Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for the labeling of two or more targets with different labels. Specifically, disclosed are compositions for biotin and the protection of biotin within multilabel assays which employ the biotin-biotin binding protein binding relationship for each distinct label in relation to targets such as nucleic acids, polypeptides, antibodies or cells. These multilabel assays are enabled through the use of biotin with desthiobiotin, orthogonal protecting schemes for biotin, or a combination of the approaches.

Abstract: Provided herein is a modified method of agglutination to detect infections caused by microorganisms including the steps of staining the test serum, plasma or blood or purified antibodies with a protein stain; mixing serum, plasma or blood with stained antibodies with an equal quantity of colored antigen particles on a glass slide; adding diluted Antiglobulin conjugated with Biotin to the mixture; subjecting the mixture to the step of mixing, adding diluted Avidin (preferably tagged with a visible indicator) to the mixture and thoroughly mixing all the ingredients.

Abstract: A method for selecting combinations of drugs for treatment of diseases that arise from deranged signaling pathways is disclosed. The method involves measuring the activity states for signaling proteins in a diseased cell and determining whether the activity states are different from the activity states observed for a reference cell such as a normal cell. Based on the observed differences, combinations of two or more drugs are selected to reduce these differences. Treatment of a subject with the combinations restores the activity states of the signaling proteins of the deranged disease-associated signaling pathways toward the activity states observed in the reference cell. Since the diseased cell and the reference cell can both be obtained from the same subject, combinations of drugs that specifically target patient-specific signaling derangements is possible.

Abstract: The present invention includes assays and kits for detecting the assembly of an RNA binding protein-RNA complex and for detecting the activity of an RNA binding protein.

Abstract: The invention provides inexpensive kits and methods for determination of an analyte in a sample with very high sensitivity. Analyte can be determined using an analyte binding member such as an antibody or an oligonucleotide, which can be directly or indirectly linked to an enzyme. The kit and method uses a compound that is altered in the presence of the enzyme, and that precipitates into crystalline particulates. The reaction composition with crystalline particulates is placed between two polarizers which are in an orthogonal arrangement, and the presence of particulates is observed, correlating to the analyte in the sample.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery that MHC heavy chain monomers immobilized to a solid surface are still capable of forming detectable conformational epitopes and being detected by conformation-dependent antibodies. Methods for detecting peptide binding to HLA monomers, and methods for measuring the relative degree of binding between two MHC-binding peptides as well as a method of measurement for the rate of dissociation of peptides from MHC complexes are provided. The present invention also provides systems and kits useful for conducting the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided are a method for increasing an amount of streptavidin to be immobilized on the self-assembled monolayer and a sensor which comprises streptavidin immobilized with the method. The method of the current technology is characterized by that one molecule of an amino acid is interposed between the self-assembled monolayer and the molecule of streptavidin.

Abstract: Solid supports for chemiluminescent assays are provided. The solid support includes a plurality of probes covalently or physically attached to the support surface and a chemiluminescent enhancing moiety incorporated onto the surface or into the bulk of the support. The solid support can be a multi-layered support including an upper probe binding layer (e.g., an azlactone polymer layer or porous functional polyamide layer) adjacent to a cationic microgel layer. The azlactone-functional polymer can be a copolymer of dimethylacrylamide and vinylazlactone crosslinked with ethylenediamine. The cationic microgel layer can be a cross-linked quaternary onium salt containing polymer. A method and a kit for conducting chemiluminescent assays using the solid supports is also provided. The kit comprises a dioxetane substrate, a biopolymer probe-enzyme complex, and a solid support.

Abstract: Sensing compositions, sensing element, sensing systems and sensing devices for the detection and/or quantitation of one or more analytes, Compositions comprising carbon nanotubes in which the carbon nanotubes retain their ability to luminesce and in which that luminescence is rendered selectively sensitive to the presence of an analyte. Compositions comprising individually dispersed carbon nanotubes, which are electronically isolated from other carbon nanotubes, yet which are associated with chemical selective species, such as polymers, particularly biological polymers, for example proteins, which can interact selectively with, or more specifically selectivity bind to, an analyte of interest. Chemically selective species bind, preferably non-covalently, to the carbon nanotube and function to provide for analyte selectivity. Chemically selective species include polymers to which one or more chemically selective groups are covalently attached.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of novel biomarkers and biomarker combinations having utility in the early determination of an individual's critical and/or life threatening response to illness and/or in predicting outcome of said illness. The measurement of expression levels of the products of the biomarkers and combinations of biomarkers of the invention have utility in making the determination of an individual's critical and/or life threatening response to illness. In some embodiments, the biomarker and biomarker combinations are agnostic and are independent of the pre-identification and/or determination of the cause or nature of the illness. In some embodiments, the biomarkers and biomarker combinations can be utilized to select treatment and/or monitor the effectiveness of treatment interventions for an individual who has a critical illness.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the persistent modification of cell membranes with exogenous proteins so as to alter the function of the cell to achieve effects similar to those of gene therapy, without the introduction of exogenous DNA. DNA sequences, the proteins and polypeptides embodying these sequences are disclosed for modulating the immune system. The modulations include down-regulation, up-regulation and apoptosis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a convenient and effective means for quantifying an antigen-specific canine or human IgE.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a releasable conjugate comprising a biotinylated ligand having a biotin moiety, a ligand moiety (Ligand1) and a biotin-binding molecule (bbm) bound to the biotin moiety of the biotinylated ligand. The ligand moiety of the biotinylated ligand may be separated by a spacer group consisting of polyethylene glycol. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for cleaving the releasable conjugate by providing biotin or streptavidin and an auxiliary release agent in a sufficient concentration to displace the biotin-binding molecule (bbm) from the biotin moiety of the biotinylated ligand and a method for separation of target cells from a cell sample utilizing the conjugate.

Abstract: Synthetic protease substrates and methods which facilitate the identification of substrates of a protease, particularly ubiquitin, ubiquitin-like, or proteasome protein are provided.

Abstract: An in vitro assay method is disclosed. This non-cell-based dual function target binding assay is useful for detecting both an IgG target antibody, such as a biologic drug, in a biological sample (e.g., a serum sample) and the presence of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against the IgG target antibody.

Abstract: The present invention provides antibody-based arrays for detecting the activation state and/or total amount of a plurality of signal transduction molecules in rare circulating cells and methods of use thereof for facilitating cancer prognosis and diagnosis and the design of personalized, targeted therapies.

Abstract: Chemically reactive dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked with a water-soluble bridge, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. Reactive fluorescent dyes that have a water-soluble bridge are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally non-crosslinked dyes or the dyes that are crosslinked with a hydrophobic bridge. The invention includes reactive fluorescent dyes, their biological conjugates and uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid support having a heat-resistant biotin-binding protein attached thereto. The present invention also relates to the use of the solid support of the present invention having a heat-resistant biotin-binding protein attached thereto. The present invention further relates to technical fields such as purification, concentration, detection and/or capture of a biotin-linked substance by means of a heat-resistant biotin-binding protein. Such a biotin-binding protein used in the solid support of the present invention is heat-resistant and is therefore useful for use in assay systems involving exposure to a temperature of 70° C. or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compositions of binding moiety-nanoparticle conjugates, aggregates of these conjugates, and novel methods of using these conjugates, and aggregates. The nanoparticles in these conjugates can be magnetic metal oxides, either monodisperse or polydisperse. Binding moieties can be, e.g., oligonucleotides, polypeptides, or polysaccharides. Oligonucleotide sequences are linked to either non-polymer surface functionalized metal oxides or with functionalized polymers associated with the metal oxides. The novel compositions can be used in assays for detecting target molecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, in vitro or as magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents to detect target molecules in living organisms.

Abstract: A method for biosensing that includes passing, via convective flow, a sample believed to contain one or more target biomarkers through a microfluidic channel and over the surface of an optical waveguide that has been prepared to bind the one or more target biomarkers, and sensing for an emission output from the optical waveguide at a wavelength that is characteristic of the binding of the target biomarker. A biosensor device that includes a module defining at least one microfluidic channel, an optical waveguide exposed along at least a portion of its length to fluid flow within the microfluidic channel, where a surface of the optical waveguide being prepared to bind a target biomarker, and an excitation source to couple an excitation wavelength of light into the optical waveguide. The device also includes a sensor for detecting emission light from the optical waveguide at an emission wavelength characteristic of binding of the target biomarker.

Abstract: Modified branched polymers are combined with bioactive agents which are one member of a binding pair for use in an assay.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for early, sensitively and reliably detecting and distinguishing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in a malignant tumor occurring primarily in the liver in a simple way, and a kit thereof. In the method, a glycan biomarker consisting of a lectin WFA (Wisteria floribunda Agglutinin)-binding glycoprotein derived from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is used as a cancer marker to detect intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by detecting the cancer marker in a test specimen. The method for detecting intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma can clearly differentiate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma and enables early detection and determination with a performance clinically acceptable in terms of applicability, sensitivity and precision.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biomarkers and diagnostic methods for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The invention also provides compositions for detecting the biomarker as well as compositions and methods useful for treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract: Use of a latex of perfluorinated polymers having particles with an average diameter between 5 and 200 nm for determining the binding constant of two interacting molecular species by Laser Light Scattering (LLS), said polymeric particles comprising on the surface an amphiphilic non ionic surfactant, the same or a different surfactant ended with a receptor and a ligand interacting with the receptor.

Abstract: The invention provides improved crosslinkers which permit more efficient determination of protein interactions in biological samples.

Abstract: Non-saturated or non-saturated and orientated binding surfaces for an affinity assay are provided, as are methods and compositions for their preparation. The non-saturated or non-saturated and orientated binding surfaces may further comprise paramagnetic microparticles. The methods include methods for making ligand::support coupler-based complexes by a process optionally employing a low input ratio of ligand to support coupler, by dilution, and by methods employing a dispersion and/or coating step using a block copolymer. Specific examples employing biotin-BSA and biotin-ovalbumin binding surfaces are provided, as well as strepavidin-coated microparticles and microparticles coated with capture moieties such as biotinylated immunoglobulins or fragments thereof. Other examples couple a ligand to the solid surface. Further provided are dispersed microparticles and methods for making them.

Abstract: The present inventions relates to the monitoring or assaying of anti-bio-agent antibodies, such as anti-drug antibodies (ADA) in patients who may have developed an antibody response in treatments with immunoglobulin bio-agents.

Abstract: This invention is related to the field of the prevention and treatment of kidney disease. The treatment of kidney disease may be tailored depending upon the need for, or expectation of, long-term dialysis. For example, prediction of long-term dialysis treatment can be determined by monitoring urine biomarkers related to the development of chronic kidney disease. For example, a normalized time course of hyaluronic acid can be used to determine whether a patient having suffered acute kidney injury will require long-term dialysis.

Abstract: The method for quantitative determination of the level of natural autoantibodies in human biological fluids, when as a solid phase of physical sorption is used the solid phase of physical sorption, coated with streptavidin, and the solid phase of physical sorption is treated with preliminary biotinylated antigen and blocking agent for closing the sites of nonspecific binding at the solid phase of physical sorption, for which purpose are used proteins, biotinylated according to standard procedure. As the conjugate-containing solution are used enzyme-labeled monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, which react with one or all isotypes of human immunoglobulins. In addition, the tested biological fluid is preliminary diluted in a buffer, containing proteins which are used for closing the sites of nonspecific binding at solid phase of physical sorption, and also substances protecting natural autoantibodies from destruction during heat treatment, and subjected to heat treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the treatment of prostate cancer. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to compositions and methods for the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth, comprising inhibiting the activity of Stat5 in prostate cancer cells.

Abstract: It is disclosed herein that antibodies specific for preproproteins or preproteins, which are synthesized by certain types of cells or tissues, can be used in immunohistochemistry assays to discriminate between the intracellular component of the protein (including the preproprotein, preprotein and/or proprotein forms of the protein) from the secreted component of the same protein. Accordingly, provided herein is an immunohistochemical method for specific detection of the intracellular form of a protein in a biological sample using an antibody specific for the preproprotein or preprotein form of the protein. In particular examples, the protein is albumin or an immunoglobulin light chain. Also disclosed herein are preproprotein-specific ore preprotein-specific antibodies that can be used to detect specific cell types, tissue lesions or other pathological foci and metastases by IHC. In particular, antibodies that specifically bind human preproalbumin, but do not bind the secreted form of albumin are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing Cypridina luciferase labeled with hydrophilic biotin, characterized in that a biotin reagent containing a polyalkylene glycol structure as a spacer is reacted with Cypridina luciferase, and biotin-labeled Cypridina luciferase wherein a sugar chain in Cypridina luciferase has been biotinylated.

Abstract: The fusion protein comprising (1) a first region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18 and (2) a second region comprising an amino acid sequence for a polypeptide containing at least one cysteine residue for binding to other useful compound via the thiol group can be modified by chemical modification, and thus has a high catalytic ability for a luminescence activity and is highly available for general purposes.

Abstract: Methods for preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers and their use for detection of proteins and/or polypeptides in a sample are disclosed. The methods of preparation are based on selecting from available data bases an amino acid sequence of a protein/polypeptide target molecule; cleaving the sequence in-silico with at least one cleaving agent, producing fragments with known composition; selecting at least one such fragment comprising a unique epitope; preparing a synthetic peptide representing the unique epitope; and preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer comprising specific binding sites for the synthetic peptide. For detection of the target protein in a sample, the same cleaving agent used for the in-silico cleavage is used to cleave the target protein to form the specific peptide fragments to which the MIP is specific.

Abstract: The present invention is related to compositions useful for the measurement of free or unbound analyte concentrations in a fluid. The present invention includes the use of capture ligands and stabilizing agents to improve the accuracy of analyte concentration assays. Methods and tools for using the present invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: Generally, there is provided a method of determining risk of determining intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)/fetal growth restriction (FGR). The method comprises obtaining a sample from a pregnant woman, taking a measurement indicative of IGFBP-4 level in the sample, and determining that increased of IUGR/FGR exists if the IGFBP-4 level is elevated. The sample may be taken during the first trimester of pregnancy, and may comprise maternal serum. The measurement may be one of IGFBP-4 protein which may be made using an immunoassay, such as a Western blot or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Abstract: Disclosed are antibodies that selectively bind to blood coagulation factor FVIII, and highly sensitive immunological assays comprising these antibodies. Preferred assays can detect FVIII at about 3500-fold below the normal physiological levels, and have a wide array of applications including accurate monitoring of FVIII concentration in pharmaceutical products for treatment of blood coagulation disorders, and determination of FVIII levels in plasma of human patients, including those with blood coagulation disorders such as hemophilia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of detecting Anti-Drug Antibodies. The present invention also relates to methods of monitoring patients undergoing therapeutic antibody treatment. The invention further relates to kits suitable for the implementation of the above methods.

Abstract: The present invention related to a pregnancy test device that can selectively detect hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-H) in a liquid sample. The sample can be deposited on a proximal portion of the device for transport to a distal portion of the device. The device can include a release medium formed of a first material and including a detectable label thereon and a capture medium, including a capture site, in fluid communication with the release medium and formed of a second, different material. At least one of the release medium and the capture medium includes a binding member that exhibits a moderate to high affinity for hCG-H and is selectively or preferentially reactive with hCG-H.

Abstract: In sandwich-type immunoassays that capture a protein analyte between a capture antibody, typically bound to a solid phase, and a detection antibody that is coupled to a reporter group, the number of reporter groups associated with each molecule of analyte is increased by a variety of methods that utilize avidin-biotin-type binding in conjunction with such features as immunological binding to the reporter group on the detection antibody or multiple biotin-avidin-type binding sites.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for the rapid and sensitive detection of post-translationally modified proteins, and particularly of those with post-translational glycosylations. The methods can be used to detect O-GlcNAc posttranslational modifications on proteins on which such modifications were undetectable using other techniques. In one embodiment, the method exploits the ability of an engineered mutant of ?-1,4-galactosyltransferase to selectively transfer an unnatural ketone functionality onto O-GlcNAc glycosylated proteins. Once transferred, the ketone moiety serves as a versatile handle for the attachment of biotin, thereby enabling detection of the modified protein. The approach permits the rapid visualization of proteins that are at the limits of detection using traditional methods. Further, the preferred embodiments can be used for detection of certain disease states, such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and methods for the treatment, inhibition and/or reduction, and detection of metastatic tumors. In some embodiments, the inventive methods include systemic (e.g., intravenous) administration of a chlorotoxin agent that may or may not be labeled. In some embodiments, the inventive methods allow treatment, inhibition and/or reduction, and detection of metastases in the brain. In some embodiments, neovascularization is inhibited and/or newly formed vessels are caused to regress.

Abstract: The invention concerns anti-clusterin oligoclonal antibodies able to recognize and bind in a selective and specific way antigenic epitopes of clusterin isoforms to be used in tumors diagnosis and in the prediction of their malignancy grade, diagnostic method and related kits.

Abstract: The technology provided herein generally relates to reusable detection surfaces and methods for reusing a detection surface after using the detection surface in an assay for an analyte.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the treatment of prostate cancer. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to compositions and methods for the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth, comprising inhibiting the activity of Stat5 in prostate cancer cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are chondroitin sulfate inhibitors, including modulators of glycosylation, and/or sulfation of galactose or N-acetyl galactosamine glycosaminoglycans.

Abstract: This invention provides devices and methods for detecting an analyte suspected to be present in a sample. The subject devices and methods are particularly useful for performing immunoassays on a variety of analyte, especially those present in a bodily fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new method for reversible staining and functional isolation or characterization of cells, e.g. antigen-specific T cells. With this technique, the original functional status of cells can be substantially maintained after their identification and purification. Thus, this new method is of broad benefit for basic research and clinical applications.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for detecting interactions between phage and antigen or antigen and antibody using biosensors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting specific target-cells in a simple and time saving way, using paramagnetic particles, antibodies recognizing the Fc portions of target-cell associating antibodies and target-cell associating antibodies directed to specific antigen determinants in the target-cell membranes. Incubation of the cell suspension with a mild detergent and/or second set of antibodies or antibody fragments, prelabeled or not with fluorescent agents, metallocolloids, radioisotopes, biotincomplexes or certain enzymes allowing visualization, with dramatically increase the specificity of the method. The method can further be used for isolation of the target-cells by magnetic field application and kit for performing the method according to the invention is described.