Abstract: Provided herein are methods of detecting target analytes, such as nucleic acids, for example microRNAs using an enhanced Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA) method that employs probes tagged with tyramide-binding groups to amplify the effects of the TSA. The accessibility of the tyramide-binding groups, such as hydroxyphenyl groups, provides for large improvements in signal due to faster reaction with the radicals. The present invention further includes the application of the assay for detecting specific microRNAs.

Abstract: This invention relates, in part, to various compositions and methods for protecting the gastrointestinal microbiome from antibiotic disruption.

Abstract: Methods for screening of affinity reagents for many target proteins of interest simultaneously. Arrayed targets (e.g., peptide, protein, RNA, cell, etc.) are used in affinity selection experiments to reduce the amount of target needed and to improve the throughput of discovering recombinant affinity reagents to a large collection of targets.

Abstract: Water soluble light harvesting multichromophores that have an ultraviolet absorption maximum are provided. In some embodiments, the multichromophores include a conjugated segment including a fused 6-5-6 tricyclic co-monomer and a UV absorbance-modifying co-monomer. The multichromophores may include an acceptor chromophore covalently linked to the multichromophore in energy-receiving proximity therewith. In some embodiments, a specific binding member is covalently linked to the multichromophore. Also provided are methods of evaluating a sample for the presence of a target analyte and methods of labelling a target molecule using compositions including the light harvesting multichromophores. Kits and systems for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

Abstract: A sensing device comprises a plurality of magnetoresistive (MR) sensors, at least one fluidic channel, and detection circuitry coupled to the MR sensors. Each MR sensor is configured to detect the presence of molecules (e.g., biologic molecules) labeled by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The sensors are encapsulated by an insulating material that protects the sensors from the contents of the at least one fluidic channel. The insulating material has a surface within the fluidic channel that provides sites for binding the molecules to be detected. The detection circuitry is configured to detect (a) a characteristic of magnetic noise of each MR sensor, the characteristic being influenced by a presence or absence of one or more MNPs at each site, or (b) a change in resistance, current, and/or voltage drop of each MR sensor, wherein the change is influenced by the presence or absence of one or more MNPs at each site.

Abstract: Microfluidic methods for barcoding nucleic acid target molecules to be analyzed, e.g., via nucleic acid sequencing techniques, are provided. Also provided are microfluidic, droplet-based methods of preparing nucleic acid barcodes for use in various barcoding applications. The methods described herein facilitate high-throughput sequencing of nucleic acid target molecules as well as single cell and single virus genomic, transcriptomic, and/or proteomic analysis/profiling. Systems and devices for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method of making a flowcell includes bonding a first surface of an organic solid support to a surface of a first inorganic solid support via a first bonding layer, wherein the organic solid support includes a plurality of elongated cutouts. The method further includes bonding a surface of a second inorganic solid support to a second surface of the organic solid support via a second bonding layer, so as to form the flowcell. The formed flowcell includes a plurality of channels defined by the surface of the first inorganic solid support, the surface of the second inorganic solid support, and walls of the elongated cutouts.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleic acid probes, nucleic acid probe libraries, and kits for detecting, classifying, or quantitating components in a complex mixture of nucleic acids, such as a transcriptome, and methods of using the same. The invention also relates to methods of identifying nucleic acid probes useful in the probe libraries and to methods of identifying a means for detection of a given nucleic acid.

Abstract: Methods of making a three-dimensional matrix of nucleic acids within a cell is provided.

Abstract: In the case of using a blocking nucleic acid to prevent non-specific hybridization of a target nucleic acid with a nucleic acid probe, further excellent efficiency of detecting the target nucleic acid is achieved. A buffer composition used in hybridization of a target nucleic acid with a nucleic acid probe, wherein the buffer composition for hybridization contains a blocking nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a region comprising at least a non-detection target nucleotide in a non-target nucleic acid, in a concentration of one or more times higher than the concentration of a nucleic acid in a nucleic acid mixture consisting of the target nucleic acid and the non-target nucleic acid.

Abstract: There is described herein a method of prognosing or classifying a subject with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprising: (a) determining the expression level of at least 3 genes in a test sample from the subject selected from the group consisting of DNMT3B, ZBTB46, NYNRIN, ARHGAP22, LAPTM4B, MMRN1, DPYSL3, KIAAQ125. CDK6, CPXM1, SOCS2, SMIM24, EMP1, NGFRAP1, CD34, AKR1C3, GPR56; and (b) comparing expression of the at least 3 genes in the test sample with reference expression levels of the at least 3 genes from control samples from a cohort of patients; wherein a difference or similarity in the expression of the at least 3 genes in the test sample and the reference expression levels is used to prognose or classify the subject with AML into a low risk group or a high risk group for worse survival.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus that can manipulate, detect, and/or analyze single molecules, single small particles or single small samples of matter passing through a nanoscale gap within a nanofluidic channel of a detector.

Abstract: Presented herein are altered polymerase enzymes for improved incorporation of nucleotides and nucleotide analogues, in particular altered polymerases that maintain high fidelity under reduced incorporation times, as well as methods and kits using the same.

Abstract: A microfluidic chip, a method for driving a microfluidic chip and an analysis apparatus are provided. An exemplary microfluidic chip includes a substrate; a number of M driving electrodes disposed on a side of the substrate and arranged along a first direction; and a number of N signal terminals electrically connected to the number of M driving electrodes. Any three adjacent driving electrodes are connected to different signal terminals, respectively; a number of A of the number of M driving electrodes are connected to a same signal terminal; and M, N and A are positive integers, and M?4, N?3, M>N, and A?2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of diagnosing a kidney disorder in a patient, as well as methods of monitoring the progression of a kidney disorder and/or methods of monitoring a treatment protocol of a therapeutic agent or a therapeutic regimen. The invention also relates to assay methods used in connection with the diagnostic methods described herein.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and means for reliably releasing maternal and/or paternal DNA from single seeds without substantially affecting the subsequent germination of the seeds. The methods are particularly suited for genome analysis of small grain cereals, including wheat. The methods may include enzymatic treatments for improved DNA recovery.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for detection of target polynucleotides in a mixed sample by amplification of the target polynucleotide and detection in a nanopore device.

Abstract: The present disclosure provided methods and compositions for nucleic acid sequencing. In particular, the disclosure provides for detection of multiple different nucleotides in a sample utilizing fewer detection moieties than the number of nucleotides being detected and using two imaging events per sequencing cycle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for prognosing, diagnosing, determining the risk, and monitoring the evolution of a muscular dystrophy. It also relates to a method for evaluating the efficacy of a treatment of a muscular dystrophy in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Expression profiling of FFPE sample areas smaller than 2 mm2 with single-cell sensitivity, correlated with tissue microenvironment morphology and neoplastic grade. An automated digital molecular pathology instrument for integrated imaging, immunohistochemical assessment, and processing samples for sequence detection assays. Software for instrument and sample control and analysis.

Abstract: A missing value imputation device for imputing a missing value in collected data includes: an imputation processing unit that measures a period of time required for imputation process by conducting a simulation, and associates the required period of time with each multiplexing number at which data is to be multiplexed through a multiple imputation technique; a multiplexing number acquisition unit, when an allowable period of time allowed for the imputation process is designated, the multiplexing number acquisition unit acquiring the multiplexing number at which the imputation process is to be finished within the allowable period of time, on the basis of the associated required period of time; and a calculation technique determination unit that determines a calculation technique for the imputation process in response to the acquired multiplexing number.

Abstract: Methodologies for labeling the epigenetic modification 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) along a DNA molecule, and for determining a presence or a level of this epigenetic modification based on a ratio of fluorescence intensity of a labeled DNA sample to absorption intensity of the DNA sample at 260 nm are disclosed. Related compositions and reagents, and methods of preparing same are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating propionic acidemia (PA), methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) and fatty acid oxidation disorders are described. The methods include administering an anaplerotic agent that can directly enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle, such as a succinate derivative or pro-drug, for example trisuccinylglycerol (TSG). Methods of restoring tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function in a cell deficient for propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) or methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) by contacting the cell with a succinate derivative or pro-drug, such as TSG, are also described.

Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating to detecting neoplasia and particularly, but not exclusively, to methods, compositions, and related uses for detecting premalignant and malignant neoplasms such as colorectal cancer.

Abstract: Methods of detecting an interaction between a macromolecule and an interaction partner are described. Kits are also described.

Abstract: There is provided a multi-channel nanopore sensor having a plurality of independent nanopore sensors. Each independent nanopore sensor includes a nanopore disposed in a support structure. A fluidic connection is between a first fluidic reservoir, common to all of the independent nanopore sensors, and an inlet to the nanopore, with a first ionic solution of a first ionic concentration disposed in the first fluidic reservoir. A fluidic connection is between a second fluidic reservoir, common to all of the independent nanopore sensors, and an outlet from the nanopore, with a second ionic solution of a second ionic concentration, different than the first ionic concentration, disposed in the second fluidic reservoir. An electrical transduction element, disposed in contact with that ionic solution having a lower ionic concentration, is arranged at a site that produces an electrical signal indicative of electrical potential local to that ionic solution having a lower ionic concentration.

Abstract: Systems and methods rely on feedback from an active medical device or devices (e.g., neurostimulator coupled to sensing and stimulation elements such as electrodes) to assess the effectiveness of a patient's drug regimen. Such reliance may include analyzing characteristics in physiological data acquired by the medical device(s), for example, in the form of responses evoked from the patient by electrical stimulation waveforms. Systems and methods further involved adjusting one or more parameters according to which a combination therapy consisting of at least a drug regimen and an electrical stimulation therapy are delivered to a patient, in an effort to optimize the therapeutic effect of the combination. The adjustments may be automatically by one or more implanted or external hosts working together or alone, and/or with the input of a physician.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for generating a fluorescent photograph using a fluorescence microscope, wherein after a fluorescence image generated by the light of an optical channel is snapped, the fluorescent image generated by the light of the optical channel can be re-snapped and the original fluorescent image can be replaced with the re-snapped fluorescent image, without re-snapping a fluorescent image generated by the light of other optical channel which has already been snapped. Therefore, the time during which the sample is exposed to light is reduced, the sample is prevented from being bleached and the snapping time is saved.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for detection and discrimination of optical signals from a densely packed substrate. These have broad applications for biomolecule detection near or below the diffraction limit of optical systems, including in improving the efficiency and accuracy of polynucleotide sequencing applications.

Abstract: The contributions of different tissues to a DNA mixture are determined using methylation levels at particular genomic sites. Tissue-specific methylation levels of M tissue types can be used to deconvolve mixture methylation levels measured in the DNA mixture, to determine fraction contributions of each of the M tissue types. Various types of genomic sites can be chosen to have particular properties across tissue types and across individuals, so as to provide increased accuracy in determining contributions of the various tissue types. The fractional contributions can be used to detect abnormal contributions of a particular tissue, indicating a disease state for the tissue. A differential in fractional contributions for different sizes of DNA fragments can also be used to identify a diseased state of a particular tissue. A sequence imbalance for a particular chromosomal region can be detected in a particular tissue, e.g., identifying a location of a tumor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cell selection method including a sample preparation step of preparing a sample by performing staining of nucleic acid in each of cells by a first fluorescent dye; and hybridization with respect to an evaluation target region in DNA in each cell by an evaluation probe including a second fluorescent dye; a light receiving step of applying light to the sample and receiving fluorescence from the first fluorescent dye and fluorescence from the second fluorescent dye; and a selection step of selecting an analysis target cell on the basis of intensity of the fluorescence from the first fluorescent dye and intensity of the fluorescence from the second fluorescent dye, wherein the first fluorescent dye is a dye that emits fluorescence having a first wavelength, and the second fluorescent dye is a dye that emits fluorescence having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for enriching for multiple genomic regions using a first bait set that selectively hybridizes to a first set of genomic regions of a nucleic acid sample and a second bait set that selectively hybridizes to a second set of genomic regions of the nucleic acid sample. These bait set panels can selectively enrich for one or more nucleosome-associated regions of a genome, said nucleosome-associated regions comprising genomic regions having one or more genomic base positions with differential nucleosomal occupancy, wherein the differential nucleosomal occupancy is characteristic of a cell or tissue type of origin or disease state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device and method for testing a material for the presence of DNA. The system includes a centrifuge, a microchip performing cell lysis and an enclosure that contains an isothermal ballast material and chromogenic agent that melts at a specific temperature and displays a color change, respectively.

Abstract: A detection substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a nucleic acid detecting method are provided. The detection substrate includes at least one detection unit disposed on a base substrate, the detection unit including a first electrode, a second electrode and a colloid layer, the second electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate, the second electrode including at least one hollowed structure, the second electrode and the first electrode being insulated from each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode being configured to be applied with voltages respectively; the colloid layer at least disposed on the at least one hollowed structure of the second electrode, the colloid layer including a linker configured to be paired with a target nucleic acid.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide polypeptides, related materials and compositions, and methods for their use. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a monomeric Tamm-Horsfall Protein polypeptide, or a biologically active truncation thereof. Other embodiments provide polynucleotides encoding a polypeptide described herein, nucleic acid expression vectors including the polynucleotides, and recombinant host cells including the expression vector. Yet other embodiments provide pharmaceutical compositions including a polypeptide described herein. Also provided are methods for treating a renal disease, disorder, or condition in a subject and/or modulating an immune response in a subject.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to methods of detecting and quantifying methotrexate (MTX) in a sample. The methods disclosed herein decrease cross-reactivity and improve sensitivity of the detection.

Abstract: Method and compositions and kits for isolation, identification, and quantification of miRNAs and other small RNAs, including but not limited to, siRNAs, mRNAs, and snRNAs are disclosed. Methods of diagnosing a disease or its progression are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides non-natural reverse transcriptases for conducting reverse transcription. The non-natural reverse transcriptases herein may have increased thermostability and can conduct reverse transcription more efficiently than natural reverse transcriptases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for detection and discrimination of optical signals from a densely packed substrate. These have broad applications for biomolecule detection near or below the diffraction limit of optical systems, including in improving the efficiency and accuracy of polynucleotide sequencing applications.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods including a sonicator for sample preparation are provided. A sonicator may be used to mix, resuspend, aerosolize, disperse, disintegrate, or de-gas a solution. A sonicator may be used to disrupt a cell, such as a pathogen cell in a sample. Sample preparation may include exposing pathogen-identifying material by sonication to detect, identify, or measure pathogens. A sonicator may transfer ultrasonic energy to the sample solution by contacting its tip to an exterior wall of a vessel containing the sample. Multipurpose devices including a sonicator also include further components for additional actions and assays. Devices, and systems comprising such devices, may communicate with a laboratory or other devices in a system for sample assay and analysis. Methods utilizing such devices and systems are provided. The improved sample preparation devices, systems and methods are useful for analyzing samples, e.g. for diagnosing patients suffering from infection by pathogens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Thermus aquaticus (Taq) polymerase having a strand displacement activity in which an amino acid residue in a template DNA binding site of the DNA polymerase is substituted with an amino acid to increase a total charge in the site, a nucleic acid encoding the polymerase, a vector containing the nucleic acid, a transformant containing the vector containing the nucleic acid or the nucleic acid, a method for producing the polymerase, a method for amplifying nucleic acids utilizing the polymerase, and a kit containing the polymerase. According to the present invention, a DNA polymerase having a high thermostability, capable of efficiently replicating a long-strand of a template DNA, and having a strong strand displacement activity is provided.

Abstract: Aiming to provide a method capable of reciprocatingly delivering various liquids without bringing air into a microchannel, a detection system and a detection apparatus for implementation of this method. In order to achieve at least one of the above aims, provided is a method of inserting a pipette tip into a liquid injection portion of a detection chip including: the microchannel; the liquid injection portion connected to one end of the microchannel; and a reservoir connected to the other end of the microchannel, injecting and aspirating the liquid by the pipette tip, and reciprocatingly delivering the liquid into the microchannel.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure encompass methods of amplifying nucleic acid from one or more cells. In particular embodiments, the nucleic acid is amplified as amplicons in a linear manner. Specific embodiments include the removal or effective destruction of nonlinearly produced amplicons.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a biosensor for measuring glucose in a biological sample, which contains a filter unit formed of a cytoplasmic membrane, which allows selective permeation of glucose in a biological sample. The biosensor of the present disclosure, which contains the cytoplasmic membrane filter unit allowing selective permeation of glucose in the biological sample, exhibits high glucose detection sensitivity as compared to the commercially available blood sugar measuring sensors and also exhibits high glucose detection specificity despite the addition of signal-interfering substances such as fructose, xylose, maltose, cysteine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, galactose, etc. In addition, because he cytoplasmic membrane filter unit contained in the biosensor for measuring glucose of the present disclosure is not significantly affected by the moisture in the air, it can be applied to various products such as a disposable blood sugar test strip or an attachable or implantable glucose measuring device.

Abstract: Provided herein are improved delivery systems for oligonucleotides, said delivery system comprising a liposome that comprises neutral phospholipids and a P-ethoxy oligonucleotide, which targets a STAT3-encoding polynucleotide. Methods of treating patients with said delivery systems are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved peptides for inhibiting angiogenesis, Ac-RLYE (SEQ ID NO: 1) and R(D)LYE (SEQ ID NO: 6), and a composition for the prevention and treatment of cancers and diseases related to angiogenesis comprising the peptides as an active ingredient. A peptide for inhibiting angiogenesis is disclosed wherein the L-Arg of an N-terminal is acetylated in a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence of Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu (SEQ ID NO: 1). A peptide for inhibiting angiogenesis is disclosed wherein L-Arg is substituted with D-Arg in a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu (SEQ ID NO: 6). Methods for using a composition comprising the peptides as active ingredients for the prevention or treatment of diseases (cancer, diabetic retinopathy or senile macular degeneration) caused by excessive angiogenesis are also disclosed. The peptides have a long half-life and are excellent in VEGF-induced angiogenesis inhibitory effect.

Abstract: Provided are polynucleotides that find use, e.g., for detecting RNase activity. In certain embodiments, the polynucleotide comprises a tRNA operably linked to a pre-microRNA (pre-miRNA), and an aptamer that binds to a detectable label. According to some embodiments, the detectable label is a fluorescent dye, non-limiting examples of which include malachite green, tetramethylrosamine, sulforhodamine B, and a triphenylmethane dye. Also provided are compositions that include the polynucleotides of the present disclosure. Also provided are kits that include a polynucleotide of the present disclosure and a detectable label to which the aptamer of the polynucleotide binds.

Abstract: The invention provides novel FUS/TLS nucleic acids and proteins that comprise one or more genetic markers (for example, single nucleotide polymorphisms) and methods of use thereof including methods relating to the diagnosis of ALS or other related motor neuron disease by virtue of the presence of the mutant FUS/TLS sequence(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides, inter alia, methods for treating or ameliorating the effects of a disorder, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, by increasing or decreasing proline levels. Further provided are methods of predicting and monitoring the clinical response in a patient, and diagnostic systems for identifying a patient likely to benefit from proline modulation.