Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for determining the amount of various materials in a liquid sample. Because the apparatus is particularly resilient it can be used repeatedly with very harsh liquid samples such as boot water from an oil refinery. The apparatus uses at least one volume and/or concentration independent optical analysis method to determine at least one of: the pH, amount of chloride, and/or amount of iron in the sample. The optical property can be colorimetric, fluorescent or both and result from adding dyes, complexing agents, turbidity inducing compounds, and other optically effecting reagents to the sample. Because the measurements are concentration and volume independent they can be done continuously, quickly, and avoid the inconvenient start and stop procedures in prior art measurement regimens.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treatment of acute coronary syndrome and prediction of adverse cardiac events on the basis of elevations of catalytic iron in biological fluid of a human subject. An embodiment of the invention provides a method for early detection of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in a human subject at the time of presentation of the chest pain. The method includes analyzing a test sample of the biological fluid for amount of catalytic iron and detecting acute coronary syndrome in the human subject.

Abstract: A method that uses an (DOPC) surfactant based biofilm that reacts with a material in a known manner, and a device that utilizes such a biofilm, to detect a material of interest is provided. The principles of the present invention are particularly useful in detecting/measuring a material that is harmful to a human or to property.

Abstract: Methods and reagents are disclosed for conducting assays. Embodiments of the present methods and reagents are concerned with a solid support such as, for example, a particle. The support includes a chemiluminescent composition that includes a metal chelate. The present inventors observed that, when such support such as, e.g., particles, were employed in assays for the determination of an analyte, stability of signal output by the chemiluminescent composition associated with the particle was unacceptably reduced as compared to particles including other chemiluminescent compositions. In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the stability of signal output from such particles is enhanced by including in a medium that contains the particles a sufficient amount of one or more stabilizing agents, which may be a chelating agent and/or a metal chelate such as, for example, the metal chelate that is associated with the particle.

Abstract: The invention is drawn to novel nanostructures comprising hollow nanospheres and nanotubes for use as chemical sensors, conduits for fluids, and electronic conductors. The nanostructures can be used in microfluidic devices, for transporting fluids between devices and structures in analytical devices, for conducting electrical currents between devices and structure in analytical devices, and for conducting electrical currents between biological molecules and electronic devices, such as bio-microchips.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrochemical sensor having a solid electrically conductive substrate and a compound immobilized thereon which has binding affinity for an analyte species to be detected and also displays electrochemical behaviour which is modified upon binding of that analyte species, so that binding of an analyte species can be detected by measuring electrochemical properties, such as by voltammetry. Desirably the immobilised compound contains both a first moiety with binding affinity for the analyte and a separate second moiety which is a redox system whose electrochemical oxidation/reduction properties become modified when the first moiety binds the analyte. The analyte binding moiety may be a diol or polyol and preferably is a sugar. The electrochemical sensor finds use in methods of analysing reservoir and process fluids, particularly at a subterranean location. The electrochemical sensor may be a component of a downhole tool, adapted for deployment downhole.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of diagnosing, monitoring and treating iron disorders using assays of serum ferritin. Some embodiments relate to detection and management of iron and iron-containing proteins in the body. For instance, the level of ferritin may be determined by contacting a sample with one or more magnetic nanoparticles; measuring an absorbance of the sample in the presence and in the absence of a magnetic field; and comparing the absorbance of the sample in the presence of the magnetic field to the absorbance of the sample in the absence of the magnetic field to determine the level of ferritin in the sample.

Abstract: Applicants have produced a chromophore and a polymer that are highly sensitive to the presence of various agents, including organophosphates, pesticides, neurotoxins, metal ions, some explosives, and biological toxins. The detection is accomplished by detecting a change in the fluorescence characteristics of the chromophore or polymer when in the presence of the agent to be detected. The chromophore and polymer may be incorporated into sensors of various types, and they are adaptable for potential field use in areas where detection of these types of agents is desired.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method of discriminating between, in a surface of a transition metal alloy, transition metals in different oxidation states using surface sensor molecules adapted to associate selectively with one of the transition metals. In particular, the present invention provides a method of identifying degradation in aircraft components such as turbine blades, engine casings and aerofoils. In embodiments, a surface sensor molecule comprising an oxidation state discriminating group, such as an imidazole, and a fluorescein probe is applied in aqueous solution to the surface of a service-run Ni alloy aircraft component. The sensor molecule selectively associates with transition metals in oxidation states greater than zero such that fluorescence imaging can be used to identify areas of degradation.

Abstract: A method for quantifying the permanganate-reducing compounds (PRCs) in an acetic acid sample is disclosed. The method comprises establishing a correlation between permanganate absorbances of standard samples and their PRC contents and determining the PRC content of the acetic acid sample by measuring its permanganate absorbance of a reaction mixture containing a standard permanganate solution and the acetic acid sample. The permanganate absorbance is obtained by subtracting the manganese dioxide absorbance from the absorbance of the mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed are 2-quinoxalinol salen compounds and in particular 2-quinoxalinol salen Schiff-base ligands. The disclosed 2-quinoxalinol salen compounds may be utilized as ligands for forming complexes with cations, and further, the formed complexes may be utilized as catalysts for oxidation reactions. The disclosed 2-quinoxalinol salen compounds also may be conjugated to solid supports and utilized in methods for selective solid-phase extraction or detection of cations.

Abstract: A method and kit for determining a concentration of iron in brake fluid when contacting a colorimetric reagent such that a color results. The level of iron can be used to determine the amount of active corrosion within a brake system and determine if special service procedures are required.

Abstract: The present invention provides fluorogenic compounds for the detection of target metal ions wherein the compounds exhibit a Stokes shift greater than 50 nm and the detectable signal is modulated by photoinduced electron transfer (PET). The present compounds consist of three functional elements, the ion sensing moiety (chelating moiety), the reporter moiety (fluorophore or fluorescent protein) and spacer or linker between the sensing and reporter moieties of the present compound that allows for PET upon binding of a metal ion and excitation by an appropriate wavelength.

Abstract: Chalcogenide compounds with cation exchange capability and methods of using the compounds are described. Compounds of the general formula A2xMxSn3-xS6 are described wherein x is 0.1-0.95, A is Li+, Na+, K+ or Rb+ and M is Mn2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Co2+ or Ni2+. Compounds of the general formula H2xMxSn3-xS6 are also described wherein x is 0.1-0.95 and M=Mn2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Co2+ or Ni2+. The compounds can be layered compounds. The compounds are capable of intercalation of Cs+, Sr2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, and/or Ag+ ions. A process involving contacting the compounds with a solution comprising one or more ions including Cs+, Sr2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, and/or Ag+ is also provided. The one or more ions can be removed from the solution by the compounds. A process comprising contacting compounds of the general formula A2xMxSn3-xS6 with a solution containing UO22+, Th4+ or Pu4+ ions is also described.

Abstract: Electrodeposition baths, systems and methods are provided. In some embodiments, the baths, systems and methods are used to deposit metal alloy coatings.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in vitro method for measuring the T75 of reduction kinetics of iron from Fe+3 to Fe+2 in an iron-sucrose complex and hence assessing the bioequivalency of iron-sucrose composition. According to the disclosed method, T75 of reduction kinetics of iron in an iron-sucrose complex in between 25 to 50 minutes indicates bioequivalent iron-sucrose composition.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and composition for testing the wear on mechanical hardware. During the testing method a metal oxidant is applied the mechanical hardware being tested which deposits onto the mechanical and can be visually detected. One of the properties of the metal oxidant is that it is a substantially non-flow or non-drip medium that can be applied in situ with reduced risk to surrounding hardware.

Abstract: The present technology provides a dual chemical sensor for zinc and nickel ions and a chemical sensor for copper ions. Also provided are methods of making and using the chemical sensors. The chemical sensors have the structure of formula I, wherein R1, and R2 are defined as set forth herein.

Abstract: A method and kit for determining a concentration of iron in brake fluid when contacting a calorimetric reagent such that a color results. The level of iron can be used to determine the amount of active corrosion within a brake system and determine if special service procedures are required.

Abstract: An improved optical method for determining metal or a metal compound thereof in a sample with organic impurities. The optical method comprises of solvating the metal in a liquid medium and then mixing this liquid medium with an optical indicator and then measuring the presence of the metal. The improvement lies in removing any organic impurities by the addition of an additive, where the said additive is removed before the optical indicator is added.

Abstract: The present invention is a new class of fluorescent sensor with unprecedented sensitivity, selectivity and synthetic efficiency for the identification and qualitative and quantitative detection of transition metal ions. The chemosensing properties are based on an internal charge transfer mechanism or photo-induced electron transfer and are effective in vitro. The chemosensor comprises one or more electron donating dipyrrin functionalities linked to an electron withdrawing functionality. The chemosensor forms a stable transition metal complex through internal charge transfer between the electron donating functionality and the target transition metal, which results in measurable fluorescence. Specific examples for sensing zinc and copper ions are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an iron chelating agent which can selectively chelate iron ions. The iron chelating agent of the present invention includes a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a salt thereof (wherein, ring Z represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; R1 represents an alkylene group; R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a group having chelating ability; and the total coordination number of the groups represented by R2 and R3 is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal chelator and methods that facilitate binding, detecting, monitoring and quantitating of zinc ions in a sample. The metal chelating moiety of the zinc-binding compound is an analog of the well-known calcium chelator, BAPTA (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N?,N?-tetraacetic acid), wherein the chelating moiety has been modified from a tetraacetic acid moiety to a tri- di- or monoacetic moiety. This change in acetic acid groups on the metal chelating moiety results in the selective bindings of zinc ions in the presence of calcium ions, both of which are present in biological fluids and intracellular cytosolic fluid and organelles.

Abstract: A method for inferring temperature in an enclosed volume containing a fuel/oxidant mixture, the method comprises placing at least one wire in the enclosed volume. The at least one wire having an identifiable property wherein the identifiable property of the at least one wire changes from a first identifiable state at a temperature below the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel/oxidant mixture to a second identifiable state at a temperature above the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel/oxidant mixture, and determining if the identifiable property of the at least one wire has changed from the first identifiable state to the second identifiable state and hence if the temperature in the enclosed volume is above the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel/oxidant mixture.

Abstract: Electrodeposition baths, systems and methods are provided. In some embodiments, the baths, systems and methods are used to deposit metal alloy coatings.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treatment of acute coronary syndrome and prediction of adverse cardiac events on the basis of elevations of catalytic iron in biological fluid of a human subject. An embodiment of the invention provides a method for early detection of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in a human subject at the time of presentation of the chest pain. The method includes analyzing a test sample of the biological fluid for amount of catalytic iron and detecting acute coronary syndrome in the human subject.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for early diagnosis or detection of acute coronary syndrome and prediction of adverse cardiac events on the basis of elevations of catalytic iron in biological fluid of a human subject. An embodiment of the invention provides a method for early detection of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in a human subject at the time of presentation of the chest pain. The method includes analyzing a test sample of the biological fluid for amount of catalytic iron and detecting acute coronary syndrome in the human subject.

Abstract: Proposed is a zirconium crucible used for melting an analytical sample in the pretreatment of the analytical sample, wherein the purity of the zirconium crucible is 99.99 wt % or higher. In light of the recent analytical technology demanded of fast and accurate measurement of high purity materials, the present invention provides a zirconium crucible for melting an analytical sample, a method of preparing such analytical sample, and a method of analysis that enables the analysis of high purity materials by inhibiting the inclusion of impurities from the crucible regardless of difference in the analysts and their skill.

Abstract: The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly recognized as a viable target for imaging and therapy of cancer. Various 99mTc/Re-labeled compounds were prepared by attaching known Tc/Re chelating agents to an amino-functionalized PSMA inhibitor with or without a variable length linker moiety. Ex vivo biodistribution and in vivo imaging demonstrated the degree of specific binding to engineered PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumors.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring the concentration of a catalytic clement in a fuel cell powder. The method includes depositing on a porous substrate at least one layer of a powder mixture comprising the fuel cell powder and an internal standard material, ablating a sample of the powder mixture using a laser, and vaporizing the sample using an inductively coupled plasma. A normalized concentration of catalytic element in the sample is determined by quantifying the intensity of a first signal correlated to the amount of catalytic element in the sample, quantifying the intensity of a second signal correlated to the amount of internal standard material in the sample, and using a ratio of the first signal intensity to the second signal intensity to cancel out the effects of sample size.

Abstract: The present technology provides a dual chemical sensor for zinc and nickel ions and a chemical sensor for copper ions. Also provided are methods of making and using the chemical sensors. The chemical sensors have the structure of formula I, wherein R1, and R2 are defined as set forth herein.

Abstract: A nickel crucible used for melting an analytical sample in the pretreatment of the analytical sample, characterized in that the purity of the nickel crucible is 99.9999 wt % or higher. Also provided is a method of analysis, comprising melting a sample by the use of the nickel crucible for melting having a purity of 99.9999 wt % or higher, and analyzing the melt to thereby obtain an analytical result in which the respective lower limits of determination of Mn, Al, Si, Mg, Pb, Fe, Co, Ti, Cu, Cr, Zr, Mo, and W are Mn: 5 wtppm, Al: 10 wtppm, Si: 10 wtppm, Mg: 5 wtppm, Pb: 5 wtppm, Fe: 5 wtppm, Co: 5 wtppm, Ti: 20 wtppm, Cu: 20 wtppm, Cr: 10 wtppm, Zr: 5 wtppm, Mo: 2 wtppm, and W: 10 wtppm. In light of the recent analytical technology demanded of fast and accurate measurement of high purity materials, high purity analysis is attained through inhibition of mixing of impurities from the crucible.

Abstract: A method for separating and purifying the active hematinic species (AHS) present in iron-saccharidic compositions, including AHS such as sodium ferric gluconate complex, ferric hydroxide-sucrose complex and ferric saccharate complex and others of similar form and function. The method separates the AHS from one or more excipients and, preferably, lyophilizes the separated AHS. Separation of the AHS permits its analytical quantification, further concentration, purification and/or lyophilization as well as preparation of new and useful products and pharmaceutical compositions, including those useful for the treatment of humans and animals.

Abstract: Applicants have produced a chromophore and a polymer that are highly sensitive to the presence of various agents, including organophosphates, pesticides, neurotoxins, metal ions, some explosives, and biological toxins. The detection is accomplished by detecting a change in the fluorescence characteristics of the chromophore or polymer when in the presence of the agent to be detected. The chromophore and polymer may be incorporated into sensors of various types, and they are adaptable for potential field use in areas where detection of these types of agents is desired.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reagent for measuring clotting time including a nonionic surfactant, a nickel ion and a tissue factor. A method for stabilizing a tissue factor, and use of a nonionic surfactant and a nickel salt for stabilizing a tissue factor are also disclosed.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate that defines, at least in part, a microfluidic network including an inlet in communication with a first detection zone and with a second detection zone. A cobalt reagent and a nickel reagent are disposed within the microfluidic network. First electrodes are in communication with the first detection zone and second electrodes arc in communication with the second detection zone. The device is configured to receive a blood derived sample introduced to the inlet, partition the blood sample into first and second blood sample portions, form a first mixture including at least some of the first blood sample portion and at least some of the cobalt reagent, and form a second mixture including at least some of the second blood sample portion, at least some of the cobalt reagent and at least some of the nickel reagent.

Abstract: A bulk sample is fed with a liquid into a mixing tank (1) where it is stirred to form a dispersion. A proportion of the dispersion is recycled from the bottom of the tank through a line to the top of the tank so that at least the dispersion in the recycle loop (3) is substantially homogeneous, and a representative sample of the dispersion is taken from the recycle loop, e.g. using a slurry sampler (5).

Abstract: Blood and tissue markers of the metabolic status, risk of health complications in Fabry disease patients and as a biomarker to follow the efficacy of treatment in animal models and patients with Fabry disease comprising tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), precursors and metabolites of BH4, and other related co-factors is disclosed herein. The present invention further describes the use of BH4 therapy as a treatment option for Fabry disease to prevent, slow or reverses vascular cardiac and renal manifestations of Fabry disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in vitro method for measuring the T75 of reduction kinetics of iron from Fe+3 to Fe+2 in an iron-sucrose complex and hence assessing the bioequivalency of iron-sucrose composition. According to the disclosed method, T75 of reduction kinetics of iron in an iron-sucrose complex in between 25 to 50 minutes indicates bioequivalent iron-sucrose composition.

Abstract: A method of forming a liquid crystal device, includes: contacting an aqueous solution comprising a surfactant and a receptor molecule with a top surface of a liquid crystal. The liquid crystal is in a holding compartment of a substrate, and the receptor molecule is adsorbed on the top surface of the liquid crystal forming an interface between the liquid crystal and the aqueous solution. The receptor molecule is different than the surfactant. A method of detecting a compound in a flowing stream includes passing an aqueous solution over a top surface of a liquid crystal in a holding compartment of a substrate. The method also includes determining whether a change in the orientation of the liquid crystal occurs as the aqueous solution is passed over the top surface of the liquid crystal. A change in the orientation of the liquid crystal indicates the presence of the compound in the flowing stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multi-polymer-coated magnetic nanoclusters, aqueous magnetic fluids comprising same, and methods of their use in separation procedures. The multi-polymer-coated magnetic nanoclusters comprise a super paramagnetic core, with a first polymer attached thereto, which does not render the first polymer-super paramagnetic particle complex colloidally stable, and a second polymer attached thereto, which stabilizes the complex of multi-polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Methods of use comprise methods of separation, including separation of expressed protein from cells and viruses expressing the same.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of measuring iron concentration in a sample. The method includes bringing iron contained in the sample into contact with a metallochromic indicator for iron in the presence of lithium ion and determining the iron concentration based on the degree of resultant coloring. The present disclosure further includes a reagent and a kit using therefor.

Abstract: A method that uses an L-?-dipalmitoleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) surfactant based device that reacts with a substance in a known manner, to detect a substance of interest or to extract a substance of interest from a material is provided. The principles of the present invention are particularly useful in detecting/measuring a substance that is harmful to a human, and also to extracting NACL from saltwater.

Abstract: The invention relates to kits and methods for analyzing hair, particularly for determining the amount of damage to hair, including placing hair into a solution containing at least one metal ion so that an amount of the metal ion is attached to the hair, removing the hair from the solution, determining the amount of metal ion attached to the hair, and determining the amount of damage to the hair based upon the amount of metal ion attached to the hair.

Abstract: The present invention relates to luminescent compounds having a functionalised linker arm, their synthesis and use in bioconjugation and labelling of biomolecules, such as for example nucleosides, nucleotides, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA or PNA) and proteins, as well as their use in the execution of in vitro and in vivo analytic and diagnostic assays.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a pure preparation of an apo- form of an [Fe2S2] ferredoxin is provided. The process comprising, applying a solution comprising a holo- form of the [Fe2S2] ferredoxin on an anion exchange column; and eluting the [Fe2S2] ferredoxin from the anion exchange column with a solution comprising a salt, thereby obtaining the pure preparation of the apo- form of the [Fe2S2] ferredoxin. Also provided are pure preparations of apo-ferredoxin as well as methods of using same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the quantitative analysis of a metal element contained in a resin material, which permits quantitatively analyzing the harmful substance such as lead contained in a resin material, comprising decomposing the resin material within a container having at least the inner surface formed of a glassy carbon in the presence of an aqueous solution of an oxidizing acid, heating the organic residue of the decomposed resin material so as to convert the residue into an ash, and quantitatively measuring the metal element contained in the organic residue converted into the ash.

Abstract: Electrodeposition baths, systems and methods are provided. In some embodiments, the baths, systems and methods are used to deposit metal alloy coatings.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for determining the content of metallic elements in Fischer-Tropsch waxes by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), wherein digestion of one or more samples of the waxes is carried out in an open vessel microwave digestion system. The invention further provides a sampling protocol for use with the method.

Abstract: A method for quantitative determination of nickel and/or copper, by which an ultratrace amount of nickel and/or copper contained in a liquid sample can be easily and simply determined in situ; and apparatus to be used in the method. The method comprises a step of adding a complex-forming agent capable of forming a complex with nickel and copper to a liquid sample containing nickel and/or copper in unknown concentrations to form colored fine particles of a nickel complex and/or a copper complex and a step of determining the quantities of nickel and/or copper on the basis of the colored fine particles.