Euphausiaaceae are used for cleaning. Preferably, an enzyme mixture containing exo-and endopeptidases from krill are used. Living tissue can be cleaned or debrided with the enzyme mixture, isolation of the enzymes may be carried out by homogenizing krill and extracting with an aqueous medium. Further purification can be by gel chromatography. Enzymes from which lipids have been extracted may be lyophilized for long time storage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for carrying out a degradation in an anaerobic medium, such as a methanogenesis, of organic products, by-products or waste from human, animal and/or plant origin, involving feeding said products to be degraded into a closed fermentation vessel, forcing said products to flow in a direction of circulation within said vessel and recovering the gas produced called biogas evolved above said body of degraded products, with the feeding and/or discharge of the products performed pneumatically, preferably through pneumatic thrust and, according to a preferred embodiment, by injection of gas, preferably biogas. A further improvement comprises using the biogas produced for homogenizing said body of products contained within said vessel, the pressure of injection being in relation to the actual density of the products, in the injection related section.

Abstract: A biochemical procedure for identification and characterization of cells in a biopsy or sample of a body fluid. The method can be used to determine cell type, i.e. epidermal, neuronal; tissue of origin, i.e. breast tissue, liver tissue; and degree of abnormality. The procedure can also be used to make antibodies and hybridization probes to detect cell or tissue specific antigens and nuclear matrix associated nucleic acids in cellular material and body fluids.The procedure is based on the isolation and analysis of the components of a specific subcellular protein fraction referred to here as the "nuclear matrix". The nuclear matrix includes proteins and nuclear matrix associated DNA specific to different cell types. These proteins and nucleic acids are altered or new ones expressed as a result of viral infection, genetic defects or malignancy.