Abstract: A biosensor for detecting an influenza A virus in a sample is disclosed, which includes: an influenza A virus antibody immobilized on a surface of Au—Fe3O4 composite; where the antibody binds with the influenza A virus in the sample, which converts 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-?-D-neuraminic acid (MUNANA) to 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), where the 4-MU emits green light at pH of 5.5-6.5; and wherein the 4-MU emits blue light at pH of 9.3-11.3. In the biosensor, 1,1?-oxalyldiimidazole chemiluminescence (ODI-CL) reagent may be utilized to emit the blue and green lights.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and devices for diagnosing and treating a viral infection in a subject and/or detecting a viral nucleic acid in a sample. In one example, a sample is treated in a first chamber and the sample is flowed into a second chamber, where any pathogenic nucleic acid is detected by oligonucleotides that are specific to the pathogen under test. Further, the oligonucleotides comprise a cleavage site for a restriction enzyme in the second chamber, which cleaves oligonucleotide-pathogenic nucleic acid hybrid resulting in the exposure of an enzyme that was being held by the oligonucleotide to its substrate, which generates a colorimetric and/or another visual readout.

Abstract: A method for chemically induced homing of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to a specific tissue or organ in a subject for either treatment or diagnosis of a medical condition, the method comprising administering to the subject an amount of a homing agent. The homing agent is at least one of a derivative of poly(ethylene glycol), or a derivative of phenothiazine. The EVs are homed to the homing agent in the subject.

Abstract: Methods and techniques to increase the reliability of detecting virus infections, particularly lymphotropism, to eliminate false negative reactions in testing blood for the presence of lymphotropic viruses during enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, and to better detect viruses with lymphotropism in biological materials having a concentration of virus particles lower than the sensitivity threshold of existing EIA and PCR methods, thereby making the techniques of the present invention more reliable.

Abstract: An organ-on-chip apparatus includes a first fluid channel, a second fluid channel, and an interface. Respective portions of the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel may extend parallel to and adjacent each other, and the interface may be disposed between the respective portions of the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel such that fluid exchange between the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel is via the interface. The first and second fluid channels may be defined in an extracellular matrix material.

Abstract: Improved high energy capacity designs for lithium ion batteries are described that take advantage of the properties of high specific capacity anode active compositions and high specific capacity cathode active compositions. In particular, specific electrode designs provide for achieving very high energy densities. Furthermore, the complex behavior of the active materials is used advantageously in a radical electrode balancing design that significantly reduced wasted electrode capacity in either electrode when cycling under realistic conditions of moderate to high discharge rates and/or over a reduced depth of discharge.

Abstract: There are provided methods and systems for detecting and/or quantifying an analyte. In particular, there are provided methods and systems for simultaneous detection and/or quantitation of two or more analytes in a sample. In some embodiments, there are provided colocalization-by-linkage assays on microparticles (CLAMP) comprising two sets of binders pre-assembled on a support, such that the two sets of binders are colocalized before contacting the sample.

Abstract: A method of detecting a nucleic acid including a) mixing a solution containing a carboxylic acid and/or a salt thereof, a cerium oxide support and a sample containing a nucleic acid to adsorb said nucleic acid to said cerium oxide support, b) separating said cerium oxide support on which said nucleic acid was adsorbed from the mixture obtained in a), c) collecting said nucleic acid by adding an eluent to said cerium oxide support on which said nucleic acid was adsorbed and separated in b), and d) detecting said nucleic acid collected in c) by a hybridization reaction or a nucleic acid amplification reaction.

Abstract: Sensors having an advantageous design and methods for fabricating such sensors are generally provided. Some sensors described herein have pairs of electrodes having radial symmetry, pairs of nested electrodes, and/or nanowires. Some embodiments relate to fabricating electrodes by methods in which nanowires are deposited from a fluid contacted with a substrate in a manner such that it evaporates and is replenished.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and more specifically to cationic intrinsically disordered antimicrobial peptides (CIDAMPs) and their use as disinfectants and therapeutic agents for the treatment of infections, especially as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by antibiotic resistant microorganisms.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are rapid real-time isothermal multiplex methods of detecting, identifying and quantifying bacterial, viral, and protozoan nucleic acids in a sample. These include contacting the sample with two or more sets of pathogen-specific reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification primers and novel oligofluorophores specific for the target bacterial, viral, and parasitic nucleic acids of interest such as human immunodeficiency virus, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, Yellow fever virus, hepatitis-B virus, Lassa fever virus, Plasmodium, hepatitis-C virus, hepatitis-E virus, dengue virus, Chikungunya virus, Japanese Encephalitis virus, Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus, Mycobacterium, West Nile virus, Cytomegalovirus, Parvovirus, Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Zika virus nucleic acids, under conditions sufficient to produce detectable real-time amplification signals in about 10 to 40 minutes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to probes and primers beneficial for conducting amplification assays, such as those including loop-mediated isothermal amplification reactions. Also described herein are methods for detecting targets using such probes and/or primers.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to analyzing yeast viability. More particularly, the invention relates to efficient and effective methods and compositions for accessing and measuring viability and concentration of yeast cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and devices for identifying and quantifying, including low abundance, nucleotide base mutations, insertions, deletions, translocations, splice variants, miRNA variants, alternative transcripts, alternative start sites, alternative coding sequences, alternative non-coding sequences, alternative splicings, exon insertions, exon deletions, intron insertions, or other rearrangement at the genome level and/or methylated nucleotide bases.

Abstract: Chromogenic conjugates for color-based detection of targets are described. The conjugates comprise a chromogenic moiety such as a rhodamine, rhodol or fluorescein. The chromogenic moiety is linked to a peroxidase substrate. The chromogenic conjugates can be used in immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization. The conjugates can be used to detect 1, 2, 3 or more targets in a sample by color.

Abstract: Methods of characterizing an analyte using a nanopore. One aspect features methods for characterizing a double-stranded polynucleotide using a nanopore, e.g., without using a hairpin connecting a template and a complement of the double-stranded polynucleotide. Another aspect features methods for characterizing an analyte using a tag-modified nanopore with increased sensitivity and/or higher throughput. Compositions and systems including, e.g., adaptors for attachment to double-stranded polynucleotides and tag-modified nanopores, which can be used in the methods are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to devices, systems, and methods for performing biological assays by using indicators that modify one or more optical properties of the assayed biological samples. The subject methods include generating a reaction product by carrying out a biochemical reaction on the biological sample introduced into a device and reacting the reaction product with an indicator capable of generating a detectable change in an optical property of the biological sample to indicate the presence, absence, or amount of analyte suspected to be present in the sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for determining whether a human immunodeficiency virus is resistant to a viral entry inhibitor. The methods are particularly useful for determining resistance to inhibitors that act by a non-competitive mechanism. In certain aspects, the methods comprise determining whether an HIV population is resistant to an HIV entry inhibitor, comprising determining a log-sigmoid inhibition curve comprising data points for entry of the HIV population in the presence of varying concentrations of the HIV entry inhibitor, wherein if the entry of the HIV population cannot be completely inhibited by the HIV entry inhibitor, the HIV population is resistant to the HIV entry inhibitor.

Abstract: Fluorescence imaging system designs are described that provide larger fields-of-view, increased spatial resolution, improved modulation transfer and image quality, higher spatial sampling frequency, faster transitions between image capture when repositioning the sample plane to capture a series of images (e.g., of different fields-of-view), and improved imaging system duty cycle, and thus enable higher throughput image acquisition and analysis for genomics and other imaging applications.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for analyzing samples, including for example, samples containing nucleic acids, antibodies, and/or antigens are described. The apparatus may include a frame having a cartridge receiver, two optical devices, thermal cycler, lysis assembly, hybridization heater, and sample transfer assembly. In use, the apparatus may perform multiple sample preparation and analysis processes within the same disposable cartridge including, for example, performing a PCR assay and immunoassay in the same cartridge.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for the mass testing of a population for an infection. Pooled sampling may be used to reduce the number of tests needed for effective community surveillance. Individual members may be sorted into pools via a probability of infection to minimize the tests needed to identify positive individuals. The detection limits of testing assays may be used to help determine an appropriate pool size. Taxonomy tables characterizing the solution space of the total tests needed based on different variables may be generated and/or used to make testing decisions. Simulations of mass testing schemes may be used to facilitate testing decisions. Systems may be used to coordinate data and/or automate one or more steps of the testing process. Long-term community surveillance strategies may use prevalence testing, periodic mass testing via sample pooling, and/or periodic single sample testing to contain the spread of a contagion.

Abstract: A non-invasive, transcutaneous, real-time viral detection device that is configured for self-administration, e.g., at a user's home. In one embodiment, and after positioning the device relative to the human body part (e.g., the user's finger), light sources in the device are activated (excited), and resulting data captured. In particular, a set of Raman spectra are collected from a configured set of emitters and detectors in the device and delivered to a nearby receiver, preferably wirelessly. The receiver filters and de-convolves the Raman spectra producing a data set representative of the constituent elements in the user's tissue of interest. The data set is applied against a statistical classifier, e.g., a neural network that has been trained to recognize and distinguish the absence or presence of viral components, e.g., C-19, or its associated blood-borne acute phase reactants.

Abstract: Systems and methods for rapid diagnostics related to the use of CRISPR effector systems and optimized guide sequences for detection of coronavirus, including multiplex lateral flow diagnostic devices and methods of use, are provided.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to immune treatment of a disease (e.g., an infectious disease) using a fusion protein in combination with an anti-chemorepellant agent. In particular, the fusion protein comprises an antigen-binding domain (e.g., an antibody or antibody fragment) and a stress protein domain.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for preventing and treating infection by Plasmodium sporozoites.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, methods for purifying high quality messenger RNA (mRNA) suitable for clinical use, without using any caustic or flammable solvents. The present invention is, in part, based on surprising discovery that mRNA can be successfully purified by selective precipitation and washing without using ethanol while maintaining integrity and high purity of mRNA. Thus, the present invention provides an effective, reliable, and safer method of purifying RNA from large scale manufacturing process therapeutic applications without using any caustic or inflammable solvents.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides a biomimetic organ model, and methods of its production and use. In one exemplary embodiment, the biomimetic organ model can be a multi-layer model including a at least two microchannels and at least one chamber slab with at least one membrane coated with cells disposed between at least one microchannel and the at least one chamber slab. In another exemplary embodiment, the biomimetic organ disease model can be a five-layer model including a first and second microchannel with a membrane-gel layer-membrane coated or encompassing cells disposed between the microchannels. In certain embodiments, at least one device can be coupled to the biomimetic organ model that delivers an agent to at least one microchannel.

Abstract: This disclosure provides oligomers, compositions, and kits for detecting and quantifying Hepatitis C virus (HCV), including different genotypes and variants thereof, and related methods and uses. In some embodiments, oligomers target the 5? untranslated region of HCV and are configured to provide substantially equivalent quantification of different genotypes and variants of HCV.

Abstract: The present specification disclose methods and uses for the treatment of a vasculitic syndrome. The disclosed methods comprise administering a composition comprising a Proteinase 3 (PR3) inhibitor to a patient in need thereof. Also disclosed are compositions comprising a PR3 inhibitor disclosed herein for use in the treatment of a vasculitic syndrome as well as use of a composition comprising a PR3 inhibitor disclosed herein in the treatment of a vasculitic syndrome. The present specification also discloses use of a composition comprising a PR3 inhibitor disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a vasculitic syndrome.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel genetic arrays for use in the molecular detection of multiple Salmonella serovars, common food-borne and water-borne pathogens. The arrays may be used to simultaneously detect multiple food safety Salmonella serovars. The multiplex-detection methods have improved sensitivity and specificity for the detection of multiple high-impact food-borne pathogens simultaneously. Real-time PCR assaying techniques using such serovars include microarrays.

Abstract: A universal antibody-mediated biosensor is provided that comprise a biosensor cell line stably expressing a novel chimeric fusion protein that can be used to detect target agents in a sample. The fusion protein has an extracellular antibody-binding domain that binds antibodies without regard to their binding specificity and a signaling domain that induces cellular activation upon antigen binding. Because the fusion protein binds to the Fc region of any antibody, it can serve as a universal pathway between extracellular signaling and intracellular activation. The biosensor can be used to detect the presence of selected antigens in a sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a reporter assay for rapid and simultaneous bacterial identification and phenotype testing for antimicrobial susceptibility (AST). The current invention uses a strategy that has shown the ability for multiplexing and for handling polymicrobial samples for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to anti-polyomavirus antibodies, antibody fragments, and their uses for the prevention and treatment of BK or JC virus infection and associated diseases.

Abstract: A control system for an LED array includes a pulse width modulator to supply signals having rising edges and a falling edges to the plurality of LEDs. A plurality of parasitic capacitance discharge circuit elements connected in parallel between the pulse width modulator and the respective LEDs.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the field of bio/chemical sensing, assays and applications. Particularly, the present invention is related to collecting a small amount of a vapor condensate sample (e.g. the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from a subject of a volume as small as 10 fL (femto-Liter) in a single drop), preventing or significantly reducing an evaporation of the collected vapor condensate sample, analyzing the sample, analyzing the sample by mobile-phone, and performing such collection and analysis by a person without any professionals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to means, methods and kits for the specific detection of the causing agent of powdery mildew on grapes, the fungus Erysiphe necator. More specifically, the methods according to the invention are quantitative methods based on quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Abstract: This document relates to materials and methods for treating cancer. For example, this document provides materials and methods for using PD-L1 targeting domains in bispecific chimeric polypeptides, chimeric transmembrane polypeptides, genetically modified viruses, nucleic acid vectors, and/or fusion-inducing cells to treat cancer.

Abstract: Provided are methods, assays, and kits for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as methods for stratifying subjects among higher and lower risk categories for having hepatocellular carcinoma, and methods of treating and managing treatment of subjects that are suspected or at risk of having hepatocellular carcinoma. Although previous work has attempted to address the need for a highly sensitive, early predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma by assessment of one or more biological factors, none have approached the degree of sensitivity that is required for clinically relevant determination of whether a subject, especially a non-symptomatic subject, has that condition. The present inventors have discovered that certain combinations of factors fulfill this need by conferring a high level of accuracy that was not previously attainable.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for analyzing a glucose state. A method may include identifying a target glucose state and an initial glucose state. The method may include calculating a target return path for a transition from the initial glucose state to the target glucose state. The target return path may comprise at least one intermediate glucose state associated with the transition from the initial glucose state to the target glucose state. The target return path may be calculated based on a hazard associated with the at least one intermediate glucose state of the target return path.

Abstract: A biopsy device includes a body, a needle, a tissue sample holder and a sensor. The needle extends from the body. The tissue sample holder is in communication with the needle to receive one or more tissue samples within a sample chamber defined by the tissue sample holder. The tissue sample holder includes a receiving cavity. The sensor is configured to detect x-rays. The receiving cavity is sized and shaped to receive the sensor such that the sensor is removably positioned within the tissue sample holder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the detection of a target nucleic acid sequence by a PTOCE-E (PTO Cleavage and Extension-dependent Extension) assay. The PTOCE-E assay of the present invention can reduce the non-target signal and increase the target signal as compared with the conventional PTOCE and PCE-SH methods, thereby enabling more accurate detection of the target nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for pre-treating swabs prior to collection of specimens to reduce false positive detections by immersing a swab in a liquid chemical pre-treating agent for a treatment period of time. Then the swab is removed and circulated in a rinse agent. The pre-treating agent may be an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, a bleaching agent (e.g. sodium hypochlorite solution) or a fluorescence suppressing dye (such as Evans blue, Trypan blue, or black dye).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for detecting a microorganism in a sample, the method comprising: a) filtering a sample through a filter to entrap any microorganisms present in the sample; b) treating the filter to release genomic material or DNA from the entrapped microorganisms; c) amplifying the genomic material or DNA released from the entrapped microorganisms; and d) identifying specific regions of the genomic material or DNA to determine the presence, identify the species or quantify the approximate number of any entrapped microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method of exosome analysis that can analyze exosome in a sample in a simple manner. The method of exosome analysis of the present invention is a method of analyzing exosome in a sample, including: an addition step of adding a first antibody that specifically binds to a first antigen contained in the exosome and a second antibody that specifically binds to a second antigen contained in the exosome to the sample; a reaction step of causing the first antigen to be reacted with the first antibody and the second antigen to be reacted with the second antibody; and a detection step of detecting a reaction between the first antigen and the first antibody and a reaction between the second antigen and the second antibody.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to find a marker by which progression of arteriosclerosis can be directly grasped, to thereby provide motivation for prevention or treatment of arteriosclerosis itself, and to provide means for accurately grasping condition of arteriosclerosis-related disease including arteriosclerotic disease. The invention provides a method for acquiring data on progression of arteriosclerosis, the method including determining a level of an antibody against SH3BP5 protein or a part thereof in a body fluid sample collected from a biological body, and a data acquisition kit for performing the data acquisition method.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to kits and methods for amplifying and detecting human papilloma virus (HPV) of genotype 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and/or 68 in a sample, which comprises a variety of combinations of forward oligonucleotide primers, reverse oligonucleotide primers, and oligonucleotide probes.

Abstract: The disclosed disclosure is related to methods, compositions, and kits for targeting Adenovirus, nucleic acid. Compositions include amplification oligomers and/or detection probe oligomers. Kits and methods comprise at least one of these oligomers. Methods include uniplex and multiplex amplification and detection reactions.

Abstract: Disclosed are the methods for fabricating holey graphene nanoplatelets using microwave irradiation to treat a dry graphite powder. In particular, the methods can be used to treat graphite intercalation compounds either with or without partial oxidation to obtain holey graphene nanoplatelets with predetermined hole size, hole edge shape, thickness and lateral dimension. The method does not involve any toxic reagents or metal-containing compounds, and without generating toxic byproducts, thus enabling a variety of eco-friendly applications.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a biological sample using an analyzer and an assay. The method comprises providing the assay for producing the signal. The assay has two or more predetermined number of components. Each of the predetermined components has a distinct relation between the intensive property and the signal. The method further comprises providing calibration samples with known values for the intensive property and measuring a calibration signal for each of the calibration samples. The method further comprises determining a calibration by fitting a calibration function to the calibration signal for each of the calibration samples and the known values for the intensive property. The calibration function is equivalent to a constant plus an exponential decay term for each of the predetermined number of components. The method further comprises measuring the signal of the sample using the analyzer and the assay, and calculating the intensive property using the calibration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a modified mRNA that is stabilised by sequence modifications and optimised for translation. The pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is particularly well suited for use as an inoculating agent, as well as a therapeutic agent for tissue regeneration. In addition, a process is described for determining sequence modifications that promote stabilisation and translational efficiency of modified mRNA of the invention.