Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of redox agents for purification of the CRM 197 variant of diphtheria toxin. The invention further relates to multi-step purification of CRM 197 from bacterial fermentates.

Abstract: This invention provides a biomolecule modifying substrate comprising biomolecules selectively fixed to given regions thereon. The biomolecule modifying substrate comprises: a substrate at least comprising a first surface and a second surface; a first linker molecule comprising a hydrocarbon chain and a functional group capable of selectively binding to the first surface at one end of the hydrocarbon chain, which is bound to the first surface via such functional group; a second linker molecule comprising a reactive group capable of binding to the hydrocarbon chain of the first linker molecule, which is bound to the first linker molecule via a bond between the reactive group and the hydrocarbon chain; and a biomolecule bound thereto via the second linker molecule.

Abstract: Devices having an electromagnetic detector for the detection of analytes are disclosed. The devices include an electromagnetic detector, including effective inductance-change magnetic detectors, and a binding moiety. The device can include an electromagnetic material that can be detected by the detector. The device is configured such that binding of an analyte to the binding moiety changes the relationship between the electromagnetic detector and the electromagnetic material such that a change in electromagnetic field is detected by the electromagnetic detector.

Abstract: Semiconductor nanoparticle complexes comprising semiconductor nanoparticles in association with cationic polymers are described. Also described are methods for enhancing the transport of semiconductor nanoparticles across biological membranes to provide encoded cells. The methods are particularly useful in multiplex settings where a plurality of encoded cells are to be assayed. Kits comprising reagents for performing such methods are also provided.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To provide a reagent for measuring agglutination by using a reaction accelerator, which causes no spontaneous agglutination of receptor-sensitized carrier particles in the coexistence of these carrier particles, and a measurement method. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A reagent for measuring agglutination by using a specific amine compound, whereby aggregation based on a specific reaction can be accelerated without causing spontaneous agglutination of carrier particles, and measurement method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to affinity biosensing using polarization of light scattering of aggregated noble metallic nanostructures to determine concentration of an analyte in a test sample. This new sensing system utilizes the changes in polarized plasmonic scattering from nanostructures as the nanostructures aggregate due to binding of the analyte to a binding partner attached to the surface of the metallic nanostructure.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing an amount of Protein A to be immobilized on the self-assembled monolayer. Immobilizing Protein A to the self-assembled monolayer through the structure represented following formula (II) obviates the object.

Abstract: A membrane-coated particle composition and methods comprising a particle surrounded by a native cell membrane are disclosed. The cell membrane may contain selected receptors or binding components. At least a portion of the receptors or binding components are oriented on the membrane-coated particle in the same or similar orientation as in the native cell membrane. The membrane-coated particle(s) finds use, for example, in contexts of basic research, proteomics, drug discovery, drug delivery, medical diagnostics, and aspects of patient care.

Abstract: A method for determining the binding constant of interacting molecular species comprises the use of flat surfaces comprising perfluorinated polymers and measurements of reflected light intensity. The surfaces comprise at least one molecule with the receptor function absorbed or immobilized on the surface and at least one ligand that interacts with the receptor.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing an amino-containing material to a substrate is described. The method involves providing a tethering compound with two reactive groups: a substrate reactive group and a fluoroalkoxycarbonyl group. The method further involves preparing a substrate-attached tethering group by reacting the substrate reactive group of the tethering compound with a complementary functional group on the surface of a substrate. The substrate-attached tethering group has a fluoroalkoxycarbonyl group that can be reacted with an amino-containing material to form an immobilization group that connects the amino-containing material to the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antibody-immobilized carrier that can be used in antibody screening, a method of producing the antibody-immobilized carrier, and use of the antibody-immobilized carrier. Efficient antibody screening can be carried out particularly by an antibody-immobilized carrier including two or more antibody immobilized regions onto each of which a heavy-chain low-molecular-weight antibody and a light-chain low-molecular-weight antibody are separately immobilized, the two or more antibody immobilized regions each being included in an independent manner, the heavy-chain low-molecular-weight antibody including a heavy-chain variable region, the light-chain low-molecular-weight antibody including a light-chain variable region, the heavy-chain low-molecular-weight antibody and the light-chain low-molecular-weight antibody each being derived from an antibody recognizing a different antigen.

Abstract: An affinity chromatography packing material includes porous mother particles that include a copolymer of a monomer mixture including a crosslinkable vinyl monomer and an epoxy group-containing vinyl monomer, a ligand being bound to the porous mother particles, and the porous mother particles including a ring-opening epoxy group produced by ring-opening of the epoxy group included in the porous mother particles.

Abstract: Substrates comprising a solid support, a ligand, and a linker comprising at least one C, O, N, or S atom covalently connecting the solid support to the ligand, are disclosed, along with methods of using and making the substrates, and devices including the substrates.

Abstract: Test kit for the detection of an analyte in an aqueous solution, including chromatographic test strips for a hapten-antihapten complex and first and second standardized vessels for receiving and positioning test strips, which include first and second hapten-coupled receptors against the analyte dried onto the interior wall for the formation of the hapten-antihapten complex, where a portion of the standardized vessels further include a known amount of analyte embedded in a glass-like layer of trehalose, which are dried onto the interior wall of the control vessel so that they dissolve during reaction of the sample with the hapten-coupled receptors. Through this standardization, analytes in unknown samples may be safely detected by immunochromatography within minutes through a hapten-antihapten complex.

Abstract: Hydrophilic, chemiluminescent acridinium compounds containing zwitterions are disclosed. These acridinium compounds, when used as chemiluminescent labels in immunochemistry assays and the like, exhibit decreased non-specific binding to solid phases and provide increased assay sensitivity.

Abstract: A method for preparing lymphocytes characterized in that the method comprises the step of carrying out expansion in the presence of (a) fibronectin, a fragment thereof or a mixture thereof, (b) a CD3 ligand, and (c) a CD28 ligand.

Abstract: There is provided a biochip stamping device. The biochip stamping device includes a stamping jig in which a first biochip is aligned; an inverting mechanism vertically inverting a second biochip; and a movement mechanism transferring the vertically inverted second biochip on the stamping jig to combine the first biochip and the second biochip.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a biochip with a three-dimensional structure. The surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous layer is chemically modified to recognize labeled DNAs, proteins, peptides, saccharides, and cells. In addition, this invention also discloses a method for preparing the biochip with a three-dimensional mesoporous layer, including a blending process, a heating process, a coating process, a gelation process, a cleaning process, a drying process, and a surface modification process.

Abstract: A diagnostic marker is composed of particles that have a diameter of from 1 nm to 100 ?m, the particles possessing on their surfaces a site that has a high specific bonding ability to a specific antigen residing on the mucosa of digestive cancers and a site that has a low bonding ability to the mucosa of digestive organs, and further incorporating an identification material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a separation matrix comprised of porous particles to which antibody-binding protein ligands have been immobilized, wherein the ligand density is in the range of 5.0-10 mg/ml; the gel phase distribution coefficient of the particles expressed as Kav for a dextran of size 110 kDa is above 0.65 and the median particle diameter is between 65-84 ?m. The carbohydrate material is preferably highly cross-linked agarose.

Abstract: An osteochondral plug includes a first scaffold and a second scaffold. The first scaffold may be a solid scaffold containing one or more pendant reactive functional groups. The second scaffold capable of reacting with the one or more pendant reactive functional groups of the first scaffold.

Abstract: The subject of this invention is a process for detection of analytes from biological samples comprising the following process steps: a) Preparation of a reversible binding partner 1 that is immobilized on a solid phase, to which an analyte binder is reversibly bonded via a reversible binding partner 2 that is bonded to the analyte binder, whereby the analyte binder is immobilized by binding between the reversible binding partners 1 and 2, b) Addition of the biological sample and binding of the analyte to the reversible immobilized analyte binder in the case that the biological sample contains the analytes, c) Separation of the biological sample, d) Addition of a dissolving buffer, which dissolves the binding between the reversible binding partners 1 and 2, whereby the binding of the analyte to the analyte binder remains optional, and e) Detection of the analyte in the dissolving buffer in the case that the biological sample contains the analytes and determination of the absence of the analyte in the case t

Abstract: Devices comprising functionalized materials, and embodiments of a method for making and using such devices, are disclosed. Exemplary devices include ophthalmic devices, nanoparticles, quartz crystal microbalances, microarrays, and nanocomposites. In particular embodiments, device surfaces are modified with monomers and/or polymers, typically carbohydrate monomers and/or polymers. Embodiments of a method for making and using such devices are disclosed. Monomers and/or polymers are covalently bonded to surfaces using functionalized perhalophenylazides. In some embodiments, device surfaces are functionalized with a perhalophenylazide. One or more monomers and/or polymers subsequently are covalently bonded to the device surface using the perhalophenylazide. In other embodiments, monomers and/or polymers are derivatized with a functionalized perhalophenylazide. The derivatized monomers and/or polymers then are covalently bonded to the device surface using the perhalophenylazide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the measurement of active alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) in a sample, comprising the steps of binding elastase to a solid support, letting the A1PI contained in the sample bind to the solid phase-bound elastase, and detecting solid phase-bound A1PI with a detection reagent.

Abstract: Functionalized solid support material with biomolecule-binding groups and uses thereof, wherein the biomolecule-binding groups include a plurality of aromatic groups, an amine group which bonds to a biomolecule through an aldehyde group, a hydrazine group which bonds to a biomolecule through an aldehyde group, or an alpha,beta-ethylenically or acetylenically unsaturated group with an electron withdrawing group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biosensors, in particular to surface-enhanced Raman biosensors for detection of in vivo and ex vivo analytes. In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the in vivo detection of analytes such as glucose.

Abstract: A method for differentiating between a post-translationally modified peptide and a peptide contained in a sample, comprising: (a) contacting the sample with a peptide attachment surface to create a peptidized surface, wherein the sample includes at least one functional group; (b) contacting the peptidized surface with a recognition reagent that selectively binds or forms a complex with the post-translationally modified peptide in the sample to provide an incubated surface; and (c) contacting a liquid crystal with the incubated surface and detecting presence of post-translationally modified peptide in the sample with the liquid crystal.

Abstract: Ligand Drug conjugate compounds comprising a ?-glucuronide-based linker and methods of using such compounds are provided.

Abstract: Modified branched polymers are combined with bioactive agents which are one member of a binding pair for use in an assay.

Abstract: A capillary for an immunoassay is provided which comprises an insoluble layer of an oxidase formed on an inner wall surface of said capillary, said oxidase being conjugated to a first antibody, and a layer of a hydrophilic polymer formed on said insoluble layer, said hydrophilic polymer layer containing a second antibody conjugated to a peroxidase, wherein said first and second antibodies are capable of binding to the same antigen.

Abstract: Use of a latex of perfluorinated polymers having particles with an average diameter between 5 and 200 nm for determining the binding constant of two interacting molecular species by Laser Light Scattering (LLS), said polymeric particles comprising on the surface an amphiphilic non ionic surfactant, the same or a different surfactant ended with a receptor and a ligand interacting with the receptor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a reagent for detection of analyte in a sample and process of preparation of the reagent. The reagent comprises heparin and substrate coated with the analyte-counterpart. The analyte-counterpart of the reagent is capable of binding to said analyte. The present disclosure further provides a process for detection of an analyte in a sample by contacting said sample with said reagent and detecting formation of analyte-analyte counterpart complex. The present disclosure provides a kit for detection of an analyte in a sample.

Abstract: Non-saturated or non-saturated and orientated binding surfaces for an affinity assay are provided, as are methods and compositions for their preparation. The non-saturated or non-saturated and orientated binding surfaces may further comprise paramagnetic microparticles. The methods include methods for making ligand::support coupler-based complexes by a process optionally employing a low input ratio of ligand to support coupler, by dilution, and by methods employing a dispersion and/or coating step using a block copolymer. Specific examples employing biotin-BSA and biotin-ovalbumin binding surfaces are provided, as well as strepavidin-coated microparticles and microparticles coated with capture moieties such as biotinylated immunoglobulins or fragments thereof. Other examples couple a ligand to the solid surface. Further provided are dispersed microparticles and methods for making them.

Abstract: Provided is a detection method for a target substance capable of enhancing detection sensitivity and quantitative property of a magnetic biosensor, while keeping monodispersity and dispersion stability of magnetic markers, including the steps of: reacting the target substance in a sample solution with a first target substance trapping member immobilized on a sensing element and with a second target substance trapping member immobilized on a gel particle to hold the gel particle on the sensing element; adjusting a magnetic marker precursor including the gel particle and a magnetic material precursor existing in the gel particle by bringing the magnetic material precursor into contact with the gel particle; synthesizing a magnetic material from the magnetic material precursor held on the gel particle, thereby adjusting the magnetic markers; and detecting the magnetic markers with the sensing element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite bead and a fabrication method thereof, and particularly, to a porous composite bead comprising superparamagnetic cluster and nanoparticles, such as light-emitting nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and the like, and a fabrication method thereof.

Abstract: A heterobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) is provided having a hydrolytically degradable linkage, a first terminus comprising an acrylate group, and a second terminus comprising a target such as a protein or pharmaceutical agent or a reactive moiety capable of coupling to a target. Hydrogels can be prepared. The hydrogels can be used as a carrier for a protein or a pharmaceutical agent that can be readily released in a controlled fashion.

Abstract: A sensor chip for detecting an immune response against an influenza virus, the sensor chip including a substrate having a surface and a plurality of hemagglutinin polypeptides bound to discrete locations on the surface of the substrate, each hemagglutinin polypeptide having a hemagglutinin epitope. Detection devices containing the sensor chip and methods of detecting influenza immune responses are also described herein.

Abstract: A sensor chip for detecting an immune response against a virus, the sensor chip including a substrate having a surface and a plurality of virus-like particles or capsid fragments bound to discrete locations on the surface of the substrate. Detection devices containing the sensor chip and methods of detecting anti-viral immune responses are also described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reagent for an immunoassay comprising insoluble carrier particles which can give the values to be determined with high accuracy and reliability, and can be stored for a long time; an immunoassay using the reagent; and a method for keeping the reagent stable.

Abstract: A gel microdrop composition is provided. In certain embodiments, the gel microdrop composition contains a polymer matrix, an effector particle that releases an effector molecule into the polymer matrix, a first reporter particle that emits a first optically detectable signal and a second reporter particle that emits a second optically detectable signal that is distinguishable from the first optically detectable signal, where the effector particle and said first and second reporter particles are encapsulated by the polymer matrix. Methods of screening that employ the gel microdrop composition and methods of making the gel microdrop composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel conjugates of nanoparticles are provided and have particular utility in the detection of latent fingerprints by their ability to bind to a fingerprint residue. The conjugate comprises a nanoparticle attached to a linker group having a terminal reactive moiety, wherein said nanoparticle comprises a core of a first semiconductor material having a first luminescence and a shell of a second material which at least partially surrounds the core. The conjugated nanoparticle can bind to the fingerprint residue and can be detected using fluorescence.

Abstract: A method for processing multi-phasic dispersions is provided. The method comprises providing a multi-phasic dispersion including dispersed and continuous phases, providing one or more non-solvents comprising an aqueous solution containing at least one multivalent cation, exposing the multi-phasic dispersion to the non-solvent to form a suspension containing one or more liquid phases and the solid microparticles, and removing at least a portion of the resulting one or more liquid phases while retaining at least the microparticles, thereby removing at least a portion of the non-volatile material from the microparticles.

Abstract: The technology provided herein generally relates to reusable detection surfaces and methods for reusing a detection surface after using the detection surface in an assay for an analyte.

Abstract: A ligand molecule-immobilized polymer has a structure represented by the following general formula (1). In the general formula (1), R1 represents a ligand molecule-containing group, R2 represents a hydrophobic group, R3 represents a spacer site, R4 represents a hydrophilic group, R5 represents a group having charge, a to d specify a composition ratio and each represent an integer of 1 or more, and n and m specify chain lengths and represent integers satisfying the relationships of 1?n(a+b+c+d)?10,000 and 1?m?350.

Abstract: A first reactant, which is provided with a reaction site for specific binding with an analyte, and a fluorescent label site, and a second reactant, which is provided with a reaction site for specific binding with the analyte, and a fluorescence recognition site for recognizing fluorescence produced by the fluorescent label site of the first reactant, are respectively fixed onto a support such that the first reactant and the second reactant have a positional relationship adapted for the binding with the analyte.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of coated polymer particles containing superparamagnetic crystals, said process comprising reacting surface-functionalized, superparamagnetic crystal-containing polymer particles of diameter less than 0.5 ?m with at least one polyisocyanate and at least one diol.

Abstract: Provided herein are biosensors that comprise a biological signal source linked to a substrate by a peptide nucleic acid spacer and methods of use of the biosensor. In one embodiment, the biosensor is used to detect prostate-specific antigen.

Abstract: Described herein are supports for assaying an analyte and methods of making and using thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting specific target-cells in a simple and time saving way, using paramagnetic particles, antibodies recognizing the Fc portions of target-cell associating antibodies and target-cell associating antibodies directed to specific antigen determinants in the target-cell membranes. Incubation of the cell suspension with a mild detergent and/or second set of antibodies or antibody fragments, prelabeled or not with fluorescent agents, metallocolloids, radioisotopes, biotincomplexes or certain enzymes allowing visualization, with dramatically increase the specificity of the method. The method can further be used for isolation of the target-cells by magnetic field application and kit for performing the method according to the invention is described.

Abstract: Ligand Drug conjugate compounds comprising a ?-glucuronide-based linker and methods of using such compounds are provided.